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CRDi engine | Working Of Common Rail Industrial Engineering (102)

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Machine Design (103)

Notes on Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDi) Machine Shop (97)

The term ‘CRDi’ commonly refers to diesel engines. Although, there is a similar technology Manufacturing Technology (144)
which the petrol engines also use it is known as Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) or Fuel Material Science (41)
Stratified Injection (FSI).
Mechanical Projects Report (652)
Both these technologies have a similarity in design since they consist of a common “fuel-rail”
which supply fuel to injectors. However, they considerably differ from each other in pressures & Mechanical Seminar (84)
type of fuel used. Mechatronics (36)
In Common Rail Direct Injection, commencement of combustiontakes place directly into Metrology and Instrumentation
the main combustion chamber located in a cavity on the top of the piston crown. (61)
Today, manufacturers use CRDi technology to overcome some of the deficiencies of Power Engineering (38)
conventional diesel engines which were sluggish, noisy and poor in performance when
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implemented especially in passenger vehicles.
Technical Questions (139)
The CRD-i technology works in tandem with the engine ECU which gets inputs from various
sensors. Theory Of Machine (36)

A Common Rail system uses a ‘common-for-all-cylinders’ fuel-rail or in simple words a Thermal Engineering (129)
‘fuel distribution pipe’.

See also ; What is TSI Engine – benefits Of TSI Engines

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Diesel – Common rail

It maintains optimum residual fuel pressure and also acts as a shared fuel reservoir for all the
injectors.

In CRDi system, the fuel-rail constantly stores and supplies the fuel to the solenoid valve
injectors at the required pressure.

This is quite opposite to the fuel injection pump supplying diesel thru’ independent fuel
lines to injectors in case of earlier generation (DI) design.

Components of CRDi System –

1. High Pressure Fuel Pump

2. Common Fuel Rail

3. Injectors

4. Engine Control Unit

Working of CRDi –

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A high-pressure pump generates pressurised fuel.

The pump compresses the fuel at the pressures of about 1,000 bar or about 15,000 psi.

It, then, supplies the pressurised fuel via a high-pressure pipe to the inlet of the fuel-rail.

From there, the fuel-rail distributes it to the individual injectors which then inject it into the
cylinder’s combustion chamber.

Advantages & Disadvantages of CRDi

Advantages

CRDi engines are advantageous in many ways. Cars fitted with this new engine technology are
believed to deliver 25% more power and torque than the normal direct injection engine. It also offers
superior pick up, lower levels of noise and vibration, higher mileage, lower emissions, lower fuel
consumption, and improved performance.

In India, diesel is cheaper than petrol and this fact adds to the credibility of the common rail direct
injection system.

Disadvantages

Like all good things have a negative side, this engine also have few disadvantages. The key
disadvantage of the CRDi engine is that it is costly than the conventional engine. The list also
includes high degree of engine maintenance and costly spare parts. Also this technology can’t be
employed to ordinary engines.

Applications

The most common applications of common rail engines are marine and locomotive applications. Also,
in the present day they are widely used in a variety of car models ranging from city cars to premium
executive cars.

Some of the Indian car manufacturers who have widely accepted the use of common rail diesel
engine in their respective car models are the Hyundai Motors, Maruti Suzuki, Fiat, General Motors,
Honda Motors, and the Skoda. In the list of luxury car manufacturers, the Mercedes-Benz and BMW
have also adopted this advanced engine technology. All the car manufacturers have given their own
unique names to the common CRDi engine system.

Re lat e d Post s:

Common Rail What is Direct Types Of Fuel Fuel Injection Difference

Direct Injection Injection | What Injection System | Between Petrol
System | is Indirect Systems in CI Components , and Diesel cars |
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Advantages and Principle in India 2017
Disadvantages petrol vs diesel

Why Diesel Air Injection Advantages and

engines are Not System – Disadvantages
used in Motor Diagram , of Diesel
Bikes or Working , Engines Car
Mopeds ? Advantages

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Sachin Thorat
Sachin is a B-TECH graduate in Mechanical Engineering from a reputed
Engineering college. Currently, he is working in the sheet metal industry
as a designer. Additionally, he has interested in Product Design,
Animation, and Project design. He also likes to write articles related to
the mechanical engineering field and tries to motivate other mechanical
engineering students by his innovative project ideas, design, models and
videos.

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