Exercise 4A: Level 1

New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 1: Calculus and Statistics Question Bank Volume 1
Exercise 4A
Level 1
4A_C0001
Differentiate y = 50 with respect to x.
(1 mark)
Solution:
dy d
= (50)
dx dx
=0 1A
(1)
4A_C0002
Differentiate y = x ln 3 with respect to x.
(1 mark)
Solution:
dy d
= ( x ln 3)
dx dx
d
= (ln 3) ( x)
dx
= ln 3 1A
(1)
 2019 Chung Tai Educational Press Limited. All rights reserved.  4.1 
Chapter 4 Differentiation
4A_C0003
Differentiate y = x 76 with respect to x.
(1 mark)
Solution:
dy d 76
= (x )
dx dx
= 76 x 76 −1
= 76 x 75 1A
(1)
4A_C0004
Differentiate each of the following functions with respect to x.
(a) y = −5 x10
1 −9
(b) y = x
3
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d
(a) = (−5 x10 )
dx dx
d
= −5 ( x10 )
dx
= −5(10 x9 )
= −50 x9 1A
(1)
dy d  1 −9 
(b) =  x 
dx dx  3 
1 d
= ⋅ ( x −9 )
3 dx
1
= (−9 x −10 )
3
= −3 x −10 1A
(1)
4A_C0005
Differentiate each of the following functions with respect to x.
3
−
(a) y = x 2
1
(b) y = −15 x 3
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d − 32
(a) = (x )
dx dx
3 −5
=− x 2 1A
2
(1)
1
dy d
(b) = (−15 x ) 3
dx dx
 1 −2 
= −15  x 3 
3 
2
−
= −5 x 3
1A
(1)
4A_C0006
Differentiate y = (2 x)2 with respect to x.
(1 mark)
Solution:
y = (2 x) 2
= 4 x2
dy d
= (4 x 2 )
dx dx
= 4(2 x)
= 8x 1A
(1)
4A_C0007
Differentiate y = 2 x 2 x with respect to x.
(1 mark)
Solution:
y = 2x2 x
5
= 2x 2
5
dy d
= (2 x 2 )
dx dx
 5 32 
= 2 x 
2 
3
= 5x 2 1A
(1)
4A_C0008
Differentiate y = 3 27 x with respect to x.
(1 mark)
Solution:
y = 3 27 x
1
= (27 x) 3
1
= 3x 3
1
dy d
= (3x 3 )
dx dx
 1 −2 
= 3 x 3 
3 
2
−
=x 3
1A
(1)
4A_C0009
Differentiate y = 2 x 5 − x 4 + 6 with respect to x.
(1 mark)
Solution:
dy d
= (2 x 5 − x 4 + 6)
dx dx
d d d
= (2 x 5 ) − ( x 4 ) + (6)
dx dx dx
= 2(5 x 4 ) − 4 x3
= 10 x 4 − 4 x3 1A
(1)
4A_C0010
Differentiate y = 4 x3 − x 2 + 6 x − 5 with respect to x.
(1 mark)
Solution:
dy d
= (4 x 3 − x 2 + 6 x − 5)
dx dx
d d d d
= (4 x 3 ) − ( x 2 ) + (6 x) − (5)
dx dx dx dx
= 4(3 x 2 ) − 2 x + 6
= 12 x 2 − 2 x + 6 1A
(1)
4A_C0011
Differentiate y = 10 x + 3 x −3 with respect to x.
(1 mark)
Solution:
dy d
= (10 x + 3x −3 )
dx dx
d d
= (10 x) + (3x −3 )
dx dx
= 10 + 3(−3x −4 )
= 10 − 9 x −4 1A
(1)
4A_C0012
5 −4
Differentiate y = x − 6 x −3 − 2 x −1 with respect to x.
8
(1 mark)
Solution:
dy d  5 −4 
=  x − 6 x −3 − 2 x −1 
dx dx  8 
d 5  d d
=  x −4  − (6 x −3 ) − (2 x −1 )
dx  8  dx dx
5
= (−4 x −5 ) − 6(−3 x −4 ) − 2(− x −2 )
8
5
= − x −5 + 18 x −4 + 2 x −2 1A
2
(1)
4A_C0013
3 1
− −
Differentiate y = 15 x 2
− 10 x 3
with respect to x.
(1 mark)
Solution:
3 1
dy d − −
= (15 x 2 − 10 x 3 )
dx dx
3 1
d − d −
= (15 x 2 ) − (10 x 3 )
dx dx
 3 −2 5
 1 − 43 
= 15  − x  − 10  − x 
 2   3 
45 − 52 10 − 43
=− x + x 1A
2 3
(1)
4A_C0014
4
1
Differentiate y = x 3 + x − with respect to x.
x2
(1 mark)
Solution:
4
1
y = x3 + x −
x2
4
= x 3 + x − x −2
dy d 43
= ( x + x − x −2 )
dx dx
d 43 d d
= ( x ) + ( x ) − ( x −2 )
dx dx dx
1
4
= x 3 + 1 − (−2 x −3 )
3
4 1
= x 3 + 1 + 2 x −3 1A
3
(1)
4A_C0015
dy
Let y = x 23 . Find .
dx x =1
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d 23
= (x )
dx dx
= 23 x 22 1A
dy
= 23(1)22
dx x =1
= 23 1A
(2)
4A_C0016
1 dy
Let y = 9
. Find .
60 x dx x =−1
(2 marks)
Solution:
1
y=
60 x 9
1 −9
= x
60
dy d  1 −9 
=  x 
dx dx  60 
1
= (−9 x −10 )
60
3
= − x −10 1A
20
dy 3
=− (−1) −10
dx x =−1 20
3
=− 1A
20
(2)
4A_C0017
dy
Let y = 6 x x 3 . Find .
dx x =4
(2 marks)
Solution:
y = 6 x x3
5
= 6x 2
5
dy d
= (6 x 2 )
dx dx
5 3
= 6 x2 
2 
3
= 15 x 2
1A
3
dy
= 15(4) 2
dx x =4
= 120 1A
(2)
4A_C0018
2
 3 13  dy
Let y =  x  . Find .
4  dx x = 27
(2 marks)
Solution:
2
 3 13 
y= x 
4 
9 23
= x
16
dy d  9 23 
=  x 
dx dx  16 
9  2 − 13 
=  x 
16  3 
3 − 13
= x 1A
8
1
dy 3 −
= (27) 3
dx x = 27 8
1
= 1A
8
(2)
4A_C0019
dy
Let y = − x 2 + 12 x . Find .
dx x=0
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d
= (− x 2 + 12 x)
dx dx
d d
= − ( x 2 ) + (12 x)
dx dx
= −2 x + 12 1A
dy
= −2(0) + 12
dx x =0
= 12 1A
(2)
4A_C0020
3 4 dy
Let y = x − 6 x 3 + x 2 − 5 . Find .
2 dx x=
3
2
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d  3 4 
=  x − 6 x3 + x 2 − 5 
dx dx  2 
d 3 4 d d 2 d
=  x  − (6 x ) + ( x ) − (5)
3
dx  2  dx dx dx
3
= (4 x3 ) − 6(3x 2 ) + 2 x
2
= 6 x 3 − 18 x 2 + 2 x 1A
3 2
dy 3 3 3
= 6   − 18   + 2  
dx x=
3 2 2 2
2
69
=− 1A
4
(2)
Level 2
4A_C0021
Differentiate y = x(3 x − 18 x3 ) with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
y = x (3 x − 18 x 3 )
= 3x 2 − 18 x 4 1M
dy d
= (3x 2 − 18 x 4 )
dx dx
d d
= (3x 2 ) − (18 x 4 )
dx dx
= 6 x − 72 x 3
1A
(2)
4A_C0022
Differentiate y = x 2 (4 x 7 + 7 x 4 ) with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
y = x 2 (4 x 7 + 7 x 4 )
= 4 x9 + 7 x 6 1M
dy d
= (4 x9 + 7 x 6 )
dx dx
d d
= (4 x9 ) + (7 x 6 )
dx dx
= 36 x + 42 x
8 5
1A
(2)
4A_C0023
 1 
Differentiate y = x 2  4 + x + 3  with respect to x.
 9x 
(2 marks)
Solution:
 1 
y = x2  4 + x + 3 
 9x 
1
= x −2 + x 3 + 3 x 2 1M
9
dy d  1 −2 
=  x + x3 + 3x 2 
dx dx  9 
d  1 −2  d 3 d
=  x  + ( x ) + (3 x )
2
dx  9  dx dx
2
= − x −3 + 3 x 2 + 6 x 1A
9
(2)
4A_C0024
12 x 4 + 6 x −1
Differentiate y = with respect to x.
x
(2 marks)
Solution:
12 x 4 + 6 x −1
y=
x
= 12 x + 6 x −2
3
1M
dy d
= (12 x 3 + 6 x −2 )
dx dx
d d
= (12 x 3 ) + (6 x −2 )
dx dx
−3
= 36 x − 12 x
2
1A
(2)
4A_C0025
4x2 − 5x + 7
x4
(2 marks)
Solution:
4x2 − 5x + 7
y=
x4
= 4 x −2 − 5 x −3 + 7 x −4 1M
dy d
= (4 x −2 − 5 x −3 + 7 x −4 )
dx dx
d d d
= (4 x −2 ) − (5 x −3 ) + (7 x −4 )
dx dx dx
−3 −4 −5
= −8 x + 15 x − 28 x 1A
(2)
4A_C0026
6
x − 2x + 6 5
Differentiate y = 3
with respect to x.
2
3x
(2 marks)
Solution:
6
x − 2x 5 + 6x
y= 3
3x 2
1 −1 2 − 103 −
1
= x − x + 2x 2 1M
3 3
dy d  1 −1 2 − 103 − 
1
=  x − x + 2x 2 
dx dx  3 3 
d  1 −1  d  2 − 103  d −
1
=  x  −  x  + (2 x 2
)
dx  3  dx  3  dx
13 3
1 −2 1 − 10 −
=− x + x −x 2 1A
3 5
(2)
4A_C0027
Differentiate y = ( x + 3)( x + 10) with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
y = ( x + 3)( x + 10)
= x 2 + 13x + 30 1M
dy d 2
= ( x + 13x + 30)
dx dx
d d d
= ( x 2 ) + (13 x) + (30)
dx dx dx
= 2 x + 13 1A
(2)
4A_C0028
Differentiate y = (4 x 2 + 5)(2 − 3 x 2 ) with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
y = (4 x 2 + 5)(2 − 3x 2 )
= −12 x 4 − 7 x 2 + 10 1M
dy d
= ( −12 x 4 − 7 x 2 + 10)
dx dx
d d d
= ( −12 x 4 ) − (7 x 2 ) + (10)
dx dx dx
= −48 x − 14 x
3
1A
(2)
4A_C0029
 1
Differentiate y = ( x − 1)( x + 1)  x +  with respect to x.
 x
(2 marks)
Solution:
 1
y = ( x − 1)( x + 1)  x + 
 x
 1
= ( x 2 − 1)  x + 
 x
−1
=x −x
3
1M
dy d 3
= ( x − x −1 )
dx dx
d d
= ( x 3 ) − ( x −1 )
dx dx
−2
= 3x + x
2
1A
(2)
4A_C0030
3
Differentiate y = x 2 (2 x − 7) 2 with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
3
y = x (2 x − 7) 2
2
3
= x (4 x 2 − 28 x + 49)
2
7 5 3
= 4 x − 28 x + 49 x
2 2 2
1M
7 5 3
dy d
= (4 x 2 − 28 x 2 + 49 x 2 )
dx dx
7 5 3
d d d
= (4 x ) − (28 x ) + (49 x 2 )
2 2
dx dx dx
5 3 1
147 2
= 14 x 2 − 70 x 2 + x 1A
2
(2)
4A_C0031
Differentiate y = ( x 2 − 3) 2 ( x + 1) − ( x 2 + 3) 2 ( x + 1) with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
y = ( x 2 − 3) 2 ( x + 1) − ( x 2 + 3) 2 ( x + 1)
= ( x + 1)[( x 2 − 3)2 − ( x 2 + 3) 2 ]
= ( x + 1)[( x 2 − 3) + ( x 2 + 3)][( x 2 − 3) − ( x 2 + 3)]
= ( x + 1)(2 x 2 )(−6)
= −12 x3 − 12 x 2 1M
dy d
= ( −12 x 3 − 12 x 2 )
dx dx
d d
= ( −12 x 3 ) − (12 x 2 )
dx dx
= −36 x − 24 x
2
1A
(2)
4A_C0032
Let f ( x) = −2 x3 ( x + 4) .
(a) Find the derivative of f ( x) .
1
(b) Find f '   .
2
(3 marks)
Solution:
(a) f ( x) = −2 x 3 ( x + 4)
= −2 x 4 − 8 x 3 1M
d
f '( x) = ( −2 x 4 − 8 x 3 )
dx
d d
= (−2 x 4 ) − (8 x 3 )
dx dx
= −8 x − 24 x
3 2
1A
(2)
3 2
1 1 1
(b) f '   = −8   − 24  
2 2 2
= −7 1A
(1)
4A_C0033
2 2
 5  5
Let y =  x −   x +  .
 2  2
dy
(a) Find .
dx
dy
(b) Find .
dx x =2
(3 marks)
Solution:
2 2
 5  5
(a) y =  x −   x + 
 2  2
2
 5  5 
=  x −   x +  
 2  2 
2
 25 
=  x2 − 
 4 
25 625
= x4 − x2 + 1M
2 16
dy d  4 25 2 625 
= x − x + 
dx dx  2 16 
d d  25  d  625 
= ( x4 ) −  x2  +  
dx dx  2  dx  16 
= 4 x3 − 25 x 1A
(2)
dy
(b) = 4(2)3 − 25(2)
dx x =2
= −18 1A
(1)
4A_C0034
dy
Let y = (3 x 2 − 2 x)(6 x + 1) . Find .
dx x =−3
(3 marks)
Solution:
y = (3x 2 − 2 x )(6 x + 1)
= 18 x3 + 3x 2 − 12 x 2 − 2 x
= 18 x3 − 9 x 2 − 2 x 1M
dy d
= (18 x3 − 9 x 2 − 2 x)
dx dx
d d d
= (18 x3 ) − (9 x 2 ) − (2 x)
dx dx dx
= 54 x − 18 x − 2
2
1A
dy
= 54(−3) 2 − 18(−3) − 2
dx x =−3
= 538 1A
(3)
4A_C0035
3
2  dy
Let y =  + 5  . Find .
x  dx x =−
3
5
(3 marks)
Solution:
3
2 
y =  + 5
x 
3 2
2 2 2
=   + C13   (5) + C23   (52 ) + 53
x x x
−3 −2 −1
= 8 x + 60 x + 150 x + 125 1M
dy d
= (8 x −3 + 60 x −2 + 150 x −1 + 125)
dx dx
d d d d
= (8 x −3 ) + (60 x −2 ) + (150 x −1 ) + (125)
dx dx dx dx
−4 −3 −2
= −24 x − 120 x − 150 x 1A
−4 −3 −2
dy  3  3  3
= −24  −  − 120  −  − 150  − 
dx x =−
3  5  5  5
5
1 250
=− 1A
27
(3)
4A_C0036
2 3 5 2
It is given that f ( x) = x + x − 13x . If f '(k ) = −10 , where k is a constant, find k.
3 2
(3 marks)
Solution:
d 2 3 5 2 
f '( x) =  x + x − 13x 
dx  3 2 
d 2 3 d 5 2 d
=  x  +  x  − (13 x)
dx  3  dx  2  dx
= 2 x 2 + 5 x − 13 1A
∵ f '(k ) = −10
∴ 2k 2 + 5k − 13 = −10 1M
2k + 5k − 3 = 0
2
(2k − 1)(k + 3) = 0
1
k= or −3 1A
2
(3)
4A_C0037
It is given that f ( x) = 2 x 4 + 27 x . If f '(k ) = 0 , where k is a constant, find k.
(3 marks)
Solution:
d
f '( x) = (2 x 4 + 27 x)
dx
d d
= (2 x 4 ) + (27 x )
dx dx
= 8 x + 27
3
1A
∵ f '(k ) = 0
∴ 8k 3 + 27 = 0 1M
27
k3 = −
8
3
k =− 1A
2
(3)
4A_C0038
It is given that f ( x) = 4 x 2 + kx − 3 , where k is a constant. If f '(1) = 5 , find k.
(3 marks)
Solution:
d
f '( x) = (4 x 2 + kx − 3)
dx
d d d
= (4 x 2 ) + ( kx ) − (3)
dx dx dx
= 8x + k 1A
∵ f '(1) = 5
∴ 8(1) + k = 5 1M
k = −3 1A
(3)
4A_C0039
9 x − kx 3
It is given that f ( x) = , where k is a constant. If f '(−1) = −12 , find k.
3
(3 marks)
Solution:
9 x − kx 3
f ( x) =
3
k
= 3x − x3
3
d  k 3
f '( x) =  3x − x 
dx  3 
d d k 
= (3 x) −  x3 
dx dx  3 
= 3 − kx 2 1A
∵ f '(−1) = −12
∴ 3 − k (−1) 2 = −12 1M
3 − k = −12
k = 15 1A
(3)
4A_C0040
It is given that y = x 3 + kx 2 + 12 x + 4 , where k is a constant. If y ' = 0 has a double root, find the
possible values of k.
(3 marks)
Solution:
d
y ' = ( x 3 + kx 2 + 12 x + 4)
dx
d d d d
= ( x 3 ) + (kx 2 ) + (12 x ) + (4)
dx dx dx dx
= 3 x + 2kx + 12
2
1A
∵ y ' = 0 has a double root.
∴ (2k ) 2 − 4(3)(12) = 0 1M
k 2 = 36
k = 6 or −6 1A
(3)
Level 3
4A_C0041
x6 4
It is given that f ( x) = and g ( x) = x 5 − 12 x 3 + 10 .
81 15
(a) If f ( a ) = f '( a ) , where a is a constant, find the possible values of a.
(b) If f (b) = g '(b), where b is a constant, find the possible values of b.
(6 marks)
Solution:
d  x6 
(a) f '( x) =  
dx  81 
2 x5
= 1A
27
∵ f (a ) = f '(a )
a 6 2a 5
∴ = 1M
81 27
a 6 = 6a 5
a 5 (a − 6) = 0
a = 0 or 6 1A
(3)
d  4 5 
(b) g '( x) =  x − 12 x + 10 
3
dx  15 
d  4 5 d d
=  x  − (12 x ) + (10)
3
dx  15  dx dx
4
= x 4 − 36 x 2 1A
3
∵ f (b) = g '(b)
b6 4 4
∴ = b − 36b 2 1M
81 3
b 6 = 108b 4 − 2 916b 2
b 2 (b 4 − 108b 2 + 2 916) = 0
b 2 (b 2 − 54) 2 = 0
b = 0 or b 2 = 54
b = 0 or b=3 6 or −3 6 1A
(3)
4A_C0042
 1  1
It is given that f ( x) = ax3 + bx 2 + c , where a, b and c are constants. If f  −  = 0 , f '  −  = −18 and
 2  2
f '(−2) = 0 , find a, b and c.
(5 marks)
Solution:
d
f '( x) = (ax 3 + bx 2 + c)
dx
d d d
= (ax 3 ) + (bx 2 ) + (c)
dx dx dx
= 3ax + 2bx
2
1A
 1
∵ f '  −  = −18
 2
2
 1  1
∴ 3a  −  + 2b  −  = −18 1M
 2  2
3
a − b = −18 .................... (1)
4
∵ f '(−2) = 0
∴ 3a (−2) 2 + 2b(−2) = 0
12a − 4b = 0
3a − b = 0 .............................. (2)
9
(2) − (1): a = 18
4
a =8 1A
Substitute a = 8 into (2),

3(8) − b = 0
b = 24 1A
 1
∵ f −  = 0
 2
3 2
 1  1
∴ 8  −  + 24  −  + c = 0
 2  2
c = −5 1A
(5)
4A_C0043
4 2
It is given that f ( x) = x 3 + 3 x 3 + 4 .
(a) Find f '( x) .
(b) Find 4 f ( x) − 3 xf '( x) .
(3 marks)
Solution:
d 43 2
(a) f '( x) = ( x + 3x 3 + 4)
dx
d 43 d 2
d
= ( x ) + (3x 3 ) + (4)
dx dx dx
1 1
4 −
= x3 + 2x 3 1A
3
(1)
4 2
4 1 − 
1
(b) 4 f ( x) − 3xf '( x) = 4( x 3 + 3x 3 + 4) − 3 x  x 3 + 2 x 3  1M
3 
4 2 4 2
= 4 x 3 + 12 x 3 + 16 − 4 x 3 − 6 x 3
2
= 6 x 3 + 16 1A
(2)
4A_C0044
It is given that y = (3 x + 2)3 .
(a) Find y '.
2
(b) Prove that y ' − 9 y 3 = 0 .
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) y = (3x + 2)
3
= (3x)3 + C13 (3x)2 (2) + C23 (3x)(22 ) + 23

= 27 x 3 + 54 x 2 + 36 x + 8 1M
d
y'= (27 x3 + 54 x 2 + 36 x + 8)
dx
d d d d
= (27 x3 ) + (54 x 2 ) + (36 x) + (8)
dx dx dx dx
= 81x + 108 x + 36
2
1A
(2)
2 2
(b) y ' − 9 y = 81x 2 + 108 x + 36 − 9[(3x + 2) ]
3 3 3
1M
= 81x 2 + 108 x + 36 − 9(3 x + 2) 2
= 81x 2 + 108 x + 36 − 81x 2 − 108 x − 36
=0 1
(2)
Exercise 4B
Level 1
4B_C0045
Differentiate y = (7 x − 12)(3 x + 5) with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d
= [(7 x − 12)(3 x + 5)]
dx dx
d d
= (7 x − 12) (3x + 5) + (3 x + 5) (7 x − 12) 1M
dx dx
= (7 x − 12)(3) + (3 x + 5)(7)
= 42 x − 1 1A
(2)
4B_C0046
1 
Differentiate y =  x 4 − 3  (4 x 2 − 1) with respect to x.
2 
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d  1 4  
=  x − 3  (4 x 2 − 1) 
dx dx  2  
1 d d 1 
=  x 4 − 3  (4 x 2 − 1) + (4 x 2 − 1)  x 4 − 3  1M
2  dx dx  2 
1 
=  x 4 − 3  (8 x) + (4 x 2 − 1)(2 x 3 )
2 
= 4 x − 24 x + 8 x 5 − 2 x 3
5
= 12 x 5 − 2 x3 − 24 x 1A
(2)
4B_C0047
Differentiate y = ( x − 2)( x3 − 3 + x −7 ) with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d
= [( x − 2)( x3 − 3 + x −7 )]
dx dx
d d
= ( x − 2) ( x3 − 3 + x −7 ) + ( x 3 − 3 + x −7 ) ( x − 2) 1M
dx dx
−8 −7
= ( x − 2)(3 x − 7 x ) + ( x − 3 + x )(1)
2 3
= 3 x 3 − 7 x −7 − 6 x 2 + 14 x −8 + x3 − 3 + x −7
= 4 x 3 − 6 x 2 − 3 − 6 x −7 + 14 x −8 1A
(2)
4B_C0048
Differentiate y = ( x − x −1 )( x + 2 − x −1 ) with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d
= [( x − x −1 )( x + 2 − x −1 )]
dx dx
d d
= ( x − x −1 ) ( x + 2 − x −1 ) + ( x + 2 − x −1 ) ( x − x −1 ) 1M
dx dx
−1 −2 −1 −2
= ( x − x )(1 + x ) + ( x + 2 − x )(1 + x )
= (1 + x −2 )( x − x −1 + x + 2 − x −1 )
= 2(1 + x −2 )( x − x −1 + 1) 1A
(2)
4B_C0049
12
x+3
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d  12 
=  
dx dx  x + 3 
d d
( x + 3) (12) − (12) ( x + 3)
= dx dx 1M
( x + 3) 2
( x + 3)(0) − (12)(1)
=
( x + 3) 2
12
=− 1A
( x + 3) 2
(2)
4B_C0050
1
6 x − x3
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d  1 
=  
dx dx  6 x − x 3 
d d
(6 x − x 3 ) (1) − (1) (6 x − x 3 )
= dx dx 1M
(6 x − x3 ) 2
(6 x − x 3 )(0) − (6 − 3x 2 )
=
(6 x − x3 ) 2
3x 2 − 6
= 1A
(6 x − x 3 ) 2
(2)
4B_C0051
x2
5x − 9
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d  x 2 
=  
dx dx  5 x − 9 
d d
(5 x − 9) ( x 2 ) − ( x 2 ) (5 x − 9)
= dx dx 1M
(5 x − 9) 2
(5 x − 9)(2 x) − ( x 2 )(5)
=
(5 x − 9) 2
5 x 2 − 18 x
= 1A
(5 x − 9) 2
(2)
4B_C0052
x
x+6
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d  x 
=  
dx dx  x + 6 
d d
( x + 6) ( x ) − ( x ) ( x + 6)
= dx dx 1M
( x + 6) 2
 1 −1 
( x + 6)  x 2  − ( x )(1)
= 2 
( x + 6) 2
1 1
1 −
− x 2 + 3x 2
= 2 1A
( x + 6) 2
(2)
4B_C0053
4x +1
3− x
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d  4 x + 1 
=  
dx dx  3 − x 
d d
(3 − x) (4 x + 1) − (4 x + 1) (3 − x)
= dx dx 1M
(3 − x) 2
(3 − x)(4) − (4 x + 1)(−1)
=
(3 − x) 2
13
= 1A
(3 − x)2
(2)
4B_C0054
x3 + 2
8x + 1
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d  x 3 + 2 
=  
dx dx  8 x + 1 
d d
(8 x + 1) ( x3 + 2) − ( x 3 + 2) (8 x + 1)
= dx dx 1M
(8 x + 1) 2
(8 x + 1)(3 x 2 ) − ( x3 + 2)(8)
=
(8 x + 1) 2
16 x 3 + 3 x 2 − 16
= 1A
(8 x + 1) 2
(2)
4B_C0055
3
x2 + 6
Differentiate y = 5
with respect to x.
x −2
2
(2 marks)
Solution:
 3 
dy d  x 2 + 6 
=
dx dx  52 

 x −2
5 3 3 5
( x 2 − 2) d ( x 2 + 6) − ( x 2 + 6) d ( x 2 − 2)
= dx dx
5 1M
( x − 2) 2
2
5 1 3 3
   
( x 2 − 2)  3 x 2  − ( x 2 + 6)  5 x 2 
= 2  2 
5
( x − 2) 2
2
3 1
− x − 15 x − 3x
3 2 2
= 5
( x − 2) 2
2
3 1
x 3 + 15 x 2 + 3x 2
=− 5 1A
( x 2 − 2) 2
(2)
4B_C0056
5x
x − 3x + 3
2
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d  5x 
=  2 
dx dx  x − 3x + 3 
d d
( x 2 − 3 x + 3) (5 x) − (5 x) ( x 2 − 3 x + 3)
= dx dx 1M
( x − 3x + 3)
2 2
( x 2 − 3 x + 3)(5) − (5 x )(2 x − 3)
=
( x 2 − 3x + 3) 2
−5 x 2 + 15
= 1A
( x 2 − 3 x + 3)2
(2)
Level 2
4B_C0057
Differentiate y = (3 x 2 + x)( x 2 + 2 x + 5) with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d
= [(3 x 2 + x)( x 2 + 2 x + 5)]
dx dx
d d
= (3x 2 + x) ( x 2 + 2 x + 5) + ( x 2 + 2 x + 5) (3x 2 + x) 1M
dx dx
= (3x + x)(2 x + 2) + ( x + 2 x + 5)(6 x + 1)
2 2
= 6 x3 + 8 x 2 + 2 x + 6 x 3 + 13x 2 + 32 x + 5
= 12 x3 + 21x 2 + 34 x + 5 1A
(2)
4B_C0058
Differentiate y = (5 x 2 + 6 x − 3)( x 2 − 2 x − 3) with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d
= [(5 x 2 + 6 x − 3)( x 2 − 2 x − 3)]
dx dx
d d
= (5 x 2 + 6 x − 3) ( x 2 − 2 x − 3) + ( x 2 − 2 x − 3) (5 x 2 + 6 x − 3) 1M
dx dx
= (5 x + 6 x − 3)(2 x − 2) + ( x − 2 x − 3)(10 x + 6)
2 2
= 10 x 3 + 2 x 2 − 18 x + 6 + 10 x 3 − 14 x 2 − 42 x − 18
= 20 x3 − 12 x 2 − 60 x − 12 1A
(2)
4B_C0059
Differentiate y = (5 x + 2 − x −1 )(2 x − 1) with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d
= [(5 x + 2 − x −1 )(2 x − 1)]
dx dx
d d
= (5 x + 2 − x −1 ) (2 x − 1) + (2 x − 1) (5 x + 2 − x −1 ) 1M
dx dx
1
−
= (5 x + 2 − x )( x ) + (2 x − 1)(5 + x −2 )
−1 2
1 1 3 1 3
− − −
= 5x + 2x
2 2
−x 2
+ 10 x + 2 x 2 2
− 5 − x −2
1 1 3
− −
= 15 x 2 − 5 + 2 x 2
+x 2
− x −2 1A
(2)
4B_C0060
4 5 1
Differentiate y = ( x − 3)(4 x 3 + 6 x 6 − 3x 2 ) with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
4 5 1
dy d
= [( x − 3)(4 x + 6 x − 3 x 2 )]
3 6
dx dx
4 5 1 4 5 1
d d
= ( x − 3) (4 x 3 + 6 x 6 − 3x 2 ) + (4 x 3 + 6 x 6 − 3x 2 ) ( x − 3) 1M
dx dx
 16 1
−
1
3 −  1 4 5 1
 1 −1 
= ( x − 3)  x 3 + 5 x 6 − x 2  + (4 x 3 + 6 x 6 − 3 x 2 )  x 2 
 3 2  2 
16 65 1
3 −
1
9 −1 5 1
3
= x − 11x 3 − − 15 x 6 + x 2 + 2 x 6 + 3 x 3 −
3 2 2 2
22 56 1
−
1
9 −1
= x − 8 x 3 − 3 − 15 x 6 + x 2 1A
3 2
(2)
4B_C0061
x+ x +2
x − 10
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d  x + x + 2 
=  
dx dx  x − 10 
d d
( x − 10) ( x + x + 2) − ( x + x + 2) ( x − 10)
= dx dx 1M
( x − 10)2
 1 −1 
( x − 10) 1 + x 2  − ( x + x + 2)(1)
=  2 
( x − 10) 2
1 1
1 2 −
x+ x − 10 − 5 x 2 − x − x − 2
= 2
( x − 10) 2
1 1 −
1
− x 2 − 12 − 5 x 2
= 2
( x − 10) 2
1 1
1 2 −
x + 12 + 5 x 2
=− 2 1A
( x − 10) 2
(2)
4B_C0062
x3 − x
x3 − x + 4
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d  x3 − x 
=  
dx dx  x3 − x + 4 
d d
( x3 − x + 4) ( x 3 − x) − ( x3 − x) ( x 3 − x + 4)
= dx dx 1M
( x 3 − x + 4) 2
( x3 − x + 4)(3 x 2 − 1) − ( x 3 − x)(3x 2 − 1)
=
( x3 − x + 4) 2
(3x 2 − 1)( x 3 − x + 4 − x 3 + x)
=
( x 3 − x + 4)2
4(3 x 2 − 1)
= 1A
( x3 − x + 4)2
(2)
4B_C0063
3x 2 + 4 x − 2
2 x3 − 3x + 1
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d  3 x 2 + 4 x − 2 
=  
dx dx  2 x 3 − 3 x + 1 
d d
(2 x3 − 3x + 1) (3x 2 + 4 x − 2) − (3x 2 + 4 x − 2) (2 x 3 − 3x + 1)
= dx dx 1M
(2 x 3 − 3x + 1) 2
(2 x3 − 3x + 1)(6 x + 4) − (3x 2 + 4 x − 2)(6 x 2 − 3)
=
(2 x 3 − 3 x + 1) 2
12 x 4 + 8 x 3 − 18 x 2 − 6 x + 4 − (18 x 4 + 24 x 3 − 21x 2 − 12 x + 6)
=
(2 x 3 − 3 x + 1) 2
− 6 x 4 − 16 x 3 + 3 x 2 + 6 x − 2
= 1A
(2 x 3 − 3 x + 1) 2
(2)
4B_C0064
Differentiate y = ( x x + 5 x + 1) 2 with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
y = ( x x + 5 x + 1) 2
3 3
= ( x 2 + 5 x + 1)( x 2 + 5 x + 1)
3 3
dy d
= [( x 2 + 5 x + 1)( x 2 + 5 x + 1)]
dx dx
3
d 3 3
d 3
= ( x 2 + 5 x + 1) ( x 2 + 5 x + 1) + ( x 2 + 5 x + 1) ( x 2 + 5 x + 1) 1M
dx dx
3 3
d
= 2( x 2 + 5 x + 1) ( x 2 + 5 x + 1)
dx
3
 3 12 
= 2( x + 5 x + 1)  x + 5 
2
2 
3 1
= ( x + 5 x + 1)(3 x + 10)
2 2
1A
(2)
4B_C0065
Differentiate y = x(2 x − 3)(1 − 3 x) with respect to x.
(3 marks)
Solution:
y = x(2 x − 3)(1 − 3 x)
= (2 x 2 − 3x)(1 − 3x) 1M
dy d
= [(2 x 2 − 3x )(1 − 3 x)]
dx dx
d d
= (2 x 2 − 3x) (1 − 3x ) + (1 − 3x) (2 x 2 − 3 x) 1M
dx dx
= (2 x − 3x)(−3) + (1 − 3x)(4 x − 3)
2
= −6 x 2 + 9 x − 12 x 2 + 13x − 3
= −18 x 2 + 22 x − 3 1A
(3)
4B_C0066
Differentiate y = (2 x + 1)(2 x − 1)(5 − x) with respect to x.
(3 marks)
Solution:
y = (2 x + 1)(2 x − 1)(5 − x)
= (4 x 2 − 1)(5 − x) 1M
dy d
= [(4 x 2 − 1)(5 − x)]
dx dx
d d
= (4 x 2 − 1) (5 − x) + (5 − x) (4 x 2 − 1) 1M
dx dx
= (4 x − 1)(−1) + (5 − x)(8 x)
2
= −12 x 2 + 40 x + 1 1A
(3)
4B_C0067
Differentiate y = 2 x 2 ( x − 4)( x3 − 2 x 2 + 1) with respect to x.
(3 marks)
Solution:
y = 2 x 2 ( x − 4)( x 3 − 2 x 2 + 1)
= (2 x 3 − 8 x 2 )( x3 − 2 x 2 + 1) 1M
dy d
= [(2 x 3 − 8 x 2 )( x 3 − 2 x 2 + 1)]
dx dx
d d
= (2 x3 − 8 x 2 ) ( x 3 − 2 x 2 + 1) + ( x 3 − 2 x 2 + 1) (2 x 3 − 8 x 2 ) 1M
dx dx
= (2 x − 8 x )(3x − 4 x) + ( x − 2 x + 1)(6 x − 16 x)
3 2 2 3 2 2
= 6 x5 − 32 x 4 + 32 x3 + 6 x 5 − 28 x 4 + 32 x 3 + 6 x 2 − 16 x
= 12 x 5 − 60 x 4 + 64 x 3 + 6 x 2 − 16 x 1A
(3)
4B_C0068
x ( x − 5)
x2 − 3
(3 marks)
Solution:
x ( x − 5)
y=
x2 − 3
1
x − 5x 2
= 2 1M
x −3
 1

dy d  x − 5 x 2 
=  
dx dx  x 2 − 3 
1 1
d d
( x 2 − 3) ( x − 5 x 2 ) − ( x − 5 x 2 ) ( x 2 − 3)
= dx dx 1M
( x 2 − 3) 2
 5 −1  1
( x 2 − 3) 1 − x 2  − ( x − 5 x 2 )(2 x)
=  2 
( x 2 − 3) 2
3 1 3
5 15 −
x 2 − x 2 − 3 + x 2 − 2 x 2 + 10 x 2
= 2 2
( x 2 − 3) 2
3 1
15 2 15 −
− x2 + x −3+ x 2
= 2 2 1A
( x − 3)
2 2
(3)
4B_C0069
4 x 2 + 3x − 1
Differentiate y = 4 2
with respect to x.
12 x ( x + 1)
3 3
(3 marks)
Solution:
4 x 2 + 3x − 1
y= 4 2
12 x ( x + 1)
3 3
4 x 2 + 3x − 1
= 4
1M
12 x 2 + 12 x 3
dy d  4 x 2 + 3x − 1 
=  4 
dx dx  
 12 x + 12 x 3 
2
4 4
d d
(12 x 2 + 12 x 3 ) (4 x 2 + 3 x − 1) − (4 x 2 + 3x − 1) (12 x 2 + 12 x 3 )
= dx dx 1M
4
(12 x + 12 x )
2 3 2
4 1
(12 x 2 + 12 x 3 )(8 x + 3) − (4 x 2 + 3 x − 1)(24 x + 16 x 3 )
= 4 2
[12 x 3 ( x 3 + 1)]2
7 4 7 4 1
96 x 3 + 96 x 3 + 36 x 2 + 36 x 3 − 96 x 3 − 64 x 3 − 72 x 2 − 48 x 3 + 24 x + 16 x 3
= 8 2
144 x 3 ( x 3 + 1) 2
7 4 1
32 x 3 − 36 x 2 − 12 x 3 + 24 x + 16 x 3
= 8 2
144 x ( x + 1) 2 3 3
1 2 4 5 7
− − − − −
8x 3
− 9x 3
− 3x 3
+ 6x 3
+ 4x 3
= 2
1A
36( x + 1) 3 2
(3)
4B_C0070
(3 x + 3)( x + 4)
( x + 1)( x − 2)
(3 marks)
Solution:
(3 x + 3)( x + 4)
y=
( x + 1)( x − 2)
1
3x + 15 x 2 + 12
= 1M
x2 − x − 2
 1

dy d  3 x + 15 x 2 + 12 
=  
dx dx  x 2 − x − 2 
1 1
d d
( x 2 − x − 2) (3 x + 15 x 2 + 12) − (3x + 15 x 2 + 12) ( x 2 − x − 2)
= dx dx 1M
( x 2 − x − 2) 2
 15 − 1  1
( x 2 − x − 2)  3 + x 2  − (3x + 15 x 2 + 12)(2 x − 1)
=  2 
( x 2 − x − 2) 2
3 1 1 3 1
15 15 −
3 x + x 2 − 3 x − x 2 − 6 − 15 x 2 − 6 x 2 − 30 x 2 − 21x + 15 x 2 + 12
2
= 2 2
( x 2 − x − 2) 2
3 1 1
45 2 15 −
−3 x 2 − x − 24 x + x 2 + 6 − 15 x 2
= 2 2
1A
( x 2 − x − 2) 2
(3)
4B_C0071
3
Let f ( x) = 4 x ( x + 3)( x 2 − 2) .
2
(a) Find f '( x ) .

1
(b) Find f '   .
4
(4 marks)
Solution:
3
(a) f ( x) = 4 x 2 ( x + 3)( x 2 − 2)
5 3
= (4 x 2 + 12 x 2 )( x 2 − 2) 1M
5 3
d
f '( x) = [(4 x + 12 x 2 )( x 2 − 2)]
2
dx
5 3 5 3
d d
= (4 x 2 + 12 x 2 ) ( x 2 − 2) + ( x 2 − 2) (4 x 2 + 12 x 2 ) 1M
dx dx
5 3 3 1
= (4 x 2 + 12 x 2 )(2 x) + ( x 2 − 2)(10 x 2 + 18 x 2 )
7 5 7 5 3 1
= 8 x + 24 x + 10 x + 18 x − 20 x − 36 x
2 2 2 2 2 2
7 5 3 1
= 18 x + 42 x − 20 x − 36 x
2 2 2 2
1A
(3)
7 5 3 1
1  1 2  1 2  1 2  1 2
(b) f '   = 18   + 42   − 20   − 36  
4 4 4 4 4
1 219
=− 1A
64
(1)
4B_C0072
90 − 4 x
Let f ( x) = . Find f '(4) .
3 x − 8 x − 12
2
(3 marks)
Solution:
d  90 − 4 x 
f '( x) =  2 
dx  3x − 8 x − 12 
d d
(3 x 2 − 8 x − 12) (90 − 4 x) − (90 − 4 x) (3x 2 − 8 x − 12)
= dx dx 1M
(3x 2 − 8 x − 12) 2
(3 x 2 − 8 x − 12)(−4) − (90 − 4 x)(6 x − 8)
=
(3x 2 − 8 x − 12) 2
−12 x 2 + 32 x + 48 + 24 x 2 − 572 x + 720
=
(3x 2 − 8 x − 12) 2
12 x 2 − 540 x + 768
= 1A
(3 x 2 − 8 x − 12) 2
12(4) 2 − 540(4) + 768

f '(4) =
[3(4) 2 − 8(4) − 12]2
−1 200
=
16
= −75 1A
(3)
4B_C0073
(a) Differentiate y = ( x 3 + 2) 2 with respect to x.
dy
(b) Hence find the possible values of k if = 6k 2 .
dx x =k
(4 marks)
Solution:
dy d
(a) = [( x 3 + 2) 2 ]
dx dx
d
= [( x 3 + 2)( x3 + 2)]
dx
d d
= ( x3 + 2) ( x 3 + 2) + ( x3 + 2) ( x3 + 2) 1M
dx dx
d
= 2( x 3 + 2) ( x3 + 2)
dx
= 2( x + 2)(3x 2 )
3
= 6 x 2 ( x3 + 2) 1A
(2)
dy
(b) ∵ = 6k 2
dx x=k
∴ 6k 2 (k 3 + 2) = 6k 2 1M
6k (k + 2 − 1) = 0
2 3
6k 2 (k 3 + 1) = 0
k = 0 or k 3 = −1
k = 0 or k = −1 1A
(2)
4B_C0074
2x −1
Let f ( x) = . If 4 f '(a) = f '(4a) , where a is a constant, find the possible values of a.
2x +1
(4 marks)
Solution:
d  2x −1 
f '( x) =  
dx  2 x + 1 
d d
(2 x + 1) (2 x − 1) − (2 x − 1) (2 x + 1)
= dx dx 1M
(2 x + 1) 2
(2 x + 1)(2) − (2 x − 1)(2)
=
(2 x + 1) 2
4
= 1A
(2 x + 1)2
∵ 4 f '(a ) = f '(4a )
∴  4  4
4 2
= 1M
 (2a + 1)  [2(4a ) + 1]
2
4(8a + 1)2 = (2a + 1) 2

2(8a + 1) = 2a + 1 or 2(8a + 1) = −(2a + 1)
14a = −1 or 18a = −3
1 1
a=− or a=− 1A
14 6
(4)
4B_C0075
5x − k
Let f ( x) = , where k is a constant. If f '(0) = 4, find k.
x2 + x − 1
(4 marks)
Solution:
5x − k
f '( x) =
x2 + x − 1
d d
( x 2 + x − 1) (5 x − k ) − (5 x − k ) ( x 2 + x − 1)
= dx dx 1M
( x + x − 1)
2 2
( x 2 + x − 1)(5) − (5 x − k )(2 x + 1)
=
( x 2 + x − 1) 2
−5 x 2 + 2kx + k − 5
f '( x) = 1A
( x 2 + x − 1) 2
∵ f '(0) = 4
−5(0) 2 + 2k (0) + k − 5
∴ =4 1M
(0 2 + 0 − 1) 2
k −5 = 4
k =9 1A
(4)
4B_C0076
Let g ( x) = (k − x)(1 + x 2 )(1 − x3 ) , where k is a constant. If g '( −1) = −24 , find k.
(5 marks)
Solution:
d
g '( x) = [(k − x)(1 + x 2 )(1 − x 3 )]
dx
d d
= ( k − x) [(1 + x 2 )(1 − x 3 )] + [(1 + x 2 )(1 − x 3 )] (k − x) 1M
dx dx
 d d 
= (k − x) (1 + x 2 ) (1 − x 3 ) + (1 − x 3 ) (1 + x 2 )  + (1 + x 2 )(1 − x3 )(−1) 1M
 dx dx 
= (k − x)[(1 + x )(−3 x ) + (1 − x )(2 x)] − (1 + x )(1 − x 3 )
2 2 3 2
= (k − x)(−5 x 4 − 3 x 2 + 2 x) − (1 + x 2 )(1 − x3 ) 1A
∵ g '(−1) = −24
∴ [k − (−1)][−5(−1)4 − 3(−1)2 + 2(−1)] − [1 + (−1) 2 ][1 − (−1)3 ] = −24 1M
(k + 1)(−10) − 4 = −24
k +1 = 2
k =1 1A
(5)
4B_C0077
2
 1  1  dy 255
Let y =  x −   x 2 + 2 + k  , where k is a constant. If = , find k.
 x  x  dx x =−
1 2
2
(5 marks)
Solution:
2
 1  1 
y =  x −   x2 + 2 + k 
 x  x 
−2 −2
= ( x + x − 2)( x + x + k )
2 2
1M
dy d d
= ( x 2 + x −2 − 2) ( x 2 + x −2 + k ) + ( x 2 + x −2 + k ) ( x 2 + x −2 − 2) 1M
dx dx dx
= ( x + x − 2)(2 x − 2 x ) + ( x + x + k )(2 x − 2 x −3 )
2 −2 −3 2 −2
= (2 x − 2 x −3 )( x 2 + x −2 − 2 + x 2 + x −2 + k )
= 2( x − x −3 )(2 x 2 + 2 x −2 + k − 2) 1A
dy 255
∵ =
dx x =−
1 2
2
  1   1  −3    1  2  1
−2
 255
∴ 2  −  −  −    2  −  + 2  −  + k − 2  = 1M
 2   2     2   2  2
 15   13  255
2  k +  =
 2  2 2
13 17
k+ =
2 2
k =2 1A
(5)
4B_C0078
(2 + x)( x − 5) 394
Let f ( x) = , where k is a constant. If f '(−1) = , find k.
(2 x − k )( x + 8) 49
(5 marks)
Solution:
(2 + x)( x − 5)
f ( x) =
(2 x − k )( x + 8)
x 2 − 3 x − 10
= 1M
2 x 2 + (16 − k ) x − 8k
d 2 d
[2 x 2 + (16 − k ) x − 8k ] ( x − 3 x − 10) − ( x 2 − 3x − 10) [2 x 2 + (16 − k ) x − 8k ]
f '( x) = dx dx 1M
[2 x 2 + (16 − k ) x − 8k ]2
[2 x 2 + (16 − k ) x − 8k ](2 x − 3) − ( x 2 − 3 x − 10)[4 x + (16 − k )]
=
[2 x 2 + (16 − k ) x − 8k ]2
(22 − k ) x 2 − (16k − 40) x + 14k + 160
= 1A
[2 x 2 + (16 − k ) x − 8k ]2
394
∵ f ' (−1) =
49
(22 − k )(−1)2 − (16k − 40)(−1) + 14k + 160 394
∴ = 1M
[2(−1) 2 + (16 − k )(−1) − 8k ]2 49
29k + 142 394
=
(−7 k − 14) 2 49
29k + 142 = 394(k + 2) 2
394k 2 + 1 547 k + 1 434 = 0
−1 547 ± 1 547 2 − 4(394)(1 434)
k=
2(394)
3 478
=− or − 1A
2 197
(5)
Level 3
4B_C0079
dy dy 5
Let y = (3x 2 + p)( x 2 − qx + 3), where p and q are integers. If = −4 and = , find p
dx x =0 dx x=
1 36
6
and q.
(5 marks)
Solution:
dy d d
= (3x 2 + p) ( x 2 − qx + 3) + ( x 2 − qx + 3) (3x 2 + p) 1M
dx dx dx
= (3x + p)(2 x − q) + ( x − qx + 3)(6 x)
2 2
= 12 x3 − 9qx 2 + (2 p + 18) x − pq 1A
dy
∵ = −4
dx x =0
∴ 12(0)3 − 9q (0) 2 + (2 p + 18)(0) − pq = −4 1M

pq = 4 ................................... (1)
dy 5
∵ =
dx x=
1 36
6
3 2
1 1 1 5
∴ 12   − 9q   + (2 p + 18)   − pq =
6 6 6 36
1 q p+9 5
− + − pq = ......................... (2)
18 4 3 36
1 q p + 9 149
(1) + (2): − + =
18 4 3 36
2 − 9q + 12( p + 9) = 149
12 p − 9q = 39
4 p − 3q = 13 ..................................................... (3)
4
From (1), p = ............................................................................. (4)
q
Substitute (4) into (3),

4
4   − 3q = 13
q
16 − 3q 2 = 13q
3q 2 + 13q − 16 = 0
(q − 1)(3q + 16) = 0
16
q = 1 or − (rejected) 1A
3
Substitute q = 1 into (4),
4
p=
1
=4 1A
(5)
4B_C0080
x3 dy
Let y = 2 . Prove that x 4 = ( x 2 + 36) y 2 .
x + 12 dx
(3 marks)
Proof:
dy d  x 3 
=  
dx dx  x 2 + 12 
d d
( x 2 + 12) ( x 3 ) − ( x 3 ) ( x 2 + 12)
= dx dx 1M
( x 2 + 12) 2
( x 2 + 12)(3 x 2 ) − ( x 3 )(2 x)
=
( x 2 + 12)2
x 4 + 36 x 2
= 2 1A
( x + 12) 2
dy  x 4 + 36 x 2 
x4 = x4  2 2
dx  ( x + 12) 
x 6 ( x 2 + 36)
=
( x 2 + 12)2
2
 x3 
( x + 36) y = ( x + 36)  2
2 2 2

 x + 12 
x 6 ( x 2 + 36)
= 2
( x + 12) 2
dy
∴ x4 = ( x 2 + 36) y 2 1
dx
(3)
4B_C0081
x−6 dy
Let y = . Prove that ( x 2 + 3) + 2 xy − 1 = 0 .
x +3
2
dx
(3 marks)
Proof:
dy d  x − 6 
=  
dx dx  x 2 + 3 
d d
( x 2 + 3) ( x − 6) − ( x − 6) ( x 2 + 3)
= dx dx 1M
( x + 3)
2 2
( x 2 + 3)(1) − ( x − 6)(2 x)
=
( x 2 + 3) 2
− x 2 + 12 x + 3
= 1A
( x 2 + 3) 2
dy − x 2 + 12 x + 3 x−6
∴ ( x 2 + 3) + 2 xy − 1 = ( x 2 + 3) ⋅ + 2x ⋅ 2 −1
dx ( x + 3)
2 2
x +3
− x 2 + 12 x + 3 2 x 2 − 12 x
= + −1
x2 + 3 x2 + 3
x2 + 3
= 2 −1
x +3
=0 1
(3)
4B_C0082
f ( x)
It is given that f ( x) and g ( x) are differentiable functions, and h( x) = . According to the
(2 x + 3) g ( x)
2
following table, find h' ( 2) .
f (2) f '(2) g (2) g '(2)

25 32 1 5
(4 marks)
Solution:
d  f ( x) 
h '( x) =
dx  (2 x + 3) g ( x) 
 2
d d
[(2 x 2 + 3) g ( x)] [ f ( x)] − [ f ( x)] [(2 x 2 + 3) g ( x)]
= dx dx 1M
[(2 x + 3) g ( x )]
2 2
d d
(2 x 2 + 3) f '( x) g ( x) − f ( x){(2 x 2 + 3) [ g ( x)] + [ g ( x)] (2 x 2 + 3)}
= dx dx 1M
(2 x + 3) [ g ( x)]
2 2 2
(2 x 2 + 3) f '( x) g ( x) − (2 x 2 + 3) f ( x) g '( x) − 4 xf ( x) g ( x)
=
(2 x 2 + 3) 2 [ g ( x)]2
(2 x 2 + 3)[ f '( x) g ( x) − f ( x) g '( x)] − 4 xf ( x) g ( x)

= 1A
(2 x 2 + 3) 2 [ g ( x)]2
[2(2) 2 + 3][ f '(2) g (2) − f (2) g '(2)] − 4(2) f (2) g (2)

h '(2) =
[2(2) 2 + 3]2 [ g (2)]2
11(32 ×1 − 25 × 5) − 8 × 25 ×1
=
121(1)2
1 223
=− 1A
121
(4)
Exercise 4C
Level 1
4C_C0083
dy
If y = u 8 and u = x5 + 9 x 3 + 20 , find by using the chain rule.
dx
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d 8
∵ = (u ) = 8u 7
du du
du d 5
= ( x + 9 x 3 + 20) = 5 x 4 + 27 x 2
dx dx
dy dy du
∴ = ⋅
dx du dx
= 8u 7 ⋅ (5 x 4 + 27 x 2 ) 1M
= 8(5 x 4 + 27 x 2 )( x 5 + 9 x 3 + 20)7 1A
(2)
4C_C0084
1
dy
If y = u 3 and u = 4 x 2 + 1, find by using the chain rule.
dx
(2 marks)
Solution:
1 2
dy d 3 1 −
∵ = (u ) = u 3
du du 3
du d
= (4 x 2 + 1) = 8 x
dx dx
dy dy du
∴ = ⋅
dx du dx
1 −2
= u 3 ⋅ (8 x) 1M
3
8x
= 2
1A
3(4 x + 1) 3
2
(2)
4C_C0085
dy
If y = 3u 4 + 4u 2 and u = x − 5 , find by using the chain rule.
dx
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d
∵ = (3u 4 + 4u 2 ) = 12u 3 + 8u
du du
du d
= ( x − 5) = 1
dx dx
dy dy du
∴ = ⋅
dx du dx
= (12u 3 + 8u ) ⋅ (1) 1M
= 12( x − 5) + 8( x − 5)
3
= 4( x − 5)[3( x − 5) 2 + 2]
= 4( x − 5)(3 x 2 − 30 x + 77) 1A
(2)
4C_C0086
dy
If y = (2u − 3)(5 − 3u ) and u = x 2 + 1 , find by using the chain rule.
dx
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d
∵ = [(2u − 3)(5 − 3u )]
du du
= (2u − 3)(−3) + (5 − 3u )(2)
= −12u + 19
du d 2
= ( x + 1) = 2 x
dx dx
dy dy du
∴ = ⋅
dx du dx
= ( −12u + 19) ⋅ (2 x ) 1M
= 2 x[−12( x 2 + 1) + 19]
= 2 x(7 − 12 x 2 ) 1A
(2)
4C_C0087
u +1 dy
If y = and u = x x , find by using the chain rule.
u +2
2
dx
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy d  u + 1 
∵ =  
du du  u 2 + 2 
(u 2 + 2)(1) − (u + 1)(2u )
=
(u 2 + 2) 2
−u 2 − 2u + 2
=
(u 2 + 2) 2
du d
= (x x )
dx dx
d 3
= (x2 )
dx
3 1
= x2
2
dy dy du
∴ = ⋅
dx du dx
−u 2 − 2u + 2  3 12 
= ⋅ x  1M
(u 2 + 2) 2  2 
1 3 3
3 x [−( x ) − 2 x + 2]
2 2 2 2
= 3
2[( x 2 ) 2 + 2]2
7 1
−3 x − 6 x + 6 x
2 2 2
= 1A
2( x 3 + 2) 2
(2)
4C_C0088
Differentiate y = ( x 2 + 5)10 with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = x 2 + 5, then y = u10.
dy dy du
= ⋅
dx du dx
d 10 d 2
= (u ) ⋅ ( x + 5)
du dx
= 10u ⋅ (2 x)
9
1M
= 20 x( x 2 + 5)9 1A
(2)
4C_C0089
Differentiate y = (7 x 3 + 2 x − 2)4 with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = 7 x 3 + 2 x − 2 , then y = u 4 .
dy dy du
= ⋅
dx du dx
d 4 d
= (u ) ⋅ (7 x 3 + 2 x − 2)
du dx
= 4u ⋅ (21x 2 + 2)
3
1M
= 4(21x 2 + 2)(7 x3 + 2 x − 2)3 1A
(2)
4C_C0090
Differentiate y = ( x −3 − x −1 + 5)9 with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = x −3 − x −1 + 5, then y = u 9 .
dy dy du
= ⋅
dx du dx
d 9 d −3
= (u ) ⋅ ( x − x −1 + 5)
du dx
= 9u ⋅ ( −3x −4 + x −2 )
8
1M
−4 −2 −3 −1
= 9(−3x + x )( x − x + 5) 8
1A
(2)
4C_C0091
Differentiate y = ( x − 8) −3 with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = x − 8 , then y = u −3.
dy dy du
= ⋅
dx du dx
−4  1
− 
1
= −3u ⋅  x 2  1M
2 
3
=− 1A
2 x ( x − 8) 4
(2)
4C_C0092
(4 x x + 1)5
12
(2 marks)
Solution:
(4 x x + 1)5
y=
12
3
1
= (4 x 2 + 1)5
12
3
1 5
Let u = 4 x 2 + 1, then y = u.
12
dy dy du
= ⋅
dx du dx
1
5 4
= u ⋅ (6 x 2 ) 1M
12
5
= x (4 x x + 1) 4 1A
2
(2)
4C_C0093
1
(2 x − x11 + 9 x )5
30
(2 marks)
Solution:
Let u = 2 x 30 − x11 + 9 x , then y = u −5.
dy dy du
= ⋅
dx du dx
= −5u −6 ⋅ (60 x 29 − 11x10 + 9) 1M
5(60 x − 11x + 9)
29 10
=− 1A
(2 x 30 − x11 + 9 x )6
(2)
4C_C0094
2
3( x − x 2 − 4)6
3
(2 marks)
Solution:
2
Let u = x 3 − x 2 − 4, then y = u −6.
3
dy dy du
= ⋅
dx du dx
= −4u −7 ⋅ (3x 2 − 2 x) 1M
4 x (3 x − 2)
=− 3 1A
( x − x 2 − 4)7
(2)
4C_C0095
4
Differentiate y = x 2 + with respect to x.
x
(2 marks)
Solution:
1
4
Let u = x + , then y = u 2 .
2
x
dy dy du
= ⋅
dx du dx
1 −1
= u 2 ⋅ (2 x − 4 x −2 ) 1M
2
2
x− 2
= x 1A
1
 2 4 2
x + 
 x
(2)
4C_C0096
4
Differentiate y = ( x + x ) with respect to x.
18 3 7
(2 marks)
Solution:
4
Let u = x + x , then y = u .
18 3 7
dy dy du
= ⋅
dx du dx
4 − 73
= u ⋅ (18 x17 + 3 x 2 ) 1M
7
4[3x 2 (6 x15 + 1)]
= 3
7( x18 + x 3 ) 7
5
12 x 7 (6 x15 + 1)
= 3
1A
7( x + 1)
15 7
(2)
4C_C0097
3 3
−
Differentiate y = ( x 2 + 2 x − 3) 2
with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
3 3
−
Let u = x + 2 x − 3, then y = u .
2 2
dy dy du
= ⋅
dx du dx
3 − 52  3 12 
= − u ⋅ x + 2 1M
2 2 
1
3(3x 2 + 4)
=− 3 5
1A
4( x + 2 x − 3)
2 2
(2)
4C_C0098
1
 1 3
Differentiate y =  3  with respect to x.
 x − 3x + 2 
(2 marks)
Solution:
1
 1 3
y = 3 
 x − 3x + 2 
1
−
= ( x3 − 3 x + 2) 3
1
−
Let u = x − 3x + 2 , then y = u .
3 3
dy dy du
= ⋅
dx du dx
1 − 43
= − u ⋅ (3 x 2 − 3) 1M
3
x2 − 1
=− 4
1A
( x3 − 3 x + 2) 3
(2)
4C_C0099
32
5
 2 1 
4
 3x − 2 + 3 
 x 
(2 marks)
Solution:
32
y=
5
 2 1 
4
 3x − 2 + 3 
 x 
5
−
= 32(3 x 2 − x −2 + 3) 4
5
−
Let u = 3x 2 − x −2 + 3, then y = 32u 4 .
dy dy du
= ⋅
dx du dx
9
−
= −40u ⋅ (6 x + 2 x −3 )
4 1M
 1
80  3 x + 3 
=−  x  1A
9

4 3x 2 −
1 
 + 3
 x 2

(2)
Level 2
4C_C0100
x +1
( x + 1)3
(3 marks)
Solution:
x +1
y=
( x + 1)3
5
−
= ( x + 1) 2 1M
5
dy d − d
= ( x + 1) 2 ⋅ ( x + 1) 1M
dx d ( x + 1) dx
7
5 −
= − ( x + 1) 2 ⋅ (1)
2
7
5 −
= − ( x + 1) 2 1A
2
(3)
4C_C0101
Differentiate y = (4 x 2 + 2 x − 5) 4 x 2 + 2 x − 5 with respect to x.
(3 marks)
Solution:
y = (4 x 2 + 2 x − 5) 4 x 2 + 2 x − 5
3
= (4 x 2 + 2 x − 5) 2 1M
3
dy d d
= (4 x + 2 x − 5) 2 ⋅ (4 x 2 + 2 x − 5)
2
1M
dx d (4 x + 2 x − 5)
2
dx
1
3
= (4 x 2 + 2 x − 5) 2 ⋅ (8 x + 2)
2
1
= 3(4 x + 1)(4 x 2 + 2 x − 5) 2 1A
(3)
4C_C0102
Differentiate y = (1 − 2 x 2 )5 − 10(1 − 2 x 2 )3 with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy
= 5(1 − 2 x 2 ) 4 (−4 x) − 10[3(1 − 2 x 2 ) 2 (−4 x)] 1M
dx
= 20 x(1 − 2 x 2 ) 2 [−(1 − 2 x 2 ) 2 + 6]
= 20 x(1 − 2 x 2 )2 (−4 x 4 + 4 x 2 + 5) 1A
(3)
4C_C0103
4
Differentiate y = x (4 − x)7 with respect to x.
3
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy 4
4 1
= x 3 [7(4 − x)6 (−1)] + (4 − x )7  x 3  1M
dx 3 
1 13
= x (4 − x) 6 [−21x + 4(4 − x )]
3
1 1
= x 3 (−25 x + 16)(4 − x)6 1A
3
(2)
4C_C0104
Differentiate y = 4 x8 3 + x 2 with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy 1 −
1
 1
= 4 x8  (3 + x 2 ) 2 (2 x)  + (3 + x 2 ) 2 (32 x 7 ) 1M
dx 2 
1 1
−
= 4 x (3 + x )
9 2 2
+ 32 x (3 + x )
7 2 2
1
−
= 4 x 7 (3 + x ) [ x 2 + 8(3 + x 2 )]
2 2
1
−
= 4 x (9 x + 24)(3 + x )
7 2 2 2
1
−
= 12 x 7 (3 x 2 + 8)(3 + x 2 ) 2
1A
(2)
4C_C0105
Differentiate y = (2 x 2 + 1)3 ( x + 5) 2 with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy
= (2 x 2 + 1)3[2( x + 5)(1)] + ( x + 5) 2 [3(2 x 2 + 1) 2 (4 x)] 1M
dx
= 2(2 x 2 + 1) 2 ( x + 5)[(2 x 2 + 1) + 6 x( x + 5)]
= 2(2 x 2 + 1) 2 ( x + 5)(8 x 2 + 30 x + 1) 1A
(2)
4C_C0106
Differentiate y = (2 x + 5) 2 3 x − 6 with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy 1 −
1
 1
= (2 x + 5) 2  (3x − 6) 2 (3)  + (3 x − 6) 2 [2(2 x + 5)(2)] 1M
dx 2 
1
1 −
= (2 x + 5)(3x − 6) 2 [3(2 x + 5) + 8(3x − 6)]
2
1
1 −
= (30 x − 33)(2 x + 5)(3 x − 6) 2
2
1
3 −
= (10 x − 11)(2 x + 5)(3 x − 6) 2 1A
2
(2)
4C_C0107
1 5
Differentiate y = (5 x + 1) 2 ( x + 2) 3 with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy 1
5 2
 5
1 −
1

= (5 x + 1) 2  ( x + 2) 3 (1)  + ( x + 2) 3  (5 x + 1) 2 (5)  1M
dx 3  2 
1 2
5 −
= (5 x + 1) 2 ( x + 2) 3 [2(5 x + 1) + 3( x + 2)]
6
1 2
5 −
= (13x + 8)(5 x + 1) 2 ( x + 2) 3 1A
6
(2)
4C_C0108
4 x3
x2 + 1
(2 marks)
Solution:
1
1 2 −
1

( x + 1) (12 x ) − (4 x )  ( x + 1) 2 (2 x) 
2 2 2 3
dy
= 2  1M
dx ( x + 1)
2 2
1 1
−
12 x 2 ( x 2 + 1) 2 − 4 x 4 ( x 2 + 1) 2
=
x2 + 1
1
−
4 x ( x + 1) [3( x 2 + 1) − x 2 ]
2 2 2
=
x2 + 1
4 x 2 (2 x 2 + 3)
= 3
1A
( x 2 + 1) 2
(2)
4C_C0109
3x 2 x
( x 3 + 2 x + 7) 5
(2 marks)
Solution:
3x 2 x
y=
( x3 + 2 x + 7)5
5
3x 2
= 3
( x + 2 x + 7)5
 15 3  5
( x 3 + 2 x + 7)5  x 2  − (3x 2 )[5( x 3 + 2 x + 7) 4 (3x 2 + 2)]
dy
= 2 
1M
dx ( x 3 + 2 x + 7)10
15 32 3
x ( x + 2 x + 7) 4 [ x 3 + 2 x + 7 − 2 x(3x 2 + 2)]
= 2
( x 3 + 2 x + 7)10
3
15 x 2 (−5 x 3 − 2 x + 7)
= 1A
2( x 3 + 2 x + 7)6
(2)
4C_C0110
4
 3 8x5 
 5x + 6 
(2 marks)
Solution:
4
 3 8x5 
y = 3 
 5x + 6 
20
16 x 3
=
(5 x3 + 6)4
 320 173  20
(5 x + 6) 
3
x  − (16 x 3 )[4(5 x 3 + 6)3 (15 x 2 )]
4
dy
=  3  1M
dx (5 x3 + 6)8
17 26
320 3
x (5 x 3 + 6) 4 − 960 x 3 (5 x 3 + 6)3
= 3
(5 x 3 + 6)8
17
320 3
x (5 x 3 + 6)3 (5 x 3 + 6 − 9 x 3 )
= 3
(5 x 3 + 6)8
17
320 x 3 (−4 x 3 + 6)
=
3(5 x3 + 6)5
17
640 x 3 (−2 x 3 + 3)
= 1A
3(5 x 3 + 6)5
(2)
4C_C0111
(2 x + 1)3
(6 − x ) 7
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy (6 − x) 7 [3(2 x + 1) 2 (2)] − (2 x + 1)3[7(6 − x)6 (−1)]
= 1M
dx (6 − x)14
6(2 x + 1) 2 (6 − x )7 + 7(2 x + 1)3 (6 − x)6
=
(6 − x)14
(2 x + 1) 2 (6 − x) 6 [6(6 − x) + 7(2 x + 1)]
=
(6 − x )14
(8 x + 43)(2 x + 1) 2
= 1A
(6 − x ) 8
(2)
4C_C0112
1
−
 5x + 3  6
 2x + 5 
(2 marks)
Solution:
7
−
dy 1  5x + 3  6 (2 x 2 + 5)(5) − (5 x + 3)(4 x)
=−  2  ⋅ 1M
dx 6  2x + 5  (2 x 2 + 5) 2
7
1 (2 x + 5) −10 x 2 − 12 x + 25
2 6
=− ⋅ ⋅
6 7
(2 x 2 + 5) 2
(5 x + 3) 6
10 x 2 + 12 x − 25
= 7 5
1A
6(5 x + 3) (2 x + 5)
6 2 6
(2)
4C_C0113
Differentiate y = x 2 x − 7 with respect to x.

(2 marks)
Solution:
y = x 2 x −7
1 1
= x(2 x 2 − 7) 2
dy 1 1
−
1
−
1
 1 1
= x  (2 x 2 − 7) 2 ( x 2 )  + (2 x 2 − 7) 2 (1) 1M
dx 2 
1
1 1
x2
= 1 1
+ (2 x 2 − 7) 2
2(2 x 2 − 7) 2
1 1
x 2 + 2(2 x 2 − 7)
= 1 1
2(2 x 2 − 7) 2
1
5 x − 14
2
= 1 1
1A
2(2 x − 7)
2 2
(2)
4C_C0114
( x + 1) 2
Differentiate y = ( x − 2)3 with respect to x.
x −1
(2 marks)
Solution:
1
−
dy 1  ( x + 1)  2 2 ( x − 1)[2( x + 1)] − ( x + 1) 2 (1) ( x + 1) 2
= ( x − 2)3 ⋅   ⋅ + ⋅ 3( x − 2)2 1M
dx 2  x −1  ( x − 1) 2
x −1
1
( x − 1) ( x + 1)[2( x − 1) − ( x + 1)] 3( x − 2) 2 ( x + 1)
2
= ( x − 2)3 ⋅ ⋅ +
2( x + 1) ( x − 1) 2 1
( x − 1) 2
( x − 2)3 ( x − 3) 3( x − 2) 2 ( x + 1)
= 3
+ 1
2( x − 1) 2 ( x − 1) 2
( x − 2) 2 [( x − 2)( x − 3) + 6( x + 1)( x − 1)]
= 3
2( x − 1) 2
( x − 2) 2 (7 x 2 − 5 x)
= 3
2( x − 1) 2
x(7 x − 5)( x − 2) 2
= 3
1A
2( x − 1) 2
(2)
4C_C0115
Let f ( x) = x 2 x + 4 . Find f '(12) .
(3 marks)
Solution:
1 −
1

f '( x ) = x  ( x + 4) 2 (1)  + ( x + 4)(2 x)
2
1M
2 
1
1 −
= x ( x + 4) 2 [ x + 4( x + 4)]
2
1
1 −
= x(5 x + 16)( x + 4) 2 1A
2
1
1 −
f '(12) = (12)[5(12) + 16](12 + 4) 2
2
= 114 1A
(3)
4C_C0116
x + 3 x + 10
Let f ( x) = . Find f '(5) .
5x
(3 marks)
Solution:
 1 −
1

5 x 1 + (3 x + 10) 2 (3)  − ( x + 3 x + 10)(5)
f '( x ) =  2  1M
(5 x) 2
1 1
15 −
5x + x (3x + 10) 2 − 5 x − 5(3 x + 10) 2
= 2
25 x 2
1
5 −
(3 x + 10) 2 [3 x − 2(3x + 10)]
=2
25 x 2
−3x − 20
= 1
10 x 2 (3 x + 10) 2
3x + 20
=− 1
1A
10 x (3x + 10) 2
2
3(5) + 20
f '(5) = − 1
10(5) [3(5) + 10]
2 2
7
=− 1A
250
(3)
4C_C0117
Let f ( x) = x 2 − 4 x + 8 . If f '(a) = 0 , where a is a constant, find the value of a.
(4 marks)
Solution:
1
1 −
f '( x ) = ( x 2 − 4 x + 8) 2 (2 x − 4) 1M
2
x−2
= 1A
x − 4x + 8
2
∵ f '(a ) = 0
a−2
∴ =0 1M
a 2 − 4a + 8
a−2=0
a=2 1A
(4)
4C_C0118
 x +1 
3
dy 27
Let y =   . If =− , where k is a constant, find the values of k.
 2x + 1 dx x =k 64
(5 marks)
Solution:
 x + 1  (2 x + 1)(1) − ( x + 1)(2)
2
dy
= 3  ⋅ 1M
dx  2x +1  (2 x + 1) 2
 x +1  −1
2
= 3  ⋅
 2 x + 1  (2 x + 1)
2
3( x + 1)2
=− 1A
(2 x + 1)4
dy 27
∵ =−
dx x =k 64
3(k + 1)2 27
∴ − =− 1M
(2k + 1) 4
64
64(k + 1) 2 = 9(2k + 1) 4
8(k + 1) = ±3(2k + 1) 2
8(k + 1) = 3(4k 2 + 4k + 1) or 8(k + 1) = −3(4k 2 + 4k + 1) 1A
12k + 4k − 5 = 0
2
or 12k + 20k + 11 = 0
2
−20 ± 202 − 4(12)(11)

(2k − 1)(6k + 5) = 0 or k=
2(12)
1 5 −20 ± −128
k= or − or k= (rejected) 1A
2 6 24
(5)
4C_C0119
4
 3
Let f ( x) = 5 x 3 (4 x 2 − a )3 , where a is a constant. If f '  −  = 0 , find the values of a.
 2 
(4 marks)
Solution:
4
 20 1 
f '( x ) = 5 x 3 [3(4 x 2 − a ) 2 (8 x)] + (4 x 2 − a )3  x 3  1M
 3 
7
20 13
= 120 x 3 (4 x 2 − a) 2 + x (4 x 2 − a)3
3
20 13
= x (4 x 2 − a ) 2 (18 x 2 + 4 x 2 − a)
3
20 13
f '( x) = x (22 x 2 − a )(4 x 2 − a ) 2 1A
3
 3
∵ f ' − =0
 2 
1 2
3 3     
2 2
20  3 3
∴ −   22  −  − a  4  −  − a = 0 1M
3  2    2    2  
1
20  3  3  33 
−   − a  (3 − a ) = 0
2
3  2   2 
33
a= or 3 1A
2
(4)
4C_C0120
1 5
Let f ( x) = , where k is a constant. If f '(2) = − , find the value of k.
x x+k 32
(4 marks)
Solution:
 1 −
1
 1

−  x  ( x + k ) 2 (1)  + ( x + k ) 2 (1) 
2 
f '( x ) =   1M
(x x + k ) 2
1
1 −
( x + k ) 2 [ x + 2( x + k )]
=−2
x2 ( x + k )
3 x + 2k
=− 3
1A
2 x2 ( x + k ) 2
5
∵ f '(2) = −
32
3(2) + 2k 5
∴ − 3
=− 1M
32
2(2) (2 + k )
2 2
3
8(3 + k ) = 5(2 + k ) 2
64(3 + k ) 2 = 25(2 + k )3
64(9 + 6k + k 2 ) = 25(8 + 12k + 6k 2 + k 3 )
25k 3 + 86k 2 − 84k − 376 = 0
(k − 2)(25k 2 + 136k + 188) = 0
−136 ± 1362 − 4(25)(188)
k = 2 or k =
2(25)
−136 ± −304
k = 2 or k = (rejected) 1A
50
(4)
4C_C0121
5
B 5 5
Let f ( x) = A(2 x + 4) + 2
3
, where A and B are constants. If f   = 500 and f '   = 228,
2 2
(2 x − 4) 2
find the values of A and B.

(5 marks)
Solution:
5 3
  3 −
5

f '( x ) = A  (2 x + 4) (2)  + B  − (2 x − 4) 2 (2) 
2
1M
2   2 
3 5
−
= 5 A(2 x + 4) 2 − 3B(2 x − 4) 2
1A
5
∵ f '   = 228
2
3 5
−
  5  2  5  2
∴ 5 A  2   + 4  − 3B  2   − 4  = 228 1M
 2   2 
135 A − 3B = 228
45 A − B = 76 .................. (1)
5
∵ f   = 500
2
5
  5  2 B
∴ A 2   + 4 + 3
= 500
 2   5  2
2  2  − 4
   
243 A + B = 500........................ (2)
(1) + (2): 288 A = 576
A=2 1A
Substitute A = 2 into (2),
243(2) + B = 500
B = 14 1A
(5)
Level 3
4C_C0122
t2
It is given that y = and t = (3x 2 − 2)3 .
t +1
dy dt
(a) Find and .
dt dx
dy
(b) Hence find .
dx x =−1
(7 marks)
Solution:
dy (t + 1)(2t ) − (t 2 )(1)
(a) = 1M
dt (t + 1)2
t 2 + 2t
=
(t + 1) 2
t (t + 2)
= 1A
(t + 1)2
t = (3 x 2 − 2)3
3
= (3 x 2 − 2) 2
1
dt 3
= (3 x 2 − 2) 2 (6 x) 1M
dx 2
1
= 9 x(3 x 2 − 2) 2 1A
(4)
dy dy dt
(b) = ⋅
dx dt dx
t (t + 2) 1
= ⋅ [9 x(3 x − 2) 2 ]
2
1M
(t + 1)2
3 3
(3 x − 2) [(3 x − 2) + 2]
2 2 2 2 1
= 3
⋅ [9 x(3 x − 2) ]
2 2
[(3 x − 2) + 1]
2 2 2
3
9 x(3 x − 2) [(3 x − 2) + 2]
2 2 2 2
= 3
1A
[(3 x − 2) + 1]
2 2 2
3
dy 9(−1)[3(−1) 2 − 2]2 {[3(−1) 2 − 2]2 + 2}
= 3
dx x =−1
{[3(−1) 2 − 2]2 + 1}2
27
=− 1A
4
(3)
4C_C0123
3 1
It is given that u = t (t + 1) and t = (4 − x)5 .
2 2 2
du
(a) Find in terms of x.
dx
4 dy
(a) If y = , find in terms of x.
u dx
(8 marks)
Solution:
du 32  1 2 −
1
 1
3 1
(a) = t  (t + 1) 2 (2t )  + (t 2 + 1) 2  t 2  1M
dt 2  2 
1 1 −
1
= t 2 (t 2 + 1) 2 [2t 2 + 3(t 2 + 1)]
2
1
t (5t 2 + 3)
2
= 1
1A
2(t + 1)
2 2
dt
= 5(4 − x)4 (−1) 1M
dx
= −5(4 − x) 4 1A
du du dt
= ⋅
dx dt dx
1
t 2 (5t 2 + 3)
= 1
⋅ [−5(4 − x) 4 ] 1M
2(t + 1)
2 2
1
[(4 − x)5 ] 2 {5[(4 − x)5 ]2 + 3}
= 1
⋅ [−5(4 − x) 4 ]
2{[(4 − x)5 ]2 + 1} 2
13
5(4 − x) 2 [5(4 − x)10 + 3]
=− 1
1A
2[(4 − x) + 1] 10 2
(6)
4
(b) y =
u
dy
= −4u −2
du
3 1
u = t 2 (t 2 + 1) 2
3 1
= [(4 − x) ] {[(4 − x) ] + 1}
5 2 5 2 2
15 1
= (4 − x) [(4 − x) + 1]
2 10 2
dy dy du
= ⋅
dx du dx
 13

−2  5(4 − x ) 2
[5(4 − x)10 + 3] 
= −4u ⋅ − 1  1M
 − 10
+ 2 
 2[4 x ) 1] 
 13

 5(4 − x) 2 [5(4 − x)10 + 3] 
15 1
2 −2
= −4{(4 − x) [(4 − x) + 1] } ⋅ −
10 2
1 
 2[(4 − x) + 1]
10 2 
 
17 3
− −
= 10(4 − x) 2
[(4 − x)10 + 1] 2 [5(4 − x)10 + 3]
10[5(4 − x)10 + 3]
= 17 3
1A
(4 − x) [(4 − x) + 1]
2 10 2
(2)
4C_C0124
Let f (x) be a differentiable function, where f (1) = 1 and f ' (1) = 2. When x = 1, find the values of the
following.
d
(a) [ f ( x 2 )]
dx
d  f ( x) 
(b)
dx  x + 1 
(6 marks)
Solution:
d d d
(a) [ f ( x 2 )] = 2
[ f ( x 2 )] ⋅ ( x 2 )
dx d (x ) dx
= f '( x 2 )(2 x) 1M
= 2 xf '( x ) 2
1A
d
When x = 1, [ f ( x 2 )] = 2(1) f '(12 )
dx
= 2(1)(2)
=4 1A
(3)
d  f ( x)  ( x + 1) f '( x) − f ( x)(1)
(b) = 1M
dx  x + 1  ( x + 1) 2
( x + 1) f ' ( x) − f ( x)
= 1A
( x + 1) 2
d  f ( x)  (1 + 1) f '(1) − f (1)
When x = 1, =
dx  x + 1  (1 + 1) 2
2(2) − 1
=
22
3
= 1A
4
(3)
4C_C0125
It is given that f ( x) is a differentiable function, where f '(0) = 1 , f (1) = 0 and f '(1) = 1 . If
g ( x) = f ( x f ( x)) , find the value of g ' (1) .
(4 marks)
Solution:
d
g '( x) = [ f ( xf ( x))]
dx
d d
= [ f ( xf ( x))] ⋅ [ xf ( x)] 1M
d [ xf ( x)] dx
= f '( xf ( x)) ⋅ [ xf '( x) + f ( x)(1)] 1M
= f '( xf ( x))[ xf '( x) + f ( x)] 1A
g '(1) = f '(1⋅ f (1))[1⋅ f '(1) + f (1)]
= f '( f (1))[ f '(1) + f (1)]
= f '(0)(1 + 0)
= (1)(1 + 0)
=1 1A
(4)
Exercise 4D
Level 1
4D_C0126
Differentiate y = e3−5 x with respect to x.
(1 mark)
Solution:
dy d d
= (e3−5 x ) ⋅ (3 − 5 x )
dx d (3 − 5 x) dx
= −5e3−5 x 1A
(1)
4D_C0127
+6 x
Differentiate y = e x
3
with respect to x.
(1 mark)
Solution:
dy d d
= (e x + 6 x ) ⋅ ( x 3 + 6 x )
3
dx d ( x + 6 x)
3
dx
+6 x
= ex (3 x 2 + 6)
3
+6 x
= 3( x 2 + 2)e x
3
1A
(1)
4D_C0128
1
Differentiate y = e1− 4 x with respect to x.
2
2
(1 mark)
Solution:
dy d  1 1− 4 x2  d
= 2 
e  ⋅ (1 − 4 x )
2
dx d (1 − 4 x )  2  dx
1
= e1− 4 x (−8 x)
2
2
= −4 xe1− 4 x
2
1A
(1)
4D_C0129
Differentiate y = e3 x − 5e x with respect to x.
2
(1 mark)
Solution:
dy
= e3 x (6 x) − 5e x
2
dx
= 6 xe3 x − 5e x
2
1A
(1)
4D_C0130
x
−3
Differentiate y = 25 2 with respect to x.
(1 mark)
Solution:
x
dy −3 1
= (25 2 ln 25)  
dx 2
x
−3 1 
= 25 2
 ln 25 
2 
x
−3
= 25 2
(ln 5) 1A
(1)
4D_C0131
+ 4 x −1
Differentiate y = 9 x
3
with respect to x.
(1 mark)
Solution:
dy
= (9 x + 4 x −1 ln 9)(3x 2 + 4)
3
dx
+ 4 x −1
= 9x (3 x 2 + 4) ln 9
3
1A
(1)
4D_C0132
Differentiate y = 15 x with respect to x.

2
(1 mark)
Solution:
y = 15 x
2
x2
= (15 ) 2
2
x
dy
= (15 2 ln15)( x)
dx
x2
= 15 ( x ln15)
2 1A
(1)
4D_C0133
Differentiate y = e 2 + 2e with respect to x.
x x
(1 mark)
Solution:
dy
= e 2 (2 x ln 2) + (2e ln 2)(e x )
x x
dx
= (ln 2)(2 x e 2 + 2e e x )
x x
1A
(1)
4D_C0134
Differentiate y = ln 4 x with respect to x.
(1 mark)
Solution:
dy 1
= ⋅4
dx 4 x
1
= 1A
x
(1)
4D_C0135
Differentiate y = ln(6 x 2 − 5) with respect to x.
(1 mark)
Solution:
dy 1
= 2 ⋅ (12 x)
dx 6 x − 5
12 x
= 2 1A
6x − 5
(1)
4D_C0136
Differentiate y = ln(5 − x ) 2 with respect to x.
(1 mark)
Solution:
y = ln(5 − x ) 2
= 2 ln(5 − x )
dy 1  1 −1 
= 2⋅ ⋅ − x 2 
dx 5− x  2 
1
=− 1A
x (5 − x )
(1)
4D_C0137
Differentiate y = ln( xe −4 x ) with respect to x.
2
(1 mark)
Solution:
y = ln( xe −4 x )
2
= ln x + ln e−4 x
2
= ln x − 4 x 2
dy d d
= (ln x) − (4 x 2 )
dx dx dx
1
= − 8x 1A
x
(1)
4D_C0138
2
Differentiate y = ln with respect to x.
x + 2x + 3
2
(1 mark)
Solution:
2
y = ln
x + 2x + 3
2
= ln 2 − ln( x 2 + 2 x + 3)
dy 2x + 2
=− 2
dx x + 2x + 3
2( x + 1)
=− 2 1A
x + 2x + 3
(1)
4D_C0139
x −3
Differentiate y = ln with respect to x.
x + 13
(1 mark)
Solution:
x−3
y = ln
x + 13
= ln( x − 3) − ln( x + 13)
dy 1 1
= −
dx x − 3 x + 13
( x + 13) − ( x − 3)
=
( x − 3)( x + 13)
16
= 1A
( x − 3)( x + 13)
(1)
4D_C0140
 5
Differentiate y = log 3  x + 3 +  with respect to x.
 x
(1 mark)
Solution:
dy 1  5 
= ⋅ 1 − 2 
dx  5  x 
 x + 3 +  ln 3
 x
x x2 − 5
= 2 ⋅ 2
( x + 3x + 5) ln 3 x
x2 − 5
= 1A
x( x 2 + 3 x + 5) ln 3
(1)
4D_C0141
Differentiate y = log 5[( x + 1)5 x ] with respect to x.
(1 mark)
Solution:
y = log 5 [( x + 1)5 x ]
= log 5 ( x + 1) + log 5 5 x
= log 5 ( x + 1) + x
dy 1
= ⋅1 + 1
dx ( x + 1) ln 5
1
= +1 1A
( x + 1) ln 5
(1)
Level 2
4D_C0142
Differentiate y = x 3e 2 x with respect to x.
2
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy
= x 3[e2 x (4 x)] + e 2 x (3 x 2 )
2 2
1M
dx
= 4 x 4e 2 x + 3x 2 e2 x
2 2
= x 2 e 2 x (4 x 2 + 3)
2
1A
(2)
4D_C0143
+ x+2
Differentiate y = ( x 2 + 5)e x
2
with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy
= ( x 2 + 5)[e x + x + 2 (2 x + 1)] + e x + x + 2 (2 x)
2 2
1M
dx
= e x + x + 2 [( x 2 + 5)(2 x + 1) + 2 x]
2
+ x+2
= ex (2 x 3 + x 2 + 12 x + 5)
2
1A
(2)
4D_C0144
Differentiate y = 5x + 4 e x +1
5
with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy
= (5x + 4 )[e x +1 (5 x 4 )] + e x +1[(5x + 4 ln 5)(1)]
5 5
1M
dx
= 5x + 4 e x +1 (5 x 4 + ln 5)
5
1A
(2)
4D_C0145
Differentiate y = 6 x [ln(2 x 3 + 1)] with respect to x.
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy 6 x2 1 −
1

= 6x ⋅ 3 + [ln(2 x 3 + 1)]  (6 x ) 2 (6)  1M
dx 2x +1 2 
5
6 6x 2 6 ln(2 x3 + 1)
= 3 + 1A
2x + 1 2 x
(2)
4D_C0146
x
Differentiate y = 3 log 3 x 2 with respect to x.
5
(2 marks)
Solution:
x x
dy 2x 1
= 35 ⋅ 2 + (log 3 x 2 )(3 5 ln 3)   1M
dx x ln 3 5
x
x
2(3 5 ) 1
= + (log 3 x 2 )(3 5 ln 3) 1A
x ln 3 5
(2)
4D_C0147
 4
Differentiate y =  ln 2  (ln 4 x 2 ) with respect to x.
 x 
(2 marks)
Solution:
 4
y =  ln 2  (ln 4 x 2 )
 x 
= (ln 4 − 2 ln x)(ln 4 + 2 ln x)
= (ln 4) 2 − 4(ln x) 2
dy 1
= −4(2 ln x)   1M
dx x
8 ln x
=− 1A
x
(2)
4D_C0148
ln 5 x
Differentiate y = 2 with respect to x.
ex
(2 marks)
Solution:
2  1 
e x  ⋅ 5  − (ln 5 x)[e x (2 x)]
2
dy
=  5x  1M
2
dx (e x ) 2
2  1 
e x  − 2 x ln 5 x 
= x 
x2 2
(e )
1 − 2 x 2 ln 5 x
= 2 1A
xe x
(2)
4D_C0149
ln(5 x 2 + 1)
x2 + 2
(2 marks)
Solution:
 10 x 
( x 2 + 2)  2  − [ln(5 x 2 + 1)](2 x )
dy
=  5x + 1  1M
dx ( x 2 + 2) 2
10 x( x 2 + 2)
− 2 x ln(5 x 2 + 1)
= 5 x 2
+ 1
( x 2 + 2) 2
10 x( x 2 + 2) − 2 x(5 x 2 + 1) ln(5 x 2 + 1)
= 1A
(5 x 2 + 1)( x 2 + 2) 2
(2)
4D_C0150
1
2 + 2− x
x
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy −(1)[2 x ln 2 + (2− x ln 2)(−1)]
= 1M
dx (2 x + 2− x ) 2
(ln 2)(2 − x − 2 x )
= 1A
(2 x + 2− x ) 2
(2)
4D_C0151
5
2 + x(3− x )
(2 marks)
Solution:
dy −(5)[ x(3− x ln 3)(−1) + 3− x ]
= 1M
dx [2 + x(3− x )]2
−5(−3− x )( x ln 3 − 1)
=
[2 + x(3− x )]2
5(3− x )( x ln 3 − 1)
= 1A
[2 + x(3− x )]2
(2)
4D_C0152
2e x + 1
2e x − 1
(2 marks)
Solution:
1
−
dy 1  2e x + 1  2  (2e x − 1)(2e x ) − (2e x + 1)(2e x ) 
=     1M
dx 2  2e x − 1   (2e x − 1)2 
1
(2e − 1)
x
 2e x (2e x − 1 − 2e x − 1) 
2
= 1  
(2e x − 1) 2
2(2e x + 1) 2  
2e x
=− 1 3
1A
(2e + 1) (2e − 1)
x 2 x 2
(2)
4D_C0153
(ln x) 2
2x
(2 marks)
Solution:
  1 
x  2(ln x)    − (ln x) 2 (1)
dy 1   x 
= ⋅ 1M
dx 2 x2
(ln x)(2 − ln x)
= 1A
2 x2
(2)
4D_C0154
Let f ( x) = ( x 3 + 2 x)e3 x − 4. Find the value of f '(−1) .
2
(3 marks)
Solution:
−4 −4
f '( x) = ( x3 + 2 x)[e3 x (6 x)] + e3 x (3x 2 + 2)
2 2
1M
−4
= e3 x (6 x 4 + 12 x 2 + 3x 2 + 2)
2
−4
= e3 x (6 x 4 + 15 x 2 + 2)
2
1A
f '(−1) = e3( −1) −4
[6(−1) 4 + 15(−1) 2 + 2]
2
= 23e −1 1A
(3)
4D_C0155
Let f ( x) = ( x 2 + 1) ln x 2 + 2 x + 5 . Find the value of f '(−2) .
(3 marks)
Solution:
f ( x) = ( x 2 + 1) ln x 2 + 2 x + 5
1
= ( x 2 + 1) ln( x 2 + 2 x + 5)
2
1 2 2x + 2 
f '( x) = ( x + 1) ⋅ 2 + [ln( x 2 + 2 x + 5)](2 x)  1M
2 x + 2x + 5 
( x 2 + 1)( x + 1)
= + x ln( x 2 + 2 x + 5) 1A
x + 2x + 5
2
[(−2) 2 + 1](−2 + 1)
f '(−2) = + (−2) ln[(−2) 2 + 2(−2) + 5]
(−2) + 2(−2) + 5
2
= −1 − 2 ln 5 1A
(3)
4D_C0156
1
Let f ( x) = ln( x + e + 1)2 . If f '(k ) = , find k.
2e
(4 marks)
Solution:
f ( x) = ln( x + e + 1) 2
= 2 ln( x + e + 1)
1
f '( x) = 2 ⋅ 1M
x + e +1
2
= 1A
x + e +1
1
∵ f '(k ) =
2e
2 1
∴ = 1M
k + e + 1 2e
4e = k + e + 1
k = 3e − 1 1A
(4)
4D_C0157
Let f ( x) = (2 x + 5) 2 e − x . If f '(k ) = 0 , find k.
(4 marks)
Solution:
f '( x) = (2 x + 5) 2 (−e − x ) + e − x [2(2 x + 5)(2)] 1M
= −(2 x + 5)e − x [(2 x + 5) − 4]
= −(2 x + 1)(2 x + 5)e − x 1A
∵ f '(k ) = 0
∴ −(2k + 1)(2k + 5)e− k = 0 1M
(2k + 1)(2k + 5) = 0
1 5
k =− or − 1A
2 2
(4)
4D_C0158
1
Let f ( x) = log a ( x 2 + 4) , where a is a positive constant. If f '(1) = , find a.
ln 32
(4 marks)
Solution:
1
f '( x) = ⋅ (2 x ) 1M
( x + 4) ln a
2
2x
= 2 1A
( x + 4) ln a
1
∵ f '(1) =
ln 32
2(1) 1
∴ = 1M
(1 + 4) ln a ln 32
2
2
ln a = ln 32
5
2
a = 32 5
=4 1A
(4)
4D_C0159
x
− 47 2
Let f ( x) = (kx 2 + 1)e 2 , where k is a constant. If f '(−4) = e , find k.
2
(4 marks)
Solution:
 1 −x  −x
f '( x) = (kx 2 + 1)  − e 2  + e 2 (2kx) 1M
 2 
x
1 −
= − e 2 (kx 2 + 1 − 4kx) 1A
2
47 2
∵ f '(−4) = e
2
1 − −4 47 2
∴ − e 2 [k (−4) 2 + 1 − 4k (−4)] = e 1M
2 2
−(32k + 1) = 47
3
k =− 1A
2
(4)
4D_C0160
e3 x
Let f ( x) = , where k is a non-zero constant. It is given that f '(0) = 3 .
1 + ke3 x
(a) Find k.
2
(b) Find a such that f '(a ) = .
3
(8 marks)
Solution:
(1 + ke3 x )(3e3 x ) − e3 x (3ke3 x )
(a) f '( x) = 1M
(1 + ke3 x ) 2
3e3 x (1 + ke3 x − ke3 x )
=
(1 + ke3 x ) 2
3e3 x
= 1A
(1 + ke3 x )2
∵ f '(0) = 3
3e3(0)
∴ =3 1M
[1 + ke3(0) ]2
(1 + k ) 2 = 1
1 + 2k + k 2 = 1
k (k + 2) = 0
k = 0 (rejected) or −2 1A
(4)
3e3 x
(b) f '( x) =
(1 − 2e3 x ) 2
2
∵ f '(a ) =
3
3e3a 2
∴ = 1M
(1 − 2e )
3a 2
3
9e3 a = 2(1 − 2e3a ) 2
8(e3a ) 2 − 17e3 a + 2 = 0 1M
(e3a − 2)(8e3a − 1) = 0
1
e3 a = 2 or e3 a = 1A
8
1
3a = ln 2 or 3a = ln
8
1 1 1
a = ln 2 or a = ln
3 3 8
1
= ln 2 or = − ln 2 1A
3
(4)
Level 3
4D_C0161
3
4 1 −
Let f ( x) = 3 + keλx , where k and λ are constants. It is given that f '   = 6e −4 and f '   = 6e 2 .
3 2
(a) Find k and λ.
(b) Find f '( x) + 3 f ( x) .
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a) f '( x) = k λeλx 1A
4
∵ f '   = 6e −4
3
 4
λ 
∴ k λe  3
= 6e−4 ..................... (1) 1M
3
1 −
∵ f '   = 6e 2
2
1 3
λ  −
∴ k λe  2
= 6e .................... (2)
2
 4
λ 
(1) k λe  3  6e −4
: 1
= 3
(2) λ  −
k λe  2 6e 2
5 5
λ −
e6 = e 2
5 5
λ=−
6 2
λ = −3 1A
Substitute λ = −3 into (1),

 4
( −3) 
k (−3)e  3
= 6e − 4
−3ke−4 = 6e −4
k = −2 1A
(4)
−3 x −3 x
(b) f '( x) + 3 f ( x) = (−2)( −3)e + 3(3 − 2e )
−3 x −3 x
= 6e + 9 − 6e
=9 1A
(1)
4D_C0162
t t
− −
Let x = 9 + e 8
and y = 5 − e 4 . Suppose z = x + y .
dz
(a) Find .
dt
dz 3
(b) If = , where k is a constant, find the value of k.
dt t = k 4
(4 marks)
Solution:
dz dx dy
(a) = +
dt dt dt
t t
−  1
4 
− 1
= e  −  + (− e )  − 
8
 8  4
t t
− −
e 8 e 4
=− + 1A
8 4
(1)
dz 3
(b) ∵ =
dt t = k 4
k k
− −
e 8 e 4 3
∴ − + = 1M
8 4 4
k k
− −
−e 8
+ 2e 4
=6
k k
− −
2(e 8 ) 2 − e 8
−6 = 0
k k
− −
(e 8
− 2)(2e 8
+ 3) = 0
k k
− − 3
e 8
=2 or e 8
=− (rejected) 1A
2
k
− = ln 2
8
k = −8 ln 2 1A
(3)
4D_C0163
1
Let y = 4u and u = 9 x + .
x +1
dy
(a) Find in terms of x.
dx
dy
(b) Find the value of when x = 0 .
dx
(3 marks)
Solution:
dy dy du
(a) = ⋅
dx du dx
  −
1

 −(1)  1 ( x + 1) 2 (1)  
 2 
= (4u ln 4) 9 +  1M
 x +1
1
9 x+
 1 
= (4 x +1
ln 4) 9 − 3 
1A
 2( x + 1) 2 
(2)
(b) When x = 0 ,
1
dy 9(0) +
 1 
= [4 0 +1
ln 4] 9 − 3 
dx
 2(0 + 1) 2 
 17 
= (4 ln 4)  
 2
= 34 ln 4 1A
(1)
4D_C0164
e x + 3x
2
Let y = ln .
1 + 3e 2 x
dy
(a) When x = 0, find the value of .
dx
(b) Let ( z 2 + 1)e8 z = e a + bx , where a and b are constants.
(i) Express ln( z 2 + 1) + 8 z as a linear function of x.
(ii) It is given that the graph of the linear function obtained in (b)(i) passes through the origin and
its slope is 12. Find the values of a and b.
dy
(iii) Using the values of a and b obtained in (b)(ii), find .
dz z =0
(10 marks)
Solution:
e x + 3x
2
(a) y = ln
1 + 3e 2 x
1 1
= ln(e x + 3 x) − ln(1 + 3e 2 x )
2
2 2
dy 1 e x (2 x) + 3 1 3(2e 2 x )
2
= ⋅ − ⋅ 1M
dx 2 e x + 3 x 2 1 + 3e 2 x
2
2 xe x + 3
2
3e2 x
= − 1A
2(e x + 3 x) 1 + 3e
2 2x
2(0)e0 + 3
2
dy 3e 2(0)
= −
2[e 0 + 3(0)] 1 + 3e
2 2(0)
dx x =0
3 3
= −
2(1) 1 + 3
3
= 1A
4
(3)
a + bx
(b) (i) ( z + 1)e = e
2 8z
ln[( z 2 + 1)e8 z ] = a + bx
ln( z 2 + 1) + 8 z = a + bx 1A
(ii) a = Intercept on the vertical axis of the graph

=0 1A
b = Slope of the graph

= 12 1A
(iii) From (b)(i) and (b)(ii),

ln( z 2 + 1) + 8 z = 12 x
1 2
x= ln( z 2 + 1) + z
12 3
dx 1 2 z 2
= ⋅ 2 +
dz 12 z + 1 3
z 2
= + 1A
6( z + 1) 3
2
dx 0 2
= +
dz z =0 6(0 + 1)2
3
2
= 1A
3
When z = 0,
1 2
x= ln(02 + 1) + (0)
12 3
=0
dy dy dx
∴ = ⋅ 1M
dz z =0 dx x=0 dz z =0
3 2
= ⋅
4 3
1
= 1A
2
(7)
Exercise 4E
Level 1
4E_C0165
dy d2y
Given that y = 10 x − x + 9 , find
6 5
and .
dx dx 2
(2 marks)
Solution:
y = 10 x 6 − x5 + 9
dy
= 60 x5 − 5 x 4 1A
dx
d 2 y d  dy 
=  
dx 2 dx  dx 
d
= (60 x 5 − 5 x 4 )
dx
= 300 x 4 − 20 x3 1A
(2)
4E_C0166
dy d2y
Given that y = 6 x −3 − 3x −2 + 7 x −1, find and .
dx dx 2
(2 marks)
Solution:
y = 6 x −3 − 3 x −2 + 7 x −1
dy
= −18 x −4 + 6 x −3 − 7 x −2 1A
dx
d 2 y d  dy 
=  
dx 2 dx  dx 
d
= (−18 x −4 + 6 x −3 − 7 x −2 )
dx
= 72 x −5 − 18 x −4 + 14 x −3 1A
(2)
4E_C0167
dy d2y
Given that y = x (2 x 2 + 7 x + 8) , find and .
dx dx 2
(2 marks)
Solution:
y = x (2 x 2 + 7 x + 8)
5 3 1
= 2x + 7 x + 8x
2 2 2
3
dy 21 12 −
1
= 5x + x + 4x 2
2
1A
dx 2
d 2 y d  dy 
=  
dx 2 dx  dx 
d  32 21 12 − 
1
=  5 x + x + 4 x 2

dx  2 
15 12 21 − 12 −
3
= x + x − 2x 2 1A
2 4
(2)
4E_C0168
dy d2y
Given that y = (2 x + 1)(9 − x ) , find 2
and .
dx dx 2
(2 marks)
Solution:
y = (2 x + 1)(9 − x 2 )
dy
= (2 x + 1)(−2 x) + (9 − x 2 )(2)
dx
= −6 x 2 − 2 x + 18 1A
d 2 y d  dy 
=  
dx 2 dx  dx 
d
= (−6 x 2 − 2 x + 18)
dx
= −12 x − 2 1A
(2)
4E_C0169
5x 2 − x + 3
Given that y = , find y' and y".
x+2
(2 marks)
Solution:
5x 2 − x + 3
y=
x+2
( x + 2)(10 x − 1) − (5 x 2 − x + 3)(1)
y' =
( x + 2)2
5 x 2 + 20 x − 5
= 1A
( x + 2) 2
d  5 x 2 + 20 x − 5 
y" =
dx  ( x + 2) 2 
( x + 2) 2 (10 x + 20) − (5 x 2 + 20 x − 5)[2( x + 2)(1)]
=
( x + 2) 4
2( x + 2)[5( x + 2) 2 − (5 x 2 + 20 x − 5)]
=
( x + 2) 4
50
= 1A
( x + 2)3
(2)
4E_C0170
1
Given that y = , find y ' and y ''.
(5 − 6 x 2 ) 4
(2 marks)
Solution:
1
y=
(5 − 6 x 2 ) 4
−(1)[4(5 − 6 x 2 )3 (−12 x)]
y'=
(5 − 6 x 2 )8
48 x
= 1A
(5 − 6 x 2 )5
d  48 x 
y '' =
dx  (5 − 6 x 2 )5 
(5 − 6 x 2 )5 (48) − (48 x)[5(5 − 6 x 2 ) 4 (−12 x)]
=
(5 − 6 x 2 )10
48(5 − 6 x 2 ) 4 (5 − 6 x 2 + 60 x 2 )
=
(5 − 6 x 2 )10
48(54 x 2 + 5)
= 1A
(5 − 6 x 2 )6
(2)
4E_C0171
x2 dy d2y
Given that y = , find and .
x +1 dx dx 2
(2 marks)
Solution:
x2
y=
x +1
x2
= 1
( x + 1) 2
1
1 −
1

( x + 1) 2 (2 x) − ( x 2 )  ( x + 1) 2 (1) 
dy
= 2 
dx x +1
1
1 −
( x + 1) 2 [4 x( x + 1) − x 2 ]
=2
x +1
3x + 4 x
2
= 3 1A
2( x + 1) 2
d 2 y d  3x 2 + 4 x 
=
dx 2 dx  3 
 2( x + 1) 
2
3
3 1

( x + 1) 2 (6 x + 4) − (3 x 2 + 4 x)  ( x + 1) 2 (1) 
1
= ⋅ 2 
2 ( x + 1)3
1
1
( x + 1) 2 [2( x + 1)(6 x + 4) − 3(3x 2 + 4 x)]
= 2
2( x + 1)3
3x2 + 8x + 8
= 5
1A
4( x + 1) 2
(2)
4E_C0172
dy d2y
Given that y = ( x 2 + 9)e x , find and .
dx dx 2
(2 marks)
Solution:
y = ( x 2 + 9)e x
dy
= ( x 2 + 9)e x + e x (2 x)
dx
= ( x 2 + 2 x + 9)e x 1A
d2y d
2
= [( x 2 + 2 x + 9)e x ]
dx dx
= ( x 2 + 2 x + 9)e x + e x (2 x + 2)
= ( x 2 + 4 x + 11)e x 1A
(2)
4E_C0173
1 dy d2y
Given that y = , find and .
3 + e2 x dx dx 2
(2 marks)
Solution:
1
y=
3 + e2 x
dy −(1)(2e 2 x )
=
dx (3 + e 2 x ) 2
2e 2 x
=− 1A
(3 + e2 x ) 2
d2y d  2e 2 x 
= −
dx 2 dx  (3 + e 2 x ) 2 
(3 + e2 x ) 2 (4e2 x ) − (2e 2 x )[2(3 + e 2 x )(2e 2 x )]
=−
(3 + e 2 x ) 4
4e2 x (3 + e 2 x )(3 + e 2 x − 2e 2 x )
=−
(3 + e 2 x ) 4
4e2 x (e 2 x − 3)
= 1A
(3 + e 2 x )3
(2)
4E_C0174
dy d2y
Given that y = ln( x + e ) , find
2 3x
and .
dx dx 2
(2 marks)
Solution:
y = ln( x 2 + e3 x )
dy 2 x + 3e3 x
= 1A
dx x 2 + e3 x
d 2 y d  2 x + 3e3 x 
=  
dx 2 dx  x 2 + e3 x 
( x 2 + e3 x )[2 + 3(3e3 x )] − (2 x + 3e3 x ) 2
=
( x 2 + e3 x ) 2
(9 x 2 − 12 x + 2)e3 x − 2 x 2
= 1A
( x 2 + e3 x ) 2
(2)
Level 2
4E_C0175
Let g ( x) = ( x 2 + 3)( x 2 + 4 x + 8) .
(a) Find g '( x) and g "( x) .
 1
(b) Find g "  −  .
 2
(3 marks)
Solution:
(a) g ( x) = ( x 2 + 3)( x 2 + 4 x + 8)
g '( x) = ( x 2 + 3)(2 x + 4) + ( x 2 + 4 x + 8)(2 x)
= 4 x 3 + 12 x 2 + 22 x + 12 1A
g "( x) = 12 x 2 + 24 x + 22 1A
(2)
2
 1  1  1
(b) g "  −  = 12  −  + 24  −  + 22
 2  2  2
= 13 1A
(1)
4E_C0176
x2 + x
Let f ( x ) = 1
. Find f "(−1) .
( x + 7)
2 3
(3 marks)
Solution:
x2 + x
f ( x) = 1
( x + 7)
2 3
1
1 −
2

( x 2 + 7) 3 (2 x + 1) − ( x 2 + x )  ( x 2 + 7) 3 (2 x ) 
f '( x) = 3 
2
( x 2 + 7) 3
2
1 2 −
( x + 7) 3 [3( x 2 + 7)(2 x + 1) − 2 x( x 2 + x)]
=3 2
( x 2 + 7) 3
4 x 3 + x 2 + 42 x + 21
= 4
1A
3( x + 7)
2 3
4
4 1

( x 2 + 7) 3 (12 x 2 + 2 x + 42) − (4 x3 + x 2 + 42 x + 21)  ( x 2 + 7) 3 (2 x ) 
1
f "( x) = ⋅ 3 
8
3
( x 2 + 7) 3
1
2 2
( x + 7) 3 [3( x 2 + 7)(6 x 2 + x + 21) − 4 x(4 x 3 + x 2 + 42 x + 21)]
=3 8
3( x 2 + 7) 3
2(2 x 4 − x3 + 21x 2 − 63 x + 441)
= 7
1A
9( x + 7)
2 3
2[2(−1) 4 − (−1)3 + 21(−1) 2 − 63(−1) + 441]

f "( −1) = 7
9[(−1) 2 + 7] 3
11
= 1A
12
(3)
4E_C0177
7x
Let f ( x) = .
( x + 2)(3 x − 1)
2 1
(a) Show that f ( x) = + .
x + 2 3x − 1
(b) Hence find f "( x).
(3 marks)
Solution:
2 1 2(3x − 1) + ( x + 2)
(a) + =
x + 2 3x − 1 ( x + 2)(3x − 1)
7x
=
( x + 2)(3x − 1)
2 1
∴ f ( x) = + 1
x + 2 3x − 1
(1)
−2 −2
(b) f '( x) = 2(−1)( x + 2) (1) + (1)(−1)(3x − 1) (3)
= −2( x + 2)−2 − 3(3x − 1)−2 1A
f "( x) = −2(−2)( x + 2) −3 (1) − 3(−2)(3x − 1) −3 (3)
4 18
= + 1A
( x + 2) (3 x − 1)3
3
(2)
4E_C0178
x − 10 A B
Let f ( x) = = + , where A and B are constants.
2x − 5x − 3 2x + 1 x − 3
2
(a) Find the values of A and B.

(b) Hence find f " (0) .
(6 marks)
Solution:
A B A( x − 3) + B(2 x + 1)
(a) + =
2x + 1 x − 3 (2 x + 1)( x − 3)
( A + 2 B) x − 3 A + B
=
2x2 − 5x − 3
 A + 2 B = 1........................... (1) 
∴  1M
−3 A + B = −10 .................... (2) 
(1) − (2) × 2 :
A + 2 B − (−3 A + B) × 2 = 1 − (−10) × 2
7 A = 21
A=3 1A
Substitute A = 3 into (2),
−3(3) + B = −10
B = −1 1A
(3)
3 1
(b) From (a), f ( x) = −
2x +1 x − 3
f '( x) = 3(−1)(2 x + 1) −2 (2) − (1)(−1)( x − 3) −2 (1)
= −6(2 x + 1) −2 + ( x − 3) −2 1A
f "( x) = −6(−2)(2 x + 1) −3 (2) + (−2)( x − 3) −3 (1)
24 2
= − 1A
(2 x + 1) ( x − 3)3
3
24 2
f "(0) = −
[2(0) + 1] (0 − 3)3
3
650
= 1A
27
(3)
4E_C0179
Let g ( x) = 3x +1. Solve the equation g "( x) = 3 .
(4 marks)
Solution:
g ( x) = 3x +1
g '( x) = 3x +1 ln 3 1A
g "( x) = 3x +1 (ln 3) 2 1A
g "( x) = 3
x +1
3 (ln 3) 2 = 3 1M
1
3x =
(ln 3) 2
 1 
x ln 3 = ln  2
 (ln 3) 
2 ln(ln 3)
x=− 1A
ln 3
(4)
4E_C0180
2
d 2 y  dy  2
Let y = ln(3x 2 + 5 x + 1) . Solve the equation 2
+  = .
dx  dx  17
(5 marks)
Solution:
y = ln(3x 2 + 5 x + 1)
dy 6x + 5
= 2 1A
dx 3 x + 5 x + 1
d 2 y (3x 2 + 5 x + 1)(6) − (6 x + 5)(6 x + 5)
=
dx 2 (3x 2 + 5 x + 1) 2
−18 x 2 − 30 x − 19
= 1A
(3x 2 + 5 x + 1)2
2
d 2 y  dy  2
2
+  =
dx  dx  17
−18 x 2 − 30 x − 19  6 x + 5 
2
2
+ 2  = 1M
(3x + 5 x + 1)
2 2
 3x + 5 x + 1  17
−18 x 2 − 30 x − 19 + (36 x 2 + 60 x + 25) 2
=
(3x 2 + 5 x + 1)2 17
6(3x 2 + 5 x + 1) 2
=
(3x 2 + 5 x + 1) 2 17
51(3x 2 + 5 x + 1) = (3x 2 + 5 x + 1) 2
(3x 2 + 5 x + 1)(3x 2 + 5 x + 1 − 51) = 0
(3 x 2 + 5 x + 1)(3x 2 + 5 x − 50) = 0
3 x 2 + 5 x + 1 = 0 (rejected) or 3 x 2 + 5 x − 50 = 0 1A
(3 x − 10)( x + 5) = 0
10
x= or −5 1A
3
(5)
4E_C0181
15
Let f ( x) = e 2 x + k , where k is a constant. If f ''(ln 3) = , find k.
8
(4 marks)
Solution:
f ( x) = e 2 x + k
1
1 2x −
f '( x) = (e + k ) 2 (2e 2 x )
2
e2 x
= 1 1A
(e + k )
2x 2
1
1 −
1

(e 2 x + k ) 2 (2e 2 x ) − e2 x  (e 2 x + k ) 2 (2e 2 x ) 
f ''( x) = 2 
e +k
2x
1
−
e2 x (e 2 x + k ) 2 [2(e 2 x + k ) − e2 x ]
=
e2 x + k
e 2 x (e 2 x + 2 k )
= 3
1A
(e + k ) 2
2x
15
∵ f ''(ln 3) =
8
e 2(ln 3)
[e 2(ln 3)
+ 2k ] 15
∴ 3
= 1M
8
[e 2(ln 3 )
+ k] 2
3(3 + 2k ) 15
3
=
8
(3 + k ) 2
3
8(3 + 2k ) = 5(3 + k ) 2
64(3 + 2k )2 = 25(3 + k )3
25k 3 − 31k 2 − 93k + 99 = 0
(k − 1)(25k 2 − 6k − 99) = 0
−(−6) ± (−6) 2 − 4(25)(−99)
k = 1 or k=
2(25)
3 + 6 69 3 − 6 69
k = 1 or k= or (rejected) 1A
25 25
(4)
4E_C0182
If y = 4 x 2 + x + 1 , prove that yy " + ( y ') 2 = 4 .
(3 marks)
Proof:
y = 4x2 + x +1
1
1 −
y' = (4 x 2 + x + 1) 2 (8 x + 1) 1A
2
1 2 −
1
 1 −
3

y" =  (4 x + x + 1) 2
(8) + (8 x + 1)  −  (4 x 2
+ x + 1) 2
(8 x + 1) 
2  2 
3
1 −  1 2
= (4 x 2 + x + 1) 2 8(4 x + x + 1) − 2 (8 x + 1) 
2
2
3
15 −
= (4 x 2 + x + 1) 2 1A
4
2
15 − 
3
1 −
1

∴ yy " + ( y ') = ( 4 x + x + 1)  (4 x + x + 1)  +  (4 x + x + 1) 2 (8 x + 1) 
2 2 2 2 2
4  2 
15 (8 x + 1) 2
= (4 x 2 + x + 1) −1 + (4 x 2 + x + 1) −1
4 4
1
= (4 x 2 + x + 1) −1[15 + (8 x + 1)2 ]
4
1
= (4 x 2 + x + 1) −1 (64 x 2 + 16 x + 16)
4
=4 1
(3)
4E_C0183
2 d2y dy
Let y = 2 . Prove that + 2 xy + y 2 = 0 .
x +3 dx 2
dx
(3 marks)
Proof:
2
y=
x +3
2
dy
= 2(−1)( x 2 + 3) −2 (2 x)
dx
4x
=− 2 1A
( x + 3)2
d2y ( x 2 + 3) 2 (4) − (4 x)[2( x 2 + 3)(2 x)]
=−
dx 2 ( x 2 + 3) 4
4( x 2 + 3)[( x 2 + 3) − 4 x 2 ]
=−
( x 2 + 3) 4
4(−3 x 2 + 3)
=−
( x 2 + 3)3
12( x 2 − 1)
= 1A
( x 2 + 3)3
12( x 2 − 1)
2
d2y dy  2  4x   2 
∴ + 2 xy + y 2
= + 2x  2  − 2 + 
dx 2
dx ( x + 3)
2 3
 x + 3   ( x + 3)2   x 2 + 3 
12( x 2 − 1) − 16 x 2 + 4( x 2 + 3)
=
( x 2 + 3)3
=0 1
(3)
4E_C0184
d2y dy  1  2
Let y = e x ln x . Prove that − 2x − 2 y =  2 − 2  ex .
2
2
dx dx  x 
(3 marks)
Proof:
y = e x ln x
2
dy 2  1 
= e x   + (ln x)(e x )(2 x)
2
dx  x
1  2
=  + 2 x ln x  e x 1A
x 
d2y  1  2 2  1 
2
=  + 2 x ln x  (e x )(2 x) + e x  − x −2 + 2 x   + (ln x)(2) 
dx x    x 
 1  2
=  2 + 4 x 2 ln x − 2 + 2 + 2 ln x  e x
 x 
 1 2
=  4 + (4 x 2 + 2) ln x − 2  e x 1A
 x 
d2y dy  1  x2 1  x2
∴ − 2 x − 2 y =  4 + (4 x 2
+ 2) ln x − e − 2 x  + 2 x ln x  e − 2e x2
ln x
dx 2 dx x 2  x 
 1  2
=  4 + (4 x 2 + 2) ln x − 2 − 2 − 4 x 2 ln x − 2 ln x  e x
 x 
 1  2
=  2 − 2  ex 1
 x 
(3)
4E_C0185
2
 3x 2  2
2 d y  dy  dy
Let y = ln   . Prove that x −  x  + 4x = 2.
 5x + 4  2
dx  dx  dx
(3 marks)
Proof:
 3x 2 
y = ln  
 5x + 4 
= ln(3 x 2 ) − ln(5 x + 4)
dy 1 1
= 2 ⋅ (6 x) − ⋅5
dx 3 x 5x + 4
2 5
= − 1A
x 5x + 4
d2y
2
= 2(− x −2 ) − 5[−(5 x + 4) −2 (5)]
dx
2 25
=− 2 + 1A
x (5 x + 4) 2
2 2
d 2 y  dy  dy  2 25    2 5  2 5 
∴ x 2
−  x  + 4x = x2 − 2 + 2
− x  −  + 4 x  − 
 x (5 x + 4)    x 5 x + 4    x 5x + 4 
2
dx  dx  dx
2
25 x 2  5x  20 x
= −2 + −2−  +8−
(5 x + 4) 
2
5x + 4  5x + 4
25 x 2  20 x 25 x 2  20 x
= 6+ − 4 − + −
(5 x + 4) 2  5 x + 4 (5 x + 4) 2  5 x + 4
=2 1
(3)
4E_C0186
Let f ( x) = Ae 4 x + Be x , where A and B are constants. Prove that f "( x) − 5 f '( x) + 4 f ( x) = 0 .
(3 marks)
Proof:
f ( x) = Ae 4 x + Be x
f '( x) = A(4e4 x ) + Be x
= 4 Ae4 x + Be x 1A
f "( x) = 4 A(4e 4 x ) + Be x
= 16 Ae4 x + Be x 1A
∴ f "( x) − 5 f '( x) + 4 f ( x) = (16 Ae 4 x + Be x ) − 5(4 Ae 4 x + Be x ) + 4( Ae4 x + Be x )
= (16 A − 20 A + 4 A)e 4 x + ( B − 5 B + 4 B)e x
=0 1
(3)
4E_C0187
Let f ( x) = e3 x ( x 2 + k ) , where k is a constant. Prove that f "( x) − 6 xf '( x) − 6 f ( x) = 2(6 x 2 + 1)e3 x .
2 2
(3 marks)
Proof:
f ( x ) = e3 x ( x 2 + k )
2
f '( x) = e3 x (2 x) + ( x 2 + k )(e3 x )(6 x)

2 2
= (2 x + 6 x3 + 6kx)e3 x
2
= [6 x 3 + 2(3k + 1) x]e3 x
2
1A
f "( x) = [6 x3 + 2(3k + 1) x](e3 x )(6 x) + e3 x [18 x 2 + 2(3k + 1)]
2 2
= [36 x 4 + 12(3k + 1) x 2 + 18 x 2 + 2(3k + 1)]e3 x

2
= [36 x 4 + 6(6k + 5) x 2 + 2(3k + 1)]e3 x

2
1A
∴ f "( x) − 6 xf '( x) − 6 f ( x)
= [36 x 4 + 6(6k + 5) x 2 + 2(3k + 1)]e3 x − 6 x[6 x3 + 2(3k + 1) x]e3 x − 6e3 x ( x 2 + k )
2 2 2
= [36 x 4 + 6(6k + 5) x 2 + 2(3k + 1) − 36 x 4 − 12(3k + 1) x 2 − 6 x 2 − 6k ]e3 x

2
= (12 x 2 + 2)e3 x
2
= 2(6 x 2 + 1)e3 x
2
1
(3)
4E_C0188
d 2 y dy
Let y = x 2 e − x and k be a constant. If x − = ( x − k ) y for all real values of x, find the value of k.
dx 2 dx
(4 marks)
Solution:
y = x 2e − x
dy
= x 2 (−e − x ) + e − x (2 x)
dx
= ( − x 2 + 2 x )e − x 1A
d2y
= (− x 2 + 2 x)(−e − x ) + e − x (−2 x + 2)
dx 2
= ( x 2 − 4 x + 2)e − x 1A
d 2 y dy
∵ x − = (x − k) y
dx 2 dx
∴ x( x 2 − 4 x + 2)e− x − (− x 2 + 2 x)e − x = ( x − k ) x 2 e − x 1M
(k − 3) x 2 e − x = 0
k −3 = 0
k =3 1A
(4)
4E_C0189
d2y dy
Let y = x ax 2 + 1 , where a is a positive constant. Find the value of a such that y 2 2
+ x3 = 4x2 y
dx dx
for all real values of x.
(5 marks)
Solution:
y = x ax 2 + 1
dy 1 −
1
 1
= x  (ax + 1) (2ax)  + (ax + 1) 2
2 2 2
dx 2 
1
−
= (ax 2 + 1) 2 [ax 2 + (ax 2 + 1)]
2ax 2 + 1
= 1
1A
(ax + 1)
2 2
1
1 −
1

2
( ax 2
+ 1) 2
(4 ax ) − (2 ax 2
+ 1)  ( ax 2
+ 1) 2
(2ax) 
d y
= 2 
dx 2
ax + 1
2
1
−
ax(ax 2 + 1) 2 [4(ax 2 + 1) − (2ax 2 + 1)]
=
ax 2 + 1
ax(2ax 2 + 3)
= 3
1A
(ax + 1) 2
2
d2y dy
∵ y2 2
+ x3 = 4x2 y
dx dx
 ax(2ax 2 + 3)  3  2ax 2 + 1 
∴ ( x ax 2 + 1) 2  3 
+x  1 
= 4 x 2 ( x ax 2 + 1) 1M
 (ax 2 + 1) 2   ( ax 2 + 1) 2 
ax3 (2ax 2 + 3) x3 (2ax 2 + 1) 1
1
+ 1
= 4 x (ax + 1)
3 2 2
(ax + 1)
2 2
(ax + 1)
2 2
ax 3 (2ax 2 + 3) + x3 (2ax 2 + 1) = 4 x3 (ax 2 + 1)

(2a 2 − 2a ) x5 + (3a − 3) x3 = 0 1M
2a (a − 1) x + 3(a − 1) x = 0
5 3
(a − 1)(2ax 2 + 3) x3 = 0
a −1 = 0
a =1 1A
(5)
4E_C0190
x 2 + Ax 3 17
Let g ( x) = , where A and B are constants. If g '(0) = and g "(0) = , find the values of
x + Bx + 4
2 2 8
A and B.
(6 marks)
Solution:
1
1 −
1

( x 2 + Bx + 4) 2 (2 x + A) − ( x 2 + Ax)  ( x 2 + Bx + 4) 2 (2 x + B) 
g '( x) = 2 
x + Bx + 4
2
2x + A ( x + Ax)(2 x + B)
2
= 1
− 3
1A
( x 2 + Bx + 4) 2 2( x 2 + Bx + 4) 2
3
∵ g '(0) =
2
2(0) + A [02 + A(0)][2(0) + B] 3
∴ 1
− 3
= 1M
2
[0 + B(0) + 4]
2 2
2[0 + B(0) + 4]
2 2
A 3
=
2 2
A=3 1A
2x + 3 ( x 2 + 3x)(2 x + B)
∴ g '( x) = 1
− 3
( x + Bx + 4)
2 2
2( x 2 + Bx + 4) 2
2x + 3 2 x 3 + ( B + 6) x 2 + 3Bx
= 1
− 3
( x + Bx + 4)
2 2
2( x 2 + Bx + 4) 2
1
1 −
1

( x 2 + Bx + 4) 2 (2) − (2 x + 3)  ( x 2 + Bx + 4) 2 (2 x + B) 
g ''( x) = 2 
x 2 + Bx + 4
 2 3
1  ( x + Bx + 4) 2 [6 x 2 + 2( B + 6) x + 3B]
−
2  ( x 2 + Bx + 4)3
3 1

[2 x 3 + ( B + 6) x 2 + 3Bx]  ( x 2 + Bx + 4) 2 (2 x + B)  
− 2 
( x + Bx + 4)
2 3 

2 (2 x + 3)(2 x + B) 6 x 2 + 2( B + 6) x + 3B
g ''( x) = 1
− 3
− 3
( x 2 + Bx + 4) 2 2( x 2 + Bx + 4) 2 2( x 2 + Bx + 4) 2
3[2 x3 + ( B + 6) x 2 + 3Bx](2 x + B)
+ 5
1A
4( x + Bx + 4)
2 2
17
∵ g "(0) =
8
2 [2(0) + 3][2(0) + B] 6(0) 2 + 2( B + 6)(0) + 3B
∴ 1
− 3
− 3
[0 + B(0) + 4]
2 2
2[0 + B(0) + 4]
2 2
2[0 + B (0) + 4] 2
2
3[2(0)3 + ( B + 6)(0) 2 + 3B(0)][2(0) + B ] 17

+ 5
= 1M
8
4[0 + B(0) + 4] 2
2
3B 3B 17
1− − =
16 16 8
3B 9
=−
8 8
B = −3 1A
(6)
Level 3
4E_C0191
1 − 32
Let y = x + x , where x > 0 . Prove that yy " + ( y ') = − x . 2
8
(4 marks)
Proof:
y = x+ x
1 1
= (x + x )2 2
−  1 −1 
1 1
1
y'= ( x + x 2 ) 2 1 + x 2 
2  2 
1 1 1
1 − −
= ( x + x ) (2 + x 2 )
2 2
1A
4
1 1
− 
1
1 −3  −
1
 1 1
− 
3
1 − 1  
y" = ( x + x 2 ) 2  − x 2  + (2 + x 2 )  − ( x + x 2 ) 2  1 + x 2   
4  2   2  2  
1  1 − 32 1
−
1
1 1
−
3
−
1

=  − x ( x + x ) − ( x + x ) (2 + x 2 ) 2 
2 2 2 2
4 2 4 
1 3 3 1 1
1 − − −
=− ( x + x 2 ) 2 [2 x 2 ( x + x 2 ) + (2 + x 2 )2 ]
16
1 3 1
1 − −
= − ( x + x 2 ) 2 (4 + 6 x 2 + 3 x −1 ) 1A
16
2
 1
1 1 1
−
3
−
1
−1  1 1
−
1
−
1

∴ yy " + ( y ') = ( x + x )  − ( x + x ) (4 + 6 x + 3 x )  +  ( x + x ) (2 + x 2 ) 
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
 16  4 
1 1 1 1
1 − 1 −
=− ( x + x 2 ) −1 (4 + 6 x 2 + 3 x −1 ) + ( x + x 2 ) −1 (4 + 4 x 2 + x −1 )
16 16
1 1
1 −
= − ( x + x 2 ) −1 (2 x 2 + 2 x −1 )
16
1 3 1
1 −
2 −1
= − ( x + x ) (2 x )( x + x 2 )
2
1M
16
1 − 32
=− x 1
8
(4)
4E_C0192
32 x +3
Let f ( x) = , where k is a constant. If f "(−1) = 12(ln 3) 2 − 6 , find k.
x + 2x + k
2
(5 marks)
Solution:
32 x +3
f ( x) =
x2 + 2 x + k
( x 2 + 2 x + k )(32 x +3 ln 3)(2) − (32 x +3 )(2 x + 2)
f '( x) =
( x2 + 2 x + k )2
(2 ln 3)32 x +3 2( x + 1)32 x +3
= 2 − 1A
x + 2 x + k ( x 2 + 2 x + k )2
 (2 ln 3)32 x +3 2( x + 1)32 x +3   ( x 2 + 2 x + k ) 2 [( x + 1)(32 x +3 ln 3)(2) + 32 x +3 ]
f "( x) = (2 ln 3)  2 − 2 2 
− 2 ⋅ 
 x + 2k + k ( x + 2 x + k )   ( x 2 + 2 x + k )4
( x + 1)32 x +3 [2( x 2 + 2 x + k )(2 x + 2)] 
− 
( x2 + 2 x + k )4 
4(ln 3)2 32 x +3 4(ln 3)( x + 1)32 x +3 4(ln 3)( x + 1)32 x +3 2(32 x +3 ) 8( x + 1)2 32 x +3
= − − − +
x2 + 2 x + k ( x2 + 2 x + k )2 ( x2 + 2 x + k )2 ( x 2 + 2 x + k ) 2 ( x 2 + 2 x + k )3
4(ln 3)2 32 x +3 8(ln 3)( x + 1)32 x +3 2(32 x +3 ) 8( x + 1) 2 32 x +3
= − − + 1A
x2 + 2 x + k ( x 2 + 2 x + k )2 ( x 2 + 2 x + k ) 2 ( x 2 + 2 x + k )3
∵ f "(−1) = 12(ln 3) 2 − 6
4(ln 3) 2 32( −1)+3 8(ln 3)(−1 + 1)32( −1)+3
∴ −
(−1)2 + 2(−1) + k [(−1) 2 + 2(−1) + k ]2
2[32( −1)+3 ] 8(−1 + 1) 2 32( −1) +3
− + = 12(ln 3)2 − 6 1M
[(−1) + 2(−1) + k ] [(−1) + 2(−1) + k ]
2 2 2 3
12(ln 3) 2 6
− = 12(ln 3) 2 − 6
−1 + k ( −1 + k ) 2
2(ln 3) 2 (−1 + k ) 2 − (−1 + k ) 2 − 2(ln 3)2 (−1 + k ) + 1 = 0

2(ln 3) 2 (−1 + k )[(−1 + k ) − 1] + 2k − k 2 = 0 1M
2(ln 3) 2 (k − 1)(k − 2) − k (k − 2) = 0
(k − 2)[2(ln 3) 2 (k − 1) − k ] = 0
(k − 2){[2(ln 3)2 − 1]k − 2(ln 3)2 } = 0
2(ln 3) 2
k = 2 or k = 1A
2(ln 3)2 − 1
(5)
4E_C0193
d
Let f ( x) be a differentiable function, where f '(2) = 2 and f "(2) = 3. Find the values of [ f ( x 2 + 1)]
dx
d2
and 2
[ f ( x 2 + 1)] when x = 1.
dx
(4 marks)
Solution:
d
[ f ( x 2 + 1)] = f '( x 2 + 1)(2 x)
dx
= 2 xf '( x 2 + 1) 1A
When x = 1 ,
d
[ f ( x 2 + 1)] = 2(1) f '(12 + 1)
dx
= 2 f '(2)
= 2(2)
=4 1A
d2 d
2
[ f ( x 2 + 1)] = [2 xf '( x 2 + 1)]
dx dx
= 2[ xf "( x 2 + 1)(2 x) + f '( x 2 + 1)(1)]
= 4 x 2 f "( x 2 + 1) + 2 f '( x 2 + 1) 1A
When x = 1 ,
d2
[ f ( x 2 + 1)] = 4(1) 2 f "(12 + 1) + 2 f '(12 + 1)
dx 2
= 4 f "(2) + 2 f '(2)
= 4(3) + 2(2)
= 16 1A
(4)

Exercise 4A: Level 1

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Exercise 4A: Level 1

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New Effective Learning Mathematics Module 1: Calculus and Statistics Question Bank Volume 1

Substitute a = 8 into (2),

= (3x)3 + C13 (3x)2 (2) + C23 (3x)(22 ) + 23

(a) Find f '( x ) .

12(4) 2 − 540(4) + 768

4(8a + 1)2 = (2a + 1) 2

∴ 12(0)3 − 9q (0) 2 + (2 p + 18)(0) − pq = −4 1M

Substitute (4) into (3),

following table, find h' ( 2) .

f (2) f '(2) g (2) g '(2)

(2 x 2 + 3)[ f '( x) g ( x) − f ( x) g '( x)] − 4 xf ( x) g ( x)

[2(2) 2 + 3][ f '(2) g (2) − f (2) g '(2)] − 4(2) f (2) g (2)

Differentiate y = x 2 x − 7 with respect to x.

−20 ± 202 − 4(12)(11)

find the values of A and B.

Differentiate y = 15 x with respect to x.

Substitute λ = −3 into (1),

(ii) a = Intercept on the vertical axis of the graph

b = Slope of the graph

(iii) From (b)(i) and (b)(ii),

2[2(−1) 4 − (−1)3 + 21(−1) 2 − 63(−1) + 441]

(a) Find the values of A and B.

f '( x) = e3 x (2 x) + ( x 2 + k )(e3 x )(6 x)

= [36 x 4 + 12(3k + 1) x 2 + 18 x 2 + 2(3k + 1)]e3 x

= [36 x 4 + 6(6k + 5) x 2 + 2(3k + 1)]e3 x

= [36 x 4 + 6(6k + 5) x 2 + 2(3k + 1) − 36 x 4 − 12(3k + 1) x 2 − 6 x 2 − 6k ]e3 x

ax3 (2ax 2 + 3) x3 (2ax 2 + 1) 1

ax 3 (2ax 2 + 3) + x3 (2ax 2 + 1) = 4 x3 (ax 2 + 1)

3[2(0)3 + ( B + 6)(0) 2 + 3B(0)][2(0) + B ] 17

2(ln 3) 2 (−1 + k ) 2 − (−1 + k ) 2 − 2(ln 3)2 (−1 + k ) + 1 = 0

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