Experiment No.

Objective:

To calibrate the bourden tube pressure guage by using standard dead weight.

Apparatus:

 Weight  Guage
 Plunger  Tube
 Piston  Water

Theory:

Bourden tube is a thin-walled flattened tube of elastic metal bent into a circular arc whose
application to certain pressure gauges and thermometers depends on the fact that increase the
pressure inside the tube tends to straighten it.

This instrument is widely used measuring the pressure of liquids and gases of all kinds
including steam, water and air upto pressure of 100,000 pounds per square inch. They are
used to increase medium to very high pressure.
Applications:

 It is used many hydraulic systems.

 It is used in foot pump to indicate pressure increased.

Units Conversion:

Pascal Bar Atmosoheric Torr Pound per

Units square inch

1 Pascal 1 N /m 2 10
−5
9.8692 ¿ 10
−6
9.5006 ×10
−3
0.000145

1 Bar 101325 1 0.9869 750.062 14.503

1 Torr 133.32 0.0013 0.0013 1 0.019

1 psi 6895 68 ×10

−3
68.046 ×10
−3
51.715 1

1 atm 101325 1.0132 1 760 14.96

Procedure:

 At first, we will empty the cylinder and remove the already present water in the cylinder
and make the apparatus clean.
 Then, we will add water in the cylinder till it comes to the top of the cylinder.
 Then, we with put the piston or plunger or platform in the cylinder.
 After putting the piston, then we will put the dead weight on the piston carefully.
 As soon as we put the weight on the piston, we will note the reading quickly because the
accurate reading will stay for only a moment.
 We will note the readings of guage pressure while loading & unloading.
 After taking readings, we will calculate the actual pressure.
 At last, we will find the errors.
Observaions & Calculation:

Total Mass Actual Increasing Pressure Decreasing Pressure

(kg) Pressure Gauge Reading Gauge Error Gauge Reading Gauge Error
(kN/m2)
1 31.14 30 1.14 29 2.14
2 62,28 60 2.28 62 0.28
3 93.42 80 13.42 85 8.42
4 124.57 110 14.57 110 14.57

F
P 1=
A

1× 9.81 2 2
¿ =31142.8 N /m =31.14 kN /m
0.000315

F
P 2=
A

2× 9.81 2 2
¿ =62285.71 N /m =6228 kN /m
0.000315

F
P 3=
A

3 × 9.81
¿ =93428.5 N /m2=93.42 kN /m2
0.000315

F
P4 =
A

4 ×9.81 2 2
¿ =124571.4 N /m =124.57 kN /m
0.000315
Conclusion: