Types of public policies

Regulatory: Regulatory policies are concerned with regulation of trade, business,

safety measures, and public utilities. This type of regulation is done by independent
organisations that work on behalf of the government.

Distributive: Distributive policies are meant for specific segments of society. It can

be in the area of grant of goods, public welfare or health services, etc. These mainly
include all public assistance and welfare program.

Re distributive: Re distributive policies are concerned with the rearrangement of

policies which are concerned with bringing about basic social and economic
changes.

Security: Security policies are meant to be secure for a system, organization or

other entity. For an organization, it addresses the constraints on behaviour of its
members as well as constraints imposed on adversaries by mechanisms such as
doors, locks, keys and walls. For systems, the security policy addresses constraints
on functions and flow among them, constraints on access by external systems and
adversaries including programs and access to data by people.
Stages in policy making process

 Issue identification:

- publicized demands for government action can lead to identification of

policy problems
- attention that prompts the need for government action

 Agenda setting

- Government begins to give serious consideration

 Policy formulation

- Policy proposals can be formulated through political channels by policy-

planning organisations, interest groups, government bureaucracies, state
legislatures, and the higher authorities.
- Development of possible solutions; consideration of several alternatives

 Policy implementation

- The process of moving an idea from concept to reality. In business,

engineering and other fields, implementation refers to the building
process rather than the design process

 Policy evaluation

- This stage is especially vital, with policies that focus on complying

with government regulations. The evaluation stage ensures polices
are up to date and continue to reflect long-term business goals.
When a review determines a policy is proving ineffective, or if
regulatory or business standards change, the business owner or
decision-making team determines whether changing the existing
policy or creating an entirely new policy is the best solution.