A1-A23

A2-01-873971

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

1 Anticipation Guide 1-1 Lesson Reading Guide

Chapter 1
Equations and Inequalities Expressions and Formulas
5/19/06

STEP 1 Before you begin Chapter 1 Get Ready for the Lesson
Read the introduction to Lesson 1-1 in your textbook.
• Read each statement.
Vd
• Nurses use the formula F 
t
to control the flow rate for IVs. Name
• Decide whether you Agree (A) or Disagree (D) with the statement.
8:03 AM

the quantity that each of the variables in this formula represents and the units in which
• Write A or D in the first column OR if you are not sure whether you agree or disagree, each is measured.
write NS (Not Sure).
F represents the flow rate and is measured in drops per minute.

Chapter Resources
STEP 1 Statement STEP 2 V represents the volume of solution and is measured in milliliters .
Page A1

A, D, or NS A or D
1. Algebraic expressions contain at least one variable. A d represents the drop factor and is measured in drops per milliliter.
2.
Lesson 1-1

The order of operations must be followed so that every

expression will have only one value. A t represents time and is measured in minutes .
3. All real numbers are in the set of rational numbers. D • Write the expression that a nurse would use to calculate the flow rate of an IV if a doctor
4. The commutative property is true for addition and orders 1350 milliliters of IV saline to be given over 8 hours, with a drop factor of 20 drops
multiplication only. A
per milliliter. Do not find the value of this expression. 1350  20

5. The phrase twice the sum of a number squared and 6 could 8  60
be written as 2n2
6. D
Read the Lesson
Answers

6. The reflexive property of equality states that if a  b then

b  a. D 1. There is a customary order for grouping symbols. Brackets are used outside of

A1
7. The absolute value of a number is its distance from 0 on
the number line.
8. If the absolute value of any expression is equal to a negative
number, then the solution is the empty set.
9. When adding or subtracting a negative number to both sides
of an inequality, the inequality symbol must be reversed.
parentheses. Braces are used outside of brackets. Identify the innermost expression(s) in
A each of the following expressions.
a. [(3  22)
8]  4 (3
22)
A
b. 9  [5(8  6)
2(10
7)] (8
6) and (10  7)
D c. {14  [8
(3  12)2]}  (63  100) (3
12)
(Lesson 1-1)

10. Writing a solution in the form {x| x  5} is called set builder
notation.
11. If a compound inequality contains the word “or”, the solution
will be the intersection of the solution sets of the
two inequalities.
12. If |3x  1|  10, then 3x  1  10 and 3a  1  10.
STEP 2 After you complete Chapter 1
2. Read the following instructions. Then use grouping symbols to show how the instructions
A can be put in the form of a mathematical expression.
Multiply the difference of 13 and 5 by the sum of 9 and 21. Add the result to 10. Then
D divide what you get by 2. [(13
5)(9  21)  10]  2
D 3. Why is it important for everyone to use the same order of operations for evaluating
expressions? Sample answer: If everyone did not use the same order of
operations, different people might get different answers.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Remember What You learned
• Reread each statement and complete the last column by entering an A or a D. 4. Think of a phrase or sentence to help you remember the order of operations.
• Did any of your opinions about the statements change from the first column?
Sample answer: Please excuse my dear Aunt Sally. (parentheses;
exponents; multiplication and division; addition and subtraction)
• For those statements that you mark with a D, use a piece of paper to write an example of
why you disagree.

Chapter 1 3 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 5 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
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NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

1-1 Study Guide and Intervention 1-1 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Chapter 1
Expressions and Formulas Expressions and Formulas
A2-01-873971

Order of Operations Formulas A formula is a mathematical sentence that uses variables to express the
relationship between certain quantities. If you know the value of every variable except one
1. Simplify the expressions inside grouping symbols. in a formula, you can use substitution and the order of operations to find the value of the
Order of 2. Evaluate all powers. unknown variable.
5/19/06

Operations 3. Do all multiplications and divisions from left to right.

4. Do all additions and subtractions from left to right.
Example To calculate the number of reams of paper needed to print n
Example 1 Example 2 np
copies of a booklet that is p pages long, you can use the formula r   , where r
500
Evaluate [18
(6  4)]  2. Evaluate 3x2  x(y
5) if x  3 and is the number of reams needed. How many reams of paper must you buy to print
8:03 AM

[18  (6
4)]  2  [18  10]  2 y  0.5. 172 copies of a 25-page booklet?

82 Replace each variable with the given value. np
Substitute n  172 and p  25 into the formula r  .
3x2
x(y  5)  3
(3)2
3(0.5  5) 500
Lesson 1-1

4
 3
(9)
3(4.5) (172)(25)
r 
 27  13.5 500
Page A2

43,000
 13.5 
Exercises 500
 8.6
Find the value of each expression.
You cannot buy 8.6 reams of paper. You will need to buy 9 reams to print 172 copies.
Answers

1. 14
(6  2) 17 2. 11  (3
2)2
14 3. 2
(4  2)3  6 4

A2
1 Exercises
4. 9(32
6) 135 5. (5
23)2  52 144 6. 52

18  2 34.25
4
For Exercises 1–3, use the following information.
16
23  4
7.
2
6 8. (7  32)2
62 40 9. 20  22
6 11 For a science experiment, Sarah counts the number of breaths needed for her to blow up a
12
beach ball. She will then find the volume of the beach ball in cubic centimeters and divide
by the number of breaths to find the average volume of air per breath.
10. 12
6  3  2(4) 6 11. 14  (8  20  2)
7 12. 6(7)
4  4  5 38
(Lesson 1-1)

1. Her beach ball has a radius of 9 inches. First she converts the radius to centimeters
using the formula C  2.54I, where C is a length in centimeters and I is the same length
6
42 6
9  3
15
13. 8(42  8  32)
240 14.
24 15. 4 in inches. How many centimeters are there in 9 inches? 22.86 cm
461 82

1 4
Evaluate each expression if a  8.2, b 
3, c  4, and d 
 . 2. The volume of a sphere is given by the formula V  r3, where V is the volume of the
2 3
sphere and r is its radius. What is the volume of the beach ball in cubic centimeters?
ab c2  1
16. 49.2 17. 5(6c  8b
10d) 215 18.
6 (Use 3.14 for .) 50,015 cm3
d bd

a 3. Sarah takes 40 breaths to blow up the beach ball. What is the average volume of air per
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

19. ac  bd 31.3 20. (b  c)2
4a 81.8 21.
6b  5c
54.4

d breath? about 1250 cm3
b
22. 3  b
21 23. cd
4 24. d(a
c)
6.1

dc  d 4. A person’s basal metabolic rate (or BMR) is the number of calories needed to support his
or her bodily functions for one day. The BMR of an 80-year-old man is given by the
a formula BMR  12w  (0.02)(6)12w, where w is the man’s weight in pounds. What is the
25. a
b  c 7.45 26. b  c
4  d
15 27.  d 8.7
b
c BMR of an 80-year-old man who weighs 170 pounds? 1795 calories

Chapter 1 6 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 7 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2
 A1-A23
A2-01-873971

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

1-1 Skills Practice 1-1 Practice

Chapter 1
Expressions and Formulas Expressions and Formulas
5/19/06

Find the value of each expression. Find the value of each expression.

1. 18  2  3 27 2. 9
6  2
1 13 1. 3(4  7)  11
20 2. 4(12  42)
16

8:03 AM

3. 1
2  3(4)  2
3 4. 12  [20  2(62  3  22)] 88

3. (3  8)2(4)  3 97 4. 5
3(2  12  2)
7

5. 20  (5  3)
52(3) 85 6. (2)3  (3)(8)
(5)(10) 18

1 6(7  5)
5.  [9
10(3)]
3

7 6. 4
3
Page A3

7. 18  {5  [34  (17  11)]} 41 8. [4(5  3)  2(4  8)]  16 1

7. (168  7)32  43 152 8. [3(5)  128  22]5
85 1 1

Lesson 1-1

9. [6  42]
5 10. [5
5(3)]
5

2 4

8(13  37) (8)2

1 11. 32 12.  (1)2
4(9)
53
Evaluate each expression if r 
1, s  3, t  12, v  0, and w 
 . 6 59
2
9. 6r
2s 0 10. 2st  4rs 84 3 1
Evaluate each expression if a   , b 
8, c 
2, d  3, and e   .
4 3
13. ab2  d 45 14. (c
d)b
8
Answers

11. w(s  r)
2 12. s
2r  16v 1

A3
ab d(b  c)
15.
d2 12
c
16.
ac
12
13. (4s)2 144 14. s2r  wt
3
17. (b  de)e2
1 18. ac3  b2de
70
3v
t
15. 2(3r
w)
7 16. 4 ac4 c
5s  t 19. b[a
(c  d) 2 ] 206 20.  2 22
d e
(Lesson 1-1)

25 rv3 1
17. w[t
(t  r)]  18. 0 21. 9bc  141 22. 2ab2  (d 3  c) 67
2 2
s e

9
2w 23. TEMPERATURE The formula F  C
32 gives the temperature in degrees
19. 9r2
(s2  1)t 105 20. 7s  2v
22 5
r Fahrenheit for a given temperature in degrees Celsius. What is the temperature in
degrees Fahrenheit when the temperature is 40 degrees Celsius?
40F
21. TEMPERATURE The formula K  C
273 gives the temperature in kelvins (K) for a
given temperature in degrees Celsius. What is the temperature in kelvins when the 24. PHYSICS The formula h  120t  16t2 gives the height h in feet of an object t seconds
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

temperature is 55 degrees Celsius? 328 K after it is shot upward from Earth’s surface with an initial velocity of 120 feet per
second. What will the height of the object be after 6 seconds? 144 ft

5
22. TEMPERATURE The formula C  (F  32) gives the temperature in degrees Celsius
9 25. AGRICULTURE Faith owns an organic apple orchard. From her experience the last few
for a given temperature in degrees Fahrenheit. What is the temperature in degrees seasons, she has developed the formula P  20x  0.01x2  240 to predict her profit P in
Celsius when the temperature is 68 degrees Fahrenheit? 20C dollars this season if her trees produce x bushels of apples. What is Faith’s predicted
profit this season if her orchard produces 300 bushels of apples? $4860

Chapter 1 8 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 9 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
 A1-A23

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

1-1 Word Problem Practice 1-1 Enrichment

Chapter 1
Expressions and Formulas Traveling on a Budget
A2-01-873971

1. ARRANGEMENTS The chairs in an 4. GAS MILEAGE Rick has d dollars. The

auditorium are arranged into two
rectangles. Both rectangles are 10 rows
deep. One rectangle has 6 chairs per
You are traveling to your aunt’s house 200 miles away for a surprise birthday party.
formula for the number of gallons of
The party starts at 3 P.M. but you cannot leave from your house before 11 A.M. You
gasoline that Rick can buy with d dollars
must fill your gas tank before the trip. Gasoline is $3.50 per gallon and you have $30.
d
Will you make it to the party and make it back home?
5/19/06

is given by g  . The formula for the

row and the other has 12 chairs per row.
Write an expression for the total number
of chairs in the auditorium.
10  6  10  12 or 10(6  12)
3
number of miles that Rick can drive on g First determine at which speed you must travel to arrive by 3:00.
gallons of gasoline is given by m  21g.
How many miles can Rick drive on $8 1. A simple formula relates the travel time, depending on your average speed in
worth of gasoline? D
miles per hour (mph), T  , where T is time in hours, D is the distance (200 miles),
56 mi S
8:03 AM

and S is the speed. Determine travel time to your aunt’s house at various speeds.

Speed (mph) Time (hours)

Lesson 1-1

2. GEOMETRY The formula for the area 35 5.7

of a ring-shaped object is given by A 
(R2  r2), where R is the radius of the 40 5.0
Page A4

outer circle and r is the radius of the 45 4.4

inner circle. If R  10 inches and r  5 50 4.0
inches, what is the area rounded to the COOKING For Exercises 5 and 6, use
the following information. 55 3.6
nearest square inch?
60 3.3
A steak has thickness w inches. Let T be
Answers

the time it takes to broil the steak. It takes 65 3.0

A4
12 minutes to broil a one inch thick steak. 70 2.8
r For every additional inch of thickness,
R 75 2.6
the steak should be broiled for 5 more
minutes.
2. For which speed(s), will you miss the surprise birthday party?
236 in2 5. Write a formula for T in terms of w. You will miss the party for all speeds 50 mph and less, assuming an
Sample Answer: T  5(w
1)  12 11 A.M. departure.
or T  5w  7
(Lesson 1-1)

Now determine if you can afford enough gasoline to make the trip and return.

3. How many gallons of gas can you buy?

3. GUESS AND CHECK Amanda About 8.5 gallons
received a worksheet from her teacher.
Unfortunately, one of the operations in an 4. Cost depends on the cost of gasoline, the number of total miles of the trip, and
equation was covered by a blot. What your car’s fuel efficiency (mi/gal). The miles per gallon can be found using the
6. Use your formula to compute the number
operation is hidden by the blot? 1 5
of minutes it would take to broil a 2 inch formula M   S2
S, where S is your speed. Determine your fuel rate for
30 2
10 + 3(4 + 6) = 4 thick steak. the speeds needed to get to your aunt’s. Will you make it?
17 min
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

subtraction You can make it to your aunt’s house on time, but won’t have enough
gas to get home.

Chapter 1 10 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 11 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2
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NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

1-2 Lesson Reading Guide 1-2 Study Guide and Intervention

Chapter 1
Properties of Real Numbers Properties of Real Numbers
5/19/06

Get Ready for the Lesson Real Numbers All real numbers can be classified as either rational or irrational. The
set of rational numbers includes several subsets: natural numbers, whole numbers,
Read the introduction to Lesson 1-2 in your textbook. and integers.
• Why are all of the amounts listed on the register slip at the top of the page followed by
negative signs? Sample answer: The amount of each coupon is subtracted R real numbers {all rationals and irrationals}
8:03 AM

from the total amount of purchases so that you save money by using m
{all numbers that can be represented in the form , where m and n are integers and
Q rational numbers n
coupons. n is not equal to 0}
• Describe two ways of calculating the amount of money you saved by using coupons if your I irrational numbers {all nonterminating, nonrepeating decimals}
register slip is the one shown on page 11. Sample answer: Add all the individual N natural numbers {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, …}
coupon amounts or add the amounts for the scanned coupons and
Page A5

W whole numbers {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, …}

multiply the sum by 2.
Z integers {…, 3, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, …}
Read the Lesson
1. Refer to the Key Concepts box on page 11. The numbers 2.5 7
 and 0.010010001… both
involve decimals that “go on forever.” Explain why one of these numbers is rational and Example Name the sets of numbers to which each number belongs.
the other is irrational. Sample answer: 2.5
7
 2.5757… is a repeating
11
decimal because there is a block of digits, 57, that repeats forever, so a.
 rationals (Q), reals (R)
3
this number is rational. The number 0.010010001… is a non-repeating
decimal because, although the digits follow a pattern, there is no block
of digits that repeats. So this number is an irrational number. b. 25


Answers
Lesson 1-2

2. Write the Associative Property of Addition in symbols. Then illustrate this property by 25
5 naturals (N), wholes (W), integers (Z), rationals (Q), reals (R)

A5
finding the sum 12
18
45 in two different ways. (a  b)  c  a  (b  c);
Sample answer: (12  18)  45  30  45  75;
Exercises
12  (18  45)  12  63  75
Name the sets of numbers to which each number belongs.
3. Consider the equations (a
b)
c  a
(b
c) and (a
b)
c  c
(a
b). One of the
equations uses the Associative Property of Multiplication and one uses the Commutative 6
1. Q, R 2. 81
 Z, Q, R 3. 0 W, Z, Q, R 4. 192.0005 Q, R
Property of Multiplication. How can you tell which property is being used in each 7
equation? The first equation uses the Associative Property of Multiplication.
(Lesson 1-2)

The quantities a, b, and c are used in the same order, but they are grouped
differently on the two sides of the equation. The second equation uses the 1 36

5. 73 N, W, Z, Q, R 6. 34 Q, R 7.
9 Q, R 8. 26.1 Q, R
quantities in different orders on the two sides of the equation. So the 2
second equation uses the Commutative Property of Multiplication.
15
9.  I, R 10. N, W, Z, Q, R 11. 4.1
7 Q, R
3
Remember What You Learned
4. How can the meanings of the words commuter and association help you to remember the 25

difference between the commutative and associative properties? Sample answer: 12.
5 N, W, Z, Q, R 13. 1 Z, Q, R 14. 42
 I, R
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

A commuter is someone who travels back and forth to work or another

place, and the commutative property says you can switch the order when
two numbers that are being added or multiplied. An association is a 8 5
15. 11.2 Q, R 16.  Q, R 17.
2 I, R
group of people who are connected or united, and the associative 13
property says that you can switch the grouping when three numbers are
added or multiplied.
18. 33.3
 Q, R 19. 894,000 N, W, Z, Q, R 20. 0.02 Q, R

Chapter 1 12 Glencoe Algebra 2

Chapter 1 13 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
 A1-A23

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

1-2 Study Guide and Intervention (continued) 1-2 Skills Practice

Chapter 1
Properties of Real Numbers Properties of Real Numbers
A2-01-873971

Properties of Real Numbers

Name the sets of numbers to which each number belongs.
Real Number Properties
1. 34 N, W, Z, Q, R 2. 525 Z, Q, R
For any real numbers a, b, and c
5/19/06

Property Addition Multiplication 12

3. 0.875 Q, R 4. N, W, Z, Q, R
Commutative a
bb
a a
bb
a 3
Associative (a
b)
c  a
(b
c) (a
b)
c  a
(b
c)
5. 9
 Z, Q, R 6. 30
 I, R
Identity a
0a0
a a
1a1
a
1 1
8:03 AM

Inverse a
(a)  0  (a)
a If a is not zero, then a

 1 
a.
a a
Name the property illustrated by each equation.
Distributive a(b
c)  ab
ac and (b
c)a  ba
ca

7. 3
x  x
3 8. 3a
0  3a
Example Simplify 9x  3y  12y
0.9x. Comm. () Add. Iden.
Commutative Property (
)
Page A6

9x
3y
12y  0.9x  9x
( 0.9x)
3y
12y

 (9
( 0.9))x
(3
12)y Distributive Property 9. 2(r
w)  2r
2w 10. 2r
(3r
4r)  (2r
3r)
4r
 8.1x
15y Simplify.
Distributive Assoc. ()
Exercises
Simplify each expression. 11. 5y  1 12. 15x(1)  15x
Answers

5y1 
Lesson 1-2

1
1. 8(3a  b)
4(2b  a) 2. 40s
18t  5t
11s 3. (4j
2k 6j
3k) Mult. Inv. Mult. Iden.

A6
5
2
20a 51s  13t k
 j
5 13. 0.6[25(0.5)]  [0.6(25)]0.5 14. (10b
12b)
7b  (12b
10b)
7b
a b Assoc. () Comm. ()
4. 10(6g
3h)
4(5g h) 5. 12  6. 8(2.4r  3.1s)  6(1.5r
2.4s)
3
4 
80g  26h 4a
3b 10.2r
39.2s
Name the additive inverse and multiplicative inverse for each number.
(Lesson 1-2)

3
7. 4(20  4p)  (4  16p) 8. 5.5j
8.9k  4.7k 10.9j 9. 1.2(7x  5)  (10  4.3x) 1
4 15. 15
15,  16. 1.25
1.25, 0.8
15
77
4p 4.2k
5.4j 12.7x
16
4 4 5 3 3 4
17.   ,
 18. 3
3  , 
3 1 3 1 5 5 4 4 4 15
10. 9(7e  4f)  0.6(e
5f ) 11. 2.5m(12  8.5) 12. p  r  r  p
4 5 5 2
1 4
62.4e
39f 8.75m p
r Simplify each expression.
4 5
5 19. 3x
5
2x  3 5x  2 20. x  y  z
y  x
z 0
13. 4(10g
80h)  20(10h  5g) 14. 2(15
45c)
(12
18c)
6
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

140g  120h 40  105c 21. (3g
3h)
5g  10h 2g
13h 22. a2  a
4a  3a2
1
2a2  3a  1
2
15. (7  2.1x)3
2(3.5x  6) 16. (18  6n
12
3n)
3
23. 3(m  z)
5(2m  z) 13m
8z 24. 2x  3y  (5x  3y  2z)
3x  2z
0.7x  9 20
2n
1 1
17. 14( j  2)  3j(4  7) 18. 50(3a  b)  20(b  2a) 25. 6(2
v)  4(2v
1) 8
2v 26. (15d
3)  (8  10d) 10d
3
3 2
2j
7 190a
70b
Chapter 1 14 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 15 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2
 A1-A23
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NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

1-2 Practice 1-2 Word Problem Practice

Chapter 1
Properties of Real Numbers Properties of Real Numbers
5/19/06

Name the sets of numbers to which each number belongs. 1. MENTAL MATH When teaching 4. NUMBER THEORY Consider the
elementary students to multiply and following two statements.
1. 6425 2. 7
 3. 2 4. 0 learn place value, books often show I. The product of any two rational
N, W, Z, Q, R I, R I, R W, Z, Q, R that 54  8  (50
4)  8  (50  8)
numbers is always another rational
number.
8:03 AM

(4  8). What property is used?

25 Distributive Property II. The product of two irrational numbers
5. 6. 16
 Z, Q, R 7. 35 Z, Q, R 8. 31.8 Q, R
36
 Q, R is always irrational.
Name the property illustrated by each equation. Determine if these statements are
always, sometimes, or never true.
9. 5x
(4y
3x)  5x
(3x
4y) 10. 7x
(9x
8)  (7x
9x)
8 Explain.
Page A7

Comm. () Assoc. () I. always II. sometimes,

11. 5(3x
y)  5(3x
1y) 12. 7n
2n  (7
2)n 2  · 2
2
Mult. Iden. Distributive 2. MODELS What property of real
13. 3(2x)y  (3
2)(xy) 14. 3x
2y  3
2
x
y 15. (6
6)y  0y numbers is illustrated by the figure RIGHT TRIANGLES For Exercises 5–7,
below? use the following information.
Assoc. () Comm. () Add. Inv.
7
1
16.
4y  1y 17. 5(x
y)  5x
5y 18. 4n
0  4n 10 The lengths of the sides of the right triangle
4
shown are related by the formula
Mult. Inv. Distributive Add. Iden. 10
= 7 c2 = a2
b2.
Answers

Name the additive inverse and multiplicative inverse for each number.
Lesson 1-2

A7
19. 0.4
0.4, 2.5 20. 1.6 1.6,
0.625 Commutative Property of
c
Multiplication a
11 11 16 5 5 6
21.   ,
 22. 5
5  ,
16 16 11 6 6 35

Simplify each expression. b

23. 5x  3y  2x
3y 3x 24. 11a  13b
7a  3b
4a
16b For each set of values for a and b,
(Lesson 1-2)

determine the value of c. State whether

3. VENN DIAGRAMS Make a Venn c is a natural number.
25. 8x  7y  (3  6y) 8x
y
3 26. 4c  2c  (4c
2c)
4c diagram that shows the relationship
between natural numbers, integers,
1 1 5. a  5, b  12
27. 3(r  10s)  4(7s
2r)
5r
58s 28. (10a  15)
(8
4a) 4a  1 rational numbers, irrational numbers,
5 2 c  13; it is a natural number.
and real numbers.
5 3 1
29. 2(4  2x
y)  4(5
x  y) 30. x
12y  (2x  12y)
6 5
 4 Real Numbers 6. a  7, b  14

12
8x  6y 13y c  245
 or 75 ; it is not a
31. TRAVEL Olivia drives her car at 60 miles per hour for t hours. Ian drives his car at natural number.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

50 miles per hour for (t
2) hours. Write a simplified expression for the sum of the
Natural
distances traveled by the two cars. (110t  100) mi Numbers Irrationals 7. a  7, b  24
c  25; it is a natural number.
32. NUMBER THEORY Use the properties of real numbers to tell whether the following Integers Rationals
statement is true or false: If a  b, it follows that a  b . Explain your reasoning.

a1 
1b 
1 1
false; counterexample: 5  4     
5 4

Chapter 1 16 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 17 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
 A1-A23

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

1-2 Enrichment 1-3 Lesson Reading Guide

Chapter 1
Solving Equations
A2-01-873971

Properties of a Group
Get Ready for the Lesson
A set of numbers forms a group with respect to an operation if for that operation
Read the introduction to Lesson 1-3 in your textbook.
the set has (1) the Closure Property, (2) the Associative Property, (3) a member
which is an identity, and (4) an inverse for each member of the set. • To find your target heart rate, what two pieces of information must you supply? age (A)
5/19/06

and desired intensity level (I )

Example 1 Does the set {0, 1, 2, 3, …} form a group with respect to addition? • Write an equation that shows how to calculate your target heart rate.
Closure Property: For all numbers in the set, is a
b in the set? 0
1  1, and 1 is (220
A) I
P  
6 or P  (220
A) I  6
in the set; 0
2  2, and 2 is in the set; and so on. The set has
closure for addition.
8:03 AM

Associative Property: For all numbers in the set, does a
(b
c)  (a
b)
c? Read the Lesson
0
(1
2)  (0
1)
2; 1
(2
3)  (1
2)
3; and so on. 1. a. How are algebraic expressions and equations alike?
The set is associative for addition.
Sample answer: Both contain variables, constants, and operation
Identity: Is there some number, i, in the set such that i
a  a  a
i signs.
for all a? 0
1  1  1
0; 0
2  2  2
0; and so on.
Page A8

The identity for addition is 0.

b. How are algebraic expressions and equations different?
Inverse: Does each number, a, have an inverse, a , such that
Answers

a
a  a
a  i? The integer inverse of 3 is 3 since Sample answer: Equations contain equal signs; expressions do not.
3
3  0, and 0 is the identity for addition. But the set does not
contain 3. Therefore, there is no inverse for 3.
The set is not a group with respect to addition because only three of the four properties hold. c. How are algebraic expressions and equations related?

A8
Sample answer: An equation is a statement that says that two
Example 2 Is the set {
1, 1} a group with respect to multiplication? algebraic expressions are equal.
Closure Property: (1)(1)  1; (1)(1)  1; (1)(1)  1; (1)(1)  1
The set has closure for multiplication. Read the following problem and then write an equation that you could use to
Associative Property: (1)[(1)(1)]  (1)(1)  1; and so on solve it. Do not actually solve the equation. In your equation, let m be the number
The set is associative for multiplication. of miles driven.
Lesson 1-3

Identity: 1(1)  1; 1(1)  1 2. When Louisa rented a moving truck, she agreed to pay $28 per day plus $0.42 per mile.
The identity for multiplication is 1. If she kept the truck for 3 days and the rental charges (without tax) were $153.72, how
many miles did Louisa drive the truck? 3(28)  0.42m  153.72
(Lessons 1-2 and 1-3)

Inverse: 1 is the inverse of 1 since (1)(1)  1, and 1 is the identity.

1 is the inverse of 1 since (1)(1)  1, and 1 is the identity.
Each member has an inverse.
Remember What You Learned
The set {1, 1} is a group with respect to multiplication because all four properties hold.
3. How can the words reflection and symmetry help you remember and distinguish between
the reflexive and symmetric properties of equality? Think about how these words are
Exercises
used in everyday life or in geometry.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Tell whether the set forms a group with respect to the given operation. Sample answer: When you look at your reflection, you are looking at
1. {integers}, addition yes 2. {integers}, multiplication no yourself. The reflexive property says that every number is equal to itself.
In geometry, symmetry with respect to a line means that the parts of a
2 3 figure on the two sides of a line are identical. The symmetric property of
3. , , , … , addition no 4. {multiples of 5}, multiplication no
 12 2 2  equality allows you to interchange the two sides of an equation. The
5. {x, x2, x3, x4, …} addition no 6. {1
, 2
, 3
, …}, multiplication no equal sign is like the line of symmetry.
7. {irrational numbers}, addition no 8. {rational numbers}, addition yes

Chapter 1 18 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 19 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2
 A1-A23
A2-01-873971

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

1-3 Study Guide and Intervention 1-3 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Chapter 1
Solving Equations Solving Equations
5/19/06

Verbal Expressions to Algebraic Expressions The chart suggests some ways to Properties of Equality You can solve equations by using addition, subtraction,
help you translate word expressions into algebraic expressions. Any letter can be used to multiplication, or division.
represent a number that is not known.
Addition and Subtraction For any real numbers a, b, and c, if a  b,
Word Expression Operation Properties of Equality then a
c  b
c and a  c  b  c.
8:03 AM

and, plus, sum, increased by, more than addition For any real numbers a, b, and c, if a  b,
Multiplication and Division
a b
minus, difference, decreased by, less than subtraction Properties of Equality then a
c  b
c and, if c is not zero,  .
c c
1
times, product, of (as in of a number) multiplication
2
divided by, quotient division Example 1 Solve 100
8x  140. Example 2 Solve 4x  5y  100 for y.
Page A9

100  8x  140 4x
5y  100

Example 1 Write an algebraic Example 2 Write a verbal sentence to 100  8x  100  140  100 4x
5y  4x  100  4x
expression to represent 18 less than represent 6(n
2)  14. 8x  40 5y  100  4x
the quotient of a number and 3. x  5 1
Six times the difference of a number and two y  (100  4x)
n 5
 18 is equal to 14. 4
3 y  20  x
5
Exercises Exercises
Write an algebraic expression to represent each verbal expression. Solve each equation. Check your solution.
Answers

1. the sum of six times a number and 25 6n 25 1. 3s  45 15 2. 17  9  a
8 3. 5t  1  6t  5 4

A9
2. four times the sum of a number and 3 4(n  3) 2 1 3 1
4. m   5. 7  x  3 8 6. 8  2(z
7)
3
3 2 4 2
3. 7 less than fifteen times a number 15n
7
6 7. 0.2b  10 50 8. 3x
17  5x  13 15 9. 5(4  k)  10k
4
9n

4. the difference of nine times a number and the quotient of 6 and the same number n
3 5
10. 120  y  60 80 11. n  98  n 28 12. 4.5
2p  8.7 2.1
Lesson 1-3

4 2
(Lesson 1-3)

5. the sum of 100 and four times a number 100  4n

1
6. the product of 3 and the sum of 11 and a number 3(11  n) 13. 4n
20  53  2n 5  14. 100  20  5r
16 15. 2x
75  102  x 9
2
7. four times the square of a number increased by five times the same number 4n 2  5n
Solve each equation or formula for the specified variable.
8. 23 more than the product of 7 and a number 7n  23 ac s s
16. a  3b  c, for b b   17.  10, for t t  
3 2t 20
Write a verbal sentence to represent each equation. Sample answers are given. h1 3pq 4r
18. h  12g  1, for g g   19.  12, for p p  
12 r q
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

9. 3n  35  79 The difference of three times a number and 35 is equal to 79.

7 d f
20. 2xy  x
7, for x x   21.
 6, for f f  24
2d
2y
1 2 4
10. 2(n3
3n2)  4n Twice the sum of the cube of a number and three times the
square of the number is equal to four times the number. k
22. 3(2j  k)  108, for j j  18   23. 3.5s  42  14t, for s s  4t  12
2
5n
11.  n  8
n
3
The quotient of five times a number and the sum of the m 20n 4 10
number and 3 is equal to the difference of the number and 8. 24.
5m  20, for m m  
n 5n  1
25. 4x  3y  10, for y y   x

3 3

Chapter 1 20 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 21 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
 A1-A23

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

1-3 Skills Practice 1-3 Practice

Chapter 1
Solving Equations Solving Equations
A2-01-873971

Write an algebraic expression to represent each verbal expression. Write an algebraic expression to represent each verbal expression.

1. 4 times a number, increased by 7 2. 8 less than 5 times a number 1. 2 more than the quotient of a number and 5 2. the sum of two consecutive integers
y
4n  7 5n
8 2 n  (n  1)
5
5/19/06

3. 5 times the sum of a number and 1 4. 1 less than twice the square of a number
3. 6 times the sum of a number and 5 4. the product of 3 and a number, divided by 9
3n 5(m  1) 2y 2
1
6(n  5) 
9 Write a verbal expression to represent each equation. 5–8. Sample answers
5. 3 times the difference of 4 and a number 3(4
n) are given.
5. 5  2x  4 6. 3y  4y3
8:03 AM

6. the product of 11 and the square of a number
11n2

The difference of 5 and twice a Three times a number is 4 times
Write a verbal expression to represent each equation. 7–10. Sample answers number is 4. the cube of the number.
are given. m
7. 3c  2(c  1) 8.  3(2m
1) The quotient
7. n  8  16 8. 8
3x  5 5
Three times a number is twice the of a number and 5 is 3 times the
The difference of a number The sum of 8 and 3 times a difference of the number and 1. sum of twice the number and 1.
Page A10

and 8 is 16. number is 5.

y Name the property illustrated by each statement.
9. b2
3  b 10.  2  2y
3
9. If t  13  52, then 52  t  13. 10. If 8(2q
1)  4, then 2(2q
1)  1.
Three added to the square of A number divided by 3 is the
a number is the number. difference of 2 and twice the Symmetric () Division ()
Answers

number. 11. If h
12  22, then h  10. 12. If 4m  15, then 12m  45.

A10
Subtraction () Multiplication ()
Name the property illustrated by each statement.
Solve each equation. Check your solution.
11. If a  0.5b, and 0.5b  10, then a  10. 12. If d
1  f, then d  f  1.
Transitive () Subtraction () 13. 14  8  6r
1 14. 9
4n  59
17

13. If 7x  14, then 14  7x. 14. If (8
7)r  30, then 15r  30. 3 1 5 1 5 3 11 1
15.  n   16. s
 
4 2 8 4 6 4 12 5
Symmetric () Substitution ()
Lesson 1-3
(Lesson 1-3)

4
17. 1.6r
5  7.8 8 18. 6x  5  7  9x 
Solve each equation. Check your solution. 5
3 1
1 19. 5(6  4v)  v
21  20. 6y  5  3(2y
1) 
15. 4m
2  18 4 16. x
4  5x
2  7 6
2
Solve each equation or formula for the specified variable.
22
17. 3t  2t
5 5 18. 3b
7  15
2b  E 2d
1 3c
1
5 21. E  mc2, for m m  2 22. c  , for d d  
3 2
c
19. 5x  3x  24 3 20. 4v
20  6  34 5 h  gt 2 1 2(E
U )
23. h  vt  gt2, for v v   24. E  Iw2
U, for I I  
2
t 2 w
2a
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

21. a   3
5
5 22. 2.2n
0.8n
5  4n 5
Define a variable, write an equation, and solve the problem.
Solve each equation or formula for the specified variable. 25. GEOMETRY The length of a rectangle is twice the width. Find the width if the
I 1 perimeter is 60 centimeters. w  width; 2(2w)  2w  60; 10 cm
23. I  prt, for p p   24. y  x  12, for x x  4y  48
rt 4
26. GOLF Luis and three friends went golfing. Two of the friends rented clubs for $6 each. The
x
y A
2
r 2
25. A  2
, for y y  2A
x 26. A  2r2
2rh, for h h   total cost of the rented clubs and the green fees for each person was $76. What was the cost
2
r
of the green fees for each person? g  green fees per person; 6(2)  4g  76; $16

Chapter 1 22 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 23 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE
1-3 Word Problem Practice
Chapter 1
Solving Equations
1. AGES Robert’s father is 5 years older
than 3 times Robert’s age. Let Robert’s
age be denoted by R and let Robert’s
father’s age be denoted by F. Write an
equation that relates Robert’s age and
his father’s age.
F  3R  5.
2. AIRPLANES The number of passengers
p and the number of suitcases s that an
airplane can carry are related by the
equation 180p + 60s = 3,000. If 10
people board the aircraft, how many
suitcases can the airplane carry?
A11
20 suitcases
3. GEOMETRY The length of a rectangle
is 10 units longer than its width. If
the total perimeter of the rectangle is
44 units, what is the width?
w There is a surplus. Consumption is reduced, possibly because the cost
w
10
w  6 units
Chapter 1
Glencoe Algebra 2
A1-A23
A2-01-873971
____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
1-3 Enrichment
United States’ Gross National Product
5/19/06
4. SAVINGS Jason started with d dollars in
The Gross National Product, GNP, is an important indicator of U.S. economy. The
his piggy bank. One week later, Jason
GNP contains information about the inflation rate, the Bond market, and the Stock
doubled the amount in his piggy bank.
market. It is composed of consumer goods, investments, government expenditures,
Another week later, Jason was able to add
exports, and imports.
8:03 AM
$20 to his piggy bank. At this point, the
piggy bank had $50 in it. What is d? Calculated from GNP  C
I
G
X  M, where
15 C is consumer goods (e.g. TV’s, Cars, Food, Furniture, Clothes, Doctors’ fees, and
Dining)
I is investments (e.g. Factories, Computers, Airlines, and Housing)
G is government spending and investments (e.g. Ships, Roads, Schools, NASA,
Page A11
DOMINOES For Exercises 5 and 6, use
and Bombs)
the information below.
X is exports (e.g. Corn, Wheat, Cars, and Computers)
Nancy is setting up a train of dominos from M is for imports, (e.g. Cars, Computer chips, Clothes, and Oil)
the front entrance straight down the hall to
the kitchen entrance. The thickness of each 1. The most important sector of the U.S. economy is consumption. It makes up about
domino is t. Nancy places the dominoes so 60% of the entire GNP. In 2000, the U.S.’s GNP was 10.5 trillion dollars. In the same
that that the space separating consecutive year, there were 1 trillion dollars in investments, but a 1 trillion dollar trade deficit.
dominoes is 3t. The total distance that N Assuming that consumption made up 60% of the GNP, how much did the government
dominoes takes up is given by d = t(4N + 1). budget for spending?
Answers
t 10.5
6.3  1  G  1. Therefore G
4.2 trillion dollars.
2. In 2001, the U.S. trade deficit remain at 1 trillion dollars, investments also remain
steady at 1 trillion dollars. However consumption dipped to only 50% of the GNP,
3t which increased to 12 trillion dollars. What was the effect on government spending?
What might have caused the change?
Government spending must have gone up, in fact G
6 trillion dollars.
Employment may have caused a dip in consumption.
Lesson 1-3
(Lesson 1-3)
3. If the GNP remains steady, and so do investments and government spending, but the
5. Nancy measures her dominoes and finds trade deficit increases (to say 2 or 3 trillion dollars), what does this say about the
that t  1 centimeter. She measures the consumption level?
distance of her hallway and finds that Consumption will increase.
d  321 centimeters. Rewrite the
equation that relates d, t, and N with the 4. Determine if there is a trade surplus or deficit when there is 12 trillion dollar GNP,
given values substituted for t and d. 2 trillion in investments, 3 trillion in government investments, and 5 trillion in
321  4N  1. consumption. Explain why this situation may be favorable.
of living has reduced.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
6. How many dominoes did Nancy have in
her hallway?
80 dominoes
24 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 25 Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
 A1-A23

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____

1-3 Graphing Calculator Activity 1-4 Lesson Reading Guide

Chapter 1
Solving Equations and Checking Solutions Solving Absolute Value Equations
A2-01-873971

When solving equations, checking the solutions is an important process. A Get Ready for the Lesson
graphing calculator can be used to check the solution of an equation.
Read the introduction to Lesson 1-4 in your textbook.
• What is a seismologist and what does magnitude of an earthquake mean? a scientist
Example 1
5/25/06

Solve
2(5y
1)
y 
4(y
3). who studies earthquakes; a number from 1 to 10 that tells how strong an
earthquake is
Graph the expression on the left side of the equation in Y1 and
the expression on the right side of the equation in Y2. Choose an
appropriate view window so that the intersection of the graphs is • Why is an absolute value equation rather than an equation without absolute value used
visible. Then use the intersect command to find the coordinates of to find the extremes in the actual magnitude of an earthquake in relation to its measured
2:55 PM

the common point. value on the Richter scale? Sample answer: The actual magnitude can vary
from the measured magnitude by up to 0.3 unit in either direction, so an
Keystrokes: Y= (–) 2 ( 5 — 1 ) — ENTER (–)
[
47, 47] scl:10 by [
31, 31] scl:10 absolute value equation is needed.
4 ( — 3 ) ZOOM 6 ZOOM 8 ENTER 2nd [CALC] 5
• If the magnitude of an earthquake is estimated to be 6.9 on the Richter scale, it might
ENTER ENTER ENTER 2nd [QUIT] MATH ENTER ENTER . actually have a magnitude as low as 6.6 or as high as 7.2 .
10
The x-coordinate,

, is the solution to the equation. The y-coordinate
Page A12

7
10 Read the Lesson
is the value of both sides of the equation when x 

.
Answers

7
1. Explain how a could represent a positive number. Give an example. Sample
Example 2 answer: If a is negative, then
a is positive. Example: If a 
25, then
Solve
x


x

1
(x
2).
5 4 2
a 
(
25)  25.
Graph the expression on the left side of the equation in Y1 and the

A12
expression on the right side of the equation in Y2. Enter Y1 - Y2 in
Y3. Then graph the function in Y3. Use the zero function under the 2. Explain why the absolute value of a number can never be negative. Sample answer:
CALC menu to determine where the graph of Y3 equals zero. This The absolute value is the number of units it is from 0 on the number line.
point will be the solution. The number of units is never negative.
Keystrokes: Y = (  5 ) — (  4 )
[
10, 10] scl:1 by [
10, 10] scl:1
ENTER ( 1  2 ) ( — 2 ) ENTER VARS 3. What does the sentence b  0 mean? Sample answer: The number b is 0 or
ENTER ENTER — VARS ENTER 2 ENTER greater than 0.
ENTER ZOOM 6 2nd [CALC] 2.
20
(Lessons 1-3 and 1-4)

Use arrow keys and enter to set the bound prompts. The solution is x 

.
11 4. What does the symbol  mean as a solution set? Sample answer: If a solution set
is , then there are no solutions.
Exercises
Solve each equation.
Lesson 1-4

Remember What You Learned

1. 3(2w  7)  9  2(5w  4) 2. 1.5(4  x)  1.3(2  x) 3.
1
(a  2) 
1
(5  a)
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

4 6 5. How can the number line model for absolute value that is shown on page 28 of your
w 
5
2
x  17 a  4
5 textbook help you remember that many absolute value equations have two solutions?
m4 3m  1 x5 1 x3
Sample answer: The number line shows that for every positive number,
4. 3(2z  25)  2(z  1)  78 5.



 1 6.



 2x 

there are two numbers that have that number as their absolute value.
3 5 2 2 8
21
z  1 m 
8 x 
4 11

Chapter 1 26 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 27 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2
 A1-A23
A2-01-873971

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____

1-4 Study Guide and Intervention 1-4 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Chapter 1
Solving Absolute Value Equations Solving Absolute Value Equations
5/19/06

Absolute Value Expressions The absolute value of a number is the number of Absolute Value Equations Use the definition of absolute value to solve equations
units it is from 0 on a number line. The symbol ⏐x⏐ is used to represent the absolute value containing absolute value expressions.
of a number x.
For any real numbers a and b, where b 0, if ⏐a⏐  b then a  b or a  b.
• Words For any real number a, if a is positive or zero, the absolute value of a is a.
8:03 AM

Absolute Value If a is negative, the absolute value of a is the opposite of a. Always check your answers by substituting them into the original equation. Sometimes
• Symbols For any real number a, ⏐a⏐  a, if a 0, and ⏐a⏐  a, if a  0. computed solutions are not actual solutions.

Example Solve  2x
3   17. Check your solutions.

Example 1 Evaluate 
4 

2x  if Example 2 Evaluate  2x
3y  if
Case 1 a  b Case 2 a  b
x  6. x 
4 and y  3.
Page A13

2x  3  17 2x  3  17
⏐4⏐  ⏐2x⏐  ⏐4⏐  ⏐2
6⏐ ⏐2x  3y⏐  ⏐2(4)  3(3)⏐
2x  3
3  17
3 2x  3
3  17
3
 ⏐4⏐  ⏐12⏐  ⏐8  9⏐
2x  20 2x  14
 4  12  ⏐17⏐
x  10 x  7
 8  17
CHECK ⏐2x  3⏐  17 CHECK ⏐2(7)  3⏐  17
⏐2(10)  3⏐  17 ⏐14  3⏐  17
⏐20  3⏐  17 ⏐17⏐  17
Exercises ⏐17⏐  17 17  17 ✓
1
Answers

Evaluate each expression if w 
4, x  2, y   , and z 
6. 17  17 ✓

2
There are two solutions, 10 and 7.

A13
1. ⏐2x  8⏐ 4 2. ⏐6
z⏐  ⏐7⏐
7 3. 5
⏐w
z⏐ 15
Exercises
1
4. ⏐x
5⏐  ⏐2w⏐
1 5. ⏐x⏐  ⏐y⏐  ⏐z⏐
4  6. ⏐7  x⏐
⏐3x⏐ 11 Solve each equation. Check your solutions.
2
1. ⏐x
15⏐  37 {
52, 22} 2. ⏐t  4⏐  5  0 {
1, 9}
7. ⏐w  4x⏐ 12 8. ⏐wz⏐  ⏐xy⏐ 23 9. ⏐z⏐  3⏐5yz⏐
39
(Lesson 1-4)

3. ⏐x  5⏐  45 {
40, 50} 4. ⏐m
3⏐  12  2m {3}

10. 5⏐w⏐
2⏐z  2y⏐ 34 11. ⏐z⏐  4⏐2z
y⏐
40 12. 10  ⏐xw⏐ 2
5. ⏐5b
9⏐
16  2  6. ⏐15  2k⏐  45 {
15, 30}

13. ⏐6y
z⏐
⏐yz⏐ 6
1 11
14. 3⏐wx⏐
⏐4x
8y⏐ 27 15. 7⏐yz⏐  30
9 7. 5n
24  ⏐8  3n⏐ {
2} 8. ⏐8
5a⏐  14  a
4 
2
, 1
Lesson 1-4

16. 14  2⏐w  xy⏐ 4
1 1
9. ⏐4p  11⏐  p
4 23,
 10. ⏐3x  1⏐  2x
11 {
2, 12}
17. ⏐2x  y⏐
5y 6 18. ⏐xyz⏐
⏐wxz⏐ 54 3  7 
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

1
11. x
3  1  12. 40  4x  2⏐3x  10⏐ {6,
10}
1 ⏐3 ⏐
19. z⏐z⏐
x⏐x⏐
32 20. 12  ⏐10x  10y⏐
3 21. ⏐5z
8w⏐ 31
2
13. 5f  ⏐3f
4⏐  20 {12} 14. ⏐4b
3⏐  15  2b {2,
9}
3 1
22. ⏐yz  4w⏐  w 17 23. ⏐wz⏐
⏐8y⏐ 20 24. xz  ⏐xz⏐
24
4 2 1
15. ⏐6  2x⏐  3x
1  16. ⏐16  3x⏐  4x  12 {4}
2  12 
Chapter 1 28 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 29 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
 A1-A23

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____

1-4 Skills Practice 1-4 Practice

Chapter 1
Solving Absolute Value Equations Solving Absolute Value Equations
A2-01-873971

Evaluate each expression if w  0.4, x  2, y 
3, and z 
10. Evaluate each expression if a 
1, b 
8, c  5, and d 
1.4.

1. ⏐5w⏐ 2 2. ⏐9y⏐ 27 1. ⏐6a⏐ 6 2. ⏐2b
4⏐ 12

4. ⏐17c⏐
⏐3b  5⏐ 114
5/19/06

3. ⏐10d
a⏐
15

3. ⏐9y  z⏐ 17 4. ⏐17z⏐
170 5. 6⏐10a  12⏐
132 6. ⏐2b  1⏐  ⏐8b
5⏐
52

7. ⏐5a  7⏐
⏐3c  4⏐ 23 8. ⏐1  7c⏐  ⏐a⏐ 33

5. ⏐10z  31⏐
131 6. ⏐8x  3y⏐
⏐2y
5x⏐
21
8:03 AM

9. 3⏐0.5c
2⏐  ⏐0.5b⏐
17.5 10. ⏐4d⏐
⏐5  2a⏐ 12.6

11. ⏐a  b⏐
⏐b  a⏐ 14 12. ⏐2  2d⏐  3⏐b⏐
19.2

7. 25  ⏐5z
1⏐
24 8. 44
⏐2x  y⏐ 45
Solve each equation. Check your solutions.
Page A14

9. 2⏐4w⏐ 3.2 10. 3  ⏐1  6w⏐ 1.6 13. ⏐n  4⏐  13 {
9, 17} 14. ⏐x  13⏐  2 {11, 15}

15. ⏐2y  3⏐  29 {
13, 16} 16. 7⏐x
3⏐  42 {
9, 3}

11. ⏐3x  2y⏐  4
4 12. 6.4
⏐w  1⏐ 7
17. ⏐3u  6⏐  42 {
12, 16}
Answers

18. ⏐5x  4⏐  6 

A14
19. 3⏐4x  9⏐  24  20. 6⏐5  2y⏐  9 1.75, 3.25
Solve each equation. Check your solutions.  
13. ⏐y
3⏐  2 {
5,
1} 14. ⏐5a⏐  10 {
2, 2} 21. ⏐8
p⏐  2p  3 {11} 22. ⏐4w  1⏐  5w
37 {
38}

2
23. 4⏐2y  7⏐
5  9 {3, 4} 24. 2⏐7  3y⏐  6  14 1, 3 
4 8
 3 
15. ⏐3k  6⏐  2  ,  16. ⏐2g
6⏐  0 {
3}
3 3   25. 2⏐4  s⏐  3s {
8} 26. 5  3⏐2
2w⏐  7 {
3, 1}
(Lesson 1-4)

17. 10  ⏐1  c⏐ {
9, 11} 18. ⏐2x
x⏐  9 {
3, 3} 27. 5⏐2r
3⏐  5  0 {
2,
1} 28. 3  5⏐2d  3⏐  4 

29. WEATHER A thermometer comes with a guarantee that the stated temperature differs
19. ⏐p  7⏐  14  20. 2⏐3w⏐  12 {
2, 2} from the actual temperature by no more than 1.5 degrees Fahrenheit. Write and solve an
equation to find the minimum and maximum actual temperatures when the
thermometer states that the temperature is 87.4 degrees Fahrenheit.
Lesson 1-4

21. ⏐7x  3x⏐
2  18 {
4, 4} 22. 4⏐7  y⏐  1  11 {4, 10}

 x
87.4   1.5; or 85.9  x  88.9
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

30. OPINION POLLS Public opinion polls reported in newspapers are usually given with a
margin of error. For example, a poll with a margin of error of 5% is considered accurate
1 1 5
23. ⏐3n  2⏐   , 
2
24. ⏐8d  4d⏐
5  13 {
2, 2} to within plus or minus 5% of the actual value. A poll with a stated margin of error of
 2 6 
3% predicts that candidate Tonwe will receive 51% of an upcoming vote. Write and
solve an equation describing the minimum and maximum percent of the vote that
5 1 candidate Tonwe is expected to receive.
25. 5⏐6a
2⏐  15
 ,  26. ⏐k⏐
10  9 
 6 6   x
51   3 or 48  x  54

Chapter 1 30 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 31 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE
1-4 Word Problem Practice
Chapter 1
Solving Absolute Value Equations
1. LOCATIONS Identical vacation
cottages, equally spaced along a street,
are numbered consecutively beginning
with 10. Maria lives in cottage #17.
Joshua lives 4 cottages away from
Maria. If n represents Joshua’s cottage
number, then |n  17|  4. What are
the possible numbers of Joshua’s
0 and where x
6  0. Here are the equations for
cottage?
Maria’s
10 12 14 16 18 20
13 or 21
2. HEIGHT Sarah and Jessica are sisters.
Sarah’s height is s inches and Jessica’s
height is j inches. Their father wants
A15
to know how many inches separate
the two. Write an equation for this
difference in such a way that the result
will always be positive no matter which
sister is taller.
d  |s
j| or d  |j
s|
3. AGES Rhonda conducts a survey of the
ages of students in eleventh grade at her
school. On November 1, she finds the
average age is 200 months. She also
finds that two-thirds of the students
are within 3 months of the average
age. Write and solve an equation to
determine the age limits for this group
of students.
|a
200|  3
a  197 or 203
Chapter 1
Glencoe Algebra 2
A1-A23
A2-01-873971
____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
1-4 Enrichment
5/19/06
4. TOLERANCE Martin makes exercise Considering All Cases in Absolute Value Equations
weights. For his 10 pound dumbbells, he
You have learned that absolute value equations with one set of absolute value
guarantees that the actual weight of his
symbols have two cases that must be considered. For example, | x
3 |  5 must
dumbbells is within 0.1 pounds of 10 be broken into x
3  5 or (x
3)  5. For an equation with two sets of
pounds. Write and solve an equation that
8:03 AM
absolute value symbols, four cases must be considered.
describes the minimum and maximum
weight of his 10 pound dumbbells. Consider the problem | x
2 |
3  | x
6 |. First we must write the equations
| w
10|  0.1 for the case where x
6
minimum weight: 9.9 pounds these two cases:
maximum weight: 10.1 pounds
| x
2|
3  x
6
Page A15
| x
2 |
3  (x
6)
WALKING For Exercises 5–7, use the
22 24 Each of these equations also has two cases. By writing the equations for both
following information.
cases of each equation above, you end up with the following four equations:
Jim is walking along a straight line. An
observer watches him. If Jim walks forward, x
2
3x
6 x
2
3  (x
6)
the observer records the distance as a (x
2)
3  x
6 x  2
3  (x
6)
positive number, but if he walks backward,
the observer records the distance as a Solve each of these equations and check your solutions in the original equation,
negative number. The observer has recorded
Answers
that Jim has walked a, then b, then c feet.
| x
2 |
3  | x
6 |. The only solution to this equation is  52 .
5. Write a formula for the total distance Exercises
that Jim walked.
T  |a|  |b |  |c | Solve each absolute value equation. Check your solution.
1. | x  4 |  | x
7 | x 
1.5 2. |2x
9 |  | x  3 | x 
12,
2
(Lesson 1-4)
3. |3x  6 |  |5x
10 | x 
2 4. | x
4 |  6  | x  3 | x  2.5
6. The equation you wrote in part A
should not be T  |a
b
c|.
What does |a
b
c| represent? 5. How many cases would there be for an absolute value equation containing
The distance Jim ends up from three sets of absolute value symbols? 8
where he started.
6. List each case and solve | x
2 |
| 2x  4 |  | x  3 |. Check your solution.
x  2  2x
4  x
3
(x  2)  2x
4  x
3
7. When would the formula you wrote in
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
part A give the same value as the formula x  2  2x
4 
(x
3)
(x  2)  2x
4 
(x
3)
shown in part B?
(x  2)  (
2x
4)  x
3 x  2  (
2x
4)  x
3
They will be equal only if Jim walks
in the same direction each time
(x  2)  (
2x
4) 
(x
3) x  2  (
2x
4) 
(x
3)
giving a, b, and c all the same sign.
no solution
Lesson 1-5
32 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 33 Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
 A1-A23

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____

1-4 Spreadsheet Activity 1-5 Lesson Reading Guide

Chapter 1
Absolute Value Statements Solving Inequalities
A2-01-873971

You can use a spreadsheet to try several different values in an equation to Get Ready for the Lesson
help you determine whether the statement is sometimes, always, or never
Read the introduction to Lesson 1-5 in your textbook.
true. Remember that showing that a statement is true for some values does
not prove that it is true for all values. However, finding one value for which a • Write an inequality comparing the number of minutes per month included in the two
5/19/06

statement is false proves that it is not true for all values. phone plans. 150 400 or 400  150
• Suppose that in one month you use 475 minutes of airtime on your wireless phone. Find
Determine whether c|a  b|  |ca  cb| is sometimes, always, or your monthly cost with each plan.
never true. Plan 1: $65 Plan 2: $55
Try a number of values for a, b, and c to determine whether the statement is Which plan should you choose? Plan 2
8:03 AM

true or false for each set of values.

Step 1 Use Columns A, B, and C

Read the Lesson
for the values of a, b, and 1. There are several different ways to write or show inequalities. Write each of the
c. Choose several sets of following in interval notation.
values including positive
Page A16

and negative numbers, a. {x  x,
3}

and zero. ⫺5 ⫺4 ⫺3 ⫺2 ⫺1 0 1 2 3 4 5
Answers

b. {x  x  5}
Step 2 Use Column D to test ⫺1 ⫺0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
the equation. A formula c. {x  x  2}
such as C2*ABS(A2
B2)
5
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4 5
 ABS(C2*A2
C2*B2)

A16
in cell D2 returns TRUE d. {x  x 
1}

5
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4 5
if the equation is true.
2. Show how you can write an inequality symbol followed by a number to describe each of
Through observation of Column D, when c is negative the statement is not the following situations.
true. The absolute value statement, c|a
b|  |ca
cb| is sometimes true;
it is true only if c 0. a. There are fewer than 600 students in the senior class. 600

b. A student may enroll in no more than six courses each semester.  6

Exercises
c. To participate in a concert, you must be willing to attend at least ten rehearsals.  10
Use a spreadsheet to determine whether each absolute value
(Lessons 1-4 and 1-5)

statement is sometimes, always, or never true. d. There is space for at most 165 students in the high school band.  165

1. For all real numbers a and b, a  0, |ax
b|  0. sometimes Remember What You Learned
2. If a and b are real numbers, then |a
b|  |a|  |b|. sometimes 3. One way to remember something is to explain it to another person. A common student
error in solving inequalities is forgetting to reverse the inequality symbol when
multiplying or dividing both sides of an inequality by a negative number. Suppose that
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

3. If a and b are real numbers, then |a
b|  x. never

your classmate is having trouble remembering this rule. How could you explain this rule
to your classmate? Sample answer: Draw a number line. Plot two positive
4. If a and b are real numbers, then |a|  |b|  a  b. sometimes
numbers, for example, 3 and 8. Then plot their additive inverses,
3 and

8. Write an inequality that compares the positive numbers and one that
5. If a and b are real numbers, then c|a
b|  c|a|
|b|. sometimes
compares the negative numbers. Notice that 8  3, but
8
3. The
order changes when you multiply by
1.
Lesson 1-5

Chapter 1 34 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 35 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2
 A1-A23
A2-01-873971

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____

1-5 Study Guide and Intervention 1-5 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Chapter 1
Solving Inequalities Solving Inequalities
5/19/06

Solve Inequalities The following properties can be used to solve inequalities. Real-World Problems with Inequalities Many real-world problems involve
inequalities. The chart below shows some common phrases that indicate inequalities.
Addition and Subtraction Properties for Inequalities Multiplication and Division Properties for Inequalities
  
For any real numbers a, b, and c: For any real numbers a, b, and c, with c  0:
a b
1. If a  b, then a
c  b
c and a  c  b  c. 1. If c is positive and a  b, then ac  bc and  . is less than is greater than is at most is at least
8:03 AM

c c
2. If a  b, then a
c  b
c and a  c  b  c. is fewer than is more than is no more than is no less than
a b
2. If c is positive and a  b, then ac  bc and  . is less than or equal to is greater than or equal to
c c
a b
3. If c is negative and a  b, then ac  bc and  .
c c Example
a b
SPORTS The Vikings play 36 games this year. At midseason, they
4. If c is negative and a  b, then ac  bc and  . have won 16 games. How many of the remaining games must they win in order to
c c
win at least 80% of all their games this season?
Page A17

These properties are also true for  and .

Let x be the number of remaining games that the Vikings must win. The total number of
Example 1 Example 2 games they will have won by the end of the season is 16
x. They want to win at least 80%
Solve 2x  4  36. Solve 17
3w  35. Then of their games. Write an inequality with .
Then graph the solution set on a graph the solution set on a number line.
16
x 0.8(36)
number line. 17  3w 35 x 0.8(36)  16
2x
4  4  36  4 17  3w  17 35  17 x 12.8
2x  32 3w 18 Since they cannot win a fractional part of a game, the Vikings must win at least 13 of the
x  16 w  6 games remaining.
The solution set is {x⏐x  16}. The solution set is {w⏐w  6}.
Answers

Exercises
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

A17
1. PARKING FEES The city parking lot charges $2.50 for the first hour and $0.25 for each
additional hour. If the most you want to pay for parking is $6.50, solve the inequality
Exercises 2.50
0.25(x  1)  6.50 to determine for how many hours you can park your car.
At most 17 hours
Solve each inequality. Describe the solution set using set-builder notation.
Then graph the solution set on a number line. PLANNING For Exercises 2 and 3, use the following information.
1. 7(7a  9)  84 2. 3(9z
4)  35z  4 3. 5(12  3n)  165 Ethan is reading a 482-page book for a book report due on Monday. He has already read
(Lesson 1-5)

80 pages. He wants to figure out how many pages per hour he needs to read in order to
{a  a  3} {z  z 2} {n  n 
7} finish the book in less than 6 hours.
482
80
1 2 3 4
2. Write an inequality to describe this situation.   6 or 6n  482
80

4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
4
3
2
1 0
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1 0 n
3. Solve the inequality and interpret the solution. Ethan must read at least 67 pages
4. 18  4k  2(k
21) 5. 4(b  7)
6  22 6. 2
3(m
5) 4(m
3) per hour in order to finish the book in less than 6 hours.
{k  k 
4} {b  b 11} {m  m  5}
BOWLING For Exercises 4 and 5, use the following information.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1 0 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Four friends plan to spend Friday evening at the bowling alley. Three of the friends need to
rent shoes for $3.50 per person. A string (game) of bowling costs $1.50 per person. If the
1 friends pool their $40, how many strings can they afford to bowl?
7. 4x  2  7(4x  2) 8. (2y  3)  y
2 9. 2.5d
15  75
3
1 4. Write an equation to describe this situation. 3(3.50)  4(1.50)n  40
xx {y  y
9} {d  d  24}
 2 
5. Solve the inequality and interpret the solution. The friends can bowl at most
Lesson 1-5

4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
14
12
10
8
6 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 4 strings.

Chapter 1 36 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 37 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
 A1-A23

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____

1-5 Skills Practice 1-5 Practice

Chapter 1
Solving Inequalities Solving Inequalities
A2-01-873971

Solve each inequality. Describe the solution set using set-builder or interval Solve each inequality. Describe the solution set using set-builder or interval
notation. Then, graph the solution set on a number line. notation. Then, graph the solution set on a number line.
z 1. 8x  6 10 {x  x  2} 2. 23  4u  11 {u  u  3}
1. 2 {z  z 
8} 2. 3a
7  16 {a  a  3}
4
5/19/06

4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
2
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
3. 16  8r 0 {r  r 
2} 4. 14s  9s
5 {s  s 1}
3. 16  3q
4 {q  q  4} 4. 20  3s  7s {s  s 2}

4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
8:03 AM

1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4 2 5
5. 9x  11  6x  9 x  x   6. 3(4w  1)  18 w  w

3
   4 
5. 3x 9 {x  x 
3} 6. 4b  9  7 {b  b  4}

4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4

4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
2
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Page A18

7. 1  8u  3u  10 {u  u  1} 8. 17.5  19  2.5x {x  x 0.6}

7. 2z  9
5z {z  z  3} 8. 7f  9  3f  1 {f  f  2}

4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4

2
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4 9. 9(2r  5)  3  7r  4 {r  r 4} 10. 1
5(x  8)  2  (x
5) {x  x  6}

Answers

7
9. 3s  8  5s {s  s 
1} 10. 7t  (t  4)  25 t  t  
2
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

A18
2 
4x  3 4
11.
2
3.5 {x  x 
1} 12. q  2(2  q)  0 q  q  

4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
 3 
3
11. 0.7m
0.3m 2m  4 {m  m  4} 12. 4(5x
7)  13 x  x 
 or
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
 4 
13. 36  2(w
77)  4(2w
52) 14. 4n  5(n  3)  3(n
1)  4
1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4
(Lesson 1-5)

2
1 0
4
3
2
1 0 {w  w 
3} {n  n 4}
13. 1.7y  0.78  5 {y  y  3.4} 14. 4x  9  2x
1 {x  x  5}
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
2
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Define a variable and write an inequality for each problem. Then solve.

2
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
15. Twenty less than a number is more than twice the same number.
n
20  2n; n
20
Define a variable and write an inequality for each problem. Then solve.
16. Four times the sum of twice a number and 3 is less than 5.5 times that same number.
15. Nineteen more than a number is less than 42. n  19 42; n 23 4[2n  (
3)] 5.5n; n 4.8
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

16. The difference of three times a number and 16 is at least 8. 3n
16  8; n  8 17. HOTELS The Lincoln’s hotel room costs $90 a night. An additional 10% tax is added.
Hotel parking is $12 per day. The Lincoln’s expect to spend $30 in tips during their stay.
1 Solve the inequality 90x
90(0.1)x
12x
30  600 to find how many nights the
17. One half of a number is more than 6 less than the same number.  n  n
6; n 12
2 Lincoln’s can stay at the hotel without exceeding total hotel costs of $600. 5 nights
18. Five less than the product of 6 and a number is no more than twice that same number. 18. BANKING Jan’s account balance is $3800. Of this, $750 is for rent. Jan wants to keep a
5 balance of at least $500. Write and solve an inequality describing how much she can
Lesson 1-5

6n
5  2n; n  
4 withdraw and still meet these conditions. 3800
750
w  500; w  $2550

Chapter 1 38 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 39 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____
1-5 Word Problem Practice
Chapter 1
Solving Inequalities
1. PANDAS An adult panda bear will eat
at least 20 pounds of bamboo every day.
Write an inequality that expresses this
situation.
b  20
2. PARTY FAVORS Janelle would like to
give a party bag to every person who is
coming to her party. The cost of the
party bag is $7 per person. Write an
inequality that describes the number
of people P that she can invite if

6.
Janelle has D dollars to spend on
the party bags.
A1-A23
A2-01-873971
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
1-5 Enrichment
5/19/06
4. FINDING THE ERROR The sample Equivalence Relations
below shows how Brandon solved
5  2x  7. Study his solution and A relation R on a set A is an equivalence relation if it has the following properties.
determine if it is correct. Explain your Reflexive Property For any element a of set A, a R a.
reasoning.
8:03 AM
Symmetric Property For all elements a and b of set A, if
a R b, then b R a.
5 < —2x — 7
Transitive Property For all elements a, b, and c of set A,
12 < —2x if a R b and b R c, then a R c.
—6 < x Equality on the set of all real numbers is reflexive, symmetric, and transitive.
Therefore, it is an equivalence relation.
Page A19
It is incorrect. From step 2 to step
3, Brandon must change In each of the following, a relation and a set are given. Write yes if the
relation is an equivalence relation on the given set. If it is not, tell
the direction of the inequality which of the properties it fails to exhibit.
because he is dividing by a
negative number. 1. , {all numbers} no; reflexive, symmetric
The correct answer is x
2. , {all triangles in a plane} yes
CARNIVALS For Exercises 5–7, use the
Answers
3. is the sister of, {all women in Tennessee} no; reflexive
P D following information.
7

A19
On a Ferris wheel at a carnival, only two 4. , {all numbers} no; symmetric
people per car are allowed. The two people
together cannot weigh more than 300
pounds. Let x and y be the weights of the 5. is a factor of, {all nonzero integers} no; symmetric
people.
6.
, {all polygons in a plane} yes
5. Write an inequality that describes the
(Lesson 1-5)

3. INCOME Manuel takes a job translating weight limitation in terms of x and y. 7. is the spouse of, {all people in Roanoke, Virginia} no; reflexive, transitive
English instruction manuals to Spanish.
He will receive $15 per page plus $100
per month. Manuel would like to work for
3 months during the summer and make
at least $1,500. Write and solve an
inequality to find the minimum number
x  y  300
8. ⊥, {all lines in a plane} no; reflexive, transitive
6. Write an inequality that describes the
limit on the average weight a of the two 9. is a multiple of, {all integers} no; symmetric
riders.
of pages Manuel must translate in order a  150 10. is the square of, {all numbers} no; reflexive, symmetric, transitive
to reach his goal.
15P  300  1500 11. no; reflexive
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

7. Ron and his father want to go on the ride

, {all lines in a plane}
P  80; Manuel must translate at
least 80 pages. together. Ron’s father weighs 175 pounds.
What is the maximum weight Ron can be 12. has the same color eyes as, {all members of the Cleveland Symphony Orchestra} yes
for the two to be allowed on the ride?
125 pounds 13. is the greatest integer not greater than, {all numbers}
no; reflexive, symmetric, transitive
Lesson 1-5

14. is the greatest integer not greater than, {all integers} yes

Chapter 1 40 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 41 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
 A1-A23

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____

1-6 Lesson Reading Guide 1-6 Study Guide and Intervention

Chapter 1
Solving Compound and Absolute Value Inequalities Solving Compound and Absolute Value Inequalities
A2-01-873971

Get Ready for the Lesson Compound Inequalities A compound inequality consists of two inequalities joined by
the word and or the word or. To solve a compound inequality, you must solve each part
Read the introduction to Lesson 1-6 in your textbook. separately.
• Five patients arrive at a medical laboratory at 11:30 A.M. for a glucose tolerance test.
5/19/06

Each of them is asked when they last had something to eat or drink. Some of the patients And Example: x  4 and x  3 The graph is the intersection of solution sets of
Lesson 1-6

are given the test and others are told that they must come back another day. Each of the Compound two inequalities.
Inequalities
5
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4 5
patients is listed below with the times when they started to fast. (The P.M. times refer to
the night before.) Which of the patients were accepted for the test?
Or Example: x  3 or x  1 The graph is the union of solution sets of
Ora 5:00 A.M. Juanita 11:30 P.M. Jason and Juanita Compound two inequalities.
1 2 3 4 5
8:03 AM

Jason 1:30 A.M. Samir 5:00 P.M. Inequalities
5
4
3
2
1 0

Read the Lesson Example 1 Solve
3  2x  5  19. Example 2 Solve 3y
2  7 or

1. a. Write a compound inequality that says, “x is greater than 3 and x is less than or Graph the solution set on a number line. 2y
1 
9. Graph the solution set
equal to 4.”
3 x  4 3  2x
5 and 2x
5  19 on a number line.
Page A20

8  2x 2x  14 3y  2 7 or 2y  1  9
b. Graph the inequality that you wrote in part a on a number line.
4  x x7 3y 9 or 2y  8

5
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 4  x  7 y 3 or y  4

8
6
4
2 0 2 4 6 8
8
6
4
2 0 2 4 6 8
Answers

2. Use a compound inequality and set-builder notation to describe the following graph.
{x  x 
1 or x  3}

A20

5
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 Exercises

Solve each inequality. Graph the solution set on a number line.

3. Write a statement equivalent to ⏐4x  5⏐  2 that does not use the absolute value 1
symbol. 4x
5  2 or 4x
5
2 1. 10  3x
2  14 2. 3a
8  23 or a  6  7
4
{x 
4 x  4} {a  a 5 or a  52}
4. Write a statement equivalent to ⏐3x
7⏐  8 that does not use the absolute value
(Lesson 1-6)

symbol.
8 3x  7 8
8
6
4
2 0 2 4 6 8
10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

3. 18  4x  10  50 4. 5k
2  13 or 8k  1  19
Remember What You Learned {x  7 x 15} {k  k
3 or k  2.5}
5. Many students have trouble knowing whether an absolute value inequality should be
3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
translated into an and or an or compound inequality. Describe a way to remember which
of these applies to an absolute value inequality. Also describe how to recognize the 2 3
difference from a number line graph. Sample answer: If the absolute value 5. 100  5y  45  225 6. b  2  10 or b
5  4
3 4
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

quantity is followed by a or  symbol, the expression inside the

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

{y  29  y  54} {b  b
12 or b  18}

absolute value bars must be between two numbers, so this becomes an
and inequality. The number line graph will show a single interval 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
24
12 0 12 24
between two numbers. If the absolute value quantity is followed by a 
or  symbol, it becomes an or inequality, and the graph will show two 7. 22  6w 2  82 8. 4d  1  9 or 2d
5  11
disconnected intervals with arrows going in opposite directions.
{w  4 w 14} {all real numbers}

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4

Chapter 1 42 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 43 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2
 A1-A23
A2-01-873971

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____

1-6 Study Guide and Intervention (continued) 1-6 Skills Practice

Chapter 1
Solving Compound and Absolute Value Inequalities Solving Compound and Absolute Value Inequalities
5/19/06

Absolute Value Inequalities Use the definition of absolute value to rewrite an Write an absolute value inequality for each of the following. Then graph the
absolute value inequality as a compound inequality. solution set on a number line.

For all real numbers a and b, b  0, the following statements are true. 1. all numbers greater than or equal to 2 2. all numbers less than 5 and greater
1. If ⏐a⏐  b, then b  a  b. or less than or equal to 2  n   2 than 5  n  5
8:03 AM

Lesson 1-6

2. If ⏐a⏐  b, then a  b or a  b.

These statements are also true for  and .
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
8
6
4
2 0 2 4 6 8

3. all numbers less than 1 or greater 4. all numbers between 6 and 6  n  6

Example 1 Solve  x  2   4. Graph Example 2 Solve  2x
1  5. than 1  n   1
the solution set on a number line. Graph the solution set on a number line.

4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
8
6
4
2 0 2 4 6 8
Page A21

By statement 2 above, if ⏐x
2⏐  4, then By statement 1 above, if ⏐2x  1⏐  5, then

x
2  4 or x
2  4. Subtracting 2 5  2x  1  5. Adding 1 to all three parts
from both sides of each inequality gives of the inequality gives 4  2x  6. Write an absolute value inequality for each graph.
x  2 or x  6. Dividing by 2 gives 2  x  3.
5. n 1 6. n 4

4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4

8
6
4
2 0 2 4 6 8
8
6
4
2 0 2 4 6 8

7. n 3 8.  n   2.5
Exercises
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4

Solve each inequality. Graph the solution set on a number line.

Solve each inequality. Graph the solution set on a number line.
Answers

4
1. ⏐3x
4⏐  8 x 
4 x  2. ⏐4s⏐
1  27 {s  s
6.5 or s  6.5}

A21
 3  9. 2c
1  5 or c  0 {c  c  2 10. 11  4y  3  1 {y 
2  y  1}
or c 0}

5
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3
8
6
4
2 0 2 4 6 8
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4

c 11. 10  5x  5 {x 
2 x
1} 12. 4a 8 or a  3 {a  a 
2

3.  3  5 {c 
4  c  16} 4. ⏐a
9⏐ 30 {a  a 
39 or a  21}
⏐2 ⏐ or a
3}

4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
(Lesson 1-6)

8
4 0 4 8 12 16 20 24
40
20 0 20 40
13. 8  3x
2  23 {x  2 x  7} 14. w  4  10 or 2w  6 all real
numbers
5. ⏐2f  11⏐  9 {f  f 1 or f  10} 6. ⏐5w
2⏐  28 {w 
6 w 5.2} 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4

4
2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
8
6
4
2 0 2 4 6 8 15. ⏐t⏐ 3 {t  t 
3 or t  3} 16. ⏐6x⏐  12 {x 
2 x 2}

4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
x
7. ⏐10  2k⏐  2 {k  4 k 6} 8.  5
2  10 {x  x
6 or x  26}
2
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

⏐ ⏐ 17. ⏐7r⏐  14 {r  r
2 or r  2} 18. ⏐p
2⏐  2 

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
10
5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30

4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4

3 2 19. ⏐n  5⏐  7 {n 
2 n 12} 20. ⏐h
1⏐ 5 {h  h 
6 or h  4}

9. ⏐4b  11⏐  17 b 
 b 7 10. ⏐100  3m⏐  20 m  m 26  or m 
 2  40 3
2 4 6 8 10 12 2 4 6 8

4
2 0
8
6
4
2 0

Chapter 1 44 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 45 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
 A1-A23

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

1-6 Practice 1-6 Word Problem Practice

Chapter 1
Solving Compound and Absolute Value Inequalities Solving Compound and Absolute Value Inequalities
A2-01-873971

Write an absolute value inequality for each of the following. Then graph the
solution set on a number line. 1. AQUARIUM The depth d of an 4. NUMBERS Amy is thinking of two
aquarium tank for dolphins satisfies numbers a and b. The sum of the two
1. all numbers greater than 4 or less than 4  n   4 |d  50|  5. Rewrite this as a numbers must be within 10 units of zero.

8
6
4
2 0 2 4 6 8 compound inequality that does not If a is between 100 and 100, write a
5/19/06

2. all numbers between 1.5 and 1.5, including involve the absolute value function. compound inequality that describes the
Lesson 1-6

1.5 and 1.5  n   1.5
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4 45 d < 55 possible values of b.

110 b 110
Write an absolute value inequality for each graph.
4
3.  n   10 4. n 
3
8:03 AM

20
10 0 10 20
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4 AIRLINE BAGGAGE For Exercises 5–7,

use the following information.
Solve each inequality. Graph the solution set on a number line.
An airline company has a size limitation for
5. 8  3y  20  52 {y  4  y 24} 6. 3(5x  2)  24 or 6x  4  4
5x 2. HIKING For a hiking trip, everybody carry-on luggage. The limitation states that
must bring at least one backpack. the sum of the length, width, and height of
{x  x 2
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32
2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 However, because of space limitations, the suitcase must not exceed 45 inches.
Page A22

or x  8}
nobody is allowed to bring more than
7. 2x  3  15 or 3  7x  17 {x  x 
2} 8. 15  5x  0 and 5x
6 14 {x  x  two backpacks. Let n be the number of
3} people going on the hiking trip and b be
the number of backpacks allowed. Write h
a compound inequality that describes
Answers

4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
how b and n are related.
5 5

A22
or w   n  b  2n w
9. ⏐2w⏐ 5 w  w 

2  2  10. ⏐y
5⏐  2 {x 
7 x
3} l

4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1 0 5. Write an inequality that describes the

1 5 airline’s carry-on size limitation.
11. ⏐x  8⏐ 3 {x  x  5 or x  11} z
2
12. ⏐2z  2⏐  3 z 
 2 h 
 w  45
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
(Lesson 1-6)

3. CONCERT Jacinta is organizing a large

13. ⏐2x
2⏐  7  5 {x 
2  x  0} 14. ⏐x⏐  x  1 all real numbers 6. A passenger needs to bring a soil sample
fund-raiser concert in a space with a
on the plane that is at least 1 cubic foot.
maximum capacity of 10,000 people. Her

4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4 The passenger is bringing it in a suitcase
goal is to raise at least $100,000. Tickets
1 5 that is in the shape of a cube with side
cost $20 per person. Jacinta spends
15. ⏐3b
5⏐  2  16. ⏐3n  2⏐  2  1 n 

3
n 
3  length s inches. Write an inequality that
$50,000 to put the event together. Write
gives the minimum length for s.
and solve a compound inequality that

4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4
4
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4 s  12
describes N, the number of attendees
needed to achieve Jacinta’s goal.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

17. RAINFALL In 90% of the last 30 years, the rainfall at Shell Beach has varied no more 20N
50,000  100,000 and N 
than 6.5 inches from its mean value of 24 inches. Write and solve an absolute value 10,000; The attendance must be 7. Write a compound inequality for s using
inequality to describe the rainfall in the other 10% of the last 30 years. between 7,500 and 10,000 people, parts A and B. Find the maximum and
 r
24   6.5; {r  r 17.5 or r  30.5} inclusive. minimum values for s.
s  12 and 3s  45; s is at least 12
18. MANUFACTURING A company’s guidelines call for each can of soup produced not to vary and at most 15
from its stated volume of 14.5 fluid ounces by more than 0.08 ounces. Write and solve an
absolute value inequality to describe acceptable can volumes.
 v
14.5   0.08; {v  14.42  v  14.58}
Chapter 1 46 Glencoe Algebra 2 Chapter 1 47 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2
 A1-A23
A2-01-873971

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____

1-6 Enrichment

Chapter 1
5/19/06

Conjunctions and Disjunctions

An absolute value inequality may be solved as a compound sentence.

Example 1 Solve 2x  10.

8:03 AM

 2 x   10 means 2x  10 and 2x  10.

Solve each inequality. x  5 and x  5.
Every solution for 2x   10 is a replacement for x that makes both x  5
and x  5 true.
Page A23

A compound sentence that combines two statements by the word and is

a conjunction.

Example 2 Solve 3x
7  11.

3x  7 11 means 3x  7 11 or 3x  7  11.
Solve each inequality. 3x 18 or 3x  4
4
x 6 or x  
3
Answers

Every solution for the inequality is a replacement for x that makes either
4

A23
x 6 or x   true.
3

A compound sentence that combines two statements by the word or is

a disjunction.

Exercises
Solve each inequality. Then write whether the solution is a conjunction or
(Lesson 1-6)

disjunction.
1.  4x   24 2.  x  7  8
x  6 or x
6; disjunction x  15 and x 
1; conjunction
3. 2x
5  1 4.  x  1 1
x
2 and x 
3; conjunction x  2 or x  0; disjunction
5. 3x  1  x 6. 7   2x   5
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

1 1
x   and x  ; conjunction x 1 and x 
1; conjunction
2 4
x
7.
1 7 8.  4
2   x 3 4 
x  12 or x 
16; disjunction x 16 and x 
8; conjunction
9. 8  x   2 10.  5  2x   3
x 6 or x  10; disjunction x  1 and x  4; conjunction
Chapter 1 48 Glencoe Algebra 2

Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers