DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI

SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES

Legazpi City

Name:___________________________________
Year and Course: ________________________ Date: _________________

FIELD STUDY 1
LEARNING
EPISODE On Teacher’s Philosophy of Education

FS1 14
I. Spark your Interest
One thing asked of teacher applicants in the Department of Education is to write
their philosophy of education. This means that they have to write their concept of the

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

nature of the learner, how that learner learns and how that learner ought to live in
order to live life meaningfully. Based on these philosophical concepts, the teacher
applicants describe how they ought to relate to the learner, what to teach and how to
teach so that the learner learns and lives life happily and meaningfully.

II. Target Learning Outcome

At the end of this episode, you must be able to:

 Determine prevailing philosophies of education based on DepEd Vision

and Mission statements, core values and mandate, the K to 12
Curriculum Framework and Guide and RA 10533;

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

 Cite teacher's teaching behaviors and the philosophies of education on

which these behaviors are founded; and
 Articulate your philosophy of teaching.

III. Revisit the Learning Essentials

We are beneficiaries of a rich philosophical heritage passed on to us by

great thinkers of the past and of the present. The way teachers relate to
learners and the way they teach are anchored on philosophies of education.

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

Basic documents such as the vision and mission statements, core values
and mandate of theDepartment of Education and the features of the K to 12
Curriculum as contained in Section 3 ofRA 10533 and the K to 12 Curriculum
Guide are manifestations or expressions of the philosophies Of education of
the country. They state the standards and the outcomes of education towards
which all curricular activities and teaching-learning should be directed.

Observe, Analyze, Reflect

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

Activity 14.1 Analyzing DepEd’s Philosophy of Education

Resource Teacher:___________________________ Teacher’s Signature:____
School:___________________________________ Grade/ Year Level:______
Subject Area:_______________________ Date:_________________

O bserve
o Determine prevailing philosophies of education based on DepEd Vision and
Mission statements, core values and mandate and on the K to 12 Curriculum
Framework and Guide.
o Study the DepEd Vision and Mission statements, Core values and Mandate.

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

o Read the features of the K to 12 Curriculum based on the Kt012 Curriculum

Framework and Guide and Sec 5 of RA 10533.
o Accomplish the Table below by answering this question: Which philosophies are
expressed?
o Cite relevant statements to back up an identified philosophy of education. You
are given an example.

Philosophies of Education Which philosophies are Which philosophies are

1. Essentialism — teach
mastery of the basics;
curriculum is prescribed;
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expressed in the DepEd Vision, expressed in the K to
Mission Statements, 12Curriculum Framework
CoreValues, and Mandate? andGuide and Sec 5 of RA
Give proof. 10533? Give proof.
Essentialism - The core values Essentialism - List of
of maka-Diyos, maka-tao, standards and competencies
maka-kalikasananemakabansa that learners are expected to

͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

subject matter — attain is the subject matter

centered there are show that DepEd is that students are expected to
universal, objective essentialist. DepEd believes in learn.
values; inculcate values unchanging values that need — Essentialist
in subject matter to be inculcated.
2. Perennialism — teach Any proof of perennialism?
those that last, the
classics; there are
universal values;
inculcate these
universal, objective
values
3. Progressivism - very Any proof of progressivism?
child-centered; teach
those that interest the
child; one learns by

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

experience; learners
learn by doing so
teacher teacher 's
teaching is experiential;
values are subjective;
no inculcation of values
since they are
subjective; instead
teachers help students
clarify their values
4. Reconstructionism - Any proof of
school is agent of reconstructionism?
change; schooling is
preparing students for
the social changes;
teaching is involving

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

the students in
discussions of moral
dilemmas
5. Existentialism - Any proof of existentialism?
Teachers teach
learners to make a
choice, to make
decisions and not
merely to follow the
crowd; one who does
not make a choice and
so simply follow others
do not leave meaningful
life
6. Pragmatism - That which Any proof of pragmatism?
is useful, that which is

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

practical and that which

works is what is good;
that which is efficient
and effective is that
which is good. e.g.
showing a video clip on
mitosis is more efficient
and more effective and
therefore more practical
than teacher coming up
with a visual aid by
drawing mitosis on a
cartolina or illustration
board

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

Philosophies of Education Which philosophies are Which philosophies are

expressed in the DepEd Vision, expressed in the K to
Mission Statements, 12Curriculum Framework
CoreValues, and Mandate? andGuide and Sec 5 of RA
Give proof. 10533? Give proof.

7. Rationalism - Any proof of rationalism?

emphasizes the
development of the
learners’ reasoning
powers; knowledge
comes though reason;
teacher must develop
the reasoning power of

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

the learner

8. Utilitarianism - what is Any proof of utilitarianism?

good is that which is
most useful (that which
brings happiness) to the
greatest number of
peoples;

9. Empiricism - source of Any proof of empiricism?

knowledge is through the
senses; teacher must

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

involve the senses in

teaching-learning

10. Behaviorism - behavior is Any proof of behaviorism?

shaped deliberately by
forces in the environment
and that the type of
person and actions
desired can be the
product of design;
behavior is determined
by others, rather than by
person's own free will;
teacher must carefully
shape desirable
behavior; drills are
commonly used to
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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

enhance learning.
rewards reinforce
learning

11. Constructivism — Any proof of constructivism?

Learners are capable of
constructing knowledge
and meaning; teaching
—learning therefore is
constructing knowledge
and meaning; teacher
does not just "tell" or
dictate but asks learners
for knowledge they

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

construct and meaning of

lesson

12. Other Philosophies

Observe, Analyze, Reflect

Activity 14.2 Articulating my Personal Philosophy of Teaching

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

Resource Teacher:___________________________ Teacher’s Signature:____

School:___________________________________ Grade/ Year Level:______
Subject Area:_______________________ Date:_________________

 Observe how a teacher relates to every learner and how he/she proceeds
with her teaching.
 Accomplish this Observation Sheet

Here are philosophies of education. Find out which philosophies were

manifested in class by observing what and how teacher teaches- and relates to
learners

Philosophies of Education Teaching Behavior (State what the teacher

said, taught, or did)

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

1. Essentialism — teach mastery

of the basics; curriculum is
prescribed; subject matter —
centered there are universal,
objective values; inculcate
values in subject matter
2. Perennialism — teach those
that last, the classics; there
are universal values;
inculcate these universal,
objective values
3. Progressivism - very child-
centered; teach those that
interest the child; one learns
by experience; learners learn
by doing so teacher teacher

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

's teaching is experiential;

values are subjective; no
inculcation of values since
they are subjective; instead
teachers help students clarify
their values
4. Reconstructionism - school
is agent of change;
schooling is preparing
students for the social
changes; teaching is
involving the students in
discussions of moral
dilemmas
5. Existentialism - Teachers
teach learners to make a

18 | P a g e

͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

choice, to make decisions

and not merely to follow the
crowd; one who does not
make a choice and so simply
follow others do not leave
meaningful life
6. Pragmatism - That which is
useful, that which is practical
and that which works is what
is good; that which is efficient
and effective is that which is
good. e.g. showing a video
clip on mitosis is more
efficient and more effective
and therefore more practical
than teacher coming up with

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

a visual aid by drawing

mitosis on a cartolina or
illustration board
7. Rationalism - emphasizes the
development of the learners’
reasoning powers; knowledge
comes though reason;
teacher must develop the
reasoning power of the
learner

8. Utilitarianism - what is good is

that which is most useful (that
which brings happiness) to the

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

greatest number of peoples;

9. Empiricism - source of
knowledge is through the
senses; teacher must involve
the senses in teaching-
learning

10. Behaviorism - behavior is

shaped deliberately by forces
in the environment and that
the type of person and actions
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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

desired can be the product of

design; behavior is determined
by others, rather than by
person's own free will; teacher
must carefully shape desirable
behavior; drills are commonly
used to enhance learning.
rewards reinforce learning

11. Constructivism —Learners

are capable of constructing
knowledge and meaning;
teaching —learning therefore
is constructing knowledge and
meaning; teacher does not just
"tell" or dictate but asks
learners for knowledge they
22 | P a g e

͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

construct and meaning of

lesson

12. Other Philosophies

A NALYZE

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

1. Base on your findings and observations in Activity 16.1 and Activity 16.2, which
philosophies of education are dominant in Philippine basic schools? Why do you say
so?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

2. If there is one philosophy that schools and teachers should give more attention to,
what should it be and why?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

R EFLECT

What is your philosophy of teaching? This describes what you believed you
should teach, how you should teach and how you should relate to others in school — with the
learners, your colleagues, your superiors and all other stakeholders. Write them down. This is
your title, "My Philosophy of Teaching."

My Philosophy of Teaching

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͢ MGDL
 DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LEGAZPI
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND SCIENCES
Legazpi City

These may be of help:

I believe that the learner . . . . . . . . . . (concept of the learner)

I believe that I should teach the learners.... (what)

By…………..(how)

I believe that I .... (how should you relate to learners, colleagues, superior, parents and other
stakeholders)

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͢ MGDL