St.

Thomas More School of Law and Business

Doctolero Avenu, Magugpo East, Tagum City, Davao Del Norte

FINAL EXAMINATION
ENG. 19
GENERAL INSTRUCTION:
 Read and understand the test instruction carefully.
 You will be given 60 minutes (1 hour) to finish this examination.
 Your file must be attached in the comment section where I posted the
examination.

TEST I. THINK BEYOND THE BOX

A. DIRECTION: Explain the following terms: (Complete the paragraph.)

1. Morphology
Morphology is the study of words, how they are formed, and their relationship to other
words in the same language. It analyzes the structure of words and parts of words such as stems,
root words, prefixes, and suffixes.
2. Affixes
An affix is a morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a new word or word form.
Affixes may be derivational, like English -ness and pre-, or inflectional, like English plural -s
and past tense -ed. They are bound morphemes by definition; prefixes and suffixes may be
separable affixes.
3. Morpheme-based Morphology
Morpheme-based morphology is a theory in which it is assumed that word
formation rules may operate over morphemes .This theory is an alternative to the theory of word-
based morphology. In the latter theory it is assumed that new words are formed by applying a
word formation rule to a single already existing word. Both the new word and the existing one
are members of major lexical categories.
4. Lexeme-based Morphology
Lexeme-based morphology is a basic abstract unit of meaning, a unit of morphological
analysis in linguistics that roughly corresponds to a set of forms taken by a single root word. For
example, in English, run, runs, ran and running are forms of the same lexeme, which can be
represented as RUN.
5. Word-based Morphology
 Word-based morphology is a hypothesis proposed in Aronoff (1976) which says that all
regular word-formation processes are word-based. A new word is formed by applying a regular
rule to a single already existing word. Both the new word and the existing one are members of
major lexical categories. This hypothesis entails the claim that  English words such as deceive,
receive and conceive are not formed by regular prefixation processes, since the base ceive is not
an existing word which belongs to a major lexical category.
6. Intonational Meaning
Intonation is the way the pitch of your voice goes up and down as you talk or reciting
something by singing it. An example of intonation is  the way your voice raises in pitch at the end
of a question. The three main patterns of intonation in English are:  falling intonation, rising
intonation and fall-rise intonation.

7. Morphological Meaning
Morphology is the study of the internal structure of words and forms a core part of
linguistic study today. The term morphology is Greek and is a makeup of morph- meaning
‘shape, form’, and -ology which means ‘the study of something’.
8. Lexical Meaning
Lexical meaning refers to the sense (or meaning) of a word (or lexeme) as it appears in a
dictionary. Contrast with grammatical meaning (or structural meaning). The branch of linguistics
that's concerned with the study of lexical meaning is called lexical semantics.
9. Syntactical Meaning
Syntactical meaning is relating to, or according to the rules of syntax or syntactics.

TEST II. DISTINCTIONS BETWEEN PHONOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGY

DIRECTION: Complete the diagram below. Identify its differences and similarities,

They are both morphology

phonology is the
engaged in the is the study of
study of different words, how they
sounds and the way scientific analysis of
languages. Both are formed, and
they come together these are sub their relationship
to form speech and branches of to other words in
words - such as the Linguistics and the same
language. It
comparison of the without studying
Phonology, one analyzes the
sounds of the two structure of
"p" sounds in "pop- cannot move on to
Morphology. There words and parts
up." of words such as
stems, root

TEST III. ENUMERATION

DIRECTION: Provide 5 examples of the following Morphological Phenomena:

1. Zero Allomorph

a. sheep
b. lawyer
c. deer
d. welcome
e. mister

2. Past Tense Marking Affixes

a. I developed the film.

b. My teacher marked my test paper.
c. The airplane landed successfully.
d. He dropped the letter on the mailbox.
e. She wanted to go home early.
3. Past Time Marking Affixes

a. I went to bed late yesterday.

b. I got up early today.
c. I was very tired this morning.
d. I fell asleep at my desk this afternoon.
e. I went to a party at the weekend.

4. Negative Marking Affixes

a. What he said was very impolite.

b. There was a misunderstanding about who should sign the contract.
c. The refugees also need non-food items such as tents and blankets. 
d. Too many people are homeless in this city.
e. We just have endless meetings at work – they’re so boring.

5. Gender marking Affixes: ess, ine

a. Actress
b. Stewardess
c. Waitress
d. Instructress
e. conductress

6. Actor Marking Affixes

a. conductor
b. chiropractor
c. abstractor
d. constructor
e. Director

7. Blending

a. workaholic
b. emoticon
c. staycation
d. sportscast
e. telegenic

8. Acronym

a. NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration

b. NBI – National Bureau of Investigation
c. BRB – Be Right Back
d. LOL – Laugh Out Loud
 e. DIY – Do It Yourself

9. Clipping

a. Ad – Advertise
b. Memo - Memorandum
c. Bike - Bicycle
d. Mic - Microphone
e. Math – Mathematics

10. Compounding

a. sunglasses
b. basketball
c. aircraft
d. homework
e. backfire

BONUS TEST. MORPHOLOGICAL TREE MAKING

DIRECTION: Make a morphological tree of the given words below. Use MS Word for your
morphological tree diagramming.

EXAMPLE:

1. Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis
2. Antidisestablishmentarianism
3. Pseudohypoparathyroidism
4. Floccinaucinihilipilification
5. Honorificabilitudinitatibus

adverb

adj verb

Affix adj

Noun Verb

Affix Affix affix

Pneumono ultra micro scop ic silico volcano coniosis

Adverb

Ajd affix
 Affix adj

Verb affix

Anti dis establish ment ari an ism

N affix
 Affix N

affix n

Affix n

Pseudo hypo para thyroid ism

“Thank you for being an amazing student and best wishes for your future.”

Prepared by:
GERRY G. PAJO JR., LPT