Tutorial No.

3
EIGEN VALUES AND EIGEN VECTORS

Question I: Determine whether following sets of vectors are linearly dependent or independent.
If dependent find the relation between them.
(1) X1  (3,2,4); X 2  (1,0,2); X 3  (1,1,1) Ans : lin. independent

(2) X1  (2,1,4); X 2  (0,1,2); X 3  (6,1,14); X 4  (4,0,12)

Ans : 2X1  2X 2  X40

(3) X1  (1,2,3,4); X 2  (3,1,2,1); X 3  (1,5,8,7) Ans : X3  X 2  2X1

Question II: Find the Eigen values and corresponding Eigen vectors of following matrices
4  5 1 5
1)   Ans:  = -1, X=   ,  = 3, X=   .
  2
1 1 1  
4 6 6  6 0 3
2)  1 3 2   
Ans:  = -1, X=  2 ,  = 1, X= 1 ,  = 4, X=  1 

       
 1  4  3  7  1 1

1 0 0  1 0  0
3) 0 3  1 Ans:  = 1, X= 0 ,  = 2, X= 1 ,  = 4, X=  1 
       
0  1 3  0 1 1 .

2 1 1 1  1 1
4) 1 2 1 Ans:  = 1, X=  2 ,  = 1, X=  0  ,  = 5, X= 1
      
0 0 1  0  1 1 .

 3 10 5  5 1  1 
5)  2  3  4  
Ans:  = 2, X= 2 ,  = 2, X= 1 ,  = 5, X=  1 
 
       
 3 5 7    5  2  2 .

Question III: Find the Eigen values of matrices A, 3A, A2, A-1 and adj A where
 2 2 1 
A   2 1 2
 
 1 2 6
 1 2  3
Question IV: A matrix A is defined as A  0 3 2  . Find the Eigen values of matrix
 
0 0  2

3 A3  5 A2  6 A  2 I .

Question V: Verify Cayley- Hamilton’s theorem for the following matrices:

 1 2 1
1 2 
1)   2)  1 0 3
2 1  
 2  1 1

Question VI: Show that the matrix A satisfies it’s characteristic equation and hence
1 1 3
determine A4 and A-1 if it exists where A   1 3  3
 
 2  4  4

Question VII: Using Cayley – Hamilton’s theorem, express 2A5 – 3A4 + A2 – 4I as a

 3 1
linear polynomial in A where A    . Ans: 2A5 – 3A4 + A2 – 4I = 138 A – 403 I
 1 2

2 1 1 
 
Question VIII: Find the characteristic equation of the matrix A  0 1 0 and hence
1 1 2

find the matrix represented by A  5 A  7 A  3 A  A  5 A  8 A  2 A  I .

8 7 6 5 4 3 2

8 5 5
Answer : 3  52  7  3  0, A 2  A  I  0 3 0 
 
5 5 8
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