2021 ‫مراجعة شامةل دلروس اللغة الإجنلزيية وفق الإطار املرجعي‬

- ‫ مجيع املسال‬-

Your way to success

Abdelghafour Raquibi
raquibi.abdelghafour@gmail.com

Vocabulary Exercises
Grammar Answer Key
Functions National Exams
Writing Exam
Specifications
Abdelghafour Raquibi
raquibi.abdelghafour@gmail.com
+212691968526
English

Edition 2021
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Vocabulary

Grammar

Functions

Writing
 ‫‪About This Book‬‬

‫يجمع هذا الكتاب ‪ booklet‬ملخصات دروس اللغة اإلنجليزية المقررة في االمتحان الوطني للبكالوريا وفق اإلطار المرجعي‬

‫‪ .2020‬وهو نتاج عمل شخصي‪ ،‬غير أن بعض التمارين واألمثلة الواردة فيه مأخوذة من االنترنت ومن مصادر أخرى‪ .‬كما‬

‫أن بعض التمارين منتقاة من االمتحانات الوطنية السابقة‪ ،‬وذلك بغية التعود على نوعية األسئلة التي تطرح عادة في االمتحان‬
‫وكذا طريقة طرحها‪.‬‬

‫ينقسم الكتاب إلى األقسام التالية‪:‬‬

‫❖ ‪Vocabulary‬‬
‫❖ ‪Grammar‬‬
‫❖ ‪Functions‬‬
‫❖ ‪Writing‬‬

‫وكل قسم يحتو ي على ملخص كل درس ثم تمارين لتقوية الفهم ولالختبار‪ .‬بعض التمارين مرفقة بعناصر اإلجابة‪ .‬ويكفي النقر‬

‫الذي يكون بجانب التمرين‪ ،‬لينقلك إلى صفحة عناصر اإلجابة ‪.Answer Key‬‬ ‫على هذا الرمز‬

‫‪ ،‬انقر عليه لمشاهدة الفيديو‪.‬‬ ‫بعض الدروس مشروحة بالفيديو‪ ،‬أمامها رمز‬

‫إضافة إلى ذلك يمكن الولج إلى تمارين تفاعلية على شبكة األنترنت‪ ،‬وذلك من خالل النقر على ‪Inetractive exercise‬‬

‫وختاما‪ ،‬أتمنى أن يساعدك هذا الكتاب في اإلعداد الجيد لالمتحان وأبرأ إلى هللا من كل من استعمله أو أي جزء منه للغش أو‬
‫محاولة الغش‪.‬‬
‫ال تنسونا من صالح دعائكم‪.‬‬

‫وهللا ولي التوفيق‬

 ‫ لمادة اللغة اإلنجليزية‬2021 ‫الدروس المقررة في االمتحان الوطني‬
– ‫– وفق اإلطار المرجعي‬
Vocabulary Grammar Functions Writing

▪ Gifts of Youth ▪ Tenses: ▪ Making and Responding to ▪ Developing a topic

▪ Humor Simple Present Requests sentence

Present Continuous
▪ Women and Power Simple Past ▪ Complaining and Responding ▪ Writing a paragraph
Past Continuous
▪ Cultural Issues and Present Perfect to Complaints ▪ Completing a paragraph
Past Perfect ▪ Apologizing ▪ Writing an article
Values Simple Future
▪ Citizenship Future Perfect ▪ Asking for And Giving Advice ▪ Writing an email

➢ Phrasal Verbs ▪ Reported Speech ▪ Expressing and Asking for ▪ Telling a story
➢ Suffixes and ▪ Modals ➢ Genres:
Opinion
Prefixes Narrative,
➢ Collocations … ▪ Passive Voice ▪ Agreeing and Disagreeing Descriptive
▪ Relative Pronouns ▪ Making and Responding to Persuasive
Expository
▪ Linking Words: Suggestions
- Addition ▪ Making, Accepting, and
- Concession
- Contrast Declining Invitations
- Purpose
- Cause and effect
 Noun Adjective Noun Adjective
Adventure Adventurous ‫مغامر‬ Passion Passionate ‫شغوف‬
Ambition Ambitious ‫طموح‬ Patience Patient ‫صبور‬
Audacity Audacious ‫جريء‬ skill Skilful (skillful) ‫ماهر‬
Creativity Creative ‫مبدع‬ Respect Respectable ‫محترم‬
Energy Energetic ‫نشيط‬ Responsibility Responsible ‫مسؤول‬
Enthusiasm Enthusiastic ‫متحمس‬ Self-confidence Self-confident ‫واثق من نفسه‬
Gift Gifted ‫موهوب‬ Sociability Sociable ‫اجتماعي‬
Imagination Imaginative ‫واسع الخيال‬ Strength Strong ‫قوي‬
Innovation Innovative ‫مبتكر‬ Talent Talented ‫ماهر‬
Motivation Motivated ‫متحفز‬ Vigor (vigour) Vigorous ‫قوي‬
Optimism Optimistic ‫متفائل‬ Vitality Vital ‫حيوي‬

Exercise
Give the correct forms of the words in brackets.
1. Jawad is (passion) …………………………………………………………………. about computers.
2. My grandpa is 90, but he is still full of (vigorous) ………………………………………. and vitality.
3. We are all (responsibility) …………………………………...………………….. for our environment.
4. He does his work with energy and (enthusiastic) ………………………………………………………

Nouns Adjectives Positive Emotions Negative Emotions

Amusement ‫تسلية‬ Amusing/ amused Joy ‫الفرح‬ Anger ‫الغضب‬
Entertainment ‫ترفيه‬ Entertaining/ entertaining Delight ‫البهجة‬ Despair ‫اليأس‬
Humour ‫فكاهة‬ Humorous Cheerfulness ‫المرح‬ Loneliness ‫الوحدة‬
Laughter ‫ضحك‬ Laughable Vivacity ‫الحيوية‬ Frustration ‫اإلحباط‬
Silliness ‫سخافة‬ Silly satisfaction ‫الرضا‬ worry ‫القلق‬

Exercise

A. Match the words that go together to make appropriate collocations.

1. Tell A. of humour
2. Do B. fun of someone
3. Make C. a joke
4. Burst D. into laughter
5. A sense E. an impression

1- ………… 2- ………… 3- ………… 4- ………… 5- …………

4 Abdelghafour Raquibi
English for Bac
 B. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words or expressions from the list.
1. Bassou is my favorite ………………………
A. humour B. comedian C. funny
2. The film you are watching is so ………………………….
A. boring B. bored C. boredom
3. She was …………………………… and depressed
A. frustration B. frustrating C. frustrated
4. …………………. is the best medicine.
A. laughter B. laugh C. laughable

A. Equality ‫المساواة‬ A. inequality ‫الالمساواة‬

B. polygamy ‫تعدد الزوجات‬ B. Monogamy ‫الزواج من امرأة واحدة‬
C.
D.
E.
F.
Emancipation
Independence
Marginalization
literacy
‫التحرر‬
‫االستقاللية‬
‫التهميش‬
‫معرفة القراءة والكتابة‬
≠ C.
D.
E.
F.
enslavement
Dependence
empowerment
illiteracy
‫العبودية‬
‫االتكال‬
‫التمكين‬
‫األمية‬

Gender )‫النوع (ذكر أو أنثى‬ Domestic violence/ abuse ‫العنف المنزلي‬

Sexual harassment ‫التحرش الجنسي‬ Patriarchal society )‫مجتمع أبوي (ذكوري‬
Equal pay ‫المساواة في األجور‬ Women’s rights ‫حقوق المرأة‬

Exercise
Match the words with the corresponding definitions.
1. Feminism A. a feeling that you are less important, intelligent, or
‫الحركة النسوية‬ skillful than other people. and a lack of self-esteem.
2. Sexism
B. the quality of being fair and impartial.
‫التمييز على أساس الجنس‬
3. Inferiority complex C. A movement which advocates women’s rights.
‫ مركب نقص‬/‫عقدة‬
D. prejudice or discrimination based on a person's sex
4. International women’s day
‫اليوم العالمي للمرأة‬ or gender.
5. Equity E. An occasion celebrated by women’s groups on
‫اإلنصاف‬ March 8.

1- ……… 2- ……… 3- ……… 4- ……… 5- ………

English for Bac 5 Abdelghafour Raquibi

1) Match the words with the corresponding antonyms.

1. Tolerance ‫التسامح‬ A. Conflict

2. Altruism ‫اإليثار‬ B. Selfishness
3. Equity ‫العدل‬ C. Intolerance
4. Coexistence ‫التعايش‬ D. Injustice
5. Cooperation ‫التعاون‬ E. Individuality

1- ……… 2- ……… 3- ……… 4- ……… 5- ………

2) Match the words that go together to make appropriate collocations.

1. Moral A. good
2. Cultural B. diversity
3. Common C. Education
4. Global D. citizenship
5. Culture E. obligations
6. Civic F. shock

1- …… 3- …… 5- ……
2- …… 4- …… 6- ……

3) Fill in the gaps with appropriate words or expressions from the list:

▪ Values ‫قيم‬ ▪ Initiative ‫مبادرة‬ ▪ Stereotype ‫صورة نمطية‬ ▪ Racism ‫عنصرية‬

▪ Citizenship ‫المواطنة‬ ▪ Community ▪ Customs ‫تقاليد‬ ▪ Prejudice ‫تمييز‬

a) ………………………………..………………. is the position or status of being a citizen of a particular country.

b) ……………………………………..….. is a fixed idea or image about a society or group, which is often not true.
c) What do you think of the ………………..………………………………. and traditions of a Moroccan wedding?

Rights ‫الحقوق‬ Responsibilities ‫الواجبات‬

Right to life, liberty, and security of person. To respect the rules and laws
To have a job Participate in your local community.
Freedom of expression. contribute to the defense of the Country and of its territorial integrity.
Food and shelter for all. Protect the environment
The right to education. Pay taxes

English for Bac 6 Abdelghafour Raquibi

Provide the appropriate word for each of the following definitions. (from the list)
NGO = Non-governmental organization ‫منظمة غير حكومية‬
Lobby ‫لوبي‬ Globalization ‫العولمة‬ Citizen ‫مواطن‬
Censorship ‫الرقابة‬ Human rights ‫حقوق االنسان‬ Volunteering ‫التطوع‬
Charity ‫مؤسسة خيرية‬ Trade union ‫النقابات‬ Voting ‫التصويت‬

1. ………………………………… : The control of what can be said, written or published.

2. ………………………………… : offering something you don’t have to do, for free.
3. ………………………………… : organizations formed by workers to protect their rights and interests.
4. ………………………………… : A person who belongs to a country and has rights and duties.

🔵 Pandemic ‫جائحة‬ 🔵 Contagious ‫معدي‬

🔵 Infection ‫عدوى‬ 🔵 Diagnosis ‫فحص‬
🔵 Quarantine ‫الحجر‬ 🔵 Disease ‫مرض‬
🔵 Self-quarantine. ‫حجر صحي ذاتي‬ 🔵 Herd Immunity ‫مناعة القطيع‬
🔵 Morbidity rate. ‫معدل انتشار المرض‬ 🔵 Incubation Period ‫مدة الحضانة‬
🔵 Mortality rate. ‫معدل الوفيات‬ 🔵 Isolation ‫العزل‬
🔵 Social Distancing. ‫التباعد االجتماعي‬ 🔵 Mask )‫قناع (كمامة‬
🔵 Closure. ‫إغالق‬ 🔵 Symptoms ‫أعراض‬
🔵 Outbreak. ‫ تفشي المرض‬- ‫اندالع‬ 🔵 Fever. ‫حمى‬
🔵 Lockdown. ‫ غلق‬- ‫حظر تجول‬ 🔵 Cough. ‫ سعال‬- ‫كحة‬
🔵 Partial lockdown. - ‫حظر جزئي‬ 🔵 Hand sanitizing. ‫تعقيم األيدي‬
🔵 Nation-wide lockdown.‫ حظر شامل‬- 🔵 Tested positive ‫نتيجة تحليله إيجابية‬
🔵 Lifting the lockdown. ‫رفع الحظر‬ 🔵 Tested negative ‫نتيجة تحليله سلبية‬
🔵 Easing the lockdown. ‫تخفيف الحظر‬ 🔵 Vaccine ‫لقاح‬
🔵 Lockdown extension. ‫تمديد الحظر‬ 🔵 sneeze ‫يعطس‬
🔵 School closures. ‫غلق المدارس‬ 🔵 Sanitizer ‫معقم‬
🔵 Distance learning ‫التعليم عن بعد‬ 🔵 Treatment ‫عالج‬
🔵 Ban gatherings. ‫حظر التجمعات‬ 🔵 Prevention is better than cure.
🔵 confirmed case ‫حالة مؤكدة‬ ‫الوقاية خير من العالج‬

English for Bac 7 Abdelghafour Raquibi

 Phrasal verbs Meaning Translation Example
Apply for request ‫يقدم طلبا‬ He applied for a scholarship for next semester.
Ask in Invite (sb into your home) ‫يدعو‬ Haven't I asked you into our new house before?
Back up 1) To support or encourage ‫) يدعم‬1 I'll back you up if they don't believe you.
2) To make a copy ‫) ينسخ‬2 You should back up your files onto a memory stick.
Break down cease to work correctly. ‫تعطل‬ My computer broke down yesterday.
Bring about cause ‫ يحدث‬،‫يسبب‬ New technology has brought about social changes.
Bring up 1) raise (a child) )‫يربي (طفال‬ ▪ Badr was brought up by his aunt.
2) mention a topic ‫يفتح أو يثير موضوعا‬ ▪ Don’t bring up that topic at the meeting.
Calm down Become calm ‫ يهدأ‬،‫يهدئ‬ Calm down and tell us what’s going on.
Carry on Continue/ go on ‫يواصل‬ Carry on the good work!
Check in To register (hotel, airport) When you arrive at a hotel, you check in ; and when
Check out Pay bill and leave (a hotel) ‫مغادرة الفندق‬ you want to leave you check out.
Cheer up Feel or make sb happier ‫يبتهج‬ You can always cheer up Sarah when she is sad.
Come across Find or meet by chance ‫ يلتقي صدفة‬،‫يصادف‬ She came across some old photos in a drawer.
Cut down To reduce ‫يقلل‬ I’ve to cut down on the amount of sweets I eat.
Do over Do sth again ‫يعيد فعل شيء‬ Please do over this report and make it more concise.
Dress up To wear ‫يرتدي زيا‬ You need to dress up for our wedding tonight.
Drop in To visit sb unexpectedly. ‫يزور‬ Drop in whenever you want—I'll be home all day.
Eat out Eat outside (restaurant) ‫يأكل خارج المنزل‬ Let's eat out tonight—I don't feel like cooking.
Eat up eat all of something Come on. Eat up your potatoes.
Fill in To complete (a form) ‫يمل‬ You have to fill in the form before e-mailing it.
Find out To discover (information) ‫يكتشف‬ We’ll never find out the truth about what happened.
Give up 1) Stop ‫يتوقف عن – يتخلى‬ ▪ You must give up smoking. It’s harmful
2) surrender ‫يستسلم‬ ▪ Don’t give up! You can do it.
Go through experience something She's been going through a bad time recently.
Hand in To submit (homework) ‫يسلم‬ Please hand in your papers before Friday.
Hand out To distribute ‫يوزع‬ The teacher handed out the test papers.
Jot down write something quickly )‫يكتب (بعجالة‬ I'll just jot down the address for you.
Keep up (with) Continue/go at same speed It’s so hard to keep up with technology.
Lock out Prevent from entering He locked him out of the house after an argument.
Log in/ log out Sign in/ sing out ‫تسجيل الدخول الخروج‬ Log in to Facebook and then log out.
Long for To want sth very much ‫يريد شيئا بشدة‬ I'm longing for news of him.
Look after take care of ‫يعتني‬ women who stay at home to look after children.
Look for search ‫يبحث‬ I’m looking for Jim. Have you seen him?
Look forward to to feel excited about sth ‫يتطلع إلى‬ I'm looking forward to the weekend.
that is going to happen: I look forward to hearing from you.
Look up look for information/ ‫يبحث عن كلمة أو‬ Look up the meaning of this word in the dictionary.
word in a book … ... ‫معلومة في كتاب‬
Make up to invent a story ‫يختلق‬ He made up some excuse about being sick.
Pass away die ‫يموت‬ Hassan 2 passed away in 1999.
Pass out Faint, be unconscious ‫ يفقد وعيه‬،‫يغمي عليه‬ I was hit on the head and passed out.
Put off postpone ‫يؤجل‬ Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.
Put out extinguish a fire … ... ‫ شمعة‬،‫يطفئ نارا‬ It took firefighters 3 hours to put the blaze out.
Put up Accommodate ‫استضاف‬ I didn’t go to a hotel, some friends put me up.
Put up with tolerate, bear or support ‫يتحمل )تصرف‬ I'm too tired to put up with any nonsense
Run into to start to have a problem The bank ran into financial difficulties.
Set up start a business etc. ‫يقيم – ينشئ‬ We set up an English club in our school.
Show up To be present Why didn’t you show up for class today?
Sneak out leave furtively and stealthily ‫يخرج خلسة‬
Sump up Summarize ‫ يلخص‬To sum up, pollution is our responsibility.
Take off 1) Remove clothes ‫ ▪ يخلع‬Take your shoes off before entering the mosque.
2) Leave the ground )‫ ▪ تقلع (الطائرة‬The plane has just taken off.
Take up start doing sth new(hobby) They've taken up golf.
Turn down 1) decrease volume ‫) يخفض الصوت‬1 The TV is too loud, please turn the volume down.
2) refuse ‫) يرفض‬2 How could you turn down such a fantastic job?
Watch out Be careful ‫ انتبه‬Watch out for thieves round here.

English for Bac 8 Abdelghafour Raquibi

 Other phrasal verbs: pick up, let out, take out, write down, speak up, let in, pull out, stay out, come out, knock out

Phrasal verbs consist of a verb and a particle (preposition or adverb) or, sometimes, two particles. The particle
often changes the meaning of the verb:
I called Jen to see how she was. (call = to telephone)
They've called off the meeting. (call off = to cancel)
SEPARABLE VS INSEPARABLE: phrasal verbs can be separable (the verb and particle can be apart or
together) or non-separable (the verb and particle cannot be separated)
❖ Separable: Kamal took off his jacket - Kamal took his jacket off.
separable phrasal verbs MUST be separated when you use a pronoun: Kamal took it off (Kamal took off it.)
❖ Non-separable: he got off the bus (but we can’t say: he got the buss off)

Exercises
❖ Click here for Inetractive exercise
1) Complete the sentences using the right phrasal verb from the following:
do without, look forward to, run out, put up with
a) I …………………………………………... seeing my friends again.
b) I'm afraid; we have …………………..……………… of apple juice. Will an orange juice do?
c) His mother can't …………………… his terrible behavior anymore.
d) I just cannot …………………………..…………… my mobile. I always keep it with me.

2) Complete the phrasal verbs with the correct particle: down - in - on- off- For - up- away
a) I don't know where my book is. I must look ………….…..….. it.
b) Fill ……………………. the form, please.
c) If you don't know this word, you can look it ..……… in a dictionary
d) When you enter the house, take ……. your shoes and put ……….. your slippers.
3) Write the appropriate phrasal verbs according to their meanings in brackets.
a) Somebody has to ……………………………………. the baby. (Take care of)
b) She wants to ……………………………………….……... the truth? (Discover)
c) The firemen ……………………………………………… the fire. (Extinguish).
d) Why don't you …………………………………...……………… ? (Take a seat)

4) fill the gaps with an appropriate phrasal verb:

turn down – put off – switch on – make up – carry on – take off – hand in– hand out-
stand for – come across – bring about – look up – look after – apply for – put up- pick up

a) The students started doing the test after the teacher…….…………………………….………the papers.
b) When students find difficult words, they have can………………..……them…………...in a dictionary.
c) What does NGO………………………………………….……..? It’s Non-Governmental Organisations.
d) My uncle Brahim…………………….……………..American accent when he was working in the USA.
e) Don’t believe what he says. She likes to …………………………………………………………..stories.

5) fill the gaps with an appropriate phrasal verb.

a) I am …………………..………….our trip to France. We’re leaving next month.
a) bringing about b) coping with c) looking forward to
b) Bill proposed to marry Sue but she …………………………….his proposal.
a) broke down b) turned down c) calmed down

English for Bac 9 Abdelghafour Raquibi

 Noun Suffixes
Suffix Nouns
-tion Emancipate- organize- globalize- repudiate- Emancipation- organization- globalization- repudiation-
-ance Assist- differ- govern- ignore- resist- confer- Assistance- difference- governance- ignorance- resistance-
-ence depend- dominate- exist, prominent conference- dependence- dominance- existence, prominence
-ism Terror- feminine- criticize- sex- race Terrorism- feminism- criticism- sexism- racism
-ity/-ty Unite- active- inferior- equal- responsible- Unity- activity- inferiority- equality- responsibility
-ment Require- improve- manage- employ Requirement- improvement- management- employment
-ness Rich- kind- happy- useful Richness- kindness- happiness- usefulness
-dom Free- king- bored- wise Freedom- kingdom- boredom- wisdom
-hood Child- man- neighbor Childhood- manhood- neighborhood
-ship Friend- relation- member- leader Friendship- relationship- membership- leadership
-er/-or Teach- write- direct Teacher- writer- director
Other noun suffixes: -ry (ministry), -sion (decision), - age (marriage), –al (refusal)
Adjective Suffixes
Suffix Adjectives
-al center, nation, option, profession central, national, optional, professional
-ent differ, depend, excel different, dependent, excellent
-ive Attract, imagine, attractive, imaginative,
-ous Continue, danger, fame continuous, dangerous, famous
-ful beauty, peace, care, power beautiful, peaceful, careful, powerful
-less job, home, care, thought jobless, homeless, careless, thoughtless
-able/ible drink, count, renew, responsibility drinkable, countable, renewable, responsible
-ic Islam, history, romance, economy, hero Islamic, historic, romantic, economic, heroic
-ish Britain- child- girl British, childish, girlish
-ary Revolution, second, volunteer Revolutionary, secondary, voluntary
Other adjective suffixes: -y (cloudy – rainy) , -ly (daily, monthly) , -en (golden, broken), -ory (compulsory)
Verb Suffixes
Suffix Verbs
-ate Active- calculation, celebration Activate-calculate- celebrate
-en Wide- short- strength- threat Widen- shorten- strengthen- threaten
-ify Simple- beauty- diverse Simplify- beautify- diversify- justify- clarify
-ise/-ize Modern-summary- apology Modernize- summarize- apologize
Adverb Suffixes
Suffix Adverbs
-ly Quick- easy- normal- kind Quickly- easily- normally- kindly
Other adverb suffixes: -wise (clockwise, edgewise, otherwise); -ward(s) (downwards, upwards)
Prefixes
Prefix Meaning Example Prefix Meaning Example
Un-In-Ir- Not Unhappy – incomplete – irregular super more than, superpower, superman
Il-Im-Dis- Illiterate – impossible - Disagree above
De- do the opposite Deselect – Deactivate Non- Not Non-governmental
Mis- Wrongly/ badly Mislead - misuse Ex- Former ex-president – ex-wife
Auto- By oneself Automatic - autograph Re- Do again Reread – return- rewrite
Self- By oneself Self-confident, self -educated Sub- Under Sub-title - subway
Pre- Before Prehistoric – pre-teach Co- Together Co-existence – co-manage
Post- After Postpone – post-war Bi- Two Bicycle – bilingual
Anti- Against Antivirus – antibiotic Out- More than Outweigh – outnumber
Pro- In favor of / for Pro-abortion – proslavery Semi- Half Semi-final – semi-circular
Over- Too much/ Over-crowded – over-populated Multi- Many Multimedia -
Under- Not enough/little Underpaid – underdeveloped Mono- One Monologue - monolingual

English for Bac 10 Abdelghafour Raquibi

Gifts of youth
Give the correct forms of the words in brackets.
1. passionate 2. vigour 3. responsible 4. enthusiasm

Humour:
A. Match the words that go together to make appropriate collocations.
1- C 2- E 3- B 4- D 5- A
B. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words or expressions from the list.
B. comedian C. frustrated
A. boring A. laughter

Women and Power:

Match the words with the corresponding definitions
1- C 2- D 3- A 4- E 5-B

Culture
1) Match the words with the corresponding antonyms.
1- C 2- B 3- D 4- A 5- E

2) Match the words that go together to make appropriate collocations.

1- E 3- A 5- F
2- B 4- D 6-C
3) Fill in the gaps with appropriate words or expressions from the list
a) Citizenship b) Stereotype c) Customs

Citizenship
Provide the appropriate word for each of the following definitions. (from the list)
1. Censorship 2. Volunteering 3. Trade Union 4. Citizen

Phrasal Verbs

1) Complete the sentences using the right phrasal verb from the following:
a) look forward to b) run out c) put up with d) do without

2) Complete the phrasal verbs with the correct particle: down - in - on- off- For - up- away
a) look for b) Fill in c) look up d) take off /put on

3) Write the appropriate phrasal verbs according to their meanings in brackets.

a) Look after b) Find out c) Put out d) Sit down

English for Bac 11 Abdelghafour Raquibi

 Tense Form Use1 Key words
always, every
A I work. He works. Repeated/regular action in the present …, normally
Simple
N I don’t work. He doesn’t work. General validity seldom,
Present sometimes,
Q Do I work? Does he work? Actions happening one after the other
usually
at the moment,
A I am working. He is working. Action currently taking place
Present just, just now,
N I am not working. He isn’t working. Action limited to a particular timeframe
Continuous Listen! Look!,
Q Am I working? Is he working? Already planned future action now, right now
A single or repeated action in the past yesterday, 2
A I worked. He worked.
Simple Actions happening one after the other minutes ago, in
N I didn’t work. He didn’t work.
Past Q Did I work? Did he work?
A new action that interrupts an action that 1990, the other
was already taking place day, last Friday
Emphasis on the process of an action taking
place in the past
A I was working. We were working.
Past Multiple actions taking place at the same while, as long
N I wasn’t working. We weren’t working.
continuous Q Was I working were we working?
time as
An action that was taking place when
interrupted by a new action
The result is emphasised
Action that lasts to the present moment
already, ever,
A I have worked. He has worked. Action that has just been completed
Present just, never, not
N I haven’t worked. He hasn’t worked. Completed action with influence on the
Perfect yet, so far, till
Q Have I worked? Has he worked? present now, up to now
An action that has never/once/more than once
taken place up to the time of speaking
Action taking place before a certain time in already, just,
A I had worked. He had worked.
Past the past never, not yet,
N I hadn’t worked. He hadn’t worked..
Perfect Emphasises only the fact that something took once, until that
Q Had I worked? Had he worked? day
place before a certain point in the past
Simple A I will work. He will work. Events in the future that cannot be influenced
in a year, next
Future N I won’t work. He won’t work. Spontaneous decision
…, tomorrow
(Will) Q Will I work? Will he work? Suppositions about the future
A I will have worked. He will have worked. By+ time (by
Future Action that will have been completed by a
N I won’t have worked. He won’t have worked Monday …),
Perfect Q Will I have worked? Will he have worked?
future time in a week
A= Affirmative – N= Negative – Q= Question (interrogative)
Put the verbs between brackets in the correct form or tense
Exercises
last year I (not work) ………………..……… hard enough in English a) “It’s the best novel I (read /ever) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
and my marks (not be) ………………..……… very good. During my . . . . !” Antonio told the teacher.
last summer holidays, my parents (send) ………………..……… me
b) By this time next week, Younes (join) . . . . . . . . . . .
to a language course in London. It (be) ………………..……… great . . . . . . . . . the summer camp in Ifrane.
and I think I (learn) ………………..……… a lot. While I (do)
………………..……… the language course, I met lots of young c) “(you/visit). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the Louvre
people from all over the world. Museum when you were in Paris last summer?”
At the moment I (revise) ………………..……… English grammar. d) Amine (work) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . as an
And I (already/ begin) ………………..……… to read the texts in my engineer before he emigrated to Canada.
English textbooks again. I think I (study) one unit every week.
e) The officer ordered the driver (stop)
………………….. and get out of the car.

1
Retrieved from https://english.lingolia.com/en/grammar/tenses/overview

English for Bac 12 Abdelghafour Raquibi

 Direct Speech Reported Speech
Present Simple Kamal: “I am happy.” Past Simple Kamal said (that) he was happy.
Present “Badr is having lunch with his Past He said that Badr was having lunch with his
Continuous. parents.” Continuous. parents.
Present Perfect “We have been to France three times.” Past Perfect He said (that) they had been to France three times.
Present Perfect “My brother has been working very Past Perfect
He said his brother had been working very hard.
Continuous hard.” Continuous
Past Simple “I bought a new car.” Past Perfect He told me that he had bought a new car.
Past Perfect
Past Continuous “It was raining earlier.” He said that it had been raining earlier.
Continuous
NO TENSE CHANGE
Past Perfect “The play had started.” Past Perfect
He said that the paly had started.
Past Perfect Past Perfect NO TENSE CHANGE
“I had been writing my CV”
Continuous Continuous He said (that) he had been writing his CV.

Will I will come and see you soon. Would He said he would come and see me soon.
I can swim under water for two
Can Could He said he could swim under water for two minutes.
minutes.
Must All tickets must be bought in advance. Had To He said that all tickets had to be bought in advance.
Shall What shall we do about it? Should He asked what we should do about it.
May May I go out? Might He asked if he might go out.

Direct Speech Reported Speech Direct Speech Reported Speech

Now then I / you (subject) she / he
Today/ Tonight that day/ that day we / you (subject) they
me / you (object) him / her
Here there
us / you (object) Them
This that
These Those my / your his / her
Tomorrow the following day /the next day /the day after mine / yours his / hers
our / your their
Yesterday the previous day /the day before
ours / yours theirs
Next (week) the following week/ the week after
Last (week) the previous week /the week before
❖ Click here for
Ago before
(2 days) ago (2 days) before Interactive Exercise

Exercises

Rewrite the following sentences in reported speech.

1. “Someone is following me now.” Najat told me
➢Najat told me that …………………………………….………………………………………………………………………
2. “I will have to write to your parents this week.”
➢She explained that ………………………………………….…………………………...……………………………………
3. “I know we don’t have enough money today.”
➢She stated that ………………………………………………...……………………………...………………………………
4. “I have been learning German this year.”
➢She said ……………………………………………..……………………………..…………………………………………
5. “I must finish this report by five o’clock.”
➢He said that ……………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………

English for Bac 13 Abdelghafour Raquibi

 REPORTING COMMANDS, ADVICE, REQUESTS …
Direct Speech Reported Speech
Reporting verb+ object+ infinitive (to+ verb / not to+ verb)
“ Open the door !” the officer ordered the man. The officer ordered the man to open the door.
“ Keep away from negative people,” my coach told me. My coach told me to keep away from negative people.
“ Don’t eat any more junk food,” the doctor advised my brother. The doctor advised my brother not to eat any more junk food.
“ Never walk alone at night” the mother warned her daughter. The mother warned her daughter not to walk alone at night.
“ Please keep the noise down,” the lady downstairs asked us. The lady downstairs asked us to keep the noise down.
Reporting verbs : ordered, warned, told, advised, asked, reminded, encouraged, commanded, begged, promised …
Reporting verb+ infinitive (to+ verb / not to+ verb)
“ I will buy you a new computer soon ,” my father promised. My father promised to buy me a new computer soon.
“Would you like me to fix your car?” the mechanic said The mechanic offered to fix my car.
Reporting verbs: agreed – decided - offered – promised – refused – threatened …
Reporting verb +(preposition)+ gerund
“I didn’t steal the bike” Mark told the police Mark denied stealing the bike.
“why don’t we go to Ourika.” Omar said Omar suggested going to Ourika.
“I’m sorry I’m late” Hind apologized Hind apologized for being late.
Reporting verbs: apologized for, insisted on, suggested, recommended, denied,

REPORTING QUESTIONS
Direct Speech Reported Speech
YES - NO QUESTIONS

Reporting verb+ (object) + if + sentence (Subject+ verb)

“Are you a student?” He asked me.
“Do you live here?” She wanted to know.
“Is she coming to the party tonight?” Her friend asked me.
“Are you Moroccan or Algerian?” They asked him.
“Did you do your homework last night?” Ali wanted to know
“Have you seen my keys?” The boss asked the secretary.
“Can you swim now?” He wanted to know.
“Will you stay with me tomorrow please?” She asked me.
Reporting verb+ (object) + question word + sentence (Subject+ verb)
QUESTIONS
He asked me if I was a student.
He wanted to know if I lived there.
Her friend asked me if she was coming to the party that night.
They asked him if he was Moroccan or Algerian.
Ali wanted to know if I had done my homework the night before.
The boss asked the secretary if she had seen his keys.
He wanted to know if I could swim then.
She asked me if I would stay with her the following day.

“Where does she live?” The old man wanted to know The old man wanted to know where she lived.
WH-

“What did you eat for dinner yesterday?” He asked them.
“When are you leaving?” She wanted to know.
“Why is the baby crying?” The old woman was wondering.
“ How have you managed to finish on time ? ” they wondered
Reporting verbs: asked, wanted to know, wondered
He asked them what they had eaten for dinner the day before.
She wanted to know when I was leaving.
The old woman was wondering why the baby was crying.
They wondered how I had managed to finish on time.

Exercises
Rewrite the sentences beginning with the words given. ( From Baccalaureate national exams)
“Don’t worry about the medical tests” The nurse told the patient ………………………
“Can you show me how to use the tablet, please?” Tom asked. Tom asked me……………………………………………
“Where can I find a French dictionary?” Tim asked. Tim asked the librarian ………………………………………
“When did you see the victim?” The victim asked the witness The detective wanted to know ……………………………
“I will move to another town” Narjiss said Narjiss told her neighbor that ………………………………
“you did well in the competition” the coach said The coach told the swimmers ………………………………..
“I have already read that novel” Rebecca said Rebecca said ……………………………………………….
“I will take her suggestion into consideration” Jack said Jack promised ……………………………………………

1. “Put your hands up!” The policeman ordered them.
2. "How did you spend your last holiday?" She asked him.
3. “Don’t open that box,” the father warned his son.
4. "When will we take the exam? " The students wondered.
5. “Don’t leave your luggage here,” she reminded her.
6. “Do you want tea or coffee? " My friend asked me.
7. “Did you go to school yesterday? " Youssra asked Aya.
8. "Where is the train station? " A tourist wanted to know.
1. "I saw Maria in the supermarket yesterday," Amal said
2. "We've lived here for three years,” Anas and Nada said
3. "I will bring you tea, " the waiter told the clients.
4. "Jenny can't speak French," Pierre says.
5. "I need your car tomorrow," he told me .
6. "My mother made this cake, " Imane said .
7. "I'm feeling bored today, ” David complained
8. "The criminal has run away, ” the police officer stated.

English for Bac 14 Abdelghafour Raquibi

 Function Present Examples Past Examples
▪ You must respect your parents. I had to wear a uniform
Obligation ▪ Must
▪ A Muslim has to fast during Had to when I was a student.
‫اإللزام‬ ▪ Have to*
Ramadan.
▪ You mustn’t eat in the Couldn’t In the past, women couldn’t
Prohibition ▪ Mustn’t
classroom. Weren’t allowed vote.
‫المنع‬ ▪ Can’t
▪ Muslims can’t drink alcohol. to
▪ Don’t have He doesn’t have to hurry. You didn’t have to buy the
Lack of obligation
to* We’ve plenty of time. Didn’t have to tickets. The show was free.
‫عدم اإللزام‬
▪ Needn’t
Ability ‫القدرة‬ ▪ Can Birds can fly. could When I was 9, I could run.
▪ Can’t Jihan couldn’t speak
Inability ‫عدم القدرة‬ Elephants can’t fly. Couldn’t
(cannot) English when she was seven.
Ali: I’m sick. What should I Son: I got a bad mark.
▪ Should do? Father: You should’ve
Advice Should have
▪ Ought to Najib: you ought to see a prepared well for the exam.
‫النصيحة‬ (+ pp**)
▪ Had better doctor.
Hamza: you’d better hurry up.
Possibility ‫إمكانية‬ ▪ Might /May It might rain later. Take an I haven’t received your
Might have
Probability ‫احتمالية‬ ▪ Can /could umbrella. (+ pp)letter. It might have got lost.
You’ve just had lunch. You Jim couldn’t have taken
Deduction(Impossibility) Can’t have+pp
▪ Can’t can’t be hungry. your camera as he wasn’t
)‫استنتاج (االستحالة‬ Couldn’t have
there.
Deduction(certainty) Samir has a Ferrari. He must Must have Our teacher was absent. He
▪ Must
)‫استنتاج (اليقين‬ be rich. (+pp) must have been sick.
Permission ▪ Can ▪ Can I use your phone? * Have to (and its negative “don’t have to”) is
‫اإلذن‬ ▪ May ▪ May I borrow your dictionary? not a modal verb.
Making requests ▪ Can /Could ▪ Could you help me, please? ** +pp = modal + have + past participle
‫الطلب‬ ▪ Would /will ▪ Will you marry me? ❖ modal verbs never change (we don’t add –s
Preference ‫ ▪ التفضيل‬Would rather I’d rather stay here than go out. –ed or –ing to them): He might come.
Suggestion ‫اإلقتراح‬ ▪ shall What shall we do this weekend? ❖ Modal verbs + Bare infinitive

Exercises

A) complete with the appropriate modals from the table.

1. As a Muslim, you ……………………………….. eat pork or drink alcohol.
2. ………………….. I use your laptop to do some research?
3. Moroccans ……………………….. get a visa to go to Turkey. It’s not necessary.
4. My wife and I ………………….. travel to USA next year. We are really not sure.

B) Underline the mistake and correct it

D. We don’t must throw rubbish here.
A. You should to revise you lessons.
E. Do you can play chess?
B. Students must doing their homework.
F.We don’t must throw rubbish here.
C. Najwa could speaks 5 languages.

Modals in National Exams: C) Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words from the lists

A. We ……………………………take the bus to the stadium; we can go on foot. (need to- need- needn’t). (Bac 2016)
B. “You ……...……………………….………give up smoking; your heart is too weak”. (can- may- must). (Bac 2016)
C. You ………......…….buy a ticket for the match; I have got two invitations. (wouldn’t- can’t- needn’t). (BAC 2017)
D. I can’t find my phone. I ……………………………...……….have left it at home. (Might- will- need). (Bac 2017)

English for Bac 15 Abdelghafour Raquibi

 ACTIVE PASSIVE
Present Simple Ali writes books. Books are written by Ali.
Past Simple Ali wrote books. Books were written by Ali.
Present Continuous Ali is writing books. Books are being written by Ali.
Past Continuous Ali was writing books. Books were being written by Ali.
Present Perfect Ali has written books. Books have been written by Ali.
Past Perfect Ali had written books. Books had been written by Ali.
Will Ali will write books. Books will be written by Ali.
Going To Ali is going to write books. Books are going to be written by Ali.
Passive voice with modals (modal+ be + past participle)
Should Ali should write books. Books should be written by Ali.
Must People must respect the law. The law must be respected by people.
should He can’t open the bottle. The bottle can’t be opened (by him).
May The team may win a prize. A prize may be won (by the team).

Ali writes books.

Books are written (by Ali)

(passive Voice): ‫( الى المبني للمجهول‬active voice) ‫لكي نحول جملة من المبني للمعلوم‬
)books ‫) (الذي هو‬Object( ‫ نبدأ بالمفعول به‬-1
)are ‫ في المضارع أيضا‬be ‫ في المضارع وبالتالي‬writes ( .‫ في نفس زمن الفعل الذي عندنا في الجملة األصلية‬to be ‫ نضع الفعل‬-2
)write written ( ‫ للفعل األساسي في الجملة‬past participle ‫ نكتب صيغة الــ‬-3

Exercises

Rewrite the following sentences in passive voice.

a) He told the children a beautiful story.
..................................................................................................................................................................................................
b) They showed me the new computer yesterday.
..................................................................................................................................................................................................
c) They will open the new sports centre soon.
..................................................................................................................................................................................................
d) Andrew hasn't cut the grass yet.
..................................................................................................................................................................................................
e) Sue didn’t ask the waiter to bring some water.
..................................................................................................................................................................................................
f) A boy delivers our newspaper every morning.
..................................................................................................................................................................................................
g) The company has published an interesting book.
..................................................................................................................................................................................................

English for Bac 16 Abdelghafour Raquibi

 Cause Effect
Linking word Example Linking word Example
▪ because − I stayed at home because it was ▪ so − It was raining, so I stayed at home.
▪ as raining. ▪ therefore, − It was raining; therefore, I stayed
▪ since − Because it was raining, I stayed at ▪ consequently, home.
+Sentence home. ▪ as a result, − There was a lot of traffic; thus, we
(Subject+ verb…) − He may need some help as he’s new. ▪ as a consequence, were late.
− Since I was tired, I slept so early. ▪ thus, − She worked hard. As a result, she had
▪ because of − I stayed at home because of the rain. ▪ hence, good grades.
▪ due to − I stayed at home because of the fact ▪ this is why − She's just found out she failed her
▪ owing to that it was raining. ▪ for this reason exams, hence her bad mood.
▪ thanks to − We were able to feed everybody ▪ because of this
thanks to your generous donation.
+ Noun phrase

▪ result from − Success results from hard work. ▪ cause − Smoking causes many health
▪ be caused by − Global warming is caused by pollution. ▪ result in problems.
▪ the cause of… is … −One cause of underdevelopment is ▪ leads to − Hard work results in success.
▪ the reason for … is … illiteracy. ▪ the result of … is … − Hard work leads to success.
▪ one cause of … is … − High unemployment is a result of the
recession.

Exercises

1) circle the correct linking word

1. Amanda was absent because / because of her illness.
2. As/ Owing to Lucy was very tired, she went to bed early.
3. We were hungry, so/ due to we stopped at a restaurant.
4. The player broke his leg. Therefore, / since he can’t play.

2) Complete with the appropriate item from the table

1. Schools were shut ……….…….…………………..…… a heavy snow storm.
2. Ali missed the bus ………………………………………………he woke up late.
3. It was very cold ……………….…………………… we closed the windows.
4. His bad mood ……………………………………….. the loss of his daughter.

3) Join the pairs of sentences with the linking words given.

1. Tom and his wife needed money. they decided to work over time (because)
……………………...………………………………………………………………………….………………………………

2. The kid was audacious. The kid got a medal. (thanks to)
……………………………………………………………………………………..……………..…………………………

3. The student cheated in the exam. the teacher punished her (therefore)
……………………………………………………….…………………………………………………...……………………

4. We can’t go out. The weather is bad. (due to)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. He exercised regularly. He didn't want to be overweight. (since)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

English for Bac 17 Abdelghafour Raquibi

 Linking words Example
‫رغم أن‬ Tom is rich. He is unhappy.
Although ▪ Although Tom is rich, he is unhappy. / Tom is unhappy although he is rich.
Even though ▪ Even though Tom is rich, he is unhappy.
Though ▪ Though Tom is rich , he is unhappy.
but, Tom is rich, but he is unhappy.
However, ▪ Tom is rich. However, he is unhappy/ Tom is rich; However, he is unhappy
Yet, ▪ the path was dark, yet I found my way.
Nevertheless, ▪ It’s a difficult race. Nevertheless, 1,000 runners participate every year.
Nonetheless, ▪ The book is too long but, nonetheless, informative and entertaining.
still ▪ The weather was cold and wet. Still, we had a great time.
‫بالرغم من‬ The weather was bad. We went on a picnic to Imlil.
Despite + noun / phrase ▪ Despite the bad weather, we went on a picnic to Imlil.
In spite of + noun/ phrase ▪ We went on a picnic to Imlil in spite of the bad weather.
Despite the fact that ▪ We went on a picnic to Imlil despite the fact that the weather was bad.
In spite of the fact that ▪ She was good at physics in spite of the fact that she found it boring.
▪ In spite of the fact that he studied very hard, he still didn’t pass the exam.
• On the contrary, ‫ • على العكس‬What you did wasn't a good thing; on the contrary it was a huge mistake.
• Whereas ‫بينما – في حين‬ • The old system was complicated whereas the new system is really very simple.
• on the one hand ... on the • On the one hand I'd like a job that pays more, but on the other hand I enjoy the work I'm
other hand doing at the moment.

1) Rewrite the following using the given linking words

a) The marks are high. The students’ level is low.
Although……………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) It was dark. He managed to find the keys.

Despite……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………………………………………………………..

c) He got up early. He arrived late to school.

……………………………………………….…………………………. . However, ………………………………..………………………………………………………………….

d) Tim is in good shape. He doesn’t exercise a lot.

……………………………………………………………….…………………..…… . Nevertheless,……………………………………….…………………………………….

e) Samira was sad. She kept smiling and having fun.

……………………………………………………………….……….in spite of………………………………………………………….…………..………………………………….
2) Join the pairs of sentences with the linking words given.

a) Learning English will help you in your career. It will help you learn about other cultures. (in addition)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) We took the train. We didn’t arrive on time. (although )
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c) The salary wasn’t great. I took the job. (yet )
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

English for Bac 18 Abdelghafour Raquibi

 Function Linking Words Translation Example sentences
Addition in addition, /additionally ‫إضافة إلى ذلك‬ Computers are cheaper nowadays; furthermore, they are
furthermore / moreover, ‫عالوة على ذلك‬ lighter.
‫اإلضافة‬ ‫أيضا‬ I'm cold, and I'm also hungry and tired.
also / too/ as well
Cause Because / as/ since ‫ألن‬ I stayed at home because it was raining.
Because of /due to /owing to ‫بسبب‬ I stayed at home because of the rain.
‫السبب‬ Thanks to ‫بفضل‬ Thanks to this treatment, her condition has improved.

Therefore / consequently, ‫وبناء عليه‬ It was raining, therefore I stayed at home.

Effect/ Result as a result, ‫ونتيجة لذلك‬ She worked hard. As a result, she had good grades.
thus/ hence, ‫وبالتالي‬ There was a lot of traffic; thus, we were late.
‫النتيجة‬
this is why ‫لذلك‬ She's just found out she failed her exams, hence her bad
for this reason, ‫لهذا السبب‬ mood.
Although /Even though ‫رغم أن‬ even though he is rich, he lives in a small house.
but ‫لكن‬ “He works hard, but he doesn’t earn much.”
However, / Nevertheless, ‫ومع ذلك‬ The problems are not serious. Nonetheless, we shall need
Nonetheless to tackle them soon.
Still / Yet It was raining, yet we went for a walk.
Contrast and
Despite / In spite of ‫ رغم‬/ ‫بالرغم من‬ In spite of the rain, we went for a walk.
Concession
Despite the fact that We went for a walk despite the rain.
‫االستدراك‬ In spite of the fact that We went for walk despite the fact that it was raining.
‫والتناقض‬ On the contrary/ conversely ‫ في‬/‫على العكس‬ The risk of infection hasn’t diminished. on the contrary, it
/ In contrast ‫المقابل‬ has increased.
Whereas/ while ‫بينما – في حين‬ Life in the city is fast, whereas life in the countryside is
slow.
on the one hand ... on the Laptops are convenient; on the other hand, they can be
other hand ‫ ومن‬... ‫من جهة‬ expensive.
‫جهة أخرى‬
First /, second /, third ..‫ ثالتا‬،‫ ثانيا‬،‫أوال‬ Firstly, you should exercise regularly. Secondly, you need
firstly, secondly, thirdly to cut down on fast food. Thirdly, you have to see a doctor
Sequencing regularly. Last but not least, you should have a balanced
To begin with / First of all
‫ بادئ ذي بدْء‬/‫بداية‬ diet.
‫التسلسل‬ Next/ then/ after that
‫ بعد ذلك‬،‫ثم‬
Last/ Lastly/ Finally
‫أخيرا‬
Last but not least
ً ‫أخيرا ً وليس آخرا‬
Summarizing In conclusion ‫ختاما‬ To sum up, there are three main ways of tackling the
To sum up/ in brief ‫خالصة‬ problem…
Concluding In a nutshell, In a nutshell, we are all responsible for the protection of
generally speaking, environment.
‫الختم والتلخيص‬ ‫عموما‬

Explaining For example ‫على سبيل المثال‬ Many countries, for example/ such as Mexico and Japan,
For instance ‫على سبيل المثال‬ have a lot of earthquakes.
And giving Like / Such as ‫مثل‬ “There are 2 problems: namely, the cost and the time.”
examples Namely ‫تحديدا‬ He was economical with the truth; in other words, he lied.
in other words, / to put it ‫بعبارة أخرى‬ I’ll deal with the second point first, that is to say the
‫الشرح والتفسير‬ differently, change to the club’s rules.
‫وإعطاء االمثلة‬ that is to say
‫ أي‬/‫هذا يعني‬

English for Bac 19 Abdelghafour Raquibi

 Purpose In order to / so as to ‫ لكي‬/‫من أجل‬ He gave up a permanent job in order to freelance.
In order not to/ so as not to ‫لكي ال‬ I agreed to her suggestion in order not to upset her.
‫الغاية‬ So that ‫لكي‬ I've reorganized my files so that I can easily find them.

as a matter of fact, / in fact ‫في الحقيقة‬ It's not that difficult. As a matter of fact, it's quite easy.
Emphasis
Undoubtedly ‫بدون شك‬ Undoubtedly, this topic is very important.
‫التوكيد‬ Particularly / in particular ‫خصوصا‬ I love coffee, in particular ones from Brazil
Especially ‫خاصة‬ The car is quite small, especially if you have children.
Similarly, / likewise ‫وبالمثل‬ Alex enjoys telling jokes; in the same way/similarly, his
Comparison equally ‫على حد السواء‬ son adores funny stories.
in the same way, ‫بنفس الطريقة‬ Tajin was delicious. Likewise, the salad was yummy.
‫المقارنة‬
by the same token, ‫على نفس المنوال‬ Teenagers should be more respectful; by the same token,
parents should be more understanding.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Technology

Technology has many advantages and disadvantages, too. To begin with, technology has made our life easier and more
luxurious. In other words, it helps us save more time and effort. For example, robots and machines will accomplish our
daily work or tasks perfectly and in no time. Also, great inventions, such as the telephone, computers, the television, and the
Internet have made communication easier and better. In addition, we can use these inventions to learn about world news and
events as soon as they happen. Consequently, the world has become a small village. Additionally, technology is good for
our economy. Nowadays, big and small companies use technology to improve the quality of their products or services.

Certainly, technology is always a good thing as long as we use it wisely. However, people shouldn’t be over-dependent
on it. That’s to say, we mustn’t rely on robots and machines to accomplish our work all the time because this will cause
many people to lose their jobs. Furthermore, it can make many people, especially children, take up the bad habit of being
lazy. Besides, Internet addiction is one of the negative outcomes of modern technology. Perhaps, we can say that technology
is a double-edged sword; unless it is used carefully, it can be harmful and destructive. In conclusion, we need to make full
use of the advantages of technology, but we should be aware of its disadvantages, too.

Useful expressions

English French Arabic

1. Nobody can deny that 1. On ne peut pas nier que ‫ ال أحد يستطيع أن ينكر أن‬.1
2. There is no doubt that 2. Il est indubitable que/ Il ne fait aucun doute que ‫ ال شك ان‬.2
3. It’s crystal clear that 3. Il est clair comme de l'eau de roche que ‫ من الواضح أن‬.3
4. It goes without saying that 4. Cela va sans dire que ‫ من البديهي أن‬.4
5. We have to take into consideration 5. Il faut prendre en considération ‫ يجب أن نأخذ بعين االعتبار‬.5
6. To shed light on 6. Faire la lumière sur ‫ لتسليط الضوء على‬.6
7. In view of/in light of 7. Au vu de/ À la lumière de ‫ على ضوء‬.7
8. I’d like to point out that 8. J’aimerais faire remarquer que ‫ أود أن أشير إلى أن‬.8
9. to some extent 9. Dans une certaine mesure ‫ إلى حد ما‬.9
10. all things considered 10. Tout bien considéré ‫ باعتبار كل هذا‬.10
11. Some people think that 11. Il y en a qui pensent que ‫ يعتقد بعض الناس أن‬.11
12. Everyone agrees that 12. Tout le monde s'accorde à penser que ‫ يتفق الكل أن‬.12

English for Bac 20 Abdelghafour Raquibi

 Exercises

❖ Click here for Interactive Exercise

A. Read the sentences and choose the appropriate linking word.
1. Some people are poor,…………they are happy.
D. but E. because F. as a result
2. They robbed a bank ……………a post office.
D. for example E. however F. as well as
3. They get up early ………….not to be late for work.
A. so B. in order C. in addition
4. Kids like playing games ……………………………… PUBG and Free Fire.
A. thus B. because C. such as
5. ………………Suzan lives next door, we rarely see each other.
A. Although B. Due to C. Moreover

B. Join the sentences using the expressions suggested.

Example: The match was postponed. The weather was bad. (due to)
The match was postponed due to bad weather.

1. The house is too small. it’s far away from the center. (moreover)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Peter is wealthy. He does not give alms to the poor. (although)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Fouad is good at math. He is also good at physics (not only …but also)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. He was seriously ill. He refused to see a doctor. (despite)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…
5. Her father wants her to be a businesswoman. Her mother wants her to be a doctor. (whereas)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Many people learn computer skills. They want to get better jobs. (so as to) (BAC 2012)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. The old man was very rich. The young girl refused to marry him. (however)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

C. Rewrite the sentences beginning with the words given.

1. Mr. Parker was poor; however, he managed to educate his kids well. (BAC 2010)
Despite………………………….., ………………………………………………………….…….…..

2. Taha Hussein was blind. Yet, he wrote a lot of books. (Bac 2015)
Although. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. Despite being an expert, Jim couldn’t recover his files from his hard disk. (BAC 2016)
Although Jim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

English for Bac 21 Abdelghafour Raquibi

 The police arrested the man. The man stole my bike.
The police arrested the man who stole my bike.
Main Clause Relative Clause
Relative pronoun

▪ I am reading a book. The book is about Finance.

▪ I am reading a book which is about finance.

Relative
Use Example sentences
pronouns
Subject This is the man who gave me the present.
Who People
Object The boy who we met is coming to visit.
Whom People (Object) The boy whom we met is coming to visit.
Which Things I’m reading the book which you gave me.
Whose Possession He’s a man whose opinion I respect.
The house whose door is painted red is ours.
Where Place Abtih is the school where I study.
When Time Ramadan is the moth when Muslims fast.

Exercises

1. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words from the list [National Exam, 2008]
Who- whom- whose- which- where- when
The United Nations ……………was established soon after the Second World War is an organization ………..….goals
are to solve conflicts among nations and keep peace in the world.

2. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words from the list [National Exam,2009]
Where- which- who- whom- whose
Many Moroccan immigrants …………………….. live abroad would like to return to Morocco………….. they can invest
their money. They have promising projects …………… will certainly help to improve the local economy.

3. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words from the list [National exam, 2013]
Which- whose- whom
- The doctor …………………………………you met yesterday was my classmate.

English for Bac 22 Abdelghafour Raquibi

Tenses
last year I (not work) didn’t work hard enough in English and my marks (not be) weren’t very good. During my last summer
holidays, my parents (send) sent me to a language course in London. It (be) was great and I think I (learn) learnt a lot. while I (do)
was doing the language course, I met lots of young people from all over the world.
At the moment I (revise) am revising English grammar. And I (already/ begin) have already begun to read the texts in my English
textbooks again. I think I (study) will study one unit every week.

a) “It’s the best novel I (read /ever) have ever read !” Antonio told the teacher.
b) By this time next week, Younes (join) will have joined the summer camp in Ifrane.
c) “(you/visit) Did you visit the Louvre Museum when you were in Paris last summer?”
d) Amine (work) had worked as an engineer before he emigrated to Canada.
e) The officer ordered the driver (stop) to stop and get out of the car.

Reported Speech
1. “Don’t worry about the medical tests”
➢ The nurse told the patient not to worry about the medical tests.
2. “Can you show me how to use the tablet, please?” Tom asked.
➢ Tom asked me to show him how to use the tablet.
3. “Where can I find a French dictionary?” Tim asked.
➢ Tim asked the librarian where he could find a French dictionary.
4. “When did you see the victim?” The victim asked the witness
➢ The detective wanted to know when the witness had seen the victim.
5. “I will move to another town” Narjiss said
➢ Narjiss told her neighbor that she would move to another town.
6. “you did well in the competition” the coach said
➢ The coach told the swimmers that they had done well in the competition.
7. “I have already read that novel” Rebecca said
➢ Rebecca said that she had already read that novel.
8. “I will take her suggestion into consideration” Jack said
➢ Jack promised to take her suggestion into consideration.
➢ Jack promised that he would take her suggestion into consideration.

Modals
Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words from the lists
a) We needn’t take the bus to the stadium; we can go on foot. (need to- need- needn’t). (Bac 2016)
b) “You must give up smoking; your heart is too weak”. (can- may- must). (Bac 2016)
c) You needn’t buy a ticket for the match; I have got two invitations. (wouldn’t- can’t- needn’t). (BAC 2017)
d) I can’t find my phone. I might have left it at home. (Might- will- need). (Bac 2017)

Passive Voice
a) The children were told a beautiful story.
b) The new computer was shown to me yesterday. / I was shown the new computer yesterday.
c) The new sport centre will be opened soon.
d) The grass hasn't been cut by Andrew yet.
e) The waiter wasn’t asked to bring some water.
f) Our newspaper is delivered by a boy every morning.
g) An interesting book has been published by the company.

English for Bac 23 Abdelghafour Raquibi

Linking Words

D. Join the sentences using the expressions suggested.

1. The house is too small. it’s far away from the center. (moreover)
➢ The house is too small. Moreover, it’s far away from the center.
2. Peter is wealthy. He does not give alms to the poor. (although)
➢ Although Peter is wealthy, he does not give alms to the poor.
3. Fouad is good at math. He is also good at physics (not only …but also)
➢ Not only is Fouad good at math, but he is also good at physics.
➢ Hicham is not only good at math, but he is also good at physics.
4. He was seriously ill. He refused to see a doctor. (despite)
➢ Despite being seriously ill, he refused to see a doctor.
➢ Despite the fact that he was seriously ill, he refused to see a doctor.
5. Many people learn computer skills. They want to get better jobs. (so as to) (BAC 2012)
➢ Many people learn computer skills so as to get better jobs.
6. The old man was very rich. The young girl refused to marry him. (however)
➢ The old man was very rich. However, the young girl refused to marry him.

Relative Pronouns
Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words from the list
❖ The United Nations which was established soon after the Second World War is an organization whose goals are to solve
conflicts among nations and keep peace in the world.

❖ Many Moroccan immigrants who live abroad would like to return to Morocco where they can invest their money. They
have promising projects which will certainly help to improve the local economy.

❖ The doctor who / whom you met yesterday was my classmate.

English for Bac 24 Abdelghafour Raquibi

 Making a request Accepting a request Declining a request
Can you open the door, please? Sure Sorry, but….
Could you help me with this exercise, please? Yes, of course! I am sorry, but…..
Would you carry this bag for me, please? I’d be glad to. I'm afraid I can't.

Will you be my friend? Certainty. I’d like to, but …

I wonder if you could lend me your car? With pleasure.

Do you mind sharing your Wi-Fi with us? No, I don’t mind. Yes, I do.

Would you mind staying with us? Not at all.

Complaining Accepting a complaint Declining a complaint

I have a complaint to make, …
I’m sorry to say this, but ……
Sorry to bother you, but ….
I’m afraid I have to complain about …
Excuse me, there’s a problem with ….
I’m sorry, that will never happen again. I’m afraid there’s nothing I
I’m awfully sorry, I promise we won’t can do about it.
make the same mistake again. We’re sorry, but that’s not
I can’t tell you how sorry I am. our fault.
I apologize, we’ll see how we can fix it.

Apologizing Accepting an apology

I am really sorry about …. That’s ok!

I am terribly/ awfully sorry … Don’t worry about it.
Please, forgive me for …. No problem
I apologize for ……….. It’s all right!
Please accept my sincere apologies for ... You don’t have to apologize.

Asking for Advice Giving Advice

What should I do? You should …./ you shouldn’t …
What ought I to do? You ought to …
What do you advise me to do? I advise you to …
What’s your advice for me? My advice for you is ….
What would you do if you were me? If I were you, I would …

English for Bac 25 Abdelghafour Raquibi

 Asking for opinion ‫السؤال عن الرأي‬
What’s your opinion on …?
What do you think about …?
What’s your point of view?
How do you feel about …?
Have you got any thoughts on this?
Do you think that ….?
Agreeing ‫الموافقة‬
I agree with ….
I completely agree with …
That’s absolutely right.
That’s so true.
I can’t agree more.
Suggesting
Let’s play a game.
How about reading a book?
Why don’t we go to the malls?
I suggest we stay home.
Making Invitiations
Would you like to go to the Oukaimden
tomorrow?
Would you be interested in going to the
stadium next Sunday?
Do you feel like going for a walk?
I would like you to have lunch with us
tomorrow.
How about joining me for a walk?
I invite you to have breakfast with me
tomorrow morning.
English for Bac
Giving opinion ‫إبداء الرأي‬
I think ...
In my opinion, …
From my point of view..
It seems to me…
The way I see it …
If you ask me, I think …
Disagreeing ‫المعارضة‬
I disagree with …
I’m not sure I agree with …
That’s not always true.
That’s wrong.
I don’t think so.
Accepting a suggestion Declining a suggestion
That’s a good idea. No, I’d rather not.
That sounds great. I’m not sure about that.
Yes, I’d love to. I don’t feel like it.
Why not? I’d love to, but …
Accepting an invitation Declining an invitation
I'd love to, thanks. I'm really sorry, but I've got something
That's very kind of you, else on.
thanks. I really don't think I can - I'm supposed
I’ll be glad to do so. to be doing something else.
Thanks, I’d like that very Thanks for your invitation but I’m busy.
much. I’m afraid I am busy tomorrow.
Many thanks for your kind Sorry, I’d love to but I have an
invitation. I’ll join you. appointment.
Sure. Thank you. I really don’t think I can, sorry.
With pleasure! That’s very kind of you, but I can’t
accept your invitation.
26 Abdelghafour Raquibi
Exercises
1. Match each statement with the appropriate function.
Expressions Functions

1. “You ought to think twice before changing your job.” A. Making a request
2. “I’m sorry I stepped on your school bag.” B. Suggestion
3. Would you explain this lesson for me, please? C. Asking for advice
4. “I’m afraid I don’t share your view.” D. Giving opinion
5. “What should I do to learn English?” E. Disagreeing
6. Sorry to bother you, but the Wi-Fi is not working. F. Apologizing
7. “Let’s go skateboarding this afternoon.” G. Giving advice
8. To my mind, Covid-19 is not a hoax. H. Accepting apology
9. What is your view on social distancing? I. Complaining
10. Don’t worry about it. It’s not a big deal! J. Asking for opinion
1. ……... 3. ……... 5. ……... 7. ……... 9. ……...
2. ……... 4. ……... 6. ……... 8. ……... 10. ……...

2. Write appropriate responses to the following situations.

1. Reading books is better than watching movies.
You (express your opinion): …………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Your friend can’t decide whether to buy a tablet or a laptop.

You (give advice): …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

3. Complete the following exchange appropriately.

How do you feel about distance

learning? ………………………………………
………………………………………..
...........................................

1. G 6. I
2. F 7. B
3. A 8. D
4. E 9. J
5. C 10. H

English for Bac 27 Abdelghafour Raquibi

A good paragraph should follow the same basic rules of structure:

Topic Sentence: it introduces the topic of your paragraph. It gives the reader an idea what the paragraph will be about.

.‫ بحيث يكون القارئ فكرة عن محتوى الفقرة بمجرد قراءته لهذه الجملة‬.‫ غير أنها تتكون من جملة واحدة تقدم فيها موضوع الفقرة‬،‫هي بمثابة مقدمة لفقرتك‬

Supporting Sentences:

Sentence 1 These sentences develop your topic sentence by giving mora information and details. You can
Sentence 2 explain your ideas, state your arguments, give examples to support ideas ..etc.

Sentence 3 ‫ هنا أيضا يمكنك شرح أفكارك أو‬.‫ وذلك بإعطاء المزيد من المعلومات والتفاصيل‬،‫هذه الجمل تدعم فكرة الفقرة الرئيسة‬
…. .‫الخ‬... ‫عرض حججك أو تدعيم أفكارك بأمثلة‬

Concluding Sentence: It concludes your paragraph and briefly summarizes the information you discussed. It also
functions as a transition to the following paragraph (if you are writing more than one paragraph)

‫ كما أنها يمكن أن تمهد للفقرة الموالية (إن‬.‫ أو تركز فيها على فكرة محورية فيها‬،‫هذه الجملة الختامية تلخص فيها بشكل مقتضب المعلومات الواردة في فقرتك‬
)‫كان مطلوبا منك ان تكتب أكثر من فقرة‬

Technology has many advantages. To begin with, technology has made our life easier and more

luxurious. In other words, it helps us save more time and effort. For example, robots and machines will

accomplish our daily work or tasks perfectly and in no time. Also, great inventions, such as the telephone,

computers, the television, and the Internet have made communication easier and better. In addition, we

can use these inventions to learn about world news and events as soon as they happen. Consequently, the

world has become a small village. Additionally, technology is good for our economy. Nowadays, big and

small companies use technology to improve the quality of their products or services. In brief, advantages

of technology are too many to count.

English for Bac 28 Abdelghafour Raquibi

Introduction: Introduce the topic (in general, no details): you can give a definition, ask questions …
Body:
Paragraph 1*:

• Start your paragraph with a topic sentence

• Supporting sentences (explain your ideas, give examples …)
• Concluding sentence
Conclusion: summarize, give your opinion, advice …
* Don’t forget to use appropriate linking words to make your paragraphs coherent and cohesive.
*You can have as many paragraphs as needed.

English for Bac 29 Abdelghafour Raquibi

 •Dear Sir/Madam, [formal for someone you don’t know]
•Dear (Mr. Lotfi), [formal]
Starting the e-mail •Hi (Amanda), [informal]
•Hi, [informal]

•I hope you’re well and (that you enjoyed your holiday).

•I hope that everything is going well.
•How’s it going? (informal)
Opening the e-mail •Thanks for your letter/email/card/note ….
•It was great to hear from you.
•Sorry it’s taken so long to write (+ give a reason)
•I'm writing to...

•I look forward to seeing you next week.

Closing / signing off •I look forward to hearing from you soon.
•Speak soon / write soon. (informal)

•Yours sincerely, (formal – if you know the person, or have used the person’s
name)
•Yours faithfully, (formal – if you don’t know the person, or haven’t used the
Saying goodbye person’s name)
•Kind regards, / Best regards, / Regards, (formal)
•Best wishes, / All the best, / Yours, (semi-formal)
•Bye, / Cheers, (informal)

English for Bac 30 Abdelghafour Raquibi

 Begin by setting the scene:
Time: when?
Place: where? You can briefly describe the place
People: Who was there? How many? …
Weather: what was the weather like?
Senses/ feelings: what could you hear, smell. How did you fell

Develop the story: what happened? Put the events in chronological order.

Conclusion: your feeling at the end. Moral of the story …

❖ Use appropriate tenses: usually past simple and past continuous.

❖ Check spelling, punctuation, and grammar.

A memorable day in my life2

I will never forget the day when my little sister was born. It was about 1:00 a.m. and everybody had

gone to bed. I was 5years old then and I was sleeping in my bed. All of a sudden, I heard my mother shouting.

I immediately got out of bed and opened my bedroom door. I saw my father talking on the phone while my

mom was walking across the living room. He asked my elder brother to get the car out of the garage. When

my father saw me, he told me it was ok and asked me to go back to bed. After that, they all left and I stayed

with my cousin who was visiting us that day. At around 3:00 a.m., my dad called to say that I had a little

sister! I was very happy! On the next day, we went to see them in hospital. When I entered the room, I saw

my mother lying on the bed and smiling. She put her hand on my head and hugged me. She then pointed to

my little sister who was sleeping soundly in a cradle by the bedside. I bent over and kissed her. She was

really cute!

2
Taken from a worksheet. Writer unknown

English for Bac 31 Abdelghafour Raquibi

 -‫االمتحان الوطني لمادة اللغة اإلنجليزية – وفق اإلطار المرجعي‬
:‫ هذه تفاصيلها‬.‫ أقسام‬3 ‫يتكون االمتحان الوطني لمادة اللغة اإلنجليزية من‬

Comprehension (15/40)
▪ Vocabulary (4 points)
Language (15/40)
▪ Grammar (7 points)
Writing (10/40)
▪ Functions (4 points)
:‫وفيما يلي األسئلة التي تطرح في كل قسم‬

Comprehension
.‫ كل أسئلة هذا القسم يجاب عنها اعتمادا على النص‬.‫يتضمن هذا القسم نص وأسئلة للفهم‬ : ‫الفهم‬
❖ Answer these questions.
❖ Are these statements true or false?
❖ Are these statements true or false? Correct the false ones.
❖ Are these statements true or false? Justify.
❖ Are these statements true or false? Tick (√) the right box.
❖ Choose the best title for the passage.
❖ Choose the right answer from the list given.
❖ Complete the following sentences with information from the text.
❖ Fill in the blanks with words, phrases, or expressions from the text.
❖ Fill in the chart with the right information from the text.
❖ Find in the text words, phrases or expressions that mean the same as
❖ Find in the text words, phrases or expressions that mean the opposite of
❖ Match each idea with the corresponding paragraph.
❖ Match the word(s)/phrase(s) or expression(s) with the right explanation(s) according to the text.
❖ Pick out from the text a sentence or a phrase which shows that:
❖ Put the following ideas/ arguments/ sentences/ events ...in the correct order in which they appear in the
text.
❖ Tick (√) the questions that the passage answers.
❖ What do the underlined words in the text refer to?
❖ What is the writer’s opinion/ attitude/ purpose ...?

Language
❖ Complete the following dialogue(s) appropriately
❖ Choose the right answer.
❖ Correct the errors in these sentences. There is one error in each sentence.
❖ Correct the underlined mistake(s)
❖ Fill in the gaps with appropriate collocations.
❖ Fill in the gaps with appropriate phrasal verbs
❖ Fill in the gaps with appropriate words or expressions from the list
❖ Fill in the gaps with appropriate words or expressions
❖ Give an appropriate definition to each of the following words
❖ Give the correct forms of the words in brackets.
❖ Join the pairs of sentences with the linking words given.
❖ Match each expression with its appropriate function.
❖ Match the exchange(s) with the appropriate function(s).
❖ Match the words that go together to make appropriate collocations.
❖ Match the words with the corresponding definitions/ synonyms/ antonyms.
❖ Provide the appropriate word for each of the following definitions.

English for Bac 32 Abdelghafour Raquibi

❖ Put the following exchanges in the correct order
❖ Put the following words/phrases/sentences in the correct order.
❖ Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form.
❖ Put the verbs in brackets in the right tense.
❖ Replace each underlined verb with an appropriate phrasal verb.
❖ Replace each underlined verb with the appropriate phrasal verb from the list.
❖ Replace the underlined words with appropriate synonyms
❖ Rewrite the sentences as indicated.
❖ Rewrite the sentences beginning with the words given.
❖ There are ... Errors in this paragraph. Correct them.
❖ Tick (ѵ) the correct sentence (s).
❖ What does each sentence express?
❖ Write an appropriate response to the following situation(s).

Writing

Scoring criteria ‫معايير التنقيط‬

Relevance to the task((s)

Appropriate paragraphing and organisation
Appropriateness and variety of vocabulary
Accurate use of grammar
Accurate use of Mechanics (Spelling, punctuation, capitalization)

English for Bac 33 Abdelghafour Raquibi

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