Par

ti
cipat
einOHSPr
ocesses
UnitDescr iptor
Thisunitdescr ibest heper formanceout comes,ski l
lsandknowl edger equi redt opar t
ici
pat ei nwor kpl ace
occupationalheal thandsaf ety( OHS)pr ocessest opr otectwor kersownheal t
handsaf et y,andt hatof
others
COMPETENCY1
Par ti
cipat ei nOHSPr ocesses
1.Wor ksafel y
1.1Fol l
owest abl shedsaf
i et yprocedur eswhenconduct ingwor k
Saf etyPr ocedur esi naWor kplace
Safetypr ocedur esi nt he wor kplace ar e necessar yf ormanyr easons.A saf erenv ironmenti smor e
producti
v e,andempl oy eemor aler emai nshi gherwhent hest af
ff eelst hatt hecompanyi sconcer nedf or
thei
rwel l-being.Saf et ygui deli
nesal sohel pt hecompanyadher et of eder allawsr egar dingwor kpl ace
conditi
ons,whi chcanpr eventaf inebyf ederalor ganizationssuchast heOccupat i
onalHeal thandSaf ety
Admi ni
strat i
on.
Harassment
 Youshoul dcr eateacl earsetofgui deli
nesonhow empl oy eesar et or eactt oanyf orm of
har assmentf rom ot herempl oyees,cont ractor sorv i
sitorst ot hecompany .Ther ear emany
forms,i ncluding sexualhar assment ,intimidat i
on,emot i
onalhar assmentort hreat eni ng
behav i
or .Inor dert opr ev entasi t
uat ionf r
om escal atingi ntoadanger ouscr i
si s,ther eneeds
tobeadef i
niti
v ewayf orempl oy eest obeabl et or epor thar assmentei therbynameor
anony mousl y.Forpr event ion,or gani zet r
aini ngsessi onsf ornew empl oy eesandf orst aff
member swhomustat t
endt olearnaboutr ecentupdat es.
Wal kway s
 Saf etywhi lewal ki
ngt hehal lsoft heof fi
cecanbet akenf orgr ant ed,butwi t
houtpr opersaf ety
precaut i
onst herecoul dbeser i
ousi njuryorpr opertydamage.Makesur ehal lway sar ekept
clearofboxes,chai rsorot herpot entialtrippi nghazar ds.Cl eanl iquidst hatar espi l
ledon
slipperyf loorsur facesi mmedi ately.You al so shoul di nst allmi rror
sov erbusywal kway
intersect ionssot hatpeopl ecanseeeachot hercomi ngandav oidacol lisi
on.
Reachi ngi nHi ghPl aces
 St or est epl adder sorst epst oolsnearal lshel vinguni ts,andencour ageempl oyeest ouse
them whenr eachi ngf oritemsonhi ghershel ves.Donotal l
owempl oyeest or eachov ert heir
heads,ast hiscoul dcauseaf all
.Donotst oresuppl i
est hatar eusedcont inual ly,suchas
impor t
antpaper sorshopt ools,inhi ghspot s.Keept hem wi t
hinar m’sr eacht oav oidi njury
from f alls.
Evacuat i
onPl an
 Anemer gency ,suchasaf ire,mayhappenatanymoment .Hav eanev acuat ionpl ani npl ace
andpr act i
cei tonceamont h.Makesur eal lempl oyeesknow wher et of indt henear est
emer gencyexi t.Hav easy stem inpl acet oaccountf oral lempl oyeeswhoar ei nt hebui l
di ng
atanygi v ent i
me, i
ncasey ouhav etoev acuat e.

 Saf
etypr
ocedur
esmayi
ncl
ude:
 compl
eti
ngrequi
reddocumentati
on
 l
ocal
,st
ateandfeder
allegi
slat
ion
1
  Mat erialsSafetyDat aSheet s( MSDSs)
 National HealthandMedi cal ResearchCounci lguideli
nes
 foll
owi ngOH&Sgui del i
nesr elevanttowor kplace
 mai ntenanceanduseofcl eani ngappar atusi nawor k
 environment ,suchas;
 di sposi ngofspi ll
edsubst ances, dangerouspr oducts,
'sharps'and
wast ecor rectly
 ma i
ntainingst ocksofcl eani ngequi pment( eg.Disposableglov es,
li
qui drepellentapr ons,disinf ect
ant)
 ster i
l
izingand/ ordisposingofcl eaningequipmentusi ng
appr opr i
atecleani ngequi pmentt ocleanspillagesandbr eakages
 we aringpr otect i
veclothing, protecti
veey ewearwheni ncont act
wi thbodyf l
uidsorchemi calst hatmayspl ash
 usingandst ori
ngt oxicandhazar dousmat eri
alscor r
ectly
 keepingwor kplacecl eanandt i
dy
 offi
cepr acti
cemanual
 display i
nghealthandsaf etybr ochures, magazi nesandot hermateri
al
 under goi ngoper atort r
aini
ngwhenusi ngnewequi pmentor
 processes
 special guidel
inesi namedi calsetti
ng

Saf etyforlif
e
Thiswor kbookwi llintroducey out onewanddi fferentwor kplacehazar ds.Somemaybev eryv i
sible,whi l
e
other smaybehi dden.
Thisuni twi l
lpr ov i
dey ouwi thsomeoft heski l
ls,knowl edgeandat t
it
udest hatyouneedt ohav etoensur e
thaty oucanwor ksaf elyandt oarrivehomesaf eandsoundatt heendofeachwor kday.Afterall
, safetyis
forlife.
Followpol i
ciesandpr ocedur es
Itispar tofy ourr esponsi bil
ityt
oensur et haty ouf ollowwor kplacepolici
esandpr ocedures.Therear emany
oft heseandsomet y pical onesar elistedbel ow.
Housekeepi ng
Likeaty ourhome,messandcl uttercanbedanger ousatwor k.Housekeepingisacommonwor kplace
procedur e.
Forex ample, i
fy ounot iceaspi llorequi pmentont hef l
oory ouar edutyboundt ocleanitup,barri
cadei toff,
orr eportitimmedi atelybef oresomeonesl ipsort ri
psoni t.
Goodhousekeepi ngi nv olvesallstaffchecki ngf orthingslike:
o whet hert hear eaiswel lkeptandcl eanandt i
dy
o whet heral li
temsar esaf elyst or ed
o whet heral lfl
oorcov eringsar ei ngoodcondi t
ionandar ef r
eeoft r
iphazar
ds
o whet hert hewor kand f l
oorar ea ar eclearofel ectr
icalleads,networkcabl esorot her
obst r
uct ions
o whet heral ldeskdr awer sandf il
ingcabi netsar ecl osedwhennoti nusewhetherwast epaper
bi
nsar ef reeofhazar dousmat er i
al,suchasbr okengl ass.
2
1.2Car ryoutpr e-
startsystemsandequi pmentchecksi naccor dancewithwor kplaceprocedures
Hav i
ngt herightatt
it
udes,bei ngawar eandf ol
lowingprocedur esareallessentialforeffecti
vewor kpl
ace
safety.Howev er
,thefinalkeytoeffecti
veworkplacesafetyistot akeacti
vestepst oimprov esafet
y.
Hav i
ngt herightatt
it
udes,bei ngawar eandf ol
lowingprocedur esareallessentialforeffecti
vewor kpl
ace
safety.Howev er
,thefinalkeytoeffecti
veworkplacesafetyistot akeacti
vestepst oimprov esafet
y.
Investi
gat inghazards
Everywor kplaceshoul dhav eapr ocessf orhazardinv est
igations.Thehazar di nvest
igati
onpr ocessis
strai
ght forward:
•identify–whatcaused( orhast hepotenti
altocause)ani ncidentoraccident
?
•analyze–howgr eatistheriskofitoccurri
ng?
•Contr ol –howcanwecont r
ol t
her i
skofitoccurr
ing?

Safetyinspect ions
Safetyinspect ionsar eusedt ohel pidentifyhazar ds.Nor mallyanOHSi nspect
ionisapl annedev ent
.The
workplacei si nspect edt oi dent i
fypot entialhazar ds.Itist hebestwayofpr o-
acti
velyident i
fyi
nghazar ds
beforet heycauseani njury.
AnybodycandoanOHSi nspect ion.I deal
lyt hough, aninspect ionwouldinvolveanexper i
encedper sonfrom
thearea, aHSRand/ ort hesuper visoroft hear ea.
Hav i
ngt heknowl edge, skill
sandat ti
tudest ocar ryoutt askssaf elyi
scriti
cali
nanywor kplace.
Whatski ll
swi l
ly ouneed?
Wor ki
ngsaf elyi slikedr ivingsaf ely.I
nor dert owor ksaf elyy ouneedt oknowabout :
 OHSr ol esi nt hewor kplace
 OHSt r ainingandi nduct i
ons
 Wher et of indOHSi nf ormat ion
 Rel evantsi gns
 Rul esandpr ocedur es
 keepi ngup- t
o- date
 r epor tingpr oblems, accident sandi ncidents.
Knowt her oles
Anumberofdi f f
erentpeopl earer esponsiblef orOHSi ny ourwor kpl
ace.
You
Youar et hemosti mpor tantper sonwheni tcomest oy ourownsaf ety
.
Yoursuper visor
Super v
isor sar er esponsi blef ort heirwor kers’saf etyandhav eadut yofcar etoensuresaf etypolici
esand
procedur esar emai ntained.
Heal t
handsaf etyr epresent at i
ves
OHSl egi sl
ationr equi resor gani zat i
onst of orm heal t
handsaf etycommi tt
eesandf aci
lit
atet heelecti
onof
healthandsaf etyr epresent atives( HSR)t or epresentwor kers.Workplacescanbedi videdi ntodesignated

3
wor kgr oups( DWG) .ADWGi sagr oupi ngofempl oyeeswhoshar esi mi l
arwor kpl aceheal thandsaf ety
concer nsandcondi tions.ADWGi sest abl i
shedt ofor mt he‘ elect orat e’thatmayel ectHSRs.HSRscanbe
i
nv ol vedi n:
•Rout i
nei nspect ionsoft hewor kplaceori nspect ionsr esul ti
ngf rom ar epor tedhazar dori nci dent
•accompany ingst atesaf etyaut hor it
yinspect orsdur ingv i
sits
•obt ainingaccesst oOHSi nfor mat i
ononact i
v it
iesandwor ker s
•i nv est igatingOHScompl aints.
HSRs can t ake compl aint s and concer ns f r
om empl oy ees r elating t o heal th and saf et ymat terst o
managementespeci allywhenempl oy eesbel ievet hatcont rolmeasur esf orhazar dsar ei nadequat e.These
concer nscanbedi scussedatt heheal thandsaf etycommi tteemeet i
ng.Thi swi llfaci l
itateanagr eed
out comet hati ssat isf act oryt oal l parties.
HSRspl ayacr iti
calr ol ei nwor kplaceheal t
handsaf etyandar eani mpor tantcommuni cat i
onl i
nkbet ween
empl oy eesandmanagement .
Saf et yadv isor s
OHSadv i
sor sar ef ull-timest af forconsul tantswhopr ovideadv iceandgui dancef ori mpl ement i
ngOHSi n
thewor kpl ace.
Firstai dper son
Thef irstai dper sonusual lyhast heknowl edgeandski l
lst ocar r youtemer gencyf irstai df orl ifethreat ening
i
njur iesandi llnesses, aswel last opr ov i
def i
rst-aidcar ef orinjur iesandi l
lnessesi nt hewor kpl ace.
War dens
Allbui l
di ngsorwor kpl aceshav ewar dens.Theyar et hepeopl ewhohel pmanageemer genci es,especi ally
evacuat ionsf rom bui l
di ngsorwor kplaces.War densar esel ect edf rom t heoccupant soft hebui ldingor
wor kpl ace.
Ther esponsi bili
tiesoft hewar densmayv ar ydur i
nganemer gency .Theyar el i
kelyt oi ncludet asksl ike:
•conduct inganor der lyev acuat i
onofoccupant sofabui ldingt oasaf epl aceofassembl y.Thi si ncl udes
member soft hepubl icwhomaybei nt hebui l
dingatt het ime
•assi stingt heemer gencyser vices
•oper atingpor tablef ireext ingui sher si nt hebui ldingwhensaf et odoso.
Iti
si mpor tantt oknowwhot hewar deni sf ory ourbui ldingorwor kplace.I nanemer gencysi tuati
oncont rol
willbegr eat l
yassi stedi fy oucanqui ckl yr ecogni zet hewar dens.I ti sal soi mpor tantt hatemer gency
serv ices( pol ice,f i
r e,ambul ance)canqui cklyi dentifywhot hewar densar e.Theuseofcol oredsaf ety
helmet shel pswi tht hi s.
War densmayi ncludet rainedf irstaidpeopl eandf irewar dens.
Ifyoudi scov eraf ire:
•donotpani c; remai ncal m
•raiset heal arm, call ‘
f i
re’ toat tractat tent i
onofot her sandcal ltheFi reBr igadebydi al li
ng000.
Ifanev acuat ioni scal led:
•ev acuat et hebui l
di ngf ol l
owi ngt heemer gencyev acuat ionpl anst oadesi gnatedar ea,whi char el ocat ed
throughoutt hebui l
di ng
•fol l
owal l direct ionsf rom t hewar dens
•donott akeper sonal bel ongi ngsorbagsast hesemaysl owy ourdepar tur ef rom thebui l
ding
•donotusel i
f t
s
•donotr un, pushorov er take
•firebr i
gadeper sonnel wi lldecl arewhent hebui l
dingi ssaf ef orpeopl et or eturn.No- oneshoul dretur nunt il

4
thebui l
di ngi sdecl aredsaf e.
Safetyt raining
Byl aw,t rainingi nsaf ewor kmet hodsmustbepr ov i
dedbyal lor ganisat
ions.Itismandatoryforan
empl oyert opr ovi
det raini
ngf orthei
rwor ker
s.Thesaf etyofempl oyees,especiall
ytheyounger,less-
experiencedempl oy eesandt heemployer
’sownexposur etocri
mi nalprosecution,dependoncompl yi
ng
withal llaws.Duet ot heser iousnatur
eofOHS,t hetraini
ngofstaffinal lmattersofOHSi sessent
ialand
mayi ncl ude:
•wor kshops
•on- the-jobt raining
•OHSmeet ings
•OHSsemi nar s.
Onli
needucat ioncanbeusedt otr
ainstaf
finalldi
ff
erentaspectsofOHS.Compani esmustsetasidepar t
oftheirt rainingbudget st otr
ainmanagementandempl oyeesindi
fferentaspectsofOHS.

Pre-st artchecks
Pre-st artchecksar ecommonl ydoneonmachi neryandequi pmenti nsomewor kplacestoensur et hatthey
aref itforwor k.Often, checkl istsar edev elopedf orpeopl et ofoll
owwhenst arti
ngupequi pment.
Doy ouknowofanypr e-startcheckst hatar ecar ri
edouti nyourwor kplace?
Ev acuat ion( fire,gasl eaksorot hermaj ori ncidents)
Procedur esmustbewor kedoutf oremer gencysi t
uat i
onswhi chcani nclude:
o medi cal emer gencywhenf i
rstai dand/ ormedi calpersonnel mustbequi cklycal
led
o f i
re
o powerf ai l
ure
o gasl eak
o bombt hreat
o f l
oodorot herext r
emeweat hersituat i
ons.
Ineachoft hesesi tuat i
onsr elevantpr ocedur esmustbef ol
lowed.Wor kplacesof tenhav eatri
alrunat
evacuat ingpr emisesi ncaset hisemer gencyoccur s.Thisi sagoodr ehear salshoul dtheactualsituati
on
arise.
Anemer gencyev acuat i
onassembl yplaceshoul dbear ranged.Al lstaf fshouldknowwher et
hispar ti
cular
placei sandi tshoul dbeappr opr iatel
ysigned.
Fol l
owt hesi gns
Wor kpl acesar esignedt odr awat tenti
ont ohaz ardsorr equirement sofdi ff
erentar eas.Diff
erentt ypesof
signsi nt hewor kplacewi l
l bedi fferentcol orsandmeandi f
ferentthings
Mandat or ysigns
Mandat or ysignsar ebl ueandwhi te.Theyt el
l y
out hingst haty oumustdoi nawor karea.Theyar eof t
en
usedt ot el l
peopl et owearsaf etyequipmentorst icktot hewal kway s.

5
Caut
ionsi
gns
Caut
ionsi
gnsarey
ellowandbl
ack.Theyi
ndi
cat
ewor
kpl
acehazar
dssuchasf
orkl
i
fts,
noi
se,
radi
ati
on
ar
easorover
headcranes.

Dangersi
gns
Dangersi
gnsarealwaysred,blackandwhi
te.Theyi
ndi
cat
ewher
eno-
goar
easexi
st,suchashi
ghv
olt
age
ar
easorchemical
storageareas.

Fir
esafet
ysigns
Fir
esafet
ysignsareal
way
sred.Theyi
ndi
cat
elocat
ionsofext
ingui
sher
s,hoses,al
armsandot
herf
ir
e
safet
yequi
pment.

Fi
rstai
dsigns
Fi
rstai
dsignsar
ealway
sgr
een.Theypoi
ntoutt
hel
ocat
ionoff
ir
stai
dki
ts,f
ir
stai
dst
ati
ons,ey
ewash
st
ati
onsandsoon.

Hor nsandsirens
Hor nsandsi r
ensar eusedi nworkplacest owarnpeopleabouthazards,suchasmov i
ngequipment,orto
alertpeopletoemer gencyinci
dentsli
kef i
res.
UNDERSTANDI NGHAZARDSI GNSANDSYMBOLS
Inev eryworkpl aceyouwi llf
inddiff
erenthazardsignsandsymbol sdisplay
edtoletpeopleknow ofany
potentialhaz
ardswhi chmaybei nthearea.Itisext
remelyi
mportantthatyouareawareofwhatthehazard
signsandsy mbol smeanaty ourwor kpl
aceandwhaty oushouldandshoul dn’
tdointhatareatoreduce
ri
skofanacci dent .Herear
eanexampl eofsomemor ecommonhazar dsignsandsymbols.
Thesi gnsandsy mbol syouseeinthewor kplacearetor
emindyouort ell
youaboutsomething.

6
Thesignwi
l
lhav
eaREDci r
cleandcr
ossbar
,WHI
TEbackgr
oundandBLACKsy
mbol
Caut
ionmeans“Becar
eful
”

Thesi
gnwi
l
lhav
eat
ri
angl
ewi
thaYELLOW backgr
ound,
BLACKbor
derandBLACKsy
mbol
.

Thesignwil
lhav
eacir
clewi
thaBLUEbackgr
ound,
WHI
TEsy
mbol
andpi
ctur
einsi
de.
Emergency–Infor
mat
ion

Thesignwil
lbeasquar
eorr
ect
angl
ewi
thaGREENorREDbackgr
oundandaWHI
TEsy
mbol
.
Dangerousgoods

Fi
re

WhataboutSaf et
ySi gns
Apartfrom hazardsignsandsy mbolstheworkpl
acei
sli
kelyt
ohavesaf
etysigns.Thesaf
etysi
gnsshoul
d
beplacedwher eev eryonecanseet hem – t
hei
rdir
ect
ionsaremandat
ory,whichmeanspeopleinthe
workplaceMUSTdowhatt heyi
ndicat
e.
TypesofSaf etysigns
Pi
cturesonly
7
Wor
dsonl
y

Bot
hpi
ctur
esandwor
ds

2.Impl ementwor kplacesaf etyr equi r ement s

2.1Identiydesi
f gnat edper sonsf orr epor t
ingquer iesandconcer nsaboutsaf etyinthewor kpl
ace
Designatedper sonsmayi nclude:
o desi gnat edheal thandsaf et yof f
icer s
o heal thandsaf etyr epr esent at ives
o super vi
sor s
o manager s
o t eam l eader s
o ot herper sonsaut hor izedornomi nat edbyt heent erpri
seori ndust ry
2.2Identif
yexistingandpot ential hazar dsi nt hewor kpl ace,reportthem t odesi gnatedpersonsandr ecord
them inaccordancewi thwor kpl acepr ocedur es
A hazar di sanysi t
uat ion t hathast hepot ent i
alt oimpacton t hesaf etyand heal th ofempl oyees,
contractors,member soft hepubl ic,andt heenv ironment .Ahazar dmayexi st,eveniftherehasn’tbeenan
accidentorani nci dent.Ahazar di sanacci dentwai t
ingt ohappen!
Hazar dsmayi ncludeany thingwhi chi sasour ceof :
 pot ential harmi nter msofhumani njuryori llhealt
h
 da maget opr oper ty
 da maget ot heenv ir
onment
 pot ential harmi nter msofhumani njuryori llhealt
hi ncludi
ng:
 t oxi corhazar dousmat eri
als
 hazar douswor kpr ocesses
 unsaf ewor kpr act i
ces
 hazar dousequi pment
 unst abl eper sonnel
 pot ential harmi namedi cal set ti
ng:
 bl ood
 br eakage/spi llage
 dr ughol d-ups
 needl est i
cks
 medi cal emer genci es( eg.Falls,bleeding,seizures,fai
nti
ng, col
l
apses,
pani cat t ack, psy chosi s
 spr eadofi nf ection
 pot ential sour cesofi nf ect ion:

8
  breakages
 contaminat edwast e
 patientswi thcolds,fl
uandotheri
nfect
iousdi
seases
 shar ps(e.g.needles,scal
pelbl
ades)
 spill
age
 useddr essi ngs,bandagesandequipment
 unst er
il
ized/ poorl
ysteri
li
zedequi
pmentandworksurfaces
 unwashedhands
Typesofhazar ds
Thepoi ntofr iskassessment si st ocont rol hazar dsbef oretheyturnintoacci dentsandi nj
uri
es.
Hazar dsf all i
nt oanumberofkeygr oups:
 phy sical
 mechani cal
 psy chosoci al
 chemi cal andbi ologi cal
 sour cesofener gy
 Env ironment al.
Phy sicalhazar ds
Theyar emanyt ypesofphy si
cal hazar ds, butsomecommononesi nanof ficeenv i
ronmenti nclude:
•clutter
•fluidspi l
ls
•poormanual handl i
ng
•poorer gonomi cs.
Clutterandspi ll
s
Clutterandspi ll
sar eamaj orcauseofwor kpl aceacci dents.Acl eanwor kplacei sasaf ewor kplace.
Remember…wehav eal readydi scussedt heneedf orhousekeepi ngprocedur es.
Tip:5Sy ourwor kar ea
Tripsandf all
scausedbycl utterandpoorhousekeepi ngar eacommoncauseofi njuriesint hewor kpl
ace.
I
njur i
esoft hisnat ur ecanber educedbypr ogr amssuchas‘ 5S’.
 5Si sasy stemat i
cappr oacht owor kpl aceor ganizati
ont hatrequiresempl oy ees
to:
• Sor t–r emov efrom t hewor kar eaanyunnecessar yi t
ems
• Seti nor der–or gani zet het hingst hatyoudoneed( aplacef orev erything
andev erythingi nitspl ace)
• Shi ne–cl eanandpai ntthewor kar ea
• St andar dize–dev elopst andar dpr oceduresf orthewor karea
• Sust ain–hav er osters,checkl ists,responsibil
it
iesf orwor kar eassot hat
youdon’ tslipbacki ntool dhabi ts.
Poorer gonomi cs
Ergonomi csi sdef inedast hesci encet hatr elatest omanandt hewor kplace.I ti
sabr oadt erm descri
bing
manywor kenv ironment s.I tismandat oryt hatanywor kstati
oni sergonomi call
ycor r
ectwhenanyscr een-
basedequi pmenti susedandori nt roduced, includingpor t
ablecomput ers.
Tip:Setupy ourwor kst ation
Tryf oll
owi ngt heset ipsf orset ti
ngupy ourwor kstati
on:

9
•Adj ustt hehei ghtoft hechai rsot hatt hekey s(A–L)ar ei nl inewi thy ourhandsandf orearms.
•Thescr eenshoul dbeatadi st ancet hatal lowsy out of ocuseasi ly.
Usual lythi siswi thinanar m' sl engt h, wi tht het opoft hescr eenatey el evel .
•Wr istsshoul dbehel di naneut ralorst r aightposi ti
on.Pr olongedupwar dsordownwar dsbendi ngcanl ead
toinjur y.
•Posi ti
ont hewor kst at ionsot hatgl ar eandr ef l
ectionar emi nimi sed.I ti sadv i
sabl etopl acemoni tors
perpendi cul art owi ndow.
•Wher et hisi snotpossi ble, anant i-glar ef ilterpl acedov ert hescr eenmaybehel pful.
•Addamouse, key boar dandmoni t
ort oy ourl apt opi fyouusei text ensi v
el y.
•Alway s,whenr efer ri
ngt oasour cedocument ,useanadj ust abl edocumenthol der.
Mechani calhazar ds
Mechani calhazar dsi ncl udemachi ner y ,par ts,tool s,obj ectsandmat eri
alspr ocessedorusedi nt hewor k
processt hatcanl eadt oi njuries.Suchmechani calhazar dshav et hepot enti
alt ocut ,rip,tearcr ush,
penet rateandev enpr oducepr ojectilesorcausesuddeni mpact .
Somegener al guidel inest oconsi derwhenav oidi ngmechani cal hazar dsi ncludet hef ollowing.
•Wearpr operey e, handandf ootpr ot ect ion.
•Insistonusi ngPPEl ikef aceshi elds, saf etygl asses, and/ orgoggl esasappr opriate.
•Av oi dwear ingl oosei temssuchasr ings,neckl aces,br acel et s,l
onghai r,
loosecl ot hing,neckties,scarves,
earrings, andbear ds.
•Wat choutf orshar pobj ect s,pi nchpoi ntsandmov i
ngobj ect s.
•Obeyal l saf etysigns.
•Nev erby passsaf etydev icesonequi pment .By passi ngdef eat st hepur pose.
Psy chosoci alhazar ds
Anof tenov erlooked, y etsur prisinglycommon, ty peofhazar di spsy chosoci alhazar ds.Thi sincludest hi
ngs
l
ike:
 dr ugandal cohol abuse
 f atigue
 bul lyingandhar assment
 St ressandov erwor k.
Stressandov erwor k
Stresscanbecausedbycondi t
ionsi nt hewor kplace.I tnegat ivelyaf fectsani ndi vi
dual'sper formance
and/ orov erallwel lbeingofhi sbodyandmi nd.I nsomecases, j
obst resscanbedi sabl i
ng.Inchr oniccases
apsy chiatricconsul tat ioni susual l
yr equi redt ov alidatet her easonanddegr eeofwor k-r
elatedst r
ess.
Violenceandbul l
ying
Bullyingcanhappenbet weenco- wor ker s,cl ient s,cust omer s,cont ractorsandot hersf rom out sidet he
wor kplace.I tcanal sooccurwi thempl oy ersandmanager si nposi ti
onsofaut hority.
Wor kpl acebul l
ying ( and anyassoci at ed v i
olence)i sa ser iousheal th and saf etyhazar d.Iti sof ten
char acterizedby :
 unr easonabl edemandsandi mpossi blet arget s
 t hreat eningv er bal abuse
 mal i
ciousgossi pand/ orr umor sbei ngspr eadaboutt heper son
 cr uel orhumi liat i
ng' i
nitiation' ritual s( especi al
lypr eval entamongstsomeappr entices)
 mandat oryov er ti
me, unf airrost er ingoral locationofwor kort raini
ng
 i nter f
er encewi thper sonal bel ongi ngsorl ockeranddeskar ea

10
  sabot ageofwor k.
Tip: Deal ingwi thbul lying
Allempl oy eeshav et her i
ghtt or espectandt oasaf eandheal t
hyenv i
ronmentatwor k.I fbul ly
ingi s
happeni ngi ny ourwor kplace, ther ear eway st ost ampi toutandt odeal withi t,
including:
raisingt hei ssuesouti nt heopenbyt alkingwi t
hf ellowwor ker s
hol dingameet i
ng, ev enawayf rom t hewor kplacei fnecessar y
invol vingt hewor kpl aceHSR, OHSCommi tteeorot herdel egat es
cont act i
ngt heuni oni famemberf orassi stance
cont act i
ngseni ormanagementandhumanr esour cesr epr esent at i
v es.
Sexualhar assment
Sex ualhar assmenti sdef i
nedi nt he Feder alSexualDi scr imi nat i
onAct( 1984)as‘ anyunwel comeor
unwant edsexualbehav iorwhi chmakesaper sonf eelof fended,humi l
iatedand/ ori nt i
mi dat edwher et hat
react ioni sr easonabl ei nt heci rcumst ance’ .
Sex ualhar assmenti nt hewor kpl acemor efr equent lyi nv olveswomenbei nghar assedbymen, althought he
rever sedoesal sooccur .Sexual har assmentcani nv olveact iviti
essuchas:
 uns ol i
ci tedt ouchi ngand/ orki ssi ng
 di spl ay i
ngpor nogr aphi cimagesi nt hewor kpl ace
 s exual suggest ionsandaski ngf orsexual f
av ors
 i nappr opr iatesexual comment sand/ orj okesofasexual nat ure.
Subst anceabuse
Subst anceabuseamongstempl oy eesi sani ghtmar ei nt hewor kplace.Azer ot olerancepol icyf ordr ugs
andal coholexi stsi nmanyi ndust ries.Thi si sbecauseanempl oy eet hatabusesposesar iskt ot hemsel ves
andal sot oot her s.Forexampl e,t hi nkofaschoolbusdr iv erwhoi saf fect edbyal coholandt her iskst hat
poses.
Subst anceabusecanr esul tinabsent eei sm, reducedpr oduct ivit
yandul ti
mat el
ycont ribut et obadmor alein
thewor kpl acei fot herst af fmember shav et opi ckupt hesl ack.Dr ugandal coholt est ingi nAust r
al i
an
wor kpl aces i s now pr ev alentacr oss manyi ndust ries,especi allyi nl argeror gani zat i
ons.I nt oxi cation
present s especi allyser i
ous saf etyconcer ns.I n some cases t her ei s speci f
icl egi slat ion aut hor i
zing
mandat or yt est ing–i nav iat ion,f ori nst ance.Manywor kpl aceshav epol ici
esandpr ocedur est odealwi th
wor ker swhoar eaf fect edbydr ugsoral cohol .
Chemi calandbi ol ogi calhazar ds
Chemi cal andbi ologi cal hazar dsar eav erycommont ypeofwor kpl acehazar d.Thi nkofal loft hechemi cals
thaty oust oreathome.Atwor ky our equi r
et heseandusual lymanymor e!
Cleani ngagent s( aci ds, basesandsol vent s)
Acut eef fectsofexposur et ot hesechemi cal scani ncl udeext remer espi r
at oryirri
tationandi mmedi ateand
sev ereey edamage.Ski n,ey e,orl ungexposur et oconcent ratedsol utionswi llcausei mmedi ate,sev ere,
penet ratingbur ns.
Exposur et ol ess concent rated sol ut ions mayhav e equal lyser ious ef f
ect s,butt he appear ance of
sy mpt omscanbedel ay edf orupt o24hour s.Thekeyr ulei s– i fy ouar eexposedt oahazar dous
subst anceseekmedi cal at tent ioni mmedi at ely,eveni fy oudonotf eel pain.
Dust sandv apor s
Ifpossi ble,t r
yandel i
mi nat edust sasmuchaspossi bl eal l.Forexampl e,i nsteadofahi ghl yv olatil
e
compoundpowdert hatpr oducesdust ,useasol id.Manydust ypowder sar eal soav ail
abl ei nbr ick,pel l
et,
past e,f lakes,oi ldampenedpowder s,andot herf ormst hatcr eat el essdustwhenhandl ed,andr educet he

11
 chanceofi nhal ingt hedust .
Thesemat erialscanbemor eexpensi vetopur chase,butt heyar esaf erf orwor ker st ohandl eandcanbe
cheaperwhenot hercost sar econsi dered, suchast hecostofv entilationt ocont rol dust.
Anot hercommonl yusedOHSwor kpr acticei st oal way suseav acuum cl eaner( nev ersweep)when
cleani ngupdustl eftov erf rom achemi calcompound.
2.
3I dent ifyandi mpl ementwor kplacepr ocedur esandwor ki nst r
uct ionsf orcont rolli
ngr i
sks
Ther iskmat rixusesawei ght i
ngsy stem oft hepr obabi li
tyofanacci dentoccur ri
ngmul ti
pli
edbyt hel i
kely
consequencesofanacci dent .Whenmul ti
pliedagai nsteacht her esul tisal ev elofr i
sk.
Forexampl e, Let ’st aket hehazar dofasetofst airs.Letussayt hatt heedgesoft hest epsi nquest ionar e
wor nandsmoot h,inwetweat hert heycanbel ikegl assandi naddi tiont her ei snohandr ai
lont hislargeset
ofconcr etest ai rs.
Cor r ectiveact ion
Whenassessi ngr isksempl oy ersshoul dal soi dentifythef act orst hatmaybecont r
ibut i
ngt ot herisk,and
takecor rectiveact ion.Thi smeansl ookingat :
 t hewor kpr emi sesandt hewor kingenv ironment ,includi ngt hei rlayoutandcondi ti
on
 t hecapabi l
ity,ski l
l,exper i
enceandageofpeopl eor dinar i
lyunder t
aki ngwor k
 t hesy stemsofwor kbei ngused
 t her angeofr easonabl yf oreseeabl econdi ti
ons.
Saf et yPr ocedur esatWor k
Saf et yi nt hewor kpl aceshoul dbeamanagementconcer n.saf etyf irsti magebyGr egPi ckensf rom
Fot ol i
a.com
Wor kpl acesaf et ypr ocedur esar edesi gnedt okeepempl oyees, visitorsandcust omer ssaf ewhi lehelpingt o
reducet hest ressassoci atedwi t
ht hewor kar ea.Companymanagementshoul dt aket het imet odev elop
saf et ypr ocedur esatwor kt hatgett heent irest affinv ol
v edi nmaki ngcompanysaf etyapr i
orit
y .
Occupat ional Heal thandSaf ety( OHS)l egi
slat ionr equirest hatal l f
or eseeabl ehazar dsar eidentifi
edand
ther isksar isingf r
om t hesehazar dsar eelimi nat edorcont rolled.
Riskmanagementi sal egal r
equi rementf oral lbusi nessesr egar dlessoft hei rsi
zeandbasi cal
lyi ti
nvolves
aski ngt hef ollowi ngquest ions:
o wh athazar dsexi sti nt hewor kplace?
o h owser iousar et hehazar ds?
o wh atcanbedonet ocont rol thesehazar ds?  
Riskmanagementi saf ourst eppr ocesswher ebyy ouident ifyhazar dsi nt hewor kplace, thenassesst he
ri
skoft hosehazar dsandt heni mpl ementcont rolmeasur es, whi chwi lleli
mi nateormi nimizet her i
skof
i
nj uryf r
om t hehaz ar dsy oui dent i
fied.
Cont rol measur eswhi chhav ebeenputi nplacemustber ev i
ewedper i
odi cal l
yt ocheckt hattheyact uallyfix
thepr oblem, wi thoutcr eatinganot herone.
Step1:hazar di dent ification
Hazar dscanbei dent ifiedt hrough:
o wo rkplacei nspect i
ons
o i nci dentr epor ti
ng
o r egi sterofi nj uries
o c onsul tationwi thempl oy ees
o f eedbackf r
om empl oy ees.  
Ther ear eanumberofbusi nessact i
viti
eswhi chcani nvolver iskt osaf ety.Thesecani ncl ude: 

12
o Pur chasi ng: theequi pmentorchemi calspur chasedt or uny ourbusi nessmayi ntroducesaf etyi ssues
(e.g.pl antandequi pment ;cleani ngagent s)
o Wo rkact iviti
es: incar r
y i
ngoutwor kt askst hephy sical andpsy chological demandsoft het asks,
equi pmentused, wor kingenv ironmentcanpl aceempl oy eesatr i
sk( e.g.r epet itiv
emov ement s, l
engt hof
timespentont hecomput er ,airqual ity ,
mat erialshandl ing)
o  Cont ract ors/ casualempl oy ees/ cust omer s: otherwor ker swhocomei ntot hewor kplacecanbeatr isk
orpl acey ourempl oy eesatr iskf rom t hewor kact ivi
tiest heyconduct( e. g.cl eani ngagent susedby
cleaner s, elect rical cont ractor s,v erbal abusebycust omer s).
 
Step2:r iskassessment
RiskAssessmentdet ermi neshowl ikelyandhowser ioust heef fectswi l
lbeonpeopl ei nthewor kpl ace
beingexposedt ot hehaz ard.Wor koutwhi chhazar dsar emostser iousanddeal wi ththem f irst.Toassess
ther i
sk, y oushoul dconsi der: 
o t het y peofhazar d
o h owsev er elycoul dt hehazar di njureorcausei l
lness( consequence)
o h owl i
kel yi sthi sconsequencegoi ngt ohappen( l
ikelihood)
o t hef r
equencyanddur ati
onofexposur e
o wh oi tmayef fect
o c apabi liti
es
o s ki l
ls, exper i
enceandageofpeopl e
o L ay outandcondi ti
onoft hewor kingenv i
ronment . 
Step3:r iskcont rol
RiskCont rol i
nv ol vesdeci dingwhatneedst obedonet oel imi nat eorcont rol ther i
skst ohealthandsaf ety.
Wher epossi ble, y oushoul dal way st r
yt or emov eorel i
mi nat et hepr oblem f rom t hewor kplace, forexampl e
byusi ngadi f
fer entpr ocess, orchangi ngt hewayaj obi sdone.
Ifitisnotpossi blet oel i
mi nat et hehazar d,theHi erar chyofRi skCont r
ol mustbeusedt odet er mi net he
mostef fect ivemeasur est omi nimi zet her i
sks.
Step4:r ev iew
Per iodicr eviewsofcont r
ol measur esandr iskassessment sshoul dbeconduct edt oensur et hecont rol
measur esi mpl ement edar eappr opr iateandef fect i
v eandt her iskassessment sar est i
llvali
d.Thi scanbe
achi ev edt hroughsaf etyaudi ts,regul arwor kpl acei nspect ions, consul tati
onwi thempl oyeesandr ev i
ewof
incidenti nv est i
gat i
ons.Ri skmanagementshoul dbebui ltint oal lwor kplaceact iviti
est hatcangi v er i
set o
saf etyi ssues.
Exampl e: Tr ainingonhowt osetupacomput erwor kst at i
ont ocompl ywi t her gonomi cprinciples.
Per sonalPr otect iveEqui pment( PPE)–pr ov ideahazar dspeci fi
cper sonalbar r
ierbywayofpr otect i
ve
equi pmentt or educet her i
skofi njur ytoani ndividual .
Exampl e: Earpl ugs, f
aceshi elds, steel cappedsaf etyboot s.
Not e:PPEi snotanaccept ablel ongt ermr esponset ohazar dcont r
ol.Longt erm measur esi nst it
ut edt o
cont r
ol hazar dsshoul dcomef rom ashi ghupont hehi erar chyofcont rolsasi sr easonabl ypossi ble.
Sour cesofener gy
Elect ri
cal
Elect ri
ci tyi sani nv isi
bl eandunf orgi vi
nghazar dt hatcanki llwithi nseconds.Fart oomanyel ectr i
cal-related
acci dent sser i
ousl yinjur eorki l
lwor kerseachy ear.
Empl oy eesatt hi swor kplacet houghtt hatt hissi t
uat ion( phot ot ot her ight )wasokay .Af t
eral l,thecabl es
hadal lbeencheckedandt agged.Howev er,whent heydi dasaf etyi nspect ionandgav emor ecar eful

13
consi der at i
ont ot hehaz ar ds, theyconcl udedt hati twasunsaf etoboi lwat eront opofanel ect r
icaldevice!
Ifawor kmat ei ssuf feringf rom anel ect ri
cshockandi ssti
l
ltouchi ngtheel ectr
icalequipment ,donott ouch
theper sonandt urnof ft hepower .
Radi at ion
Radi at i
oncannotbeseen.I tispar ti
cul arl
yhazar dousbecausei nst r
ument smustsubst it
utef oroursenses
i
ndet ect ingt hishazar d.Tr ainingandcont inuouscar eareneededt omaket herulesf ori
tssaf euse.
Wor kpl acer adi at i
onsour cescani nclude:
•medi cal equi pment( Xr ay s, CATscanner s, MRIs)
•wast es
•elect rical equi pment( suchascomput erscr eens)
•communi cat ionequi pment
•nat ur e.
Env ir
onment al hazar ds
Env ir
onment al hazar dscanhav ev eryser i
ousconsequences, butcanof tenbe
over l
ooked.Theycani ncl udehazar dssuchas:
•poorl i
ght ing
•ex cessi v enoi se
•weat her .
Noi se
Repet i
t i
v eexposur et oexcessi venoi sel evelscanl eadt ohear i
ngl oss.Thehai rcel
lsoft heeart hat
gener at ener v ei mpul sescanbedamagedordest royedwhent heyar eov erwor ked.Onlyaf ew haircells
maybel ostatat ime,butwi threpeat edexposur eov erdays,mont hsandy ears,thecumul ativeeffectcan
besubst ant ialandl eadt ohear i
ngl oss.Thi stypeofhear i
nglossi sper manentandt hereisnowayt orepair
i
tt or est orer easonabl ehear ing.
Inmanysi tuat ionsPPEcanbewor n( li
keearpl ugs/ earmuf f
s)inanat temptt omi nimisenoise.Noisel evels
canal sobemoni toredandt her i
skshoul dbeassessedandmoni tored.
Light i
ng
Insuf ficientl i
ght i
ngorgl ar ecanl eadt oey estrainorheadaches
Lear ningact i
v ity:Resear chhazar ds
Uset hei nt ernett omakeal i
stofhazar ds
Tryt of indexampl est hathav enotal r eadybeenusedi nthisGuide.I ncl
udeexampl esofallt
y pesofhazar ds:
•phy si cal
•mechani cal
•psy chosoci al
•chemi cal andbi ological
•sour cesofener gy
•env ironment al.
Followi ngup
Itisimpor tantwi thOHSi ssuest onev erassumet hatalli
swel l
.Ther eisaneedt o
const ant lyf ollowupandupdat epr ocedur esi fnecessar y
.
Updat ingpr ocedur es
Nor mal lyOHSi ssuesar ei dent ifi
ed, raisedatmeet i
ngsandt henupdat edby
empl oy eesandmanager sast heneedar i
ses.Theupdat emayoccuraf ter
consul tat ionsuchas:

14
•OHSmeet ings
•emai lst oHSR’ s
•cont actingOHScommi ttees
•cont actingmanagement
•cont actingrel
ev antOHSst ategovernmentaut hori
ti
esifmanagementand
OHSr epresentativesdonott akeconcernsseriouslyenough
•cont actingrel
ev antunions.
Howt oescal at
eOHSi ssues
I
fy ouhav eapr oblem youshoul dfir
stofallspeakt oyoursuperv i
sor.
I
fy ouar enott akenser i
ously ,t
henspeakt oyourOHSr epresentat
ive.
I
ft heissuei sser i
ousandy our ecei
venoassi stanceindeal i
ngwi t
hitfr
om yourworkpl
aceandy ouwisht o
takef urtheraction,theny ouhav etheopt i
onofcont acti
ngt herelev
antOHSGov ernmentauthori
ty,which
hast heirowni nspectors.Itisbetter
,though,tot r
yandwor koutallpr
oblemsin-
houseinthef
ir
stinstance.

SAFEWORKPRACTI
CESANDUSI
NGPERSONALPROTECTI
VEEQUI
PMENT(
PPE)

Simplemet hodst oimpl ementsaf ewor kpr act i

cesar edet ermi nedf rom compl etionofaHi erar
chyof
Control.Thispr ocessisl ikelyt oi denti
fyanumberofsaf ewor kpracticest hatar eimplementedint he
workplaceandwi l
lalway si ncludePer sonal Pr otecti
veEqui pment( PPE) .
WHATDI FFERENTTYPESOFPPEAREAVAI LABLEPer sonal ProtectiveEqui pment( PPE)compr isesa
rangeofcl othi
ngandequi pmentwhi chi swor nbyempl oy ees, students, contractorsorv i
sit
orsas
appropriatetopr otectorshi eldt heirbodi esf rom wor kpl acehazar ds.Ther earemanyt ypesofPPEt hatcan
beconsi deredi ncategor ies, basedont het ypeofpr ot ect i
onaf fordedbyt heequi pment .Haveal ookatthe
l
inkstot heUni versit
yofWest ernAust raliasi t
e:
Thelinkspr ovidespeci f
icdet ailsaboutar angeofPPEappl i
cabl etomanywor kplacesandpr ovi
desa
usefulreference.
 Respi r
atorypr otect i
on–egdi sposabl e, car tri
dge, airli
ne, halforf ullf
ace
 Ey eprotect ion–egspect acles/ goggles, shi elds, vi
sors
 Hear ingPr ot ection–egearmuf fsandpl ugs
 HandPr ot ect i
on–eggl ov esandbar r
iercr eams
 Footpr otect i
on–egshoes/ boot s
 HeadPr ot ect i
on–eghel met s,caps, hoods, hats
 Pr otecti
onf rom f alls–eghar nessandf allar restdev i
ces
 Ski nProtect ion–eghat s,sunbur ncream, l
ongsl eevedcl othes
 Ot herpersonal prot ecti
veequi pment-egpr ot ectiveclothingf orcr yogeni
cwor kor

15
 env ironment swi thhi ght emper atur es.
WHATI SYOUREMPLOYERSRESPONSI BI LITYRELATEDTOPPE?
Empl
oy er smustensur ethat :
 Theneedf orPPEi sassessedbyaper sonwhoi scompet entt oj udgewhet herothermet hodsofr isk
cont rol canof ferbet terpr ot ect ionofsaf etyandheal t
h,thant hepr ovisionofPPE
 .Pr of essi onal adv i
cei sobt ained, wher enecessar y,
toident ifyt hemostsui tablet y
pesofPPEf orthe
taskst obecar ri
edout .
 Tr ainingi spr ov i
dedt osuper v i
sor sandempl oy eest oenabl et hem t oensur ethepr opersel ecti
on, fi
t,
use, cleani ngandmai ntenanceofPPE.
 Super v i
sionandenf or cementoft hePPEpol i
cyi sunder taken.
 Ev aluat ionoft heef fect i
v enessoft hePPEpr ogr am iscar r
iedoutonar egularbasi s.
 Sui tabl ePPEi spr ovidedf orv isitorswhomaybeexposedt ohazar dsint hewor kplace.Equi pment
shal lbepr oper lycleanedbef or er e-issue.
 Al lequi pmentshal lcompl ywi thcur r entr el ev antAust r
alianSt andar dsandshoul dbest ampedor
label ledwi thanAScompl iancemar king.Exi sti
ngPPEshal lber e-assessedr egularlyt oensur e
compl iance.
WHATI SYOURRESPONSI BI LI TYRELATEDTOPPE?
Empl
oy eesmust :
 Uset hepr otect i
vecl ot hingorequi pmenti nt hemannerwhi chheorshehasbeeni nst ruct ed.
 •Notmi suseordamaget hecl ot hingorequi pment .
 Repor tdamageormal funct ioni mmedi ately .
 Cl eanorst eril
izecl othi ng, equi pmentasr equi red.
WHENMUSTPPEBEUSED
Asafetyhel metmustbewor nwher e:
 t her ei sapossi bil
it
yt hataper sonmaybest ruckont heheadbyaf al
lingobj ect•
 aper sonmayst ri
kehi s/ herheadagai nstaf i
xedobj ect
I
tshoul dbenot edt hat‘ bumpcaps’ ,commonl ywor nt oprot ectagai nstmi ni mum si deway si mpact ,do
notpr ov i
depr otectionagai nstanyoft hehazar dsdescr i
bedabov e.
Awi der angeofaccessor iescanbef ittedt ohel met stomaket hem mor esui tableforv ariablewor king
condi ti
ons.
Exampl esar easf ollows:
 ar etainingst rapwor nei therundert hechi noratt henapeoft heneck
 abr acketandcabl ecl ipf ort heat tachmentofal amp
 aney eshi eld,faceshi el dorwel dingshi eld
 awi debr imf oraddi t
ional shadei nhotcl imat es
 Neckf l
apsf orpr otect ionagai nstweat her ,mol t enmet al spl ash, hotsubst ances, etc.
 al i
ningf orcol dcondi ti
ons
 earmuf fsCar eshoul dbet akent oensur et hataccessor iesandt heirat tachmentsy stemsdonot
reducet hesaf etychar act er isticsoft hehel met ,noradv er sel yaf f
ectt hebal anceorcomf ortofthe
hel met .
Ey ePr otect ionmustbewor nwher e:
 Ar iskofey einjuryexi st ssuchasf ly i
ngpar t i
cles, dust,splashi ngsubst ances, harmf ulgases,
vapour s, aerosol s,andhi ghi nt ensi tyr adi ationf rom weldi ngoper ati
ons, l
asersandst rongheat
sour ces.

16
  Consider at i
onmustbegi vent ot heneedf orpr otectingper sonswhoar ewor ki
ngnear byorpassi ng
cl
oset ohazar dousar eas.I ti sessent ial thatt hemaxi mum degr eeofey epr otectioni spr ov i
ded.
Thefoll
owi ngshoul dbeconsi der edwhensel ect i
ngappr opriateey epr otect i
on:
 Nat ur eofr i
skt ot heey ese. g.r adiat i
on, i
mpact ,dust /abrasivepar ticles,l
iquid/chemi cal splashor
spr ayet c.
 Condi tionsunderwhi cht heper soni swor king
 Visual r equi rement soft het ask
 Per sonal prefer ence/ comf ortofwear er .Thi smayi ncludeappear ance, wei ght,v entil
ationand
unr est rictedv ision.
 Condi tionofper son’ sey esi ght.
 Theneedf orey epr otect iont ohav eappr opr i
atei mpactr ati
ngandbef i
tfort ask
Thefollowi nggener al ey epr otect orsar eav ailable:
 Goggl es-Aney epr otect orf i
tti
ngt hecont ouroft hef aceandhel dinposi tionbyanadj ustable
headband.
 Wi deVi si
onGoggl es-Aney eprot ect ori nwhi cht hel ensorl ensesext endov ert hef ullwidthof
thef aceaf fordingal argef ieldofv ision.
 Wel di ngHel met-Ar i
gidey epr otect orwhi chi swor nbyt heoper atort oshieldt heey es, face,
foreheadandf rontoft heneck.
 Wel di ngHandshi el d-Ar i
gi dey epr otect orwhi chi shel di nthehandt oshieldt heey es, f
ace,
foreheadandf rontoft heneck.
 Faceshi eld-Adev icewhi chi ncludesat ranspar entv isor,suppor tedi nfrontoft hef acet oshi eld
theey es.
 Saf et ySpect acles-Aney epr otectorwi thpr otectivelensesmount edi nspect acle-typef rames, or
integr al l
ymol dedi nt othef rameswi thorwi thoutsi deshi el
ds, andhel di
nposi tionbyt hesi de
arms.
 Ti ntedSaf etySpect acles/ Goggl es-Thesemaybepr ovidedt oempl oyeeswhor equireey e
prot ect ionandwhoar egener allyrequi redt owor kout door s.
Heari
ngPr ot
ect ionmustbewor nwher e:
Apersoniswor ki ngi nornearanoi syenv ir
onment .
Thefol
lowinghear ingpr otect i
ondev icesar ecommonl yav ailable.
 Di sposabl eHear i
ngPr otectionDev ice–Ahear ingpr otectiondev i
cef or medbypacki nga
sui tablemat eriali ntoorar oundt heearcanal .Di sposabl ehear i
ngpr ot ect i
ondev icesar e
di scar dedaf t erasi ngl ewear ing.
 Ear pl ug–Ahear i
ngpr otectiondev ice,ot hert handi sposabl ehear ingpr otectiondev i
ces,
thati sinser t edi nt ot heearcanal .
 EarCanal Cap–Ahear ingpr otect iondev icet hatcov erst heearcanal ent ranceandi sheld
inpl acebyaheadband.
 Ear muf f–Ahear i
ngpr otect iondev i
cet hatcov erst heent ireearandi shel di npl acebya
suspensi onsy stem.
 Hel met–Ahear ingpr otectiondev icet hatcov erst heear sandanappr eciablepar toft he
head.
 Suspensi onSy st em –Adev icet hathol dst hehear i
ngpr otect i
ondev i
cei npr operposi t
ion
ont hewear er ’
shead.Asuspensi onsy stem maybeaheadband,aneckbandorasaf ety
hel met .

17
Thef ol
lowi ngf act orsmustbeconsi der ed:
 t hedev icemustat tenuat enoi set oal ev elnotgr eatert han85dB( A)
 wei ght
 f orear muf fsandearcanal caps, thecl ampi ngf orce
 Sui tabi lityf orusewi t
hot herper sonal prot ectionequi pmentsuchashel met s,goggl eset c.
 accept abi lit
yt ot hewear er
Respirat or ypr ot ect i
onmustbewor nwher e:
Aper soni swor kingi nanenv i
ronmentwher et her eis:
 def iciencyofoxy gen
 par ticul at econt ami nants
 gaseousorv apourcont ami nant s
AirPurify i
ngDev ices
 DustMasks–usedf orpr otect i
onagai nstnui sancedust ssuchassawdust ,chal k, plantr el
atedand
sandi ngdust s.Thesear egener allynotsui tablef ort oxi csubst ances.
 GasFi l
t ers–f il
terf itt
edi nt oahal ffacemask,f ullf acemaskorhood,sui tabl ef orr emov ingl ow
concent rat esofcer t
aingasesandv apour s.
 Par ticul at eFi l
ters–t hesear eusedt or emov efinelydi videdsol i
dorl i
qui dparticlesf rom t hei nhaled
air.Par ticul atef i
ltershav eapr ef ix‘P’andanumberi ndicati
ngacl asscor respondi ngt ofiltr
ati
on
eff i
ci encyagai nstal abor ator ychal l
engeaer osolofsodi um chlor i
de.P1,P2andP3f iltersr oughly
cor respondt othef ormerL, M andHcar tri
dges.
 Combi nedGasandPar ti
cul ateFi lters–f ilt
ercombi nat ionsar eusedwher ebot hhazar dt y
pesmay
exi st.
WhichSuppl yAi r
Thesei ncl udeai rli
ner espi ratorsandsel fcont ainedbr eathingappar atus.Useoft hisequi pmentr equires
detail
edt raini ng.Exampl eofusear easmaybespr ayboot hs, PC4bi ohazar dl absandsandbl ast i
ng.
Achievingagoodf acialseali sessent i
al .Faci alhai rsuchasbear dsandsi debur nspr ev entacl osef i
tand
spectacl esorev enf aciali rr
egul aritymayal sopr esentpr obl ems.Test si nv olvi
ngdet ectionofodor sand
grossleakageshoul dbecar ri
edout .
Skinprot ect ionmustbewor nwher e:
Empl oyeesar er equi redt owor kout door sandar eexposedt ot hesun’ sray s.Youshoul d:
 At temptt oschedul ewor kthatmustbecompl etedi nful lsunt obef or e10am andaf t er3pm.
 Useshadewher ev erpossi ble.
 Wearl ooseandcl oselywov encl othing( l
ongsl eev ed, but tonup,col laredshi r
t,gl oves) .
 Weara10cm wi debr immedhatorhatwi thaneckf lap.
 Useabr oadspect rum wat err esist antSPF30+sunscr eenatl east10–15mi nutesbef oregoi ngouti n
thesun.Reappl yev ery2hour swhi l
eout door s.
 Dr i
nkpl ent yofwat er.
 Wearcl osef i
tt
ingEPF10r atedsungl asses.
 Wher ei nsectbor nedi seasemaybecont r
act ed( e.gRossRi verVi rus),useappr opr iatei nsect
repel l
ent .
Handpr ot ect ionmustbewor nwhen:
Thenumberofappl i
cat ionsf orwhi chhandpr otect i
onmustbepr ovidedi sv eryext ensi ve.I ngener al
,
protectioni spr ov idedwher evert her ei sahazar dandi ti sessent i
althatt hecor rectt ypei susedf ora
specifi
ct ask.

18
Footpr otect ionmustbewor nwhen:
The t ypes ofdut ies per f ormed r equi re pr otect iv
ef oot wear .The f oot wearmay al so hav e speci al
char act er
ist i
cssuchaspr ot ectivet oecap, thicknessandt ypeofuppermat erials,thicknessandt ypeofsol e,
chemi calresi st antsol es,penet rationr esist antmi dsol esandel ect ri
cal conduct i
ve/ant istaticpr oper t
ies.
Prot ect i
onf rom f al l
s
Af ul lbodyhar nesswi thlany ardat tachmentatt hebackshoul dbeused, toensur eaper soncannotsl ipout
oft hehar ness.Sy stemsmustal sobeputi npl acet oensur ethataper sonsuspendedt hiswaycanqui ckl y
ber escuedi ft heneedar i
ses.
OtherPPE
Thi smayi ncl udePPEf orspeci fict askssuchdi sposabl ecl othingf orwor kingwi t
hchemi cals,r adiation
hazar ds,wel ding,pai nting.Exampl esi nclude:l eadapr onsf orx- raypr ot ection;sl eev epr otect ors,apr ons,
cov er allswhenusi ngchemi cals;leat herj acket s, tr
ouser sandspat sf orwel ding; t
her mal andcol dpr otective
clot hingf orwor knearf urnacesandcool rooms
2.4Repor temer gencyi ncident sandi njuriest odesi gnat edper sons
Repor ti
ngPr ocess
Oneoft heway stohel pgetempl oy eesandmanagementi nv olvedt oget heri nt hesaf et ypr ocedur esofy our
companyi st oi mpl ementar epor tingpr ocess.Whenempl oy eesseepot ent ialsaf etypr obl ems, theyshoul d
bet rainedt oav oidt ry i
ngt ohandl et hepr obl emsont hei
rown.Empl oy eesshoul dbeawar eoft hesaf et y
repor ti
ngpr ocess,andr epor tsaf et yi ssuesi mmedi ately.Whent hest af fknowshow t or epor tsaf et y
concer ns,itwi llkeepev eryonemor ev igil
antonl ooki ngoutf orpr oblems.Thi scr eatesacul t
ur eofsaf et y
wit hint hecompanyt hatcanhel pt hecompanymai nt
ai nasaf ewor kenv ironment .
3 Par ti
cipat ei nOHSconsul tati
vepr ocesses
3. 1Cont ribut et owor kplacemeet i
ngs, inspect ionsorot herconsul t
ativ eact i
vit
ies
Wor kpl acemeet ingsanddi scussi ons
Ev erywor kpl ace wi l
lhav e st affmeet ings/ team meet i
ngs,f ormaland i nf ormaldi scussi ons.When a
busi nesspl acesapr operv alueont het i
mespentbypeopl epr epar i
ngf orandat tendi ngmeet ings,i tis
qui cklyseent hatt heyar eav eryexpensi veexer cise.Hav ey ouev erbeent ooneoft hosemeet ingswher eno
obj ect iveswer emet ,noact i
onswer eagr eeduponandgener al l
yi twasacompl etewast eofy ourt ime?
Effect iv emeet ingpr ocedur esar eessent ialt oensur et hatt hemaxi mum out puti sgai nedf rom ameet ing.
Somebasi cexpect ationsar e:
Acl ear lydef inedpur poset oy ourmeet ing
Askquest ionssuchas;Whyar ewemeet i
ng?Whatar ewet r y
ingt oachi ev e?Ar ewemeet i
ngf ormeet i
ngs
sake?Howev er,consi dert hatatt i
mest hepur poseofbr ingingpeopl et oget herf orameet i
ngmaybet o
achi ev eot heri mpor t antint erper sonalobj ecti
v esl iket eam bui lding,br ainst ormi ngorgr ouppr obl em
sol ving.Makesur et haty ou clear l
ycommuni cat et hemeet ing pur posewel lbef orehand,t hisgi ves
attendeest i
met ogat herideasorr esear chi ssuespr i
ort oat tendingt hemeet ing.
Adv isepeopl eoft hemeet ingi nt imef ort hem t obeabl etoat t
end
Itisamazi nghowof tenkeypeopl ear el eftoutofmeet i
ngsorar enotabl et oat tendsi mpl yduet oal ackof
planni ngandsuf ficientnot ice.
Setanagenda
Anagendaai mst okeepdi scussi onsont rackandt okeepev eryonef ocussedont hei ssues.Theagenda
shoul dbedi st r
ibut edt oat tendeesbef oret hemeet ing.
Star tandf inishont ime
Makesur et hemeet ingst ar t
sandf inishesont imesopar t
icipant sfeelt hatt heirtimei sv aluedandt hat

19
theycanpl anf oref fect ivemeet ingpar ticipat iont of itwithinthei rwor kload.
Managet hepar t
icipant s
Itisimpor tantt hatev er yper sonf eel sthei rat tendanceandcont r i
but i
onisv al
ued.Peopl emustbegi venthe
oppor tunityt o expr esst heiropi nion aswel lasr ecogni sing t heymustal so l
isten t o otherswi t
hout
i
nt err
upt i
on.Cl earconf li
ctmanagementst rategi esmustbei npl ace.
Fol l
owuponagr eedact i
ons
Theef fi
ciencyandv alueofmeet ingscanbemeasur edbyt hemeet i
ngsout putandi tsef fect
ivenessin
reachingagr eedobj ectives.Byensur ingagr eedout comesandact i
onsar epr oper l
yf ollowed,acl ear
messagei ssentshowi ngt hatt hemeet inghasbeenpr oduct i
v eandnotawast eoft ime.
Takeanddi st ri
but emi nut es
Mi nutetaki ngi sanef f
ect ivewayoft r
acki ngt hedi scussionst hatt akeplaceint hemeet i
ng.I tcanalsohelp
tomoni toragr eedact ionsandt heirduedat es.I tisi mpor tantt hatf oll
owingt hemeet i
ng,t hemi nutesare
distri
butedt ot hoset hatat tendedaswel lasanypeopl ewhower eabsentont heday .TheYouTubebel ow
prov i
desacl earandi nfor mat ivev ideoofhow t or unanef fectivemeet i
ng.I tcl earlyshowsasmal l
wor kplacemeet ingscenar i
ot hatwoul doccuri nmanybusi nessesonmanyoccasi ons.Ensur i
ngt he
meet ingi spr oper lymanagedasdemonst rat edi nt hev ideo,wi llensurey ourmeet ingsar eef f
ecti
veand
product i
v ef ort hebusi nessandt hepar ticipant s.
Talkt oy oursuper vi
sorandaskt hei rper mi ssiont ocompl etet heact i
vi
tybelow.
 Whywasy ourwor kplacemeet inghel d?
 Whatwasgoodaboutt hemeet ingandwhy ?
 Whatwasbadaboutt hemeet i
ngandwhy ?
 Whatar ey oursuggest ionsf ori mpr ov ement ?
Team Meet ings
Hol dr egul arst af fmeet ings.Theyonl yneedt obe10- 20mi nut eslong.Ai mt oachi evet woway
communi cat ionwi thy ouandy ourst aff.
Whati sthepur poseofmeet ings?
 Gi vepeopl einf ormat ionaboutt hebusi nessi ngener al;it
’sgoal s,chall
engeset c
 Sol v epr oblems
 Di scussi deas
 Ex pl ainsomet hing
 Re por tonpr ogr ess
 Sha rei nf ormat ion
Whatcangowr ongatmeet ings?
 Ca nbesl ow/ frust rating
 Of tengo“ offt rack”
 Node cisionsar emade-ort heyar euncl ear
 Goont ool ong
 Domi nat edbyaf ewpeopl e
 Ge tboggeddowni nt ri
v i
al i
ssues
 Pe opl edon’ tsaywhatt heyt hi nk
 Fi ght s
 Nof ollowup
 Nor ecor dofdeci sionsmade
 Noa gendat ot ell whatwi llbedi scussed

20
Suggest i
onsf ormaki ngy ourmeet ingsef fectiv e
 Dat esoff utur emeet ings( notjustt henextmeet i
ng)ar esetwel laheadsot hatpeopl ecan
makear r
angement st oat t
endandcanr ecor dt hei nf ormat i
oni nt heirdiar ies
 Makesur eev ery onehasachancet ocont ri
but e
 Deci deont hepur poseoft hemeet i
ngandst ickt oi t
 Usemi nut esandagendas
 Ther ear et i
meest imat esofhowl ongeachagendai tem shoul dt ake
 Hav eachai rper sont okeept hemeet i
ngont rack
 Li stent opeopl e
 Dr awoutqui etermember s,byaski ngdi rectquest ions
 Fur nit
ur ei sar rangedsoev eryonecanseeev ery oneel se.
 Att hef rontoft her oom,t her eisapl acet or ecor di deas,pr eferablyonaf lipchartsot hatt he
inf ormat ioncanbesav ed.
 Atl eastonceort wi cedur i
ngt hemeet i
ngsomeoneasks,“ How ar ewedoi ngonourmeet ing
pr ocesst oday ?Howcanwebemor epr oduct ive? ”
 Thosei nat tendanceconsi derwhet herany oneel seshoul dbei nv olvedand, ifsowho
 Att heendoft hemeet ing, peoplerev iewwhowi llbedoi ngwhatbef oret henextmeet i
ng
Induct i
ons
Wor kpl aceheal thandsaf etyi nduct i
onpr ov i
desnew empl oy eeswi t ht heini tiali nformat ion,inst ruction,
trainingandsuper visi onneededt of uncti
onsaf elyandef fect i
v elyon- the- j
ob.
Induct i
onsar eanoppor tuni t
yt oi nstilaposi ti
v eat tit
udet owor kplaceheal thandsaf ety( especi all
ywhen
reinfor cedbyt heposi ti
v eat ti
tudesofmanagementandot herwor ker s).Awor ker ’sexper i
encesi nt hef irst
fewweeksonanewj obort askcoul dshapet hei rattit
udest ot hei rwor kandt hei rat titudet oOHS.
Ref reshert r
aining
Ref reshersaf etyt raini ngi nv olv est heprov i
si onofongoi ngi nf ormat i
on, i
nstruct ion, traini
ngandsuper v i
sion.
Itpr ov ides oppor tuni tyf orexi st i
ng staf fmember st o enr ich t heirknowl edge and under standi ng of
wor kpl acesaf et y.
Knowwher etogeti nf ormat i
on
For malt r
ainingi sgr eat , butsomet imesy oumayneedt of indoutt hingsony ourown.For tunat ely,ther ear e
manysour cesofi nf ormat i
onf orOHSbot hi nandar oundy ourwor kplace
OHSnot i
ceboar ds
OHSnot i
ceboar dsal lowt heHSRand/ ort heOHSCommi tteet odi ssemi natei nf ormat i
ont oallst aff.Thi s
i
nf ormat i
oni ncl udes:
•saf et ynot i
ces
•wor kpl acehazar ds
•traini ng.
Usual l
yt heseboar dsar eposi ti
onedi nat eaorl unchr oom,ori nar eawher eal lst affar elikelyt oseet hem
andr eadt hei nfor mat ion.I ntranet sar et er r
ifict oolsf ordi ssemi nat ingOHSi nf or mationandst af fwi l
l
alway sknowt ol ookt her et of i
ndt heirwor kpl acesaf et yi nfor mat ion.AnyOHSf ormsandcopi esofsaf ety
alertscanbepl acedont heI ntranetf orallst afft oseeanduseasar ef erence.I mpor tantsaf et
yi nformat ion
i
sal sosomet i
mesmadeav ail
ableont heor gani zation’swebsi te.
Emai ls, memosandsaf et yal erts
YourHSRand/ orOHSCommi t
teecaneasi lyshar el ar geamount sofi nformat ioncheapl yandqui cklyv ia
emai lst owor ker s.Anur gentquer yfrom awor kercanbesentv iaemai ltothei rsaf etyrepr esent ativeand

21
answer edt hesameway .
Memoscanal sobeci rcul atedt oal lst afff rom t heHSRand/ orOHSCommi t
tee.Saf etyalertsarer emi nder s
aboutv arioust opi cs.Forexampl e,t heHSRmaywantt or emi ndwor kersaboutpay i
ngpar ti
cularattent i
on
to‘fall
s, slipsandt r
ips’ andwr iteasaf etyal er tforal l
stafftobev igilanti nt hisar ea
3.2Rai seOHSi ssueswi t
hdesi gnat edper sonsi naccor dancewi thor ganizat i
onal procedur es
Ifyouhav ehadt heoppor tuni tyt oobser veawor kpl ace,youmayhav ef ormedv iewsaboutt hewayi nwhi ch
i
tappl iesOHS.Thi nkaboutawor kpl acey ouhav ebeent oandcompl et ethef oll
owi ngsur vey.
Ther angeofscor esachi ev edi nt hesur veycanr unf rom 0( v er ypoor )to50( verygood) .Thescor eisr eal l
y
j
ustani ndi cat iv enumber ,butt hemai ngoal fort hel earneri st ocont inuallyst rivet oimpr ov ethatscor e
Thissect ioni nt r
oducesy out osomeoft hekeyconcept st hatar epar tofmoder nwor kplaceOccupat i
onal
Heal thandSaf et y( OHS)
Whyi sOHSi mpor tant ?
Theshor tansweri s, sot haty ouandy ourwor kmat esgohomesaf el yatt heendofeachday !
Wor kpl aceheal thandsaf et yaut hor ities
Eachst at eandt er ri
tor yi nAust raliahasi tsown‘ Wor kCov er’or‘ Wor kSaf e’statut oryaut horit
y .Themai n
aimsoft heseaut hor i
t i
esar et o:
•helpav oidwor kpl acei njur i
esoccur ri
ng
•enf orceal lOHSl aws
•prov ider easonabl y-pr icedwor kpl acei njur yinsur ancet oempl oy ers
•managewor ker scompensat ionschemes.
Itshoul dbenot edt hatundert heOHSAct‘ of f
icer s’ofanor gani zat i
onorcompanycanbepr osecut edi f
theynegl ectt omaket hewor kpl acesaf e.Gener allythosepeopl eatt hemostseni orlevelsofor ganizations
whoar egenui nel yi naposi t
iont opr ev entcont rav entionsoft heActar et hepeopl eheldr esponsi ble.
Policiesandpr ocedur es
Whi l
el egi slat iont ellsy ouwhaty oumustdo,i tdoesn’ tusual lyt el ly ouhow t odoi t.Or ganizat i
onsmust
havepol iciesandpr ocedur est oputOHSl egislat i
oni ntopr act ice.OHSpol icyandpr ocedur espr ovidedi rect
andcl eari nst ruct i
onsf ori mpl ement ingOHSi nt hewor kplace.
Whatar eOHSpol icies?
Anempl oy eri sr equi redbyl awt opr ov idea‘ saf esy stem ofwor k’.Thi smeansanempl oy erneedsamet hod
ofcommuni cat i
ng,dupl icat ingandi mpl ement ingasaf ewayofwor king.Thebasi sf ort hispr ocesses
occupat ional heal thandsaf et ypol icies.
AnOHSpol icyi sast at ementaboutani ssueandsay swhatt heor gani zation’sobj ectiveisi nregar dstot he
i
ssue.I tal soout l
ineswhati sexpect edofempl oy ees.
Whatar eOHSpr ocedur es?
OHSpr ocedur esar eal egalr equi rement .Apr ocedur eisast ep- by -stepi nst ruct i
ononhowt ounder takea
wor kact ivityort asksaf el yandachi ev ea‘ saf esy stem ofwor k’.OHSpr ocedur esi nstructt hewor kplace
howt ocompl ywi tht her equi rement soft hev ar i
ouscodesofpr act iceandsaf etyregul ati
ons.
Whatar ey ourr olesandr esponsi bi l
ities?
Ingener al ,y ourr olesandr esponsi biliti
esi nOHSi nt hewor kplacear et o:
 knowy ourwor kpl aceOHSpol icyandpr ocedur es
 f ollow y ourwor kpl acesaf ewor kingpr ocedur es(somet imescal l
ed‘ saf eoper atingpr ocedur es’,or
SOPs)
 par ticipat ei nconsul t
at iveOHSact ivi
ties
 i dent ifyhazar dsandi ncident si ny ourwor kpl aceandcont ribut et or educi ngt hem

22
  Hav eaposi tiveat t i
tudeandkeepact i
ve.
 Mostj obdescr i
pt ionsi ncl udei nfor mat ionabouty ourOHSr esponsi bil
iti
esandwhaty oursaf etyrole
wi ll bei nt hewor kpl ace.
Pr i
nci pl esofOHS
Under st andi ngandembr aci ngsomebasi cpr i
ncipl eswi llhel py out opar ticipateef fect ivel
yi nOHSi nt he
wor kpl ace.
Saf etyi sev er yone’ sr esponsi bili
ty
Ever yoneatal ll evelsofanor gani zat ion,f rom t hecompanydi rect orstot hewor kersont hef act oryfl
oor,
hasanobl igat ionbyl aw t ober esponsi bleaboutOHS.I tal somakesgoodsenseeconomi callyforall
wor ker sconsi dersaf et yatal ltimes.
Saf etyi sav aluenotj ustapr iority
OHSpol i
cyshoul dbet houghtofasagui dingwor kplacev aluet hatmustal way sbeconsi der edi nany
under taki ng.Whenor gani zat ionshav et hisf ocus,t her ei smor echanceofi mpor tant,l ong-lastingsaf ety
pract ices.
OHSpol i
ci esandpr ocedur esshoul dnotbeseenassomet hingext r
at hatt heor gani zat i
onsomet imes
follows, orev eni nci dent allydoes.Theyshoul dbeembeddedi nt ot heor gani zation’scul ture.
Youhav eadut yofcar e
Asar esul tofal lthewor kpl acef eder alandst at elawst her eexi st sa‘ dutyofcar e’
.
Thi snor mal lymeanst hatal l empl oy er sandempl oy eeshav eanobl igati
ont oensur easaf ewor kplace.Not e
thatempl oy eesar eal sor esponsi blet oensur esaf ewor kplaces,notj ustempl oyers.Dut yofcar emeans
planni ngf ort hepr ev ent ionofwor kpl aceacci dent s, injuriesandi llnesses.
Thi sinv olv est hef ollowi ngunder taki ngs.
•Iti st heempl oy er’sr esponsi bil
ityt oensur et hatal lr easonabl ypr acti
cabl emeasur eshav ebeent akent o
cont r
ol risksagai nstal lpossi bl einj ur i
esar i
singf rom t hewor kpl ace.
•Theempl oy er’sdut yofcar eappl iest oal lpeopl ei nt hewor kpl ace, i
ncludingv i
sitorsandcont ract ors.
Ther ei sagener alobl i
gat i
ononsuppl iersofpl antandsubst ancest oensur et hatt hepr oduct st heyar e
suppl y ingar enotar iskt oheal thandsaf et ywhenpr oper lyused.Thi smeanssuppl i
ersmustpr ovide
i
nf or mat i
onont hecor r ectuseandpot enti
alhazar dsassoci at edwi tht heuseoft hepr oduct sint he
wor kpl ace.Ther eisagener alobl igat iononempl oy eest ot akecar eofot her sandcooper atewi thempl oyers
i
nmat tersofheal t
handsaf ety .Anempl oyeemustcooper atewi tht heempl oy erorot herr elevantper sons
sof arasi snecessar yt oenabl ecompl i
ancewi tht heOHSAct .
3.3Takeact ionst oel i
mi nat ewor kpl acehazar dsort oreducer i
sks
Whati sar i
sk?
Ar iski st hechance( orl i
kel ihood)t hatahazar dwi llcausehar mt opeopl e.
Thechanceofsomet hingoccur ringt hatwi l
l r
esul tini njuryordamage
Exampl e: hazar dsandr i
sks
Frank’ sbr ot her ,Lest er,l ivesi nMel bour ne.Hehasn’ tbot her edt opr epar ef ort ropicalcy clones.Why ?,
Becauset her iskofacy clonehi ttingMel bour nei sv er y,ver yl ow.Whenconsi deringt hepossi bl
ehazar ds
thathehast opr epar ef or ,
Lest eri smor econcer nedaboutt hingsl ikedroughtandbushf ires.
Cont rollingr isksandhazar ds
Somecont rolswhi chcoul dbeputi ntopl aceiny ourwor kplacef ort heabov ehazar dsar e:
SlipsandTr ips
 Don’ tl eav et hingsl yingont hegr oundwher esomeonecoul dt r
ipovert hem.
 Hav esi gnageupi ff l
oorsur facei swett opr ev entsl ips.
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  Cov erov ercor dset c.onf l
oor ssopeopl edon’ ttrip.
Li f
ting
 Nev ert ryt ol if
tany t
hingt hati stooheav y .
 Al way saskf orassi stance.
 Pl any ourl ift,
par ti
cularlyifitem isl arge, awkwar dorpossi bl
yunst abl
e.
 Beshownt hecor rectpr ocedur ef orlifti
ngany thing.
 Bendf rom t heknees, noty ourback
Electricity
 Nev erusef aul tyel ect ri
calequi pmentorcor dset c.
 I fani tem i sdamagedorf aul ty,tagitimmedi atelyandr emov eitfr
om service.
 Don’ tmi xel ect ri
citywi t
hwat er.
 Al way suseel ectrical equipmenti nthemannerf orwhi chi twasmade.
Machi nery
 Nev eroper atemachi neryundert hei nfl
uenceofdr ugsoral cohol .
 Nev eroper atemachi ner yunl essy ouar et rainedt ooper atet hatmachi nery
.
 Keepcl earofmov ingmachi neryatal ltimes.
Fire
 Beawar eofy ourwor kplacesf ireprocedur e.
 Knowwher ef i
reext inguisher sar elocat edandhowt ouset hem.
 Becar eful wheni nandar oundf l
ammabl esubst ances.
 Readsi gnagecar ef ullyinregar dst of l
ammabl esubst ances.
Fire
 Beawar eofy ourwor kplacesf i
repr ocedur e.
 Knowwher ef i
reext inguisher sar elocat edandhowt ouset hem.
 Becar eful wheni nandar oundf l
ammabl esubst ances.
 Readsi gnagecar eful l
yinr egar dst oflammabl esubst ances
Impr ov i
ngSaf ety
Hav ingt her i
ghtat tit
udes,bei ngawar eandf ollowi ngpr ocedur esar eal lessenti
alforeff
ecti
veworkplace
safet y
.Howev er, thef inal keyt oef f
ect i
v ewor kplacesaf et yi
st otakeact ivestepstoimprovesafet
y.
Hav ingt her i
ghtat tit
udes,bei ngawar eandf ollowi ngpr ocedur esar eal lessenti
alforeff
ecti
veworkplace
safet y
.Howev er, thef inal keyt oef f
ect i
v ewor kplacesaf et yi
st otakeact ivestepstoimprovesafet
y.
4.Fol l
owsaf et ypr ocedur es
4.1Ident ifyandr epor temer gencyi ncident s
Repor tingpr obl ems
Repor tinganypr obl ems, suchasi njuri
esandi nci dent sisessent ial.
Whati sanacci dent ?
Anacci denti sanev entwhi chcausesani njurytoaper son, and/ ordamaget opropert
yand/orequi
pment .
An i ncidenti san ev entwhi ch hast hepot entialt o causei njury,and/ ordamaget o pr
opertyand/or
equipment .I ncident scani nclude‘ nearmi sses’ .
Allacci dent sori nci dent sshoul dbei nvest i
gatedandcor recti
v eact i
ont aken.
Repor tingwor kplacei njur i
esori ll
nesses
Whenanacci dentori ncidentoccur sy oumustmakesur eiti sr epor t
edt othedesignat
edOHSper soni n
yourwor kpl ace.
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Designat edOHSper sonsaty ourwor kplacemayi nclude:
•designat edheal thandsaf etyof fi
cer s
•electedheal thandsaf etyr
epr esent ati
ves
•super visor s
•manager s
•team l eader s
•otherper sonsaut hori
zedornomi natedbyt heenterpri
seorindustry
.
Youmayber equiredt ocompl eteani ncidentreportfor
mf oryoursel
forasawi t
nessforanotherperson.I
f
someonei sinjuredi nawor kplaceacci dent,youmayhav ereporti
ngresponsibi
l
iti
esthatyouneedt o
compl ywi th.
Normal lyani ncidentr epor
tf orm asksaser iesofquestionsthroughtheinvesti
gati
on.Typicalsample
questionsar e:
•Whendi dt heacci dentoccur?
•Cany oudescr ibet heactualacci dent?
•Whatwer et hewor kareacondi ti
onsatt het i
me?
•Whatf act ors(ifany )contr
ibutedt ot heacci dent

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