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The following flow chart depicts the elements of the reading process and roughly identifies levels of reading processing. Consider a reader holding a book in his or her hands.
The fundamental first step in determining whether or not comprehension occurs is to pay adequate attention to the text. Is the reader fluent in the language and
knowledgeable enough to deduce meaning from the text? It is a top-down and bottom-up processing process in which the top-down process brings background knowledge and
prior experience to bear on the reading, and the bottom-up process involves decoding, defining new terminology, and making sense of sentences through syntax knowledge.
WHAT DO I WHAT DO I
WHAT DO I
THINK? CONCLUDE?
SEE?
What is my What is my
What is the case?
interpretation? assessment?
Decoding
What are your critiques?
What is the intention?
Making sense
Could it have been
What does it add to the expressed better?
Making inferences conversation?
Is there an alternative
To what use can I put the point of view?
text?