PRINCIPLES OF HOUSING AND ECONIMICS SESSIONAL -1

MIGRATION : MOVEMENT & LOCOMOTION OF PEOPLE FROM THEIR HOME TO ANOTHER CITY, STATE OR COUNTRY FOR A JOB,
SHELTER OR SOME OTHER REASONS
LEADING TO URBANIZATION TO CERTAIN AREAS

REGULATIVE LAWS FOR URBANIZATION

NEGATIVE –VE
ONE OF THE MAJOR ISSUES CONSTRICTING THE ADDITION OF HOMES IS A STRING OF ARCHAIC
• THE LOSS PEOPLE FROM RURAL AREAS, DECREASES OUTPUT AND DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS LAWS GOVERNING THE INDIAN HOUSING AND REAL ESTATE SECTOR

• THE INFLUX OF WORKERS IN URBAN AREAS INCREASES COMPETITION FOR THE JOB, HOUSES, SCHOOL FACILITIES ETC • THE INDIAN CONTRACTS ACT 1872

• HAVING LARGE POPULATION DEMANDS MORE ON NATURAL RESOURCES, AMENITIES AND SERVICES • THE TRANSFER OF PROPERTY ACT 1882

• MIGRATION CHANGES THE POPULATION OF A PLACEAND MAKES THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE POPULATION UNEVEN • THE REGISTRATION ACT 1908

URBAN LAND (CEILING AND REGULATION) ACT 1976 (ULCRA)

URBANIZATION : PROCESS OF SHIFT OF POPULATION FROM RURAL TO URBAN AREAS
LEADING TO INCREASING NUMBER OF PEOPLE THAT LIVE IN URBAN AREAS
IT RESULTS IN THE PHYSICAL GROWTH OF URBAN AREAS BOTH HORIZONTALLY AND VERTICALLY
URBAN + MIGRATION POSITIVE +VE
• HIGHER EDUCATION
WITH THE OBJECTIVE TO ALLEVIATE THE LAND CRISIS IN URBAN MARKETS AND REDUCE THE SOARING
PRICES. THE ACT HOLDS IMMENSE SIGNIFICANCE IN CITIES FACING PAUCITY OF LAND PARCELS AND
AIMS TO CURB ILLEGAL ACQUISITION AND EXPANSION BY THE OWNER AND AUTHORITIES
• THE “VACANT LAND” INCLUDES LAND NOT USED FOR AGRICULTURE PURPOSE. BUT EXCLUDES-
• LAND ON WHICH CONSTRUCTION OF A BUILDING IS NOT PERMITTED UNDER THE BUILDING
REGULATIONS

• ADVANCED HEALTHCARE FACILITIES • THE AREA WHERE THERE ARE BUILDING REGULATIONS AND THE LAND OCCUPIED BY ANY BUILDING
WHICH HAS BEEN CONSTRUCTED BEFORE, OR IS BEING CONSTRUCTED ON
• BETTER SANITATION

• EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES RENT CONTROL

• MODERNIZATION + INFRASTRUCTURE
•RENT CONTROL WAS INITIALLY INTRODUCED AS A TEMPORARY MEASURE TO PREVENT LANDLORDS
FROM EXPLOITING TENANTS AFTER WORLD WAR II. HOWEVER, THESE RENT CONTROL ACTS VIRTUALLY
• ACCESS TO RESOURCES
BECAME A PERMANENT FEATURE.
• BETTER - STANDARDS OF LIVING / QUALITY OF LIFE
•FURTHER, IN INDIA, AND IN CONTRAST TO OTHER COUNTRIES, IT IS FOR THE OWNER OF THE
PROPERTY TO PAY MUNICIPAL TAXES, RATHER THAN THE OCCUPIER.
• IMPROVES SOCIAL LIFE AND STRONGER BROTHERHOOD + COMMUNITY BONDING

• THE POPULATION DENSITY IS REDUCED AND THE BIRTH RATE DECREASES

PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT CONTROL REGULATIONS
• MUMBAI: THE PERMISSIBLE FSI VARIES FROM 1.0 TO 1.33 IN 90 % OF THE CITY THIS IS IN STARK
CONTRAST WITH OTHER MAJOR CITIES IN THE WORLD, WHERE THE FSI TYPICALLY RANGES BETWEEN
URBAN NEGATIVE –VE 0.5 AND 15.0.

• CONGESTION

• POVERTY

• ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS + POLLUTION

• THREATS TO FLORA & FAUNA

• LOSS OF URBAN TREE COVER

PHE
• HIGH DEMANDS FOR RESOURCES

ABHINAVA SEN 183701262 SEM-6 SEC-A