Study of the Dolok-Penggaron River System

and Design of the East Floodway, Final Report

under JICA Loan IP-534 on Flood Control

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background
The eastern part of Semarang City as well as the western part of Kabupaten Demak have been
suffered from frequent floods caused by the rivers, inland floods by storm rainfall and high tide.
Floods by high tide occur in the low-lying and wetland areas along the coasts of Java Sea. As
for the floods from the rivers in these areas, the Penggaron River and the Dolok River are the
origins of the floods. The Penggaron River is divided into three (3) rivers from the downstream
of Pucanggading, which are the East Floodway (Kanal Banjir Timur: KBT), Babon River and
the Dombo-Sayung River. Originally, only the Babon River was connected with the Penggaron
River as its downstream part of the river. Afterwards, in order to control floods of the
Penggaron-Babon Rivers, the East Floodway (KBT) was artificially connected with the
Penggaron River at Pucanggading. Then, the Dombo-Sayung River was recently connected with
the Penggaron/ Babon River at Pucanggading as another floodway from the Penggaron River. In
addition, in order to control floods of the Dolok River, Kebon Batur Canal was constructed as a
floodway from the Dolok River to the Penggaron River in the upstream of the Pucanggading.
However, this inter-basin flood transfer from the Dolok River to the Penggaron River has been
additional burden for the Penggaron River in terms of flood control.
Also, in order to realize flood control in these areas, various flood control plans have been
formulated and proposed by the following studies.
1) Dolok Penggaron Drainage Design, Feasibility Study, DHV, October 1992
2) The Master Plan on Water Resources Development and Feasibility Study for Urgent
Flood Control and Urban Drainage in Semarang City and Suburbs, Japan
International Cooperation Agency (JICA), November 1993
3) Semarang Flood Control Project, Consolidated Preparation Study, under IBRD
Loan, November 1999
4) Detail Desain Sistem Sungai Dolok Penggaron (Kanal Banjir Timur – Dombo
Sayung), PT.Jasapatria Gunatama, November 2009
However, in spite of these efforts for controlling floods from the rivers, flood problems have not
been solved yet in the eastern part of Semarang City and the western part of Kapubaten Demak.
The rapid urbanization in the eastern part of Semarang City and the surrounding areas has
aggravated the flood problems in these areas.
Furthermore, land subsidence can be observed especially in the downstream reaches of the
KBT, Babon, Dombo-Sayung and Dolok Rivers and the surrounding areas up to the coasts of
the Java Sea, which has made flood problems more difficult.
In addition, there is a possibility of sea water level rise and increase of amount and frequency of
storm rainfall due to climate change.
Considering the above situation, it is very necessary to update and formulate flood control
master plan and priority project(s) for these river systems in the eastern part of Semarang City
and western part of Kapubaten Demak. For formulating the flood control master plan and
priority project(s), land subsidence and climate change are also taken into account .

CTI Engineering International Co., Ltd. 1

with Associates
 Study of the Dolok-Penggaron River System
Final Report and Design of the East Floodway,
on Flood Control under JICA Loan IP-534

1.2 Objectives of the Study

The objectives of the study on flood control are as follows:
1) To formulate a master plan for flood control for the Dolok-Penggaron River System
2) To formulate a priority project for flood control among the master plan, and to
conduct a feasibility study for the priority project. The KBT was selected as the
priority project as the precondition of the Study.
3) To study river improvement of the KBT-Babon-Dombo-Sayung Rivers and Dolok
River in the Master Plan Study as well as river improvement of the priority project.
4) River environmental improvement (amenity) will be proposed in the urban center.

1.3 Study Area

Figure 1.3 .1 shows the study area of the East Floodway (KBT), Babon River, Dombo-Sayung
River and Dolok River.

Feasibility Study:
① East Floodway (KBT)
including D/D for the
Downstream Reach 3
Master Plan Study:
② Penggaron/ Babon River
2
③ Dombo-Sayung River
④ DolokRiver
1
Name River Length
River length
Name (km)
(km)
KBT: Detailed
Land Subsidence Area
KBT 14.6 Design (D/D)
BKT 14.6
- Candi
- Candi
2.7
2.7
Stretch Pucanggading Weir

- Bajak 3.4 4
- Bajak 3.4 Pucanggading
-- Kudung
KudungMundu
Mundu 8.1
8.1
Babon
Babon 17.0
17.0
Dombo-Sayung
Dombo-Sayung 19.0
19.0
Dolok
Dolok 30.4
30.4
Penggaron
Penngaron 19.8
19.8
Kebon
Kebonbetur
Baturcanal
Canal 3.8

Figure 1.3.1 Study Area (Target Rivers of the Study)

2 CTI Engineering International Co., Ltd.

with Associates
Study of the Dolok-Penggaron River System
and Design of the East Floodway, Final Report
under JICA Loan IP-534 on Flood Control

1.4 Scope of the Works of the Study on Flood Control Plan

The scope of the study on flood control plan is as follows:
1) Review of Previous Studies
2) Formulation of Flood Control Plan
a) Hydrological/ Runoff Analysis (High water)
b) Formulation of Flood Control Plan
c) Establishment of River Planning
d) Economic Evaluation
e) Selection of Urgent Plan (Priority Project)
f) Preliminary Design of River Improvement Works (for Priority Project)
g) Establishment of River Amenity Concept
h) Preliminary Design of River Amenity Facilities
i) Construction Plan and Cost Estimate
j) Economic Evaluation
k) Formulation of a Master Plan for Flood Control
l) Formulation of a Priority Project among the Master Plan

CTI Engineering International Co., Ltd. 3

with Associates