Subject: - “ARAMCO” Examination‘s of Master &Mates

As most of you will be aware, “ÁRAMCo” are conducting their own examinations of all Master and Mates on board all Contracted
vessels. Depending on the result of such examination, the respective person either “PASS” or “FAIL”, as far as “ÁRAMCo” inspectors
are concerned.
If the Former, the individual has clearance from “ÁRAMCo” to be appointed on board, but if the latter, the individual is not
considered to be acceptable to “ÁRAMCo” for employment on any vessel working in their offshore areas, and the Company have no
option then in turn has to be examined by “ÁRAMCo”.
Obviously this has caused major administrative and financial problem for the Company, over which we unfortunately have no control.
It is stressed that for obvious reason we need all Master and mates to “PASS” the examination, and to this end, we show below, as list of
the items upon which questions are likely to be asked by the “ÁRAMCo” examiner.
Questions for Evaluation of Master & Mates
To be completed 15-30 minutes.
Knowledge of International Regulation for Preventing Collision at Sea:
ALL (WHOLE)
1. Day & Night & Fog signal for vessel under way?
= (Two-Side; Two-Top; Stern // “▬” every 2 minutes, ‘ T’)

2. Day & Night & Fog signal for vessel not make way from water?
= (Two-Side; Two-Top; Stern // Two red light 360,0o // “▬ ▬” every 2 minutes – 2 sec, ‘M’)
3. Day & Night & Fog signal for vessel at anchor?
=(Ball // White Bow-Stern mast light 360,0o // “▬ ” Rapidly ring after signal, ‘R’)

4. Day & Night & Fog signal for vessel aground? = (Three Ball // Two Red light 360, 0o //
“” separate stroke on the bell
“ ▬ “Rapidly ring after signal + given
“” separate stroke on the bell, ‘S’‘R’‘S’)

5. Day & Night & Fog signal for vessel Pilot? ?

= (Top-White/ Down-Red; Side; Stern // “▬” + “”,‘H’)
6. Day & Night & Fog signal for vessel trawling (seismic)?
7. Day & Night & Fog signal for vessel tow? = (Ball – Diamond – Ball // Diamond //
Two-Side; Three-Four-Top; Stern; Tow; Red –White - Red; “▬ ”,‘D’)

8. Day & Night & Fog signal for vessel towing?

= (Diamond // Two-Side; Stern; // after tow signal “▬ ” every 2 min) ( or … ?)

9. Day & Night & Fog signal Vessels constrained by draft?

= (Cylinder // Two-Side; Two-Top; Stern // Three Red light 360,0o // “▬ ”, ‘D’)

10. Day & Night & Fog signal Vessel restricted in their ability to manoeuvring?
= ( Ball – Diamond – Ball // Red –White - Red light 360,0o // “▬ ”, ‘D’)


11. Day & Night & Fog signal Vessel engage mine clearance? =(  Three ball, Three green light 360,0o //
Two Diamond – Two Ball from side)
12. Day & Night & Fog signal Vessel dredger operational? = (Ball – Diamond – Ball // Two Diamond – Two Ball;
Two-Side; Two Top; Stern; Red –White - Red; Two Red 360,0 o/ Two Green 360,0o “▬ ”,‘D’)

13. Day & Night & Fog signal Vessel Not Under command?
= ( Two Ball // Two Red light 360,0o) // “▬ ”,‘D’)

14. Visibility, arc navigation lights?

Top 225,0o - 6 miles;
Side 112,5o – 3 miles; Stern –Tow 135,0o – 3 miles;
Stern –Tow 135,0o – 3 miles;
Anchor 360,0o – 3 miles, Red/White/Red – 3 miles

Time of sounding short blast = 1-2 sec; Prolong blast 5 second

15. Maneuvering signal?
= (“”’E’ – Alter my course s/s; “” ‘I’– a/c P/side; “” ‘S’– My engine work the stern)
16. Overtake signals?
(“▬ ▬ ”’G’- Overtake S/s; “▬ ▬ ”’Z’– Overtake P/s; “▬  ▬ ”’C’– Agree)
17. Warning signal?
=(“” – Attention, I can not understood You attended)
18. Single letter signal and their significance?
19. Action to take when vessels are reciprocal course?
(“”’E’ – Alter my course s/s; “” ‘I’– a/c P/side; “” ‘S’– My engine work the stern)
20. Action to take when vessels are crossing vessel?
The V passing from aft another V crossing
21. Action to take when vessels are overtaking one another?
(“▬ ▬ ”’G’- Overtake S/s; “▬ ▬ ”’Z’– Overtake P/s; “▬  ▬ ”’C’– Agree)
22. What kind of vessel exhibits three red lights in a vertical line?
Vessels constrained by draft
23. What is the sound signal for restricted visibility?
“▬” every 2 minutes, ‘ T’
1 prolong every 2 minutes
24. What are the necessary precautions to be taking when vessel is on restricted visibility?
St/by to maneuvering for prevent collision (safe speed- eng. ready for immediately maneuver- make fog signal-
radar on – 2 watch keeping
25. Precautions to adopt in condition of poor visibility?
Keep 2 watches looking in bridge + 2 radar working
26. What will you do, when in poor visibility?
Keep 2 watch looking in out side the bridge in 2 wing-reduce the speed – all time st/by engine for
maneuvering- 2 radar working
27. Action to take when vessels are negotiating areas of shallow water?
Reduce speed and st/by anchor-st/by eng to maneuvering- echosounder on
28. Lights & Fog signal for Oil platforms ?
= (“ ▬” // “U”)

29. What to do before leaving or enter the harbor?

= (Ask Permition)
30. What to do before enter or leaving OIL FIELD?
= (Ask Permition)
31. Maximum speed in harbors and estuaries.
= (5 knots – 8 knots)
32. International channel. 16
33. Explain: - 4 Cardinal marks (North; South; East; West – what color?)
34. Light & Sharpe Special Buoys. (What color?)

35. What Top mark of a cardinal buoy to East of a Shoal?

Black with yellow band
36. Chart symbols for; - Light, Depth, and Nature of Bottom. Definition Racon (ARAMCO-Additional
sheet.)
Identify Oil pipelines: - Use & Disused Trenched (Berried), Power lines, Trunk lines, Marked pipeline.
Depth of water over Pipelines, Crossing Pipelines. Drying heights, Wreck symbols,
37. Ascertain depth of water under keel. Minimum keel clearance. Centimeters.
37A South Safanya 1100 hrs, 29th June 2003, you have a draft 4, 3 m, a sounding of 6,2 m.
What is overall depth of water under keel? = (1, 9 meters)
37 What is depth of water at West pier Spit Buoy at 1000 hrs, on 29th December 2004 year.
B

= 4,7+0,72=5,42 meters.
38. Determine whether tide flooding or tide ebbing with tide table.

39. Familiarity with ARAMCO tide tables, Interpolation, & International & Explain terminology.

40. Definition of: L.A.T – Lowest Astronomical Tide (Chart datum - Zero of chart)
I.S.L.W – Indian Spring Low Water
H.A.T – Highest Astronomical Tide
M.S.L – Mean Sea Level
I. A. L. A– International Association Lighthouse Authority.
B.A. – British Admiralty Chart
S. U. R – Saudi Aramco Chart.
S. C. B. A– Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus.
E. E. B. D – Emergency Escape Breathing Device.
EPIRB – Emergency position indicating Radio Beacon.
SART – Search and Rescue Radar Transponder.
41.Calculate. Explain mean stability, and all abbreviations:
Ship’s D =1000; KG =4.0m, load W=200kg; KG = 5.0m. Find KG after load.
W KG M
1000 4.0 4000
200 5.0 1000 5000 : 1200 = 4.16 (4.17) KG after load.
1200 ? 5000

G Centre of gravity LBP Length between perpendiculars

KG Centre of gravity above keel. ø Angle of inclination.
M Metacentre LOA Length over all.
B Moulded breadth of ship MLD Moulded draft of ship
GM Metacentric high
GZ Actual righting arms measured from G. KM Vertical distance of transverse metacentre M before
loading/discharging
LCF Longitinual centre of floatation MTC Meter per centimeter
LCB Longitinual centre of buoyancy MTI Inch per centimeter

42. Which operation every day do it with ballast?

Sounding
43. What happens with stability in time of loading ?
Reduce
44. What is Free Surface Effect? Explain?

43. What is specific gravity of seawater? 1,025

44. What is meant by “fresh water allowance”? 1,00

45. What is meant by TPC / TPI (Tons Per Centimeters/ Inch) immersion.
= (The increase displacement due to a uniform increase in draught of one centimeter)

46. Load Line? Appropriate Load Line & Seasonal Zone/Draught Mark?
47. Squat: - Explain, and action for reduce. Calculate.
= (F max = 2 x CB x VK2 / 100 (CB=0,70m; K – Speed in Knots)) Brown’s Page 625-626.
For a vessel underway, the bodily sinkage and change of trim which are caused by the pressure distribution on the hull due to
the relative motion of water and hull. The effect begins to increase significantly at depth-to-draft ratios less than 2.5. It
increases rapidly with speed and is augmented in narrow channels.
48. What is GHA and Declination of a celestial body?
Greenwich hour angle. . Angular distance west of the Greenwich celestial meridian; the arc of the celestial equator, or the
angle at the celestial pole, between the upper branch of the Greenwich celestial
meridian and the hour circle of a point on the celestial sphere, measured westward from the Greenwich celestial meridian
through 360; local hour angle at the Greenwich meridian.
declination. , n. 1. Angular distance north or south of the celestial equator; the arc of an hour circle between the celestial
equator and a point on the celestial sphere, measured northward or southward from the celestial equator through 90, and
labeled N or S (+ or -) to indicate the direction of measurement. 2. Short for MAGNETIC DECLINATION.
49. Calculate compass error by SUN. Explain how you do it?
Explanation the determinate error of a celestial body (SUN)?
1.Time UTC; 2.Latitude; 3.Longetude; 4.Declanetion (D); 5.GCo - Deg º; 6.MCo - Degº;
7. In time UTC, find in Brown’s almanac GHA SUN, only hours.
8. Also in Brown’s find Increments (ICR) minutes & seconds, if data in table increase, it’s (+) or decrease (-).
9. GHA SUN + (long) = LHA (Pay attention 1º = 60’ // 60’ = 1º)
10. Go in table NORIE’S, entry the table “A”, only with LHA (deg) & (lat), find “A”.
11. Entry the table “B”, only with D and LHA, find “B”
12. If “A” South and “B” South then plus (+), “A+B=C”; if “A” North and “B” South deduction “A-B=C”.
13.”C”given name biggest mark South or North.
14. With “C” and (lat), entry the table “C”, find Azimuth.
15. Azimuths have combination name, with receiving mean “C” & LHA. Name East or West, where stay ship.
50.” M.O.B / Williamson turn ” – Understood and Explain.
THE MEAN WILLIAMSON TURN FOR MAN OVERBOARD RECOVERY IN OPEN WATER
1. Man overboard is declaring.
2. If victim in sight, first life ring “as soon as possible”.
3. If at night, second ring with light signal throw “as soon as possible”.
4. Word is passed quickly to the bridge. The time is noted.
5. Ring thrower is the spotter until chief officer arrives.
6. Captain // Mate note course, maintains speed, turns full right rudder.
7. When at original course plus 60 then turns port full rudder.
8. As approaching original course plus 180 rudders goes to.
9. Mate spotter directs master until victim in master’s sight.
10. For recovery safety victim to be to kept weather side of the vessel.
11. Mate supervises for crew victim recovery.
12. Ring with line is thrown to victim, vessel propulsion at stop.
13. Victim recovered from the sea, vessel back to underway.
14. First aid & evacuation procedures to be followed victim injured.
15. Entries to be made in vessel log book noting:
- Time overboard reported; Time recovery; Time Elapsed.
- Location/Weather/Sea condition.
- Comments for improvements – DRILLS.
- Name of crewmember - real incident.

51. VHF & SSB Distress frequencies.

Calling Frequency (VHF Ch-16) or a SSB Safety and Hailing Frequency (2182, 4125, 6215, 8291, 12290 or 16420 kHz, USB)
52. Five Distress signal. (Name & method of indicating)

(a) a gun or other explosive signal fired at intervals of about a minute;

(b) a continuous sounding with any fog-signaling apparatus;
(d) a signal made by radiotelegraphy or by any other signaling method consisting of the group . . .– – –. . . (SOS) in the
Morse Code;
(e) a signal sent by radiotelephony consisting of the spoken word “Mayday”;
(f) the International Code Signal of distress indicated by N.C.;
(g) a signal consisting of a square flag having above or below it a ball or anything resembling a ball;
(h) flames on the vessel (as from a burning tar barrel, oil barrel, etc.);
(i) a rocket parachute flare or a hand flare showing a red light;
(j) a smoke signal giving off orange-colored smoke;
(k) slowly and repeatedly raising and lowering arms outstretched to each side;
(l) the radiotelegraph alarm signal;
(m) the radiotelephone alarm signal;
(n) signals transmitted by emergency position-indicating radio beacons;
(o) approved signals transmitted by radio communication systems, including survival craft radar transponders.
(c) rockets or shells, throwing red stars fired one at a time at short intervals;

53. Four signal “ALARM”

54. Hydrostatic releases: - purpose and Functions.

Once coming to under the water by pressure 2.5 happened open the LR
55. Life raft (Supply, Time check)

56. Knowledge of Safety Equipment (Individual & General)

57. Scrambler Net. Know. Explain

Each side for the vessel has 1 scrambler net (used in life salvage) on main deck port/starboard sides.
58. F. R. C. Know (Supply, Realese) Explain.
Rescue boat for automatically relies

59. How to determine the presence of H2S at on Oil platform. What precaution action to take.
1. Always enter any potential H2S Hazard Zone from the Upwind Direction.
2. Unless specifically instructed otherwise, always assume that an H2S Hazard exists.
3. Vessel crew should all wear SCBA ( ) Units when entering a potential H2S Hazard Zone.
4. H2S heavier than air and readily soluble in water.
5. The potential H2S Hazard can be substantially reduced by operating the vessel's Protective water spray
System & Fire Fighting Monitors in a full spray pattern.
60. In time GAS ALERT! When ship tie-up to RIG. What will you do?
Cast off All crew on deck coming inside the accommodation the vessel take the position up wind

61. When ship tie-up to RIG. You OOW, if on deck collapse man, from poisoning. What will you do?
Move affected person to fresh air. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If breathing has stopped,
give cardio-pulmonary resuscitation. Keep person warm and quiet.
62. What you do? For pull out from Rig, in time GAS ALERT?
63. If you are along side the platform, and you found out that there is a leaking. What will you do?
1. Do not enter any significant floating crude oil realize area.
2. Unless specifically confirmed by the Incident Command Post (ICP) always assume that an H2S Hazard
exists.
3. Approach the crude oil realize from the Upwind Direction.
4. Operate the Vessel Protective Waterspray System to minimize the potential ignition hazard.
5. Utilize the Vessel Fire Monitors in a protective waterspray nozzle pattern to disperse the floating
crude oil or to protect rescue craft or persons in the open sea.

64. Determine compass Error: Convert Compass to True True to Compass. Apply magnetic error.
(Variation is 3 W, Deviation is 2 E, Bearing 243 Compass, Defined try bearing) = True -2420
0 0 0

65. Deviation on Magnetic Compass. Update chart variation to sailing year.

66. Chart plotting. (Current; Set and Drift) Explain with help graphic (drawing). 80 100 90 110 10 (page 334-
335)
(Calculate drift from wind & current : 80 100
90
10 110
67. Navigation chart work.
68. Use Radar. Take bearing & Distance.
69. How frequently need defined position confined water? (30 minutes)
70. How many people must be on watch? = (OOW & AB lookout)
71. What meant by expression “”BACKING” when applied to wind.
Backing (of wind): Shift of wind direction in an anticlockwise manner, for example from North to west (opposite of
veering)
Veering (of winds): Clockwise change in the direction of the wind; opposite of backing
72. Normal sea state condition for at shore structure? = (1,0 – 1,5 meters)
73. General knowledge of own vessel?
74. Explain mean Anchor Handling operation? = (Shank, Crown, Palm/Edge, Fluke, Anchor grown shackle)

75. How many people must be on deck in time anchor handling operation? = (1-Officer; 2 – AB)
76. Which tool must be use for anchor handling?
1. Certificated and SWL stamped shackles.
2. Certificated Pelican hook & Pennant wire.
3. Buoy catcher lasso.
4. Safety hooks.
5. Anchor handling hook.
6. Snatch blocks.
7. Wire slings.
8. Rope coils.
9. Bull dog grips.
10. Hand thrown grapple hook & line.
11. Wooden wedges for pipe, general cargo and pennant buoy securing.
12. Deck tool kit.
13. Continued.
14. Webbing strops.
15. Oxygen/acetylene cutting gear.
16. Boat hooks.
77. Which instruments necessary for connection tow line?

78. What action will do Rig Master, day before Rig Move? What you will do?
79. What consist towline? Explain.

80. What mean “Gob Chain”? Explain?

81. Operational Instruction Manual (OIM) No: 1,519

This instruction describes the NA oil operation and marine department guidelines for the work
procedures which will provide a safe work environment and protect Saudi Aramco offshore producing
facilities, minimize production losses and marine equipment standby costs.
1. Intent.
2. 14 prior notice.
3. Work review and planning meeting
4. Responsibilities.
5. Buoying requirements
6. Moving equipment into, within, and out of oil fields.
7. Anchoring within the oil field.
8. Depressurizing underwater pipeline and platform topside piping and de-energizing subsea cables
82. Physical demonstration of maneuvering the vessel.
(Special awareness of actual Tidal & Wind conditions. Use of engine’s and Helm to control the vessel
83. Certificate & STCW, Medical
84. Convertation: Feet – Meters; Meters – Feet; Tons – Kg – Libss – Barrels,
85. Расчет поправки компаса ГК по таблице NORIE'S Nautical Table.
The examine may ask additional questions to the above, and request further practical display of
boat handling capability.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
DECK TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SUGGESTED BEING CARREID BY AHTSS VESSELS.
1.Certificated and SWL Stamped Shackles:

2 x 75 – 85 SWL; 4 x 55 SWL; 4 x 35 SWL; 4 x 12 SWL; 4 x 8 SWL; 6 x 5 SWL; 10x 2 SWL;

2.Certificated Pelican Hook and pennant wire; -

A. Pelican Hook of suitable size and SWL for 52 mm diameter anchor pennant Wire
B. Pelican Hook Pennant Wire of suitable length and SWL
3.Buoy Catcher Lasso;

2 x buoy catcher lasso. These are to be made up of 2 x (3 m x 19 mm strops) connected to 1,5m of 13 mm

Open link chain (grade 80). Chain to strop connection to be made with suitable SWL Hinge Link connectors.
4.Safety Hook.

1 x safety hook for each Tugger winch available of suitable SWL for Winch.

5.Anchor Handling Hook;

1 x anchor-handling hook of 25 tones SWL
6.Snatch Blocks;
 4 x snatch blocks of same SWL as Tugger Winch Maximum Pull.

7.Wire Slings;

A wide selection of certificated Wire Slings for use during anchor handling and cargo
duties to include, but not limited to 1o mm, 13mm, 19mm, and 24 mm F S W of varying length.
(A couple of 10 mm dm. Strops about 1 meter in Length will be invaluable)
8.Rope Coils;

An adequate supply of wire, man made rope, and natural rope coils to
effectively cover all eventualities. To included but not limited to replacement of heaving lines, cargo Securing
lashings, and tugger wire replacement.
9.Bull Dog Grips:

An adequate supply of BULL DOG GRIPS of various sizes to fit the wire coils supplied.

10.Hand thrown grapple hook and line.

 2 x hand thrown grapple hook and line to be readily available.
11.Heaving Line
4 x Heaving Line to be readily available
12.Wooden Wedges for pipe, general cargo and pennant buoy securing;
A selection of large sized wooden wedges, (not the damage control box items) for the securing of casing pipes,
deck cargos and anchor pennant buoys.
13.Webbing Strops

A selection of various SWL webbing strops of varying lengths.

14. Oxygen/Acetylene Cutting Gear.
To include full spare bottles, regulators and flash back arresters. Houses long enough to reach beyond the stern
roller. Cutting torch with spare nozzles. Nozzle cleaning kit and Sparkers with spare flints.
15.Boat hook.

Boat Hook 2 x Boat Hook of at least 10 feet in length of approved factory

standard (Not ship made inferior type)
17.Deck Tool Kit:
The following items but limited to are to be included in the deck tool kit:
-Sledge Hammers2‫ مطرقة زالجة‬x 7 lb -Mauls 2 x 4 lb
-Ball pain Hammers 2 x 2 lb -Long Handed Axe 1piece
-Crow Bars Heavy Duty 2 piece. -Crow Bars Medium Duty 2 piece
-Cold chisels Heavy Duty 2 x 1” -Pliers Heavy Duty 2 piece
-Mole grips Large 1piece -Marline spikes 1x12“ / 1x18“
-Hacksaw Heavy Duty 1 piece -Hacksaw heavy Blades 12 pieces
-Seizing Wire Reel -Adjustable Spanners 1x 8“/ 1x12”
-Seizing Twine Reel -Thimbles to fit tugger wire.
-Nails 2”& 6” -Pipe wrench 2x12” / 2 x 24”
-Wire Brush to clean shackle threads x 2 pieces
-Split Pins Adequate supply of all required sizes.
-Spare Handles for sledge, maul, hammers and axes.
-Ring spanner 2 x each size to fit bull dog grips supplied to vessel
-Pipe wrench ‫ مفتاح ربط األنابيب‬Necessary for releasing small and large shackle pin nuts.
DAMAGE CONTROL BOX – LIST OF DAMAGE CONTROL ITEMS:
1. Timbel (Коуш) 4”x 4” or similar size, 10-foot (3m) length – 6 pcs.
2. Claw hammer ‫شاكُوش بك َّماشة‬ َ (Киянка) – 1 piece.
3. Rip Saw ، ‫( منشار تمساح‬Продольная пила) for wood – 1 piece.
4. Nail ‫( مِسمار‬Гвозди) assorted 3”x 6” – 2 lb (1 kg)
5. Wedges ‫ َوتِد‬. ‫( إسفين‬Клинья) wood various size & shape – 24 pieces.
6. Hack saw ‫( منشار معادن‬Ножовка) 12” (with 3 spare blade) – 1 piece.
7. Shovel ‫( جاروف‬Лопата) – 1 piece.
8. Marlin spike (tool shaped like a spike for loosening rope or wire strands )(Свайка) steel 18” (300mm) – 1 piece.
9. Cement ‫( إسمنت‬Цемент) quick dry, long life – 1 bag.
10. Sand (Песок) – 1 bag.
11. Hammer sledge ‫( مطرقة زالجة‬Кувалда) 10 lb (4-5kg) – 1 piece.
12. Crow bar / Wrecking bar ‫( عتلة‬Лом) 24” (600mm) – 1 piece.
13. Flash light (Фонарь) (with spare batteries) – 1 piece.
14. Work gloves (Рабочие перчатки) – 2 pair.
15. Canavas (Брезент) 15 feet – 5 meters.
ADDITIONALY: Mats or any materials that may be used to stop ingress of water. It is recommended that a
separate box used solely for the purpose of storing these items should be used. The box should be clearly
Marked and stowed in a position allowing easy and clear access. Long length of timber can be stowed separately
but should be: - Clearly marked “D A M A G E D C O N T R O L BOX “
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

BULK CONVERSION FOR INVENTORY AT PIER.

Water (Portable & Drill)
1 Metric Ton = 268.80 USG
1 Cubic Meter = 264,17 USG
Diesel Fuel
1 Metric ton = 312.986 USG.
42 USG = 1 BARREL.
Bentonite (AQUAGEL):
60 LBS = 1 Cubic Feet
Safra Oil
Liters x 0.0063 = Bbls
Conversation Table
Cement “G”
1 ton = 2204.6 LBS
94 LBS = 1 Cubic Foot
Beryte
60 LBS = 1 Cubic Foot
135.10 LBS = 1cub.foot
Oil Base MUD
Cubic metric ton x 35.51 = Cubic foot
// Cement (1 SK.) = 1cub.foot.
// Baryte (2,702 SK.) = 1
// Bentonyte (1.20 SK.) = 1cub.foot
 FUEL OIL SAFRA OIL MUD OIL
Cubic meter Metric ton Metric ton Metric ton US Gallon Barrels
1 0,844 0,80 1,44 264,20 6,30
2 1,688 1,60 2,88 528,40 12,60
3 2,532 2,40 4,32 792,60 18,90
4 3,376 3,20 5,76 1056,80 25,20
5 4,220 4,00 7,20 1321,00 31,50
6 5,064 4,80 8,64 1585,20 37,80
7 5,906 5,60 10,08 1849,40 44,10
8 6,752 6,40 11,52 2113,60 50,40
9 7,596 7,20 12,96 2377,80 56,70
10 8,440 8,00 14,40 2642,00 63,00
20 16,88 16,00 28,80 5284,00 126,00
30 25,32 24,00 43,20 7926,00 189,00
40 33,76 32,00 57,60 10568,00 252,00
50 42,20 40,00 72,00 13210,00 315,00
60 50,64 48,00 86,40 15852,00 378,00
70 59,06 56,00 100,80 18494,00 441,00
80 67,52 64,00 115,20 21136,00 504,00
90 75,96 72,00 129,60 23778,00 567,00
100 84,40 80,00 144,00 26420,00 630,00
SPACIFIC GRAVITY LONG TON AVOIRDUPIOS = 2240.0 Lbs
FUEL OIL = 0.844 1 BARREL = 42 USG SHORT TON = 2000.0 Lbs
SAFRA OIL = 0.80 1 USG = 3,785 LITRS TONNE (1000 kg) = 2204.6 Lbs
MUD OIL =1.44 1 LITRE = 0,0063 BARREL
FUEL OIL SAFRA OIL MUD OIL
Met.ton US Gallon Barrels US Gallon Barrels US Gallon Barrels
1 312,98 7,45 330,25 7,86 133,47 4,37
2 625,96 14,90 660,50 15,72 366,94 8,74
3 938,94 22,35 990,75 23,58 550,41 13,11
4 1251,92 29,80 1321,00 31,44 733,88 17,48
5 1564,90 37,25 1651,25 39,30 917,35 21,85
6 1877,88 44,70 1981,50 47,16 1100,82 26,22
7 2190,86 52,15 2311,75 55,02 1284,29 30,59
8 2503,84 59,60 2642,00 62,88 1467,75 34,96
9 2816,82 67,05 2972,25 70,74 1651,23 39,33
10 3129,80 74,50 3302,50 78,60 1834,70 43,70
20 6259,90 149,00 6605,00 157,20 3669,40 87,40
30 9389,40 223,50 9907,50 235,80 5504,10 131,10
40 12519,20 298,00 13210,00 314,40 7338,80 174,80
50 15649,00 372,50 16512,50 393,00 9173,50 218,50
60 18778,80 447,00 19815,00 471,60 11008,20 262,50
70 21908,60 521,50 23117,50 550,20 12842,90 305,90
80 25038,40 596,00 26420,00 628,80 14677,60 349,60
90 28168,20 670,50 29722,50 707,40 15512,30 393,30
100 31298,00 745,00 33025,00 786,00 18347,00 437,00
 FROM TO MULTI PLY BY
FEET METERS 0,3048
L E N G T H METERS FEET 3.2808
INCHES CENTEMETRES 2.5400
CENTEMETERS INCHES 0.3937
YARD FEET 3
YARDS METERS 0,9144
METERS YARDS 1.904
MILES KILOMETERS 1.609
KILOMETERS MILES 0.6214
SQUARE MILE SQUARE KM 2.590
A R E A

SQUARE KM SQUARE MILES 0.3861

SQUARE CM SQUARE IN 0.155 IN SQ.
SQUARE IN SQUARE CM 6.4516 CM SQ.
SQUARE YARD SQUARE FEET 9
BARRELS (42 GAL) CUBIC METERS 0.1589
CUBIC METERS BARRELS (42 GAL) 6.2898
C A P A C I T Y

GALLON (US) CUBIC METERS 0.003

CUBIC METRES US GALONS 2.642
CUB. DECIMETERS
US GALONS 0.2642
(LITERS)
CENTIMETERS LITRE 0.01
MILIMETERS LITRES 0.001
LITERS CENTIMETERS 100
LITRS MILIMETERS 1000
METRIC TONS US GALONS 268.8
US GALONS METRIC TONS 0.378
POUND OUNCES 16
WEIGHT

GRAMS OUNCES (OZ) 0.0353 OZ

OUNCES (OZ) GRAMMS 28.35
KILOGRAMS POUND (LB) 2.205 LB
POUND (LB) KILOGRAMS 0.4536 KG