07-06-2021

07-JUNE-2021

The Hindu News Analysis – 07th June 2021 – Shankar IAS Academy
S. Page Number*
News Articles
No. C B D H T
1 Recognizing sex work as work (OPED) 7 7 7 7 7

2 Punjab, T.N. and Kerala top education index ranking 1, 8 1, 8 1, 8 1, 8 1, 8

3 Nepal Deputy PM stirs controversy with demand for ‘multi-nation state’ 11 11 11 11 11

Historical pathway between Golconda Fort, Qutb Shahi Tombs to be

4 - - - 3 -
restored
5 Ahead of summit with Putin, Biden backs European allies 11 11 11 11 11

6 ‘New rules only to check misuse of social media’ 1 1 1 1 1

7 Around 360 Mucormycosis surgeries in past 20 days - - - 2 -

8 Pro-Khalistan slogans at Golden Temple on Bluestar anniversary - - 4 - -

9 Prelims Practice Questions

@ end of the video
10 Mains Practice Question
*C – Chennai; B – Bengaluru; D – Delhi; H – Hyderabad; T – Thiruvananthapuram
 07-06-2021

Pg: 7 – C, B, T, H, D

Sex Workers
Part A—Preliminary Examination
Paper I - (200 marks) • Do not recognize sex work as a “Legitimate
 Current events of national and international work”.
importance.
• Nonrecognition keeps the sex workers outside the
Part B—Main Examination
ambit of government’s relief programmes.
PAPER-III
• Long-pending demand - decriminalize sex work
General Studies- II: Governance, Constitution,
Polity, Social Justice and International relations. and guarantee them a set of labor rights.

 Government policies and interventions for

development in various sectors and issues arising Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act
out of their design and implementation.
• Sex work is governed by Immoral Traffic
 Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the
(Prevention) Act.
population by the Centre and States and the
performance of these schemes; mechanisms, laws,  The Suppression of Immoral Traffic in Women
institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and Children Act - 1956.
and betterment of these vulnerable sections.
 07-06-2021

• Penalizes - keeping a brothel, soliciting in a public

• When it comes to the adults there are
place, living off the earnings of sex work and living
many consenting adult sex workers.
with or habitually being in the company of a sex
worker. • Act has not only criminalized sex work
but also further stigmatized it.
• Archaic and regressive
 More prone to violence,
 Sex work is morally wrong
discrimination and harassment.
 People involved in it, especially women, never
• Denies an individual their right over
consent to it voluntarily.
their bodies.
• Many believe that the entry into sex work is
• Imposes the will of the state over
involuntary, forced, and through deception.
adults articulating their life choices.
• We believe - women need to be “rescued” and
• No agency to the sex workers to fight
“rehabilitated”, sometimes even without their consent.
against the trafficker.
 Valid for minor girls.

• Act - Fails to recognize that many women Final Thoughts

willingly enter into agreements with traffickers,
• Recognize sex work as work and stop
just to seek a better life.
assigning morality to their work.
 Justice Verma Commission - there is a
• Right to earn by providing sexual services,
distinction between women who are
live with dignity and remain free from
trafficked for commercial sexual exploitation
violence, exploitation, stigma & discrimination.
and adult, consenting women who are in sex
work of their own volition. • Rethink sex work from a labour perspective.

• Society - sex work is “easy” work and women • Budhadev Karmaskar v. State of West Bengal
who do Practise sex work are morally devious.
 Supreme Court opined that sex workers

 Classification - ‘‘respectable women ” and have a right to dignity.

other one is “non-respectable women”. • Parliament - re-look at the existing legislation

 Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act - product and do away with ‘victim-rescue-rehabilitation’
of such prejudicial thinking. narrative.
 07-06-2021

Practice Question – Mains

GS – II
Q. Critically analyze the Immoral Traffic
(Prevention) Act.
(250 words, 15 marks)

Pg: 8 – C, B, T, H, D

Pg: 1 – C, B, T, H, D
 07-06-2021

Performance Grading Index (PGI) 2019-20

Part A—Preliminary Examination
Paper I - (200 marks) • Released by the Ministry of Education for States
 Current events of national and international and UTs - third publication.
importance.
• A set of 70 parameters - first published in 2019
 Indian Polity and Governance-Constitution, Political
System, Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights Issues, with reference year 2017-18.
etc.
• PGI evaluation provides grade to the States and
Part B—Main Examination
UTs - not ranking.
PAPER-III
General Studies- II: Governance, Constitution, Polity, • Significance:
Social Justice and International relations.
 Helps the States/UTs to pinpoint the gaps -
 Government policies and interventions for
prioritize areas for intervention.
development in various sectors and issues arising out
of their design and implementation.  States and UTs to undertake multi-pronged
 Issues relating to development and management of interventions to bring optimal education outcomes.
Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education,
Human Resources.  A good source of information for best practices
followed by States and UTs.

• Two categories: Outcomes and Governance

& Management.

 70 indicators with a total weightage

of 1000.

• States and UTs are assessed based on

their performance against the benchmark.

 Set by the Department of School

Education and Literacy.

• Outcomes: Based on Learning outcomes

and quality, Access, Infrastructure and
facilities etc.

• Governance & Management: based on

Governance processes. Source: https://www.education.gov.in/
 07-06-2021

Source: https://www.education.gov.in/

Important findings

• Punjab, Chandigarh, Tamil Nadu,

Andaman & Nicobar Islands and
Kerala occupy the highest grade
(Grade A++) for 2019-20.

• 33 States and UTs have improved

their total PGI score in 2019-20 as
compared to 2018-19.

• Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Arunachal

Pradesh, Manipur, Puducherry, Punjab
and Tamil Nadu - improved overall
PGI score by 10%

Source: https://www.education.gov.in/
 07-06-2021

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements regarding
the recently released Performance Grading
Index (PGI) 2019-20?
1. It is released by NITI Aayog based on a set
of 70 parameters to catalyse
transformational change in the field of
school education.
2. As per the Index, the states of Punjab,
Tamil Nadu and Kerala occupied the
highest grade for 2019-20
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Pg: 11 – C, D, B, T, H
 07-06-2021

Madhesi movement

• Madhes: the flat southern region of Nepal, the Terai.

• Madhesi: the indigenous inhabitants of Madhes.

• Madhes stretches from the east to the west along the

Nepalese-Indian border.

 It adjoins Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal.

• Madhesis - castes and ethnicity similar to Bihar and

eastern UP - frequent inter-marriages.

• Significance of Madhes:

 Comprises nearly 17 percent of Nepal’s area, home

to over 50% of its population.

 Hugely populated, highly fertile and has a

concentration of industries.
Source: https://indianexpress.com/

• Still neglected by successive Nepalese

governments.
2015 Nepal blockade
• Nepalese government treats Madhesis as
• India’s unhappiness over the Constitutional
outsiders - due to their Indian roots.
changes in Nepal.
• Frequent political demonstrations for greater
• Nepal accused India of favouring economic
autonomy and more representation in the
blockade and protests.
government.
• India’s position: Protests reflect the Nepal
• Political struggle of Madhesi: In 1960s the
government’s failure to accommodate the
question of Terai rights was raised.
demands of various ethnic groups.
• Since 2007 - emergence of aggressive and
vocal regional parties.

• Movements failed due to lack of unity among

different political groups in the region.
 07-06-2021

Previous Year Question – Prelims 2016

Q. Consider the following pairs:
Communities mentioned In the affairs of
in the news
1. Kurd Bangladesh
2. Madhesi Nepal
3. Rohingya Myanmar
Which of the pair(s) given above is/are
correctly matched?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 3 only

Pg: 3 – Hyderabad Edition

 07-06-2021

Golconda Fort

• Western part of Hyderabad city and is about

9 km from the Hussain Sagar Lake.

 Heart-shaped lake in Hyderabad, Telangana,

built by Ibrahim Quli Qutb Shah.

• Originally known as Mankal.

• Built on a hilltop by the Kakatiya dynasty.

• Originally a mud fort under the reign of

Kakatiya rulers.

• Fortified between 14th and 17th centuries by

Source: https://telanganatourism.gov.in/
the Bahmani Sultans and Qutub Shahi dynasty.

 Qutb Shahi dynasty - Golconda Sultanate in

south India from 1518 AD to 1687 AD.

• Inner Golconda fort - palaces, mosques and

hill top pavilion.

• Golla Konda - Shepherd’s Hill.

• After Kakatiya kings the Bahmani rulers took

possession of the place.

• Later the Qutub Shahi kings converted

Golconda fort into massive granite fort.

• Qutub Shahis reign ended - By Mughal

emperor Aurangzeb

 Intentionally left Golconda fort in ruins.

• Golconda - Mounted cannons, four Source:https://telanganatourism.gov.in/

drawbridges, eight gateways, and majestic

halls.
 07-06-2021

• Outermost enclosure - Fateh Darwaza

meaning Victory gate

 Fantastic acoustical effects.

• Fort - Impressive place among the

architectural marvels and heritage
structures of India.

Source:https://telanganatourism.gov.in/

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements:
1. The Golconda Fort was first built by
the rulers of the Kakatiya dynasty.
2. The Golconda Fort was originally built
as a mud fort and was later fortified
between 14th and 17th centuries.
Which of the above statements is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
 07-06-2021

Pg: 11 – C, B, T, H, D

New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty

(New START)
START I
• Signed in 2010 and entered into force in 2011
• Also known as the U.S.-Soviet Strategic Arms
Reduction Treaty. • Replaced START I and superseded the 2002
Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty (SORT).
• Signed in 1991 by U.S. President George H.W.
Bush and Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev. • Objective same as START I: verifiably
reducing U.S. and Russian strategic nuclear
• First treaty to provide for deep reductions of
arsenals.
U.S. and Russian strategic nuclear weapons.
• February 2021: Both agreed to extend New
• START I entered into force in 1994 and
START by five years - until Feb 2026.
expired in 2009.
• Both countries met the central limits of the
New START Treaty by February 2018.
 07-06-2021

• Limits under New START: • Information exchanged under the New START
Treaty:
 700 deployed intercontinental ballistic
missiles (ICBMs), deployed submarine-launched
ballistic missiles (SLBMs), and deployed heavy
bombers equipped for nuclear armaments.

 1,550 nuclear warheads on deployed ICBMs,

deployed SLBMs, and deployed heavy bombers
equipped for nuclear armaments.

• Implementation and verification of the limits:

 Provides for 18 on-site inspections per year

for U.S. and Russia.

 Each side must disclose how many warheads

are on each delivery vehicle.

Source: https://www.state.gov/

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. The Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty
(SORT), recently seen in news is related
to:
(a) The United States and Russia
(b) Israel and Jordan
(c) North Korea and South Korea
(d) Armenia and Azerbaijan
 07-06-2021

Pg: 1 – C, B, T, H, D

Aspects Covered

26th May 2021 HNA

• IT rules , 2021

• Part - II, Part - III

• Grievance officer

• Chief compliance officer

30th May 2021 HNA

• Issues with IT rules

• Traceability Issue
 07-06-2021

Aspects Covered

26th May 2021 HNA

• Mucormycosis

• Symptoms

• Causes

• Treatment

• Epidemic Diseases Act

 07-06-2021

Pg: 3 – Delhi Edition

Aspects Covered

13th February 2020 HNA

• Khalistan Movement
 07-06-2021

Practice Question – Prelims

Q1. Consider the following statements:
1. The Golconda Fort was first built by
the rulers of the Kakatiya dynasty.
2. The Golconda Fort was originally built
as a mud fort and was later fortified
between 14th and 17th centuries.
Which of the above statements is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
 07-06-2021

Practice Question – Prelims

Q2.Consider the following statements regarding
the recently released Performance Grading
Index (PGI) 2019-20?
1. It is released by NITI Aayog based on a set
of 70 parameters to catalyse
transformational change in the field of
school education.
2. As per the Index, the states of Punjab,
Tamil Nadu and Kerala occupied the
highest grade for 2019-20
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Previous Year Question – Prelims 2016

Q3. Consider the following pairs:
Communities mentioned In the affairs of
in the news
1. Kurd Bangladesh
2. Madhesi Nepal
3. Rohingya Myanmar
Which of the pair(s) given above is/are
correctly matched?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 3 only
 07-06-2021

Practice Question – Prelims

Q4.The Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty Answers
(SORT), recently seen in news is related Q1. Option (c) – Both 1 and 2
to:
Q2. Option (b) - 2 only
(a) The United States and Russia
Q3. Option (c) - 2 and 3 only
(b) Israel and Jordan
Q4. Option (a) - The United States and Russia
(c) North Korea and South Korea
(d) Armenia and Azerbaijan

Practice Question – Mains

GS – II
Q. Critically analyze the Immoral Traffic
(Prevention) Act.
(250 words, 15 marks)
07-06-2021