B 2 MICROSCOPIC & MACROSCOPIC

LA uctio
IDENTIFICATION OF YEASTS FROM FOOD
The macroscopic examination of yeasts can be observed by looking at the

rod

colonial morphology such as colors, texture, smell and distribution.

n
The microscopic examination can be observed by looking at the shape,

t
budding cells and ascospore.
n
i
Acid and gas production can also be observed through sugar fermentation tests.

to allow the students to make pure culture studies of some of the common yeasts
ctive found in food
s
Obje

to make isolates from naturally contaminated foods
to become familiar with staining and observing yeasts morphology

RIALS
MATE

microscope 10% glycerol methylene blue lactose maltose glucose sucrose

staining
Pure cultures on PDA plates:

potato dextrose glucose yeast

agar extract agar
Rhodotorula Candida Saccharomyces Pichia spp. Hansenula
gracilis utilis. cerevisiae capsulata.
HODS

MET

The cultural characteristics of the

given cultures on PDA cultures is
studied and the colonial morphology is
observed.

A heat fixed film is prepared and is covered with

methylene blue solution for 1 to 2 minutes. The excess
stain is run off and washed gently with water bottle. the
stained yeasts is examined using 40x microscope and oil
immersion respectively.

A loopful of the yeasts suspension provided into different sugar

broths is inoculated and incubated for 2 to 3 days at room
temperature and any acid or gas produced is observed.

A loopful of the food samples is

streaked on GYEA and PDA plates,
then they are incubated at room
temperature for 2 to 3 days and
will be microscopically observed
RESULTS

YEASTS COLOR BUDDING

TEXTURE SMELL DISTRIBUTION SHAPE ASCOSPORE
CELLS

LIKE SMALL
PALE SINGLE
SLIMY ROTTEN ELONGATED PRESENT PRESENT
YELLOW COLONY
BREAD ROUND

Pichia spp.

LIKE WELL- SMALL

WHITE SLIMY DISTRIBUTED ELONGATED PRESENT PRESENT
SPOILED
RICE COLONY OVAL
Hansenula
capsulate

LIKE SINGLE
WHITE SLIMY ROUND PRESENT PRESENT
WET COLONY
BREAD
Saccharomyces
cerevisiae

LIKE WELL-
PINKISH OVAL PRESENT PRESENT
SLIMY SPOILED DISTRIBUTED
ORANGE
RICE COLONY

Rhodotorula gracilis

LIKE
MILKY MOIST SINGLE
WET OVAL PRESENT PRESENT
WHITE COLONY
BREAD

Candida utilis
 YEASTS ACID PRODUCTION FROM SUGARS
GAS PRODUCTION
GLUCOSE LACTOSE MALTOSE SUCROSE

Saccharomyces BUBBLE PRODUCED

cerevisiae STRONG ACID LOW ACID MILD ACID LOW ACID IN MALTOSE AND
SUCROSE

Candida utilis BUBBLE PRODUCED

STRONG ACID LOW ACID LOW ACID MILD ACID
IN MALTOSE

Pichia spp. BUBBLE PRODUCED

STRONG ACID LOW ACID STRONG ACID MILD ACID
IN LACTOSE

Hansenula BUBBLE PRODUCED

capsulate MILD ACID LOW ACID MILD ACID STRONG ACID IN SUCROSE

BUBBLE PRODUCED
Rhodotorula gracilis STRONG ACID
LOW ACID MILD ACID LOW ACID IN MALTOSE

YEASTS COLOR BUDDING

TEXTURE SMELL DISTRIBUTION SHAPE ASCOSPORE
CELLS

PDA

MOIST
SINGLE SPHERICAL
WHITISH AND UNPLEASANT PRESENT PRESENT
COLONY SHAPED
SMOOTH

GYEA

MOIST SCREEN LARGE EGG

UNPLEASANT PRESENT PRESENT
YELLOWISH AND NUMBER OF SHAPED
SMOOTH COLONIES

LUSIO
C

CON

ISCUS
D

SION

In conclusion, we are able to make pure Spores that are observed in the yeasts is ascospore which is a

culture studies of some of the common type of fungi (Ascomycota group)

Yeasts that ferment sugar actively is Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
yeasts found in foods and able to identify
The cells in the yeast contribute poorly characterized pathway
the macroscopic and microscopic for sucrose utilization during fermentation that leads to active
morphology of the yeasts. transport of sugar through the plasma membrane.
The gas produced can be spotted from the production of bubbles
MEM resulting from the release of carbon dioxide.
BE

GYEA plates contains variety of minerals like sulphate and

ROUP

RS

phosphate that support growth of Lactobacilli and also metallic

NUR AFINA BT ANUARI
salts that are the source of ions needed for replication of lactic
G 2020453788 acid bacteria.
HAIFA HAZIRAH BT MD RUDIN
2020626906
ENCES
REFER

FARAH HANIS BT RAHMAT

Wikipedia contributors. (2021b, December 17). Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

2020891476 Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saccharomyces_cerevisiae
Wikipedia contributors. (2021a, December 5). Rhodotorula. Wikipedia.
PUTERI NORLYANA ARYANI BT MOHAMAD RAZEEF https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodotorula
Wikipedia contributors. (2021a, March 23). Pichia. Wikipedia.
2020824414 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pichia
Burndon, L. (2020, July 29). Culturing Yeast Lab [Video]. YouTube.
WILDANI ZAFIRAH BT OSMAN https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G6gg-dWuND8&feature=youtu.be
2020815752 Inspi, S. (2020, November 18). Yeast Fermentation Under the Microscope [Video].
YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7SQWnWwZM1E&feature=youtu.be