Public Transportation

This is an online learning of Transportation English which learn about public transportation.

Benefit:

Understanding the notion of public transportation

Knowing the various of public transportation modes

Understanding the Benefits of Public Transportation

Requirement:

English Vocabularies of Transportation English

Target:

2nd Semester Students of Transportation Program Study

Material:

English vocabularies of Public Transportation

Modes of Public Transportation

Course:

An Overview

Definition

What is Public Transportation?

It is a form of travel offered locally that enables more people to travel together along designated
routes. Typical examples of types of public transportation include buses, trains, and trams. High-
speed rails, airlines, and coaches dominate public transportation between cities.

Most public transport services operate on stipulated timelines. Some transportation systems
operate on a full capacity basis, which means the vehicle will not start until it’s full. However,
many cities across the world provide shared taxis when the essence of time is a factor. These
systems are available to the general public, may require a fare, and run at scheduled times. The
purpose of introducing or expanding public transportation is to increase access to and use of
public transit while, at the same time, reducing motor vehicle miles driven and  traffic
congestion.

Quiz 1 - An Overview
Quiz 1 contains several things related to the overview of Public Transportation that you have learned in
the lesson. Choose True or False for the best answer.

Public Transportation is a form of travel that enables only people to travel. F

Public Transportation can be used for every people around the world. T

Most public transport services operate on mixed up timelines. F

The systems of public transportation may require a fare. T

The purpose of introducing or expanding public transportation is reducing motor vehicle miles driven and
traffic congestion. T

Public Transportation Modes in Indonesia

Traffic has become a characteristic of Indonesia. If you are coming to Jakarta for the first time
(or even Jakartans who have been living here for some time), to make your way around the city
can be a tiresome task. Driving private vehicles seem to waste more time on the road due regular
traffic jams. Walking on the footpaths is also not a brilliant idea because roadsides in Jakarta
aren’t safe for pedestrians (maybe some roadsides are, but most of the roadsides are packed with
street hawkers or even motorcycles!).

As a capital city, Jakarta also provides many public transportation options that connect almost all
areas at affordable prices. Yes, some are packed but using public transportation is more efficient
than riding or driving your own vehicles.

Ride Hailing Services – GoJek, GoCar

These days, most people usually resort to using GoJek and GrabBike mobile applications for
their daily transportation. Finding transport has becomes much easier by using these apps. It
provides information about the driver, fares, and how long your driver will arrive to pick you up.
The price varies depending on how many kilometers you are travelling, as much as 9,000 IDR
for short rides under 2 km. Since Gojek uses motorcycle, it also moves faster in traffic, and
sometimes the drivers also know the shortcuts to reach your destination.

Busway (TransJakarta, TransJogja, TransSemarang)

TransJakarta, TransJogja, transSemarang are the buses which is commonly called as Bus Rapid
Transit (BRT) system in Indonesia. The buses run in dedicated lanes so it is free from traffic jam
most of the time (unless on several corridors where lanes are also used by private vehicles). It is
also very cheap, only Rp2.000 (from 5am to 7am) and Rp3.500 for single trip on regular hours.
BRT system has e-tickets issued by several local banks. You can get these e-tickets at every BRT
shelters, banks (Mandiri, BCA, BRI, BNI, Bank DKI), and merchants such as minimarkets,
supermarkets, and gas stations. The price of each card is around Rp40.000, including Rp20.000
balance. These cards also can be used for Commuter Line and toll road (only Mandiri e-money).

Since the first commencement in 2014, 15 corridors have been planned with 12 corridors
currently operating. 

Mass Rapid Transportation (MRT)

The MRT is one of Jakarta’s biggest infrastructure developments that has also been long-awaited
in the city. Although it has helped many people even during its opening in March 2019,
construction is still undergoing for more routes to other locations. For now, Jakarta MRT has a
North–South line between Kota and Lebak Bulus and an East–West line. It takes 30 minutes to
reach one end to the other with the price ranging Rp 4,000 for each stop Rp 14,000.
There are many ways to pay for the fare from single trip ticket (one way ticket), multi-trip ticket
(multiple use card), Jaklingko (card for various transportations from TransJakarta, MikroTrans
and MRT), Bank Electronic Cards (Flazz, Jakcard, Tapcash, e-money, Brizzi) or via the MRT
app (Dana, Linkaja, Ovo, Gopay). 

KAI Commuter Line

KA Commuterline is a commuter rail system within Indonesia. KA (Kereta Api or train)

Commuter serves commuters in many big cities in Indonesia such as Jakarta, Bandung,
Semarang, Surabaya, Malang, Jogja and several cities in Sumatra. The trains used for
Commuterline are all air-conditioned, clean, and some have female-only carriages as well. The
ticket price is various depending on the destination. 

Train transportation is rapidly growing. This is evident by the sea of humanity lining up at
railway stations to commute to and from work. Most governments are ramping up the growth of
this mode of transportation by increasing the number of trains and upgrading existing ones in the
busiest routes.

Buses

Bus transport is one of the oldest and most common modes of transportation aimed at facilitating
the movement of people within a city or to remote locations. It has the advantage of being
affordable and convenient if there is no traffic. Long ago, buses were managed by individuals,
but these days, there is an upsurge of bus services that are clean and efficient.

There are a number of private operators such as DAMRI, Gunung Harta, Sempati Star, Agra
Mas, Harapan Jaya, etc. Buses with “AC” sticker on it indicate that the buses are air-conditioned,
but some are not. Each bus has number on it that indicates the route it serves. Some buses do not
always stop at bus stops, they stop practically everywhere they find people stop them.

Ferry

A ferry is a merchant vessel used to carry passengers, and sometimes vehicles and cargo, across
a body of water. Ferries form a part of the public transport systems of many waterside cities and
islands, allowing direct transit between points at a capital cost much lower than bridges or
tunnels.

A passenger ferry with many stops is sometimes called a water bus or water taxi. In Indonesia
there are several sea transport of ferry that is commonly known such as Express Bahari and
Golden Queen.

Airplane

Air transport, which represents the next most substantial energy-consuming transport sector,
includes passenger and freight airplanes, that is, aircraft configured for transporting passengers,
freight, or mail. Air plane is  becomes the most popular air transport which is commonly used by
people around the world to transport people and/or freights. Airplanes come in a variety of sizes,
shapes, and wing configurations. Many airplanes in Indonesia are also used to carrier passengers
and freights which are under the air lines companies such as Garuda Indonesia, Air Asia, and
Lion Air.

Quiz 2-Public Transportation Modes

Let us know how you comprehend the lesson about various of public transportation modes. Choose the
correct answer from one of several multiple choices provided.

Why does driving private vehicles in a big city seem to waste more time?

due to the unpredictable weather

due to the traffic jam

Why is walking on the footpath as a pedestrian in a big city not a good idea?

because there are a lot of police

because it is not safe

Which one of these public transportation modes are the most effective and the fastest in a local area?

Gojek

taxi

DAMRI, Gunung Harta, Sempati Star, Agra Mas, Harapan Jaya are the name of?

bus

ferry

What is the abbreviation of MRT?

Benefits of Public Transportation

There are several benefits that provides people when using public transportation. The benefits
will be elaborated into three parts of benefits , which is economic benefits, social benefits and
environmental benefits.
Economic Benefits

1. Reduces Congestion

Urban congestion is one of the greatest challenges of developed nations. For example;
statistically, Australian cities incur a cumulative annual cost of $12.9 billion due to traffic
congestion. If transport systems are not modernized in the near future, this cost could go up to
$20 billion.

The solution to this nightmare lies in the expansion of public transportation. For instance, a
single railway can get rid of 1000 cars from the roads.

2. Enhances Productivity

Public transportation plays a significant role in enhancing opportunity and productivity by

moving knowledge, labor, and skills between and within markets.

In the modern globalized world, capital, labor, and enterprise search out for the most productive
markets, promoting healthy competition and symbiotic economic growth. Investing in
remarkable public transportation instigates a series of economic growth.

3. Increases Land Value

Improved access to public transport has shown to increase land and property value. Planning that
puts public transportation development on top of its agenda rips huge benefits in the long run.
Land that would have been used for parking and roads is put to profitable use, such as the
generation of revenue to the city council.

4. Financial Benefits of Communities

Approximately for every dollar invested in public transportation, economic returns generated are
$4, and for every $1 billion in investments in the sector, 50,000 jobs are generated and
supported.

According to APTA, an investment of $10 million in public transportation generates about $30
million in increased business sales, and residential property values for homes located near public
transit with high-frequency service “performed 42% better than other areas.”

5. Saves Money

Taking public transportation instead of owning a second vehicle can save individuals a
significant amount of money each month in avoided gas, maintenance, parking, and other
expenses. Household Expenses also reduced by using public transit as the family gets rid of
buying one car and maintaining and operating the car.
Social benefits

1. Improves Health

Bringing health policies in line with transport can significantly reduce the burden on health
services by encouraging active lifestyles. Public transport ensures citizens are at their best
healthwise by encouraging them to walk to bus and railway stations, at the same time alleviating
the stress that comes with driving a car on congested roads.

Research learns that every hour spent driving a car increases the possibility of obesity by more
than 6%.

2. Benefits the Aging Population

Research studies indicate that the number of people older than 65 years is projected to go up
from 14% in 2006 to 22% by 2030. Older adults heavily depend on public transport to access
essential services. This is why public transport authorities must work hard to cater to this aging
population.

3. Freedom and Increased Mobility

Many people are unable to drive, and even drivers would appreciate the ability to walk, cycle, or
take public transit, at least when it requires. Public transportation allows them personal mobility
to get to work, to school, to the grocery store or doctor’s chamber, or for visiting friends, without
having to engage a friend or relative to do the driving.

Millions of non-drivers, specifically children, usually stuck up in automobile dominated

suburban locales where they must depend on others for rides.

4. Frees up time

In public transportation, as someone else is doing the driving, which allows riders to free up a
significant amount of time and attention and spend their transit time reading, working, studying,
or being entertained instead of having to watch the road. It can also reduce commute time. When
driving an automobile, one cannot sleep, read, write, relax, or do anything that transit takers are
able to do.

5. Public Transportation is Safer

Taking public transport is safer than driving a car, considering not only the safety of the vehicles
that are maintained on a regular basis than a personal car but also the driving habits and training
of the operators. Transit operators receive much more training than the average automobile
driver (120 minimum hours of training) and also receive refresher training on a regular basis as
well.
A person can reduce his or her chance of being in an accident by more than 90% simply by
taking public transit as opposed to commuting by car. Traveling by public transportation is 10
times safer per mile than traveling by automobile.

6. Social Connections Increase

Robert Putnam, the author of Bowling Alone, said that for every 10 minutes of additional travel
time by car, social connections are reduced by 10%. Millennials consider public transportation as
the best option for digital socializing and among the best for connecting with communities.

Often, car users are people who live in larger houses that are far from their places of work, and in
areas where high-quality public transit is not available. Having more people in an area means
you have a wider labor force, and there is a better chance of matching the needs of a job with the
skills of a worker. Another benefit could be the information exchange.

While public transportation may not be enjoyable to many like riding in your personal car, it
plays a huge role in reducing traffic congestion, minimizing emissions and, according to you, a
whole lot of quality time to watch and interact with your neighbors.

To add to that, public transportation lets you relax, read newspaper or book, take a nap during
commute rather than experiencing the stress that comes with driving on the busy roads.

Enhancing the quality and efficiency of public transport systems is critical to encouraging
individuals to shift to public transport.

Environmental benefits

1. Ensures a Cleaner Ecosystem

Public transportation significantly reduces the number of cars on the road. This means less
pollution from motor vehicle emissions. Fumes produced by vehicles can lead to respiratory
diseases. Few cars on the road mean a reduction in the possibility of these dangerous diseases.
A clean environment boosts living standards and brings immense benefits to the economy.

2. Prevents Global Warming

As the impacts of global warming become more apparent, world leaders are looking for ways to
bring down these effects. One of the easiest sectors to deal with is transportation, and this
involves having fewer automobiles on the roads.

Cars emit greenhouse gasses, which are responsible for global warming. By reducing the number
of vehicles, the amount of greenhouse gas produced will not be enough to cause global warming.
3. Reduces Carbon Footprint

Public transportation offers an immediate alternative for individuals seeking to reduce their
energy use and carbon footprints. This action far exceeds the benefits of other energy-saving
household activities, such as using energy-efficient light bulbs or adjusting thermostats.

Quiz 3-Benefits of Public Transportation

Choose the best answer for the questions about the benefits of public transportation.

What is the one of solutions does the Australia government provide to get rid of the urban congestion?

build more roads

build more car factories

build a single railway

Why is Public Transportation is safer?

making a lot of people happy

avoiding an accident caused by self-carelessness

reducing some gas and traveling cost

Which one of these is the economic benefit which public transportation has?

Saves Money

Improves Health

Reduces Carbon Footprint

Which are the following statements not the social benefits of public transportation?

reduces the aging people

frees up time

saves money

Why can public transportation prevent global warming?

because public transportation can make a green house

because public transportation produces exhausted gas which make greenhouse effect

because public transportation can reduce the car's exhausted gas which makes greenhouse effect