PHYSICS

RARE
PROJECT
SHAMBHAVI JHA
XI-E
D6618
Table of
Contents!
Introduction
Overview of Projectile Assignment
Firefighter Plane
Research Work
Horizontal Projection
of Projectile and
Formulas
 01
Introduction
Projectile
 Introduction
(ii)Vertical Velocity: A uniformly changing
What is Projectile ? velocity(increasing or decreasing) in the
vertical direction due to gravity.
Projectile is the name given to a body
thrown with some initial velocity at some The two perpendicular velocities are
angle with the horizontal direction, and independent of each other.
then allowed to move in two dimensions under
the action of gravity alone.

Trajectory: Path followed by a projectile.

Projectile moves under combined

effect of two velocities:

(i)Horizontal Velocity: A uniform velocity

in the horizontal direction, which would not
change provided there is no air resistance.
 02
Research Work
Horizontal Projection of
Projectile and Formulas
Horizontal Projection of a Projectile
Let OX be a horizontal line parallel to ground and OY be a vertical
line perpendicular to ground. Let O be the origin for X- and Y- axis
and OY direction be positive for position measurement.
Suppose an object is projected from the point O, above the ground
with velocity u along OX such that x0 = 0 and y0=0 at t=0. Soon
after projection, the object moves under the combined effect of two
independent perpendicular velocities.

i) Horizontal Velocity u, which remains constant if we

ignore air resitance.

ii) Vertical Velocity which goes on increasing due to

gravity. Initial value of this velocity at O is zero.
During the motion, the object covers horizontal distance
due to horizontal velocity and vertical downward
distance due to vertical velocity.
 Motion along horizontal direction OX
Path of projectile of an object from O to P.
1 2
x= a𝑡 + ux 𝑡 + x0
2
x0 = 0 , 𝒖x = u , a𝒙 = 0
1
x = 2 0𝑡 2 + 𝑢𝑡 +0
x = 𝑢𝑡
Motion along vertical direction OY of
an object from O to P.
1 2
y= a𝑡 + u𝑦 𝑡 + y0
2
Suppose at any time t, the object 𝐲0 = 0 , 𝒖y = 0 , a𝒚 = g
reaches at P(x,y).Clearly, 1
X= distance travelled by y = 2 g𝑡 2 + 0𝑡 + 0
object in the horizontal direction in
time t. 1
y = g𝑡 2
Y= distance travelled in 2
vertical direction in time t.
y = 𝒌𝒙𝟐
 Time of Flight Taking motion along OY direction
1 2
y= a𝑡 + u𝑦 𝑡 + y0
2
𝐲0 = 0 ,y = h, 𝒖y = 0 , a𝒚 = g , t = T

1 2
h= g𝑇 + 0𝑇 + 0
2

2ℎ
The time taken by object to go from O 𝑇=
to A, where it strikes the ground, 𝑔
let it be T.
Let h be the vertical height of the
projection O from C
 Horizontal Range Taking motion along OX direction
1
x = a𝑡 2 + u𝑥 𝑡 + 𝑥0
2
𝐱 0 = 0 ,x = R, 𝒖𝒙 = u , a𝒙 = 0 , t = T

1 2 2ℎ
R= 0𝑇 + 𝑢 +0
2 𝑔

The horizontal distance covered by

2ℎ
object while going from O to A , let R= u 𝑔
it be R.
 03
Assignment
Fire Fighting Plane
 Firefighting planes:
To help fight the fires, the state uses planes to drop
water and fire retardants on the flames. One such plane flies horizontally over a fire
at a speed of 60 m/s and drops a giant water balloon to help extinguish the fire. It
flies at a height of 200 m.

Part 1:
How long does it take for its load of water to hit the ground? (Hint: as gravity pulls the balloon
straight down, you can ignore the plane’s horizontal motion to solve this part! You’ll need to know the
gravitational acceleration, though)
Part 2:
If the plane released its load when right over the flames, it would overshoot its target. It must release
it a little earlier, marked by d on the drawing. How far before the fire must it release the water?
Part 3:
The pilot accidentally angles his plane slightly downward when releasing his water balloon, with the
nose lower than the tail. He releases the water balloon from the exact same location as before. Will
the balloon still hit the fire, overshoot it, or land short of it?
 Fire Retardant Observer View
in Vs
Firefighting Plane Pilot View
 Part 1
2∗200
T= 9.8
Given,
h= 200 m =
400
9.8
u= 60ms-1
= 6.388
= 6.39 sec
So time required to reach
the ground can be
calculated from the formula 𝑇 = 6.39 𝑠𝑒𝑐
2ℎ
𝑇=
𝑔
 Acceleration along horizontal
Part 2 direction,
a= 0 ms-2

1 2 400
d= 0𝑡 + 60
Given, 2 9.8
h= 200 m
u= 60ms-1 d = 60 ∗ 6.39

d = 383.4 𝑚

Using formula

1
S = a𝑡 2 + u𝑥 𝑡 + 𝑥0
2

Part 3
Now, if the plane makes an
angle with the verticle let Ꝋ;
then the velocity will have two
components:
i. vcosꝊ along the vertical
direction.
ii. vsinꝊ along the
horizontal direction.
Now, time taken to reach round
can be calculated as
1
h = 𝑔𝑡 2 + u𝑦 𝑡
2
1
200 = (9.8)𝑡′2 + (60cosꝊ) 𝑡′
2
200 = 4.9𝑡′2 + (60cosꝊ) 𝑡′
For any value of Ꝋ ; t’ < t
For small Ꝋ ; cos Ꝋ = 1
200 = 4.9𝑡′2 + 60 𝑡′
4.9𝑡′2 + 60 𝑡′ - 200 = 0
4.9𝑡′2 + 60 𝑡′ - 200 = 0

Now; the horizontal range

in this case ;

d’=uxt’ = vsinꝊt’

As t’<t

So; d’ < d

Hence the balloon can not

reach the target position
and will land short of
it.
Resources
 Pradeep’s Fundamental
Physics (Vol 1)

 https://byjus.com/physic
s/projectile-motion/

 https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=IhY9LBNVroo
 THANK
YOU
!!!
SHAMBHAVI JHA
XI-E
D6618