lS 12094 : 2000

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Indian Standard : '

GUIDELINES FOR PLANNING AND DESIGN OF

RIVER EMBANKMENTS (LEVEES)
( First Revision)

ICS 93,t60

Octobcr 2000
Price Group 3
 RiverTraining and Control \\trrks Sectional Committee,
WRD 22

FOREWORD
This Indian Standards (First Revision) was
adopted by the Bureau of Indian
Standards. a{rcr:he*Jr*fr fin,rrieetr
and Control works sectional commirt."
iirj$lt:"t"]:?ining had-b""n approred by rhewnrcr Riso*rcts

fi:.T:nTilil',iil1),H:J:"ff:1 :;;J:i*:H:"i:'ff:ilLft rbr the purpose orprore.,,es.4,jceen,

ioni-r nood
;ItX.:f i',L;:ff "tembankmen'o rs
"";;;iil;;#:T:T:1,i,:i1,1[TJ,lt;$;*;
This standard was first pubrished in r gg7.
In this revision technologicar changes
ofexperience gained over the last decade, and improvtrnenlr. a*r,Lrtrurr
have been incorporated.
subject' rhis stirndard has been prepared
il:ffii; i;:r':,T|ji:oll 'n" based on indigenous irarupra*iur-,r

For the purpose of deciding whether a particular

requirement of this standard is
observed or calculated' expressing the complied with, th". f,rn*l valur,
resulr of a resr
IS 2 :1960 'Rules for roundin-s off irumerical "a;;;ry;;:"riu,, o" rounded off in acconla.**
rounded off varue shourd be the same
values (revrsedr'. it numler of significant praccs rerain*ri inu.iri.r
" in thrs
as that of the specilied value rrrt:
standard.
 IS 12094:2000

GUIDELINES FOR PLANNINGAND DESIGN OF

RIVER EMBANKMENTS (LEVEES)
( First Revision )
1 SCOPE a) Predominantly agricultural areas, and
This standard covers planning and design of river t) Townships or areas having industrial or c,ther
crnbankments (levees) on dry land. vital instal.lations.

2 RIIFERENCES 3.1.2 Collectiott of Data

The fbllowing standards contain provisions which For preparation of a suitable flood protection schenre,
through ref'erence in this texr, constitute provisions ol' inforrnation on topography, characteristics, and
this standard. At the tirnc of publication, the editions hyclrology oftheriver, history ofpast floods and rvorks
indicated were valid. All standards are subject ro is necessary, The basic data required is as follows:
revision arrd paities to agreemenrs based on this n) Topograplry
standlrd are encoura-qed to investigate the possibility
of applying tlre rnost recent editions of the standards l) Index plan showing the area affected in the
indicated below: past (including lands, villages and property)
and the area likely to be irtfected in post-
/S No. Title project conditions.
7894: 1975 Code of practice for stability 2) Contoured survey plan of the area prone to
analysis of earth darns inundation.
8408 : l 994 Planning and design of groynes in 3) Plan showing past river courses.
alluvial river Guidelines (f,rsr 4 ) Plan of soil survev of the area where embank-
revisiotr)
- ments are proposed.
t0751 : 1994 Planning and design of guide 5) Plan and section of the flood protection works
banks tbr alluvial nver already existing or executed.
(first revision) - Cuidelines
6) Plan ofstructures likely to be affected due to
| 1.532 : 1995 Construction and maintenance of construption of embankment as a result of
river embankments (levees) increase in tlood level.
Guidef ines (first revisiort) -
b) River characteristics and hl,drology
12169: 1987 Criteria for design ol'srnall
errrbankment clanrs | ) Characteristics of the river whether alluvial,
incised, aggrading or degracling; meanderinr
3 PLANNING
or braided.
3.0 Gcneral 2) Qualitati ve and quantitative analysis ol
For plarrning of ernbanktnents thc lbllorving threc the silt of river at sites of proposed work or
ilspccts rrcccl to bc lookccl into: upstrearn.

ar 'fltc i.rrca to lrc pr<>tcctcd, 3) Nature of thc soil c'rl tlre bank and the betl ar
sitc of the proposed *,ork.
h1 Dcgrce of' pf()tcctron ro be provrtlccl. irncl
ci Aligrtnrcnt un(i sl)acing trl' ernhankrlcnt- -.l , Gau_cc ]qd dischlrgc dara ol, the nrairr
river tdd its tributaries, preferably ar sitcs ol
3. I r\rel to bc Protcctcd - qyXtbscd rvork or orltcrwise.upstrealli.

3. l.l Cltt rti.lir;utioti 5 r Recorded nraxinrurn t'lood clischarge. r,elocitr,

lt is rrccessurl, to know the irlportarrce of rlrc ur.cir rL) and levci.
bc protectu'd in orrlcr to determine thc dcgrce ol ' 6 t Sat'e carrying capacitv of the river (where wor k
grrrrtcction (.tec 3.2) to bc provided. At present, thcrc is proposed).
i.lIc two classilications rntde according to lrncl 7) Extent of rhe tlood spill ancl the qulntity ot
rrtilizntion clf thc arca as tlre spill to bc contr.olled.
-uivcn bclorv':
 lS 12094:2000
8) Cross-section and L_sections of the river
particularly in the reaches where works are
proposed.

9) Rainfall data fbr the basin tbr the pasr years.

c) History of past floods

A brief histo-ry of rhe pasr floods indicating
duration of floods, flood discharges and cor-
responding u,ater levels. stage of the river at which
the damage was most pronounced, extent
of

3.1.3 After determining rhe type of the area to be

protected and
, the
extent ofarea
ld be
decided upon. _cosr
ratio (B.C. rati

3.2 Degree of protection

3.3.2 Length of the Enfuankment

However, till such time as the details of all relevant

4 D_ES{GNOFEMBANKMENT
4.1 Types
Ernbankrrents cAn be classified into trvo types
3.3 Alignment and Spacing of Embankments as glven
below:
3.3.1 As far as possible. embanknrents
should hc, a) Hornogeneous Entl,tttttknrctrt_
aligned on the ridge of tlre natural banks
ol.rlre river.
It ionsists of
where Iand is high and soir suitable rbr
practically unitbrm rnaterial throughout.
the construction There
is no designed plan of rnaterial tJistribution
o1'ern han kmen ts. other
g

6) Zttrted Etttbortknrent_ It essenrialll consists

clf.
arr inner or rrnpervious section supported
by
t\\,o or rnorc outcr se,cIiorrs ol'relativcll,
3.3.1.1 Ernbankrnents should be aligned ltcrvious
so rnarerials (scc Fi-e.2).
that
f= IS 12094:2000

l=
l" NOT STEEPER THAN
TOP WIOTH 5.0 T0 5.5 m

i-
ir
LONGIIUDINAL DRAI

MINIMUM
t:2 0R l:3

\
FREE EOARO
1.5 m 0R t.8 m
DESIGN H

NOT STEEPER
F L

C0VER 0'6
lm
m
-J-2.-r
7-):.i'6 |
-aroPe lJ trg-
-f-
t
I
|
TH AN 1:2 T0 l:3

-_ tbv.- ; GL

BERM 1.5 m
BORROW PIT
(IF REOUIREOI LEVEL
0.3 m (AVERAGE )
( c0uNTRY St0El

F NOTES
I Regatding nltelrate dirnensions shou'n in the figure, refere to the vcrious clauses relating
to design aspects given in the standard.
2 The depth and distanee of borrow pits shall be as per the requirenrents given in lS I l-53.
3 Sprcing of cross-drains are as per IS 8237 'Code of practice of protgction of slope for
leservoi r enrbankrnents (f'ir.tt revisio n)'
4 Strio levei is shown as it is an ohvious feature of construction work

Ftc. I Tvptcru Cnoss-SesnoN oF HoMocENEous ET,TBANKMENT

mqx,WS EL
FREE
BOARO l--r.1 ]UR F

0.33m RIP RAP

15cm GRAoE0 FILTER> \i:#Ffr 1

Frc. 2 Typrc,r,t- Cnoss-S ecnol op Zoxro EvB AN KrvtENrs

shoulcl bc sal'c a-tainst cracks cluc to unecFrirl rnoisturc frecluencv anrlysis for the return period
contents irr dil'lbrcnt t'rarts arrcl urreclual settlernent (se c according to land utiljzation pattern of area
IS 7891 and IS l2 l(r9). (sae 3.2t Lrsi,ir-u standard statistical methods.

{.2 I)csisn HFL h ) \l'ltere Di,tc'lturgia tttttl (Juugc Dutct are Avuilctble
Corlcct ir(scssnre nt ol tlre HFI- is an irnportlnt rtcllt rn .ft,r a Shr,t t Periorl --:\ suitnble -r:auge dischlirgc
rclationslrip should I'irst be established. Thc'n a
thc r-lcsrgrr rll crrrtrrrrkrlcnt. A gcrrcral proL'llcrrr
rclationchip betr.r'cen storrn, rairrfall and pcak
cncourrte rcrl in ilcte rrtrinirrg HFL rs non-lvailabilitl,of
t'l rschar_c.'shoulci he cstablished t'nsed on the
rtclcclttlttc tlrttit. Dc1-.e pllin-s tln data, the approach to
drtn for the period l'ot rvhiclt diScharge data rs
dcLcrnrinc HFL is tlividerl into tlte l'ollorvin,g three
availablc. Utiliz-ing all irvlilable past raintall data,
catcgo r I cs:
a surtablu rciUl'n r)cri()(l Vttlue slrclulcl bc choscn
rr) ll/hcrc Lort.c.-Tcrrrr I)isc'harpt'urrcl Gtuga Duta , tirr desi_rn storm rarnf'irll rntcnsity. Lrrnd-usc ancl
ra At'uiluit lc
tr
- Firstly -qaugc disclrnrge
rclationshi;r should be established. Therr
nnture nf the area should also he taken rnto
considerutron to fincl out tlre design pcak flood
lvailahle clischlr_uc clata slrould be subjected to dischargc frorn tlre rainiall ._-___--=__--
peak clischargc
 lS 12094: 2000

relationship. The design flood level is to be 4.4 Top Width

obtained fronr gauge discharge relationship
already established. The design flood level so
obtained should be verified on the basis of
observed cross-sections, slopes and velocities
of the river in the recent years.
c) Where No Discharge and Gauge Data are
Available
- Synthetic unit hydrograph approach
should be used for estimating the desired return
period flood. For this purpose flood estimation
reporrs prepared by planning and Coordination
Comnrirtee and published by the Directorate of
Hydrology (Small Catchments), Cenrral Water
Commission, Nerv Delhi for the country as a whole
under the short-terrn plan and for each suh_zone
under long term plan may be used.
4.2.lln the case of embankment on both sides of river.
rise in the water level due to jacketting of the river
should be kept in view in detbrmining the design HFL.
4.3 Free lloard
The top of the embankment should be so-fixed thar
there is no danger of over-topping even with intense
wqve wash or any unexpected rise in the river levels
due to sudden change in the river course or shortenrng
of river course due to unforseeable causes.or
aggradation of river bed or ernbankment settlemenr.
The | \.
and t
theh
bvs
velocity, should be used as given below:
.:
For facilitating rransporr oi material du;ilii\_i
construction and nraintenance work, it is desirable tii:
make the top sutliciently widc to accomodate rwo.lani+,
vehicular traffic and to be used as inspection ,r:oacl.
The criteria given below may be considered as general
guideline tbr top u,iclth (see IS I 1532).
4.4.1 The top width of the embankmeirt should be of
The rurnin-s platfbrnrs, t5 ro 30m long ar,cl
1.9,".
3.0m wide with side slope t:3 along the countryside
of the embankment should he provided ar every
kilometrc (see Fig. 3).
4.4,2 The rop *,idtlr should be adequate tbr rhr: r1,pe
of vehicular trafl'ic designed to use the embankrnenr.
Clear berms ol' I m *,idth on either side sloping towarrrs
the outer edges of the ernbankment may be providerJ
tbr drainage. No \\.ater should be allowed io collect
over the embankmcnt at any stage. Suitably designecl
gutter-drains may he provided on hoth side slolles r.i
intervalsi
4.5 Hydraulic Gradient
It is always desirahle to know, approximately at leas..
the line of seepage in the cross-secrion of a p.ofdu"ei
embankment. This line should never be allov)ed t.-,
intersect the outside countryside slope of bank )iUove
GL and care should
be taken so that a cover of 0.{5 m is
available on HG line.
c
d
d

h* = 0.032 (Vnt' + 0]6 - 0.27 (nt!

where T1'pe of Fill Hydrauli<: Gradient
h- height of rvavt: liom trough to crest in metres. Clayey soil lin4
V= wrnd velocity in kilometres per hour, and Clayey sand tln)
F= ietch or straight length of rvater subject to wind Sandy soil lin6
action in kilornetres. 4.6 .S_rds$lope . .,
4.3.1 The lreight of thc rvave rs lneasured fronr trough The sidc slopes lre dependent upon thc nature of thc
to crest o1'the rvave but as the wavcs will travel up matcrial of which the embankrncnt is made, the rnetljrcJ
the
slopc of the ernbankrnent. /i*, ma1, be taken as heigltt of const/uction, the height of the crnbankment and tlrc
abovc the flood ler,cl. length of tinre that thc cmbanknre nt is likclt, to
'611;
subjected to the a;tion ol'llooci \\,lters. Thcr;shall
4.3.2 As a guideline. nrinrrrrum lice board ol. l.-5 nr
over also be stable a-cainst sliplling under condirions^i.i'
desigtr HFL including rhe back .rvatcr eftecr. il an1.
should be provided lrtr thc rir er carryiug clcsign saturation and sLrd,len drau,dor.r,n.(-scc IS 7g9_1; ', r.,
4.6.1 Rile r_S itlt--Slo1ry
,f :,
dischar_qe up to 3 000 rnr/s. For hi,chcr cli.schar-{es or ,
fbr ag-erading/tlashy river.s, the nrinirnur.n free ioard
The river sicle slope shtrul<J be flatte r than the,luncler
should be of 1.8 rn..'I'his should be checked also
tbr e nraterial used in the fill Up
ensuring a ntinimurn of alrout 1.0 nr of free boarcl
over t ot 4.-5 nr, the slope shr.lulcl
HFL corresponding to 1.00. years lieclucncy flood
(.see also 3.2\.
n 2 ancl in case- of hi*ghe r
ld not be sreepcr than I ip1'.3.
 lS 12094: 2000
,,
3m WIDE ANO t5 m TO 3Om
LONG TURNING PLATFORM
AI EVERY KILOMEIRE TOP WIDTH OF
E MBANKMENT

FREE BOARD
OE SIGN HF L
MINIMUM COVER

STRIP LEVEL
BORROW PIT
'( COUNTRY SIDE } BORROW PIT
I RIVE R SIDE I

Frc. 3 Typrcn l Cnoss-s ecrron SHowNc TunNlNc PLATFoRM

lvhen the soil is goocl and to be used in the most ,c) For embdnkments of height rnore than 6.0
lavourable conditi(,n ot' satuiitiiln ana OrawOownl nr.
detail design should be made.
a) In case of hi-eher etnbanktncnt protected by rrp_
4.6.2.1 For drainage, longitudinal drains should
rap, the slope of ernbanktnents ul) to 6 m high be
provided'on the berrn and
nlay be I in 2 or I in 2.5 depencling upon the c:ross drains at suitahle nlaces
should be provided to drain the water fronr the
typc ol' slope profcction;
longitudinal drains (sec IS 1075 l).
b) If the construcrion material is sandy, the slope
should be protected with a cover of 0.6 m thick 4.7 Sqfgly l\,Ieq!_ures in Design,
good soil; ancl
Structure should be stable under all stages of
c) It is usually pref'erable to havc more or less fiee construction and conditions of saturation onJdro*-
draining material on the river sicle to take care clf down. It is thcrefore necessary tlrar stability checks
sudden drau,dorvn. In case tbr vrrious conditions should bo donc to cnsurc sat.et1,
crnbankmcnt stonc rip_rap ot'the structure. Seismic fttrces.should
lrand placcd and concrctc alscl be
considered fbr high etnhankments. The lnctor clf satcrv
blocks witlr qpcn i,rrrrts ur.c aclopterl to nrorcct shoulcl be 1.3 ur greater. (see IS Tg9{).
thc crlbankrnurtt aluinst dr.au,clorvn nnd/or
erostve actron rrl-thc river (,rcc lS g40g); in lcss 4-.7.1 Srr/cr.t Again.rt Crucks Dtte,to L,t trerltral
lntpOrtnnt crnblrnkrncrrts rvlrcrc rip_ralt is cr,stl),. Settl(nrent urtd Wcttittt
s,illorv nti.lttfcrss ciin hc usetl.
Unccl ual scttlcrnents carr hc lar,rely rvoicjr:rJ
br,
4.6.2 Cottrttrl,.siti c Slupc pfcparing the foundations propcrl_r anc! ir_v sciecLinri
r\ tttinitnurn covcT ()l'0.(r 1i 6vrrr tIc [1,1[;111lis ;,,1.
suitublc rtratcrilrl for constructltrn. Whr:r.r: rnc
slrrrLrld bc providcd. l'oLr rrdation sojl is welk, suitnb)c slrcngrltt:rrrnr
ltteilsr.tt cs rrttr.r'. ['lc tfl kcn. Clilycr, scris,.,,,,,1,,,,,i,,,
l) Frrr c111 5'1'tknrcnt rrp to 4 -5 rn hcight. ritr
()rglnlc nulttcr or soils contairring (le cit\
cotultrysi(lc slrrpc slrotrlrl bc: I rrr I ll.,rnt tltc rtrn l.lg vcsrrllbici
rrP to tlrc [r()lll \!ltcru llrc covt,r over FIC lirrc rs
lnllttct sLtclt as rcntlrns ol'plnnts lncj roots shr)Lllcl i.rc
rc.; ce tld. \*'e l l grldcd h. rnogcncorrs rntrtcri
0.6 rn altcrr.rrhich a bcrrrt ol'surtllrlc r,vjdtlt. rlrtlr ul s .rc'l osi
su i trtr Ic fclr co nstruction. In cuse o f tl i t'l'icu lty in
tltc countrystrlc slopc ol' l:? l'rorn titc encl ol.tlrc -sctt in-s
lirll cluantities of
the sante mtterial, Tr,rnsql 59ct jon5 yrilh
t.rcrrr.r up to sr)und lc,,,cl. slroulcl bc
ltrovicletr: rrnpe rvlous c()re and a pervious casins lni.l), hc lrcloptcri
h) Fr.lr. crrrbanknttnts (-,1'hcight ltctu,ccn 4 _5 16_ L\ lrrgh entbankrncnts it is clcsiratrie ro mcciurrrrcaiir
6.0 rn, the corrcspr-rn.ling slopes rvith rcsytect to c()rnl)lct the earth fill in suitablc la1,cr.s rvif lr a v,rcw ro
4.6.2 (a) shoulcl bc i rn 3. Bcrrns shoulcl trc rrl achievc olltintum density with approprictc ntotsture
u.iiltir 1.5 rn nornrlllil-' contcnt. Breaking oi'big clods sllr:cially in clayey srrits
--
I
I
lS 12094:2000
is to be done and organic/vegetable matter separated
to salbguard against leakage/piping.
4.8 Sluices
Sluices with regulating arrangement should be
provided for countryside drainage. The size of.sluices
will depend upon the intensity of the raintall and the
catchrnent area to be draincd.
4.9 Treatmeht on Top of Embankments
An embankment should be provided u'ith suitahle
soling over filter for proper drainage. For
embankments protecting towns in industrial and
places ol'strategic importance, the necessity ol'
providing all weather road surfaces of 3 to 3.5 rn width
should be examined to ensure rnaintenance work fbr
reaclres which are not easily accessible.
4.10 In order to provide communication frorn one
side of embankment to the other, ramps at suitable
places should be provided as per requirement to
obviate su bsequent i nterference.
 lS 14262 t r9tj3

Indian Stanclarel
PLANNING AND DESIGI\ OF REVETMENT--
GUIDELINES
T SCOPD rvcight has to bc increased. 'Ihc lirniting vnluc
tbr , thc slope is the angle of rtrposc of mattrrirl
'rhis stirudard lays down the guidelincs for <lf sub-base. Correction factor l( for computing
planrring and design of rcvctrneltt used f<rr weight of stone on sloping face nray bc obtainctl
embankments and bank'protection works in from the following equation:
cirso r)[ alluvinl rivers and canals.
K -= y'l---( sinr?/ri"rTT
2 RIiI.IiRRNCT] s,herr:
:flre lnrliarr Standard .IS 8237 : 1985 Code of o[ bank slcpe with horizontsl.
practicc lbr protection of slope for reservoir
r,
- anglc
antl
embankmcnts ( frsl revisiott )' is a necessary d : anglc of reprrse of ntaterinl of protcctiol
udiunct to tlris staodard. wnlks.
3 GIJNERAL DESIGN FEATTJRBS Thus the wci-eht oI stonc tvnulcl be
3.1 Dry Revetnrent ,r/ 0.023 2.1 ., *(_Si&
ty !1:: _..
K__...
x ,.,a
_: 11, 1,.
Stone used in revctment for rivsr barrk protec-
tion is subjectcd to hydrodynamic drag and li[t \\tsight ol'stonc may also be calculiltcd usilrg
[t'rces. 'fhese dcstabilizing ibrces are expressed llrc rrcrrnrrgurph given in Fig. | 1 ,ree page3 l, '
irr tclrns t>f' vc.locity. troctivc t\rrce, etc. The For rivcr t raining works. sub.base is to 'rrc
stubilizing l'olccs ucting cotn- gradcrl (o r istahle slope rlerrcudins uptln the
ponent ol'subrnerg,ed wc clowtr-
onglc oI rcpose snd cohision ,jf banI riraterial
r.rartJ e:ornl'ronent ol'thc 6ntact
of the stones.
Wcigbt of thc stone.ou.horizontal bcd may bc
cxpresscd as:

w: o,ozs23
6._!a_1,
/,
where
f'l'.- weight of stone in kg,
Sa - specilic gravity of stone, and
3.4 Sizc of Stone
l/ - fficnD vclocity of watcr in m/s over
thc vertical uuder refcrcnce. Size of the stonc D. irray bc detcrrtrincd from
the followirrg relntionship:
The weight of stone rvorked out is the minimum
requircd. Use of bigher weight stones will be
based on the material availablc al site, easc of
D1 : 'V/T's'
0.124 n3
construction, factor of safety, ctc. .
w^cre
3.2 Effcct of Specilic Gravity I/ : rveiglit of stone in kg, and
In prnclicc, density of stonc could vory 56
- sy'ecific gruvity of stoncs.
fnrnr 2 000 to 3 300 Lglmr: The actunl density
rrf stonc ghoukl bc cletorrninc<l lor calcrrlirtinlg
the rvcight of stcrnc givcn in 3.t.
3.3 Eltect of Bank Slope and Angle of Rcposc
't'hc rvcight of stone cstimated for horizontal
hed rvould not be sufficielrt for same Velocitv on
tlre sloping bunk bccause onlv r:our1:onerri of
sell'-n'cilrlrr normal to tlre 5ltrpc ncts as a stabi-
lizitrg lrrrc:c, 'l'hcrelirrC, for rlnpirrg hnnkn, t hc
 !i

IS 14262: 1995

,1.5 'I'hickness of Protectlon Lryer
\linimum thickness of protcction hryer is..
lcquired ro witlrstaud thc iregative hcud Lreatcd
hy.. r'elocityt 'l1ris may be-deterrnined by thc
lirllrrrving relut ionshilt:
'r .- - .---l:'--
2g(.56..- l)
rvh crc
I - thickness of protection lal'er in m,
l' - velocity in m/s,
g : acceleration duc to gravity in E/sr, to
trnrl
.5r ," spccilic gruvity of storrss.
l
jrrr s.l'ery r)rrrposcs.' lwo r:ryers. o! stones 4.1 Sizes o[ rhe
nccording to thc sizc qbtained in 3.4. above
slroulrl bc provicled.
.{.6 Stones in Crates
Typical d-ry slone rr-vctment is shown in Fig. 2
orr page 5.
3.7 Elltor
A grndcd filtcr of 150 to 300 mm thickness con-
forming to lS tJ237 : 1985' should normallv be
provldcd belorv lht rcvelmr'r!i to preveflt fnilurc
by suukirrg itcti(,rt ol'Irigh vclocity llow.
Syrrtheticigcotextilc filter may be usetl frcrm the
point of-view of qu;rlity control and conveni-
ence.of Inying, The criteria frrr synthetic
is given in Annex A. A 150-mnr thick lilter sand
layer should be provided over thg filter fabric
prevent the lnechRnical rupture of the fabric.
lry revclnrcnl *lolrcs,
4 RnVE',I'NiltN't's lN IvtoR.rAR
erurs
-r rr'E stones

prcsence of- voids._Porosity io crates may be

rrnrkctl out by tlro formulsr-

r --0'086-4
c - o'24s
'" I -(o;)t't; -

tvh cre '

l)66 : qqsq diomcttii' of stones used in
r:rnte irr clrt,
Mass specific. gravilv .Sn, of cralcs rnay then be
rletr.rmined fronr the cquation:
Ssr:(l-e),S. 4.3Draintioles
Volum,e of the crate sbould be determined
usinB Sn,. . i'

Crates should be lairl with longer dirnerrsion

along the slope of the bank. The size'of the
mesh of cr&le should be smollcr than the
snrallcst stone in the crate. Thc mesh should
be doublc knotted. GI wire ofl minimum
dianreter 4 mm should be uscd for crates. Crate
runits may -be tied to each other. by 5 mrn GI
rlire as aclditional precaution.
'I f crates. are. p-rovidcd
in laycrs, each layer
shrruld l>c tied trr lower and upper tayei at
suitnble irrtcrvtls with 4 mm GI wiiri.
 lS ltl26!: 1i995
45

.,a |rl
tt
lri Ul

loT
-)
2sE
d
"rl
o
ti
a
,=
tots
LU

TETHICKNESS

V:VELOC1Ty W:rfiEtGHT C^OIAMETER

4Itit
,: 'l

- ^/;--H:l
I
'Y:Jm,s
,4, xa=f-r.
C-92J ?:r I
Exorcrt ot r
:lUP(::: I
t-r,rrl'!i; i /
of rcpocc : l0 dcgrcg
I
icBrilvity:265 D-(r'l?,r
U Yt'- J

)nr brnk sl(rnc and unglc of rcporc find flom uppcr diugram G0.l<.
cllco0nf line. il
.rlc l, on y linc corrclpondin,a lo I m/i.
,n o f rrnd cxtend to mcct P linc nt c.
atc (, oil S linc.
r rlr ond cxtcnd to nrecl lP linc rt .. Rcrit rhc itighl p-10 kt,
icnd/ cc !o m<t D lincrr/ Rcrd tbcttoncdlcmctcrrr D -O25 m.
.n d b rnd rrtcnd ro mcct T linc sr t, Rc.d tho lhlcknsr of pirehint ar f - 0.2j m,

;:.'jIIilli;.'i[:"l,i:J:ij$l:"$Jjll,"'l..T|'?ll$tiolk|(l)t-o.2Jh,tl,lhotthc|otc|thluIncriofp|tchintji0.Jom.
FJo. I NoloorllH roR Rlvrt Brxx pno.rrcttox lv SroNls
3

- -----t-
I

l--r--j'.

\ Iql{2f2; lels

\
s--I FFEE BOARO

!>
i

r-l
LWL 17
---li

-r

Frc. 2 Dny Prrcstr.tc wrrn ApnoN

WEEP PIPE WIT}I FILTER

JOINT OF PANEL WITH FILTER

.L rt"ti,i,rtlr,r r srrATA
Fto. 3 Prrcnrxc.a rx. Monrrn ryrr.n Tor Wrr.r,

i_iil
Fto. 4 FnoNt Vrlrv ol Panrl
 tE 1426? i t995

Dt == 0.473 ( elf )t/t

or Dr. - 1.33 ( qrl"f )r,r, 3rd
' . f * l'76.r/7
Whgre,, ,,ir,i;r:. 'r
Dr. - scour depth below HFL
in mr.,'1.,:
Q * tlisclrnrge in nrr/s,
g -, tlischlrgc per unit width in
nrr/s/ru,
.Jr - silt factor, and
u meter of river b r{
11 Yh:t firm- strata is nor available ar u
Illl,"^l"Ft" gep^th b"l?yJn..;i";r-;;;,
lectron in the form of sheet piles ,c pro_ Maxim
is-ilc,rrnmena- may bc for launching Bpr(:fr

ERODISLE STRATA

IJNERODIBLI.: STFATA

Ftc. 5 Tor Kry'''' '

BED PROFILE '

SCOUB

ut:h l\n(lFtt E
A'n t.:r't gcoun

Frc. 6 Tor pnorncr,toN wrrH ptt x ,r,nu Top

Kry
6

5.4 Shrct pilcs irle dilHcult to drive. Launching
rrpr'ou is, theretbre, preferrctl and generully
1r'rrvirlccl for tlry luhble rcvetments ( see
Fig. 2 ).
5.5 rlturlltl he lirirl rrl rtollttnl
l,rrrrrrrrlrirrg rrplotr
wu(cr I ill ttl tts low u lcvcl u$ ]cglul(r.
lcve
Ec(tn(trt\irnlly vlrrlllc, 'l'hcr fitorrcrr lrr l lrc rtlrrrlrr
rrltoulcl he rlcsigncd lrl Inrrrrclr uklrrg.tltr. tfollr' of
tlrc $t:orrl rrrrrl provlde u rtlorrg Lrycr tlrrtt rrrtty
p|cvcnt fuItlrcr scooping out of thc river bcd
nratcrial. Thc. siz.e and shap: of thc apt'on
depends on the siz,e of the stone, thickness of
the lsunchctl uprott, dcpth of scour arrrl slopc
of lnunchcd aprotr. Wcight and size of the stonc
fcrr launching apron should be dctermined as
in 3.3 and 3.4. Thickneqs of launching apron
should tle dctermined as in 3.5.
st()nes so calculated msy be provided in I
r,r,edgc shitpr.r ltaving rvidth of 1.5 D1, ( sec
Fig. 2 ) and averagc thickness T. 'l'hickness of
lr- ACTlvt
I r i tY I r
l'i"J,lS'S, -.r
Fro. 7 Upstnuy .rNo DowNsTRBAM KEy FoR IIBvBTMENT
l!$ 14262 : l9e5
the laid apron uray be kept 0,8 7'ncrr thc toe o{
ltrc revetmcnt and 1.2 Tnt Lhc river end.
$,? Filtcr as mcrrtioned in 3,7 shoulcl be provid-
ed bclow lnunching tpron.
0 ,lN(illOlllN0
d.l Propcr u.lchot is reclrrired I'or keepilrg tlrc
rcvcl||lc||t in plflcc rrnd ricIvlrrg thi tlisltcej
Iunctr(rn.
Upstreanr cdgc frorn rvlrerc the revetnrcnI
slorjs, should be sccurcd well to the adjoining
bank. Similarly, dorvnstrcflnl cdgc wlrc-re th;
pitching ends also need to be sccured well to
the adjoining bunk. Fqr this purpose, the
revetment should be properly anchored to the
ground at its two ends hy suitably extencling it
as may be required at site ( see Fig. 7 ),
Anchorrge is nlsrr required lo bc provirled ori
the top fol subnrerged baok ( sce Fig. 6 ). [f
thc top of bank is nbove HFL, tlrc re-vctment
should bc, raised above HFL with adequate
frce board, tlncler such situatir>n, nncht>ruge nr
tlre top is not rcquircd ( scc Fig. 2 ).
r
k.n
-.\s."
oowNS,Tr.tEAM
EXTF.NSION
lS 14262 : t995

( ,Clausc A.7,\
CRITERIA IIOR SIILECTION OF IIILT'OR,}'AI}RIC
Geotcxtile filtcrs muy bc rcconrmendctl becausc
of easc in instullstion and tt oirprorrn effcctive,
lrt of prbtection works,
dcpcnding on. the
may be used to select
ti'-. .i..{_. r

a) For granular.materiai cootaining 50 per- .:

ccnt or less lines by weight, the-folloriing '..,
rntio shoutd bc sarisfiedi t..;,

> 1.0
si
.-.-i...
In order to recluce the chancesof c)<tpd
ing, no labric should bc specified-fVittrl-n
ecluivRlent opcning . size- -Sifrallcr than

\oftk"t
 lS 84OB : 1994
qT{tTTq INiFfi

qfre ilfi$fi fr gfcr-rlu fit qlqilr frr fuoilrtq

qr,iqqff fsar;o -
(qqcr grttmw;

Indian Standard
PLANNING AND DESIGN OF GROYNES
IN ALLUVIAL RIVER - GUIDELINES
( First Revi,sion f

UDC 621.421-l 624'04

rft
cl

AUTHORISFD
cD-ROt\,t coPY

O BIS 1994

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

N,IANAK BHAVAN, 9 DAHADUIT SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHT IIOOO2

price Group 4

Fj;i--- :
 Rivcr Training and Gontror works
scctionar committee, RvD
22

FOREWORD
This l_ndian Scandard ( First Revision
)

lr:'tl*\1#ft 'i$iil,'t'.",?;;:i'":i,#,1::"n"1,il*.1;of::,o,lr
"*:i*i*l;i#aHffi
erseto the rive r flow and extend
and bank prorection. from the bank int<

For highly capital intensivc protectivc

tures luch as bridges' barrages,
*lt}^t-o:-qroynes.roca,ig,:l
*'t"r int"t es, eti, ii i, a.ril"-ore to ,_h" upr,r.um. of imporranr str.trc-
carry out rnoder
studies.

rf

I
 tS Et08:'1994

Indian Standard
PLANNING AND DESIGN OF GROYNBS
IN ALLUVIAL RIVER - GUIDBLINBS
( First Revision )
I SCOPE d) Improving the depths for navigation pur-
Pose.
This standard covcrs the planning and 'design of
groynes ( spurs ) in alluvial river' t.3 Glassiffcation of Groynes
2 REFERENCES These can be'.classified as follows, accotding'to:
The following Indian Standards arc necessary a)' Tbc methods and materials of construction,
adjuncts to this standard: namely permeable, impcrmeable and slot-
IS ivo. Titlc ted; ]

4{ r0 Gloss4lY of
tcrrns rclating to b) Hcight of groyne with rcspect to water
(Part3) : lgBB river valley Projects: Part 3 levcl, namcly submergcd, non-submergcd
River and' rivcr training (irsl and sloping ( partially submerged );
tcpision | c) Action, namcly deflecting, attracting anjd
8237 : l9B5 Code of Practice for Protection rcpelling ( sca Fig. | ) ( sce {.1.1 also );
of slope for rcservoir e mbank' arrd
ment (y'rsf reoision )
. d) Spccial shapcs, namcly tl--hcadcd, hocke|
type or Burma type, kinked type, etc ( sec
3 TERMINOLOGY Fig. I ).
For thc purposc of this standard,. thc tcrms t.3.1 Impermeablc or solid groynes are construc-
dcfined in'IS 4410 ( Part 3 ) : l9B8 shall apply, ted with carth or rocLfill. Nosc and adjlcent
shank portion are protcctcd by hcavy materials
4 GENERAL DESTGN FEATURES like stoncs, stoncs or boulders in cratcs or ceEen(
4.1 Alignment concretc blocks, The groynes may be dcsigncd t,l
attract or deflect tlre Bow and guide it along l
Groynes may be aligned either n<lrmal to the desired course.
dominant {lorv direction or at an angle pointing
upstream or downstream. {.3.2 In case ofdeep and narrow rivcrs orrivc'*
cdrrying cpnsiderablc suspcndcd sedirncnt, pcr -
meable groynes are prcferred. These groynes oller
flexibility in ,conetruction and, maintcnance and
any alternatlon, if required, at a later stage is
possiblc. These groynes causc partial obstri.rction
to flow and prornote deposition of se diment as the
florv is rctarded. Common construction material
is known as. attracting.groyne. for permeable groynes are ballies, trees, banrboos,
4.2 Fuoctions of GroYnes ctc. Following typcs of permcable grcyn.:s arc
generally in use ( sce Fig. 2 ):
4.2.1 Groynes serve one or more of ttrc follorving a) Pile groynes,
lirnctions:
b) Tree groyne$, and
a) 'Iraining the river along the desire d coul'se
to reduce the concentration of flow at the c) Porcultio e groynes.
point of altack,
b) Protecting thc bank by kceping the flow
away fiom it,
c) Cleating a slack flors rvith thc object of
silting up the area in the vicinitv oI the
river bank, and

1
 IS 8t08 | t99t

FIOL..
/-SCOUR HOLE

HOL E

IA ATTRACTING
GROYNE
I B DEFLECTING
GROYNE

1C RE PELLING
G ROY NE

1D T- HEADED IE HOCKEY OR BURMA

GROYNE GROYNE

IF ROYNE

Fro. I Types or GnoyruEs

5 DESIGN OF GROYNE
5.I The design discharge for the gro),ne
bc equal to that for wDrch any should
proximity is designed o, so y.ir structure in close
ii"iJ".,Jf,i"r,.r..
is higher. Aa.p
width
5.2 Lcngth of Groyne
Le
ot .!c on thc basis
'dccjd{
the bank. Length should
no
,.keep ihe scour 5.3 Top Level
u,_r:9 ,o
ho of Groyue
rhus a_ssumins angre g, ,:J',"X: Ji:lJi;
H,: IV and anticiiateo maximum depth ,t^l!
b.elorv-bcd be ,ds'', the t.;ilii-;;;t["'trl'of scour
than 2.5 ds. Shoit length- nray lona ,no..
i,, rr"nf.
o.id . 0""'i,t,-.-'''nr.,r,.
gro)ne due .lpll..l-^
::::i::,1.1 to-eddies forme<t;t
other hand too lons d srovne ;na,, i;;;;: on ,r,.
.,^^-. iaii:ir.
rct ute
ck on 5,t Top Width
*.., ruu rrrgu .r_{llucrerrtiall+cad ar LNC
AL rhe
_:-:
grcyne, across the
of
,.\, IJrr."rgih grovne shoutrt be 3 to 6 rn as
 IS 8{08 r l99l

STRINGER

IER MINA SLOPE l:3

l* a.s-4
tTal
3.9 m t.5 m i'f:l
MIN. DE PIH
JPL R€OO

TRENCH Fi LL /o,,.-."*-
l_! m
it2
tl
ti IL
qUARRY RUN SIONE
sToNE Fl LL PILE SPUS
PERMEABLE lYPE

\d, PI L E G RO Y N E

IAKES ? 0 Cm Ol A
EU>
PAlllES lS Cm

slRUf s I Scm fEZ-OIm-

ORIVEN l.5m 8€L0w
GROUND L€VEL
r\_
8ED
ql.sm
,-IREE5 IIEO IO PEGS

(b) T R E E G RO Y N E

eAM800S 7S mm
rNotA3TOSm

GANKLINE

(C)PORCiJPINE GROYNE
BOULDCRS IN
PORCIJPINE
WIRE CRATE

ONE UNIT OF PCRCUPIN€ LOOl.ING

FROM EANK
Irro. 2 'I'r,pns or Pr:nue.\sue GnoyNrs
/
t IS E{08: t99{

5.5 Fr.eebolrd
'r'
- V!
t- |I*.|@la
above ,of L,?,1;s=,g shouid be provided
thc dcsignT6oc revet.
I:-
- rtTq=TI
5.6 Sidc Slopes where
Slopes of thc sides a Z:velocityinnr/s, ,,1j
',"i""ltur"lT,iirl!il,,ru".ii,f Z : thicknes in m, and
ll[i,,:;il.f "H:
& : speciEc gravity of stones.
5.7 Size of Stone for pitching
Thc weight of thc
surrace to withstand :g^l:, required _on sloping
"ciio.,1i iow rnav
ff ff ,H1"!:0, .u "
.s th.e,rosi-v9-
e rotr o;;i: ll
i.i.",ri'i, r' ril
5.9 Launcbing Apron
w:=ffi{fuvu 5.9.1 ,Siec oJ Stone
where
sint 01] , concretc hlocks,
lr-[, cao be determincd
L sin'dJ'
It - weight of stone in kg, for different portions cf
Sr : specificgravity of st;es. grven in Table l.
C- angle of rleo.se of protcction
Eaterial,
Table I Depth of Scour
d: angl€ of sloping bank,
and
Z- velocity in m/s. 8l No. Locetlon
*ir1ni?t"""-'
speci- Adoptcd
( r)
to be r)
(2)
(3), i
I

The Nose
ii) traD3itioD froD Dose 2'0 D to 9.5 D
givcn
cualt. aad first 30 to 1.5 D
qr to
vv tll uPstreartr
e:02i5 + _99!g_ iii) *iX:j$,.60 a io up-
( uEo )o r,0 D
wfrere 't iv) Transiriou from uose
soank. and 6rst to t',0 D
Dn : mean diarneter of s(ones 15 to
ou m tn dowDstream
in millimete.s. Used in crate
wbere
Ihe openings in wire-nct used
[o',-T li: e"r
r ne mass
t h^an,l:.
:I ^rotF:l-_
specific *.lli.1t
lo.
i;; "rut.,
"i ;;;
should
e uc e d, ' - il; Sr't tl" :l'"1'": i.o I ffi H rr! erti o, at e d u si n s
n'orked out
tt,. IroieJlion ."r, o. D -0,473[elJ)ttl
using f6ltowing
."I;di;;;il;.,'
where
Sm-(l-a)S" _ disc[args io cum/gsc,
,
J? _siltfactor
.116
,
_
l;ily_1;^where d ir tr,e mean
ot rrver bed
*il,,.r". nraterial jn
#ffi.tft,lfittatge.iDte'siry is lnowo, foIlowing rorrnrrIa

5.8 Thickness of pitching D: 1.33 [ qrlf )tta

where
g - jntensity of discharge in cumlsec/m.

5.9,3 Thickncss
Therhickness of the
zc to 50 perccnr *"r.lllltlJlq, 3P.on shou.lc{ ue
iog on rlJpl"ru;t:s'i."an the thickness
"rpi;;:
 'IVINOZIUOH HIIM 3]9NV
S:3U930 NI
?'.JgBKR99ao ;
gR
?tb
',: R !
ftl
Ell
€eR
x.:!
f.4
t4

*tY E I
6-f
.i*
g
t
I t" !'.888
-/- ci
q
o
;. 3i
'$ i,i:iil
tr Ir:itla
i ti !;!!E;i
E
2;
F
Ui

'
ir!! rl !iXi ii
G

r:j rb ni di.i ci - 5
01 ri
; \ o! ai
+ I

o
N
:rJi.r-Hfn 01 -tvrNozruoH ) sf dols f,ors
q .q--- --1 g e { 6t
Hii!iilii+ ii A
I
z
-ooaodcioo Y /.
F.

E
lt)
u'l N a'. a (o N z
N
I I'p, J-
ci -9 I!
I
q (o q !
o o o
o,
I
c
,o
I.
ul qq I
c\ NF
o
-
@ r-8 I
Fo @ ".
o
N
8io
FOV ct d
o

h
I

It
t3I
t, -
Il

., sr,ii
t3!ii
 . |+{

C)
F]
h
Cg

o
-o
, F,!

a
'c)
b0
,.\ '

,v)
i

kcs
'o
|.l
cg
a'
(€
(.''!
F

bo
t-i

O
r*r
H

v)
4
 I$ 8{08: 1994

5.9.1 Slopc of Apton AJtn Launching

determincd in 5.9.2 and sloPes'

5.9.5 Shape and Si<e oJ Launching Apron

5.10 Flltcrs
gradcd hlter
A graded generally
6lter generall y sp^e:ilinglJr;
sPeclrylng t_n_e stanuaru
_ ltan$a,rd
criieria confor.iing to- lS-8237 : 19!5 should b.e
provided below tL" protection. The filter i5
rLow
{
30 I0 l*-
c
30 TO 60m 30lO Dom {5m STON€ PITCHING
( 1 tHrcx )

STONE PIICHINO
(r rHrcK)ovER
GRADED FILTER

3TOEm SIONE PIICHINO

qr. rnrck )
sLoPE 2rl LAUNCHING APROII
FY l.zs r) t5TTflJCX
IIO P ITCHING STONE PITCHING 1.OD
0.3 m IHICK

PLAN

STONE PITCHING
(T THIGK)
3T0 FILTER ?0 TO 30 cm

0 IO 1.5 m FREE EOARD

:g
/"'ol.L.--r

FILTER HFL
1.5 D mrr

BEO I{ATERIAL FILL

LAUNCHING APRON.STON€ IH
WIRE CRAIES OR CEMENI CONCREIE t.25 T0
BLOCKS IN T\I'O TAYERS

ENLARGED SECTION XX

0'3 m IHICK
SIONE PITCHING
3 I0 6m 10 l'5 m FREE
[l
ER BE O
RIV
I{ATERIAL FILL

FrLT51'2sr

t'0 o fn or
L AUNCHING APRON-SION€ IN
WIRE CRATES OR CEI.lENT CONCREIE
ELOCKS IN TWO LAYERS
ENLARGED SECTION YV \

Fro, 4 Tvprcar Destox ori GeovnBs

 ,.
,,
IS 8{08 ! 1994

slope as well as synthetic 6lter is given in Anncx A. A l5 cm thick

f synthetic filter sand laycr should bc providcd on the filter to
of quality con- prevent thc mechanical rupture of the fabric by
Thc critcria for armourcd laycr,

ANNEX A
I Clausc 5.10 )
CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF FILTER FABRIC
a) For granular matcriai containing 50 percent
or less fines by weight, the following ratio
should bc satisfiedl
85 percent passingsize of bed rygtg11{Clm)
> r'o
In order to reduce the chanccs of clogging,
no fabric should be specified- with an
cquivalent opening size smaller than 0'149
mm. Thus thc equivalent opening size of
fabric should not bc smallcr than 0'149 mm
and should be equal to or less than 85
pcrccnt passing size of bed matcrial,
For bed material containing at least 50
pcrccnt but not more than 81 percent fines
by weight, the equivalent opening size of
filter should not be smaller than 0,149 mm
and should not be larger than 0 2ll mm,
c) For bgd matcrial containing 85 pcrccnt or
Eore,bf particlcs finer than 0'074 mm, it
is suggested that use of non-wovcn geofabric
filter having opening size compatible to
the equivalent values givcn in (a) above
may bc used.
 r
vqqqqR
dr.
iii t:

' t'" t'

GOVERNMENT OF^ BIEAR -' .

IRRIGATION DEPARTMENT. ...:

',1:'i."', :,

GENERAT SPECIFICATIONS
.:'{4

"\+

.,tr'

t _. .;tn

.,,-r'1L;.,S,1_
' :,i;;l

;
 ,:.

GOYEBNHEXT OT
'IHAR'
TNSTCTTIOX DEPIIIIT MENT.

.r;, 1 \

Oolrrotroxs ro Glxrnel SProttlortlorc'

Trge 3-(o) Io sirth line read l" lot l''

Koott " to' " Kurll "'
(b). touttb line ol parr (14) (c) reail "
h
plttro glare " /or " platr glr| ''
(c) Iu firet line of para' (15) (2) '"o6 "
ground " lo1 " tound "'
Page 4-In seoon'l linc of pala' (15) (S) teoil "
Iine of pnra' (l) uoder tbc ceptioo'(b) couueto rood " volume "
Page 9-Iu aeoond
tof " Yuuo
Benclcd "'
Page 12-(o) In eightb lina reoil " boy'ndetl " lor "'
(b) In nintb linc r'eod " bu! " for 'r bcut "'
Page 16-Io twclfth lisc
retit " I"P " for,'t top "'
NorsrB-6.
tbe teble " Doot anal Wiudow flttingr
" Jatil " ilngr " for
Page 31-In colunn 9 of
. ., 11186. ,
Nurrrl-?.
" "'
Prgc 83:-Iu fitbh line ol para' I
retil " Sbreases lo' " trccaco

Pag€34-(a)Infiftblinereod..thcir,,/orrltbem''.
they jtrnleil "
(b) to nintb line reod " bcing groutcd " lo"'

[Price-3 Pio']
BBP (Ingn.) 6-II- 1,100
-r?'6'1967-JM
3
q
t ,{I
6
OONTENTS.
ET
r! Pr,os.
D 'Q GIINERAIF-:
(1) Selection ancl Examination of sites I
€
Y (2) Drawing antl specification .1
# (3) Order Book I
(4) Claim Book
B iI) SPECIFICATION OX' MATERIAIJS_
I

F (1) First Class Bricke t

q
v
(2) Second Class Bricks

.(3) Third
:Class Bricks
I
1
FA (4) Sun dried Brickg 2

F (5) Jhama
(6) Bats
2.
o
(7) Surkhi
;P' o.

It
J
(8) Sand and. fine aggregate
(9) Kankar and ghooting'lime t
2
o

ID (10) Stone lime 2

b (11) Cement
(12) Brick Ballast or Khoa
!

p (13) Nurria tiles

'I
3
.3

E
\
(14) Wooil workr
(15) Glazing 3
o

HD (16) ][i]d eteel

i ':'1', 4

3 (17) Coal-tar
(18) Paintg antl varnish
"a: ,:,j , )..
o
i)

F IIII) SJTES-
(1) Preparation .o
tu
a (2) Completion
;i! :'{
D

€ (3) Acceesories

woRKs- . ],
b [\r) sPrrcrFrcATroN oF
(-r)EentswoRK-
' ." ,'
_
i:

F / (2) Eo,th'**n
in
(1) Earthwork excavation in trenches
.;; " :". ' : :.:
b ';il;;;;.;;;
(3) Earth work in embankment. or canals ',.,.,,,
.]:..
i
+
6
(4) Turfing 1,, . ..;.;" : i: ',i..,,-r,!
._. I

b .
(5) Earth.work in founclation oJ locks vreirs, etc"
(.u).CoNcnETF- ..
t,,. ; i! i..
;,...'.. 1,r: ..jit,.r
I

F (1) Lime conciete , ..i ,. :,

b
\
(2) Cement concrete,
(cl GsNpnaL Bnrcr Mesovny-
-. ... ,.:. ..,i I tll..
1,.. ,
,.,, .:,]
10

..:.r ':.,, i: i... I

"e {1) {'int.Class Brick work iu lime mortar. ... tt

5
b'
qD
-\
.e
te
-/-
 u

(2) Brick. work in Peor.

cemiut mortar
(3) Second Claee Brick 12
work in lime morter
(4) Brict work in mud J2
mortar . ...
(5) Arch miisonry 1S
(6) Stone inasonr-y L2
;..
(T) I_nying , ...
.
T2
(n) Pr,esrnn- 72
(1) Sand ancl lime plaerer
(2) Cement plastei t4
(3) Surkhee beaten plister l4
(4) Ceiling plaster 16
.l-.-

to, rugetting 15
.(6) Mud plbster l5 nI
(s) PbrNrrNs-- 15
(1) General .

(2) x'lugh ,p.ointing t6

(3) Ruled ,iroiuting 16
(r) SunpeoB w?tssrilG_ 16

fi) Wbite'*aehing
(2) Colour waeh 16
-(3)
Distexiijer t6
(q) "Roors* 16
'(1) Flat ,tbrracecl
roof
t7
18

19
19

20w
,24
''(1) Brick.on:edge
over a briok.flat
(2) Artificiat stone
floor n
(8) Colourecl doorg :vI
of Artificiol stone
(4)'Marbie floor
..;
.:.
n
(5) Cemeni plester door
s!
(6) Granolithic floor
38
(r) Wooo wolx_
98:
(1) Genercl
(2) Doore ancl '
wiadows
(r/ Snnuaruriel Sts& .Wonr_
(1) Material
(2)
'- I
Gbneral " 32
(3) ,Ioiutr "i ';i 83
(4) Rivetting
03
33
tn
r (5) Fielit connectioua
PeoB.
38
b (6) Aseembling 'oo

t (7) Lraying out of Trurres 83

t (8) Ererction of Trusses

(9) Extentling existing steel rvork
33

I (x) DBconetroN wonKj

(1) Painting antl engrndllinB .., -34
s4

!' (2) War polisbing .., 35

(3) Oiling and pieserving wooil work
36
(4) Varnishing
$6
(r.) WBlr, Srxnxe
' (1) Generol
87
(2) Well curbs
89
(u) Pr,r Dnrvrxc- ': i-:

tl (1) General
(:v) Bl,lsrrNo
39
40
(o) B,rren wonx

I 43
a

(p) Dnlnreor
4+
(o) FurcrNo
I (n) Werm Pnoornco
44
44

t 4...

)
\
,
F
t
i
l
t
)I
i

T
 .,iir

(I) GENERAL.
L. Selection and' enorni'nnti'on ol

of the Executiye Engineer'

urther claims uP-to-date ii

cpirys for the month ot
Drr.....,,.-...-......i.','.
dJ
1o
iC will be understood that
:l
Sd'.,.,...;'.'.." r' - :
the contractor has no
ubmitted to the lhe !5th,i
bY them
il
of T"-in"
; "r"i-t
Y the 25th for
. fTI\ " SPECIFICATION OF MATERIALS "'
\:_/

e\Sec.ond,closs'-shouldbeofthes.apequalityasfirstclaspbricksbut
such sharp
oot li'*i"i'";;atil;p'"io"-*itt' "r:1;,r, burnr bur bhgy. qq;t
Overbqfdt and distorted hrxr't{s
biicks silqlt on io aocounb lie

ize }f;" x4t" x22"

"

4
 (t) Fu, o,if*:i1,f:
provided for wirhout tr'' _-sh,,, ""1i" $:tjl::l_work_unless
*Jd3" #1"",
"i rd-biiioiiii ,ogro..".specifcany
jhama bricks shalt be
*un(uJrrr!!K;#,"#:d over burnr, of fair shape

shapcless overburnu or.virrified

*.".,{3,],r1ffif,1ll:f,:Sists-9f
The poious o, upoogy:o";i.t];-i. jieilil
bricks which
and shail oo, ul3.ll.p.. ilfih-t,

Sdnd if
used.in.R. B. or R,. C.
In R. B. or R..
.C. ryo1ks and in first c
Kiul or similar variety floors_Sone,
or
may be used for magonry "rr""*Jri.'" .rna
*;t1..ffiintu.. Incal. s;i

Cement shall be dry and free from any sigqg

9f eaking.
 . 3.
:(12) Brick ballast or lihoa:JShall be made from jhama and first class
tdtb 50 per cerit each, and brokon to lhe sizes noted below:-

Epundation concrefe-|' b llt cubes.

iRoof :terrhoing'rand :Eairrreh fillingJ' .ta L' cubes from ;first rclasg
bats only..
Ariificial stone floors-f" ,bo Z" cubes Trom jhama only.

i
.',,ti

P" variety well:seasoned and

wood. Scantlings shall be of
laining. In special cases, the
Teak,-if required.
sed for furnituros and fol stutters in un-important
if specified by lho Executive Engineer, If Sisam
windows then the framrcs shall be of well seasoned
Nepal Sal. The timber shall be well seasoned and free from cracks, kuats,
sheiked, cross grain and sap.rv6ed.
(tb) Gta;zing.-(1) The whole of the glass shall be of the besc quality of
its kind, free from bubbles, scratches and other imperfections.
Standard sizes of glasi'parips are given below:-
10" x8" ,7,6" xI2",
L2" xt0" ,16"ix1.4"
t4" >+L0" ,L8",x'I4"
l{'x'l?" ,,18" x 16"

Unless otherwise specified of 16 oz. glass panes shall be dsed for all
.panes up to and includiig-L2" x 10" and 2-1 oz. $lass for all larger sizes up to
'ibtt'*'1ui'.

(2) Plais glass, unless o

ras roid'ered'iby Ihe'Engine,er,
elass shall be held in Place
Ecrews; all round the edges
E

lvooden fillets,- a'strip of felt

o." ,our"rt.a1d c-a,n-1+-s shail be inserted
to act as cushion. O'n compleri";;il;:.trip so as
sharp knife .o ;hrliL;;r:;
to-n1 fl;"h';i;il thJo.ogu of rhe wrth a
^ rebate o.'h",l{r",t

(4) If the rebateshave.no,! been

prilt_q, theyshall be nell primecl with
boiletl linseed oil to prevenb the -rooi
d.arrrng oil ,out of the put.t.y.
(

I I

ee,"',"-ti$rio; i:T*l$
oil ,lries out of it.
iffiT#'llt$1..'
. mvered
g"t lorse
ni'h a
"s,fu!
Method for fixing grass panes are ilru-rtrated
below:_
FIG I FIG 2
PUTTY
/.

Frcg

.-G LASS pA NE
rx'u wr{e rnrr-

Figure (1) Rebate cleaned.

Figure (2) Rebate filled with purtr..
Figure (B) Gtass pane pressed into I

place. C.

Fis'1";+;ulo,lltJ:ff on all sides rronr pu*y added

#3it,S:* and

(16) Mild steet.-.NrLsreer shari

specification. rhe
confTl
to the currenr issue of Br-ffih
.ir*;;";;en-sions *ii.i!"i work shan be
$?:rhf "r
to come in conract with r;me
,".ril;"ilrTrt#Thi: .o.l*, where.;cemenc
 cui anitx ix'der-leNr
ii+ ,'oe FoR exPxnstoil
.- ...::,. .r.ta-\
,BE9i 9TONE.oR .:-

R.B. BAND

SECTlON
.: 1 .
",;:
i,.
:{ 3/a cAP

5 ECTIONAL
PLAN

,'Engineer.
(w) sPECrfrcATrON OF WOR'KS:
. (a),Earth' Work'
F= ,*..
iir

${tet"rplin\ipg." ut+ $34, Atl sofr places :h tfuoloughly

' eiild
and.uealt'
dlealt"witE'
wlth' ab
s' oqdgrg{
ordered by
bv the ii'";,ir,;",rl
tiiJ nxeciitviidd
earth or other materials tiabie ;;;;*y;il;,:#

I
;
l
,t'
.f
?
ll -
I

'' 1

(3) Earthwork in Enbankments or canar,s-(i) Fou,ndqtiors..-:rho

essent'ial:{lqpirepents of lhe foundations of an
earthbn emlamment arg._.
(1) stable supporti fgr e*bankment
and Ioading 'nder'BII cond,itions of saturation
'(?).' Necpssart rpsiqdoou te harmful percola.cion.

f :nx.ffi.':"t; j::"319;'r*aHH.l
 '!

i
.. r --r:--.11ea ?

!,r !r.(t)',
loo"tlittni""t*9"t plipcln-1ti{
r:-- ^f, "'

t
',

t
 All the maturial shoulcl be 1

for
roll
ef black cotton sorl specrar oruers of
cises ""'rfi
obtained.
(io) Comput.i'on'-tg a eiven material therd
.ootrl#' #i'{fr' ;h;' #! i
"i of oP-timum mors
conditions
a"e
ale a,p
a'fr lloe meximun,' l'o',
the luiixuuus,
susceptible to shrinkage or expansron"
constiuction full advants'E{e snoulo
advants'ge snouto
Maleri.al should b"_
fl'f *-:l'"L%

'j
___.j
 I

The fo P * .tq,1 to- 2 q,.,1i

in steps' rn specrar'
accoidinq t
ffi;. il:h the sldPeP to be'much
flatter.
',"The,bottom of the excavaiion:'pjt to have such, 'clearance beyond the
e.rtrem'; footinss t* --"u: Ut'aitt.t.fu- Ut'the Executive Engineer' and
to be-' " :.
a/
p.rtl"itv t.vellEd, both iongitridinally ind transversely' '
perfeetly
I I

r-? l

L9 7t'

r\. i.

-t
rl

t? :

{
k-t
.- (b) Collcnnm'
(1) " Lime concrete 2t'.-IJnless otherwise' specified lime concret'e; shall
consist of ;h;-f"il"*i"g- materials in the proport-ion by value noted against
eaclt : -:-. l
jhama broken to
(1) Solirl -ihama, or first class bats with 50 per cent
pasi 2" ring-100 Parts.
F" (2) Stone lime (256) mesh-l0 Parts'
-p Sand (64) mesh-20 Parts,
Surkhi (64) mesh-20 Partg' :,
Or
a-? (1) Solid ihama, or first class'bats with 50 per cent 'jhapq brokel !b

(2) Kunkar lime'18 parts' , ,t, ./ t. , ,

; ,.,. SurkhiJS6 Parts., r

*"II. cleq,+ed' . soaked witb wat'erwater 'and
'and spread
l'hq
1'he aggregate !:, well
shall be
aggxegate shali :tt-q"^l:f."*
.-
evenryovera..*1"S.ii#i"fi
Bventv oYel' a rurrla46 iPr@v4vr'ru
"" ---o,tiolr shall be mixed dry and thertl
:^';^:;ll'-tql,i^"J:',t*P:03r'^'u;$J:#n:i
llme' sanu arru -sur'^u!
lime,"sand sythhi,il lhe *b].9-tTl?rr^-
in a'bail, rr ti". ii"rt"ioriri r"r-"t ^r r^^o+ 4 hours qnrt
least /.lrnrrnc the whote
and i.hc whole
grotrnd wef"ld rhr ooorese.r,ebefore mixine
----:^-r
l?'Xii'iiii##.r{lty:lr,{i'".**,*:}'.?-$:?ffii'J#Wtr"#t5
^..^-r.. ^,,o.
L"3#;;h:' il^.p""i";i;1fi;!i;;;", hanb mixing of*morlar uay be
fi

t? by the Executive Engineer. i

over not less than 3 tiqes toensure tborougli
The concrete .uuit b, turned
""iri;i;"il^;;;;i;d inr'iron Karahis and never in
-t mixr.ng. Concrete -i..i
basketl, r I --r
Theconcreteshallbelaid.gentlyin.thefoundation.trelchesandnod.
I ne @n()l'guu ullarr ue
thrown from a height' It shall l9.t bq-lal
;;;';ii.h,ittoula
il;';ili,S.r.'""iJ$a ramm-ed to 6"" rf i
iie rammed
J tit"" at - sauv

''3
i;;;t';i-;!-*".t".,
la.ver ot -
concrere'
No
EreY
joint
shall be
sila,u
iri one
{rii m
laver
ade -"
ruaua
shall "
comt i
i'31?ui'.
;^#ih"i"f
LSLEaU Ul' Uglu<
i":;:#1t;
i.ei:oi ;;
thut iffih?
io i-;
th". layer.
"";ii."-i.
imrnediately above or belowrit'
ti;oncleLe suia[
' . bbrr.r.r. tolsnoon:l t x-a'mming shall, bo 'com.
shall.L^ i..i,r'^.to in thb-oia'fi.ti"hed
tj nenced as soon as t anji finished during
durins dhe ihe day
dav and nq_tnot
refr ofi.ror the ner
t""'i*'li"iiilg *:;qlila'.""L1!ii-*"";i?"1|] i'|ltt
or llgh$
fXtt;:'fr "ii"irrit bp.co.rirlle4-""'"!.ii"i
sharr f*\'lg-"1t::o
*f
ffi HE A;"; il.;pp ":d ; r'ei g[u reuouna q'gB !-he'
?ts';
"t

I
I
 Ea.ch laver of concrete shh,ll be bassed by the Subdivisional Ofhc€r or ths
Executi'veEtgirleer'inthecaseof!liportant"bui!dings..:.
Before commencing the,secondi,and :succegsive,layer, the surfaceiof' thg
completed layer shaf! bt roughned with wite brusheC and Basuli
The,interval of 7 days shall be allowed for the concrete to set by h"in5'
ponded with water or by- being kept wet continuously before' commencing,
briclrwqrk, :

(2) " Cement Conarete ".-fls ponolete shall be of the fbllo#inE"i

propiriions by volume unleqo, olherwise s-pecifred:- i - i,i

'
For ^R. C. C. Li)1$a' ' 1l :ii i
;r: ;rgi;r'
Aggregaie t'' tn. L1,-4' parts. . . .:l l'iiiir:
.: :r: i .jii':lii'irii
::

Sand-2 Parts. . ,rl:-tl,

'i.r..:,..1,.,
'.r..'TflB
Cement--l Part.
Eor plai'n aoncfete"l': 3'i 5-' ],-,*....-x
:: :J-

Aggregate t' tn lt' 5 parts.

-'
'Sand-3 parts. .::. ' -1!,,ti
,':
Cement-l Part.

lthe finished'concretb',sliall be'ponded and cured for ,15 daYs afCer

placing.
strokee of wooden'
oement concrete-shall be !"Tp.{- with light brisk
rh"pi;";"d';r;;;;i;";;I ; u*.road
"tt
air and"on no acco'nt td' be' rq,mmed ;

Joi,nts.-In,making jqigts, Se sloPe left in the lgt-tT.trlo^t\tt"*tl}

:,iil*fi'#w[:l:;*.:1fi
th".,i,,';fr i.;;;k""Hx1;'JiF''i'"ilf,
il
*$nJl.,T;r1f '
qid1lg-,r::il
tvlrr} s&rrQr J;;;;*;"i:-.
iiilil,:ffii &uu.wlJvuw rv-vw- (r
o"iar \:-'-l.+'.
: t:: +i.
, H",
"t !er,ore,
left, itlhould
q1g'i13;
be} left
ln-reinforced.cemen! concrete, 1I x, Jolnt to
. ,. be
rr.^L^.-1rr^l-^.lc
']#i#illlfi ;;;'#"';;;?ffi .sLh'^q"i*,"pi+lgry*-""i:.J1.:1"*g-"t::.*'
1? , rl f-i[i.r- bufo""
mmmencing next, dayJe
;il:i:?:JT#:A;;;;"#;;
work
 s;gJJ;figgefiIer.
/. _

No .bats shall be permitted ,exeept where absoluteiy ;,fequired for

obtaininq the dimension o,f the differerit couises; .orr:rf,or' obta.ining .thd
specifiedlbend. i ': l ,l

' Lirne mortAr will cpnsist,sf ,f.o[owi'!g ploporlious:i.:

Kaakar lipe-l part.
Sand-J p&rts.
Or
Stone lime (slaked)-. I psrt.
Surkhi-2 parts.
iv' Sand-2 parts:
mixed thoroushlv in the drv statb'on a brick plat-
I in.a nortar n"ill"or bail;chaki in,the we! stad for

t {asonry ,Shlll. bs p!rysifrg{.,ee follon's'::,

I (t) First ,class briok in lipe ;mortar. . '
Y
(2) First class brick in cement mqrtar:, :i
(3) Seagnd class brick in lime mortar.'
(4) Seconrl class brick in mud mortar.

I
q
r
\
t
1

t
! d
) f:
\
-\rr
t
 Li
firicks,with
rr.rcKs wrth the^frogl,qpp.r
the frogs most,'shall be kell."bedded,aud
-- , ,, . f,ushed
tnortar of thet COffeC0
correct Oonsipf.nnmr o-,t '*^;^-_
consisfl;1^*. anzl *^-^-- ___,
^-^: :-:.;;,-. -=='tiOJin
fri*l
add frod
rre I -Lllr
shri^ll
Irar lumb.
are
rire
tire . enind
eninf,
sha' be'..k"i:
sha,ll hc roLo.l left, tUdI
tb,efr
to,*.n
additions to,an -.-^-,. Lup uew work -sh.ql[
casC' of
casC
casC,
bld Mna;-;.rT;".T"r;iF;Yw,uul.c
bent a vertical join't-iute ryc be bended into thd

3, Second, cl,oss Wkuoilt in tine.Apeqificalion,is lhe same

as fg-r fir'su crass brick ia u-" that second cl'ss bricks wilr be used.
"i;;.;

\{ud mortar is only to be used in low and r.importanc

has no earthquake resis"tingpr"pJi.J builrrin* u it

. ' Ihe-centring
rpI to[ne
the'
[xe
shlll
Lhe.,centring:h."U be slackened when,
when\ cirho,,.l;^
Firr".l,..;,r^
is up
IS Io
earthquake rh;;;;f
the arch.
totra,ke th;;;;;"
+L^^^ ^ -^
, of
oI thp Supe
tne Supe ;;;;;."!"
an 4a -^-
an e.,sms anch.
::n""#IJi?Kffi swxe 'ro' r
sgppiied tuem- theTFj'"f1^"^J?];'t!:no,,s-rhe..srore,:to,.t"
p,iieln
given i'in the
q*"ry'specified
tho drawings.
dro]i.t*
;;,i;;ffir:ltl";
rtr' tn:qffir,i-- +^ 'L^ J:;^-Eia[r
rvinding,_ and to be lrue
joint to be in
lorilC to"'be accordance
,ut
E--i-.^;
Engineer, *L:-L
whjch Eust r
--r be gtwo
b" gty.eD. u
Io e{ch
each case.

r:especbivetv. Each stine ro h *pll- *t-*'a'airr"riit":i'iT;"t"jffi,

 t,

13'

beds and joints must be perfectly true, both horizontally aud

..A11
ver[ically, throughou0
'[he line of each co
windins.
and,no joint qust overl ti;:i;!;
oI tne wall. No stone ubic foot
in size, and its beds mu
' ()rre-fifth of the face of the wall should be herders, 'and iu wall up co
3 feet in thickness all headers should be through stones.' ----
Every.stbne must be carefu[y a,nd truly laid, and will be flushecl up in
sound mortar prepared as previ6usly specified.
(,c) Rand,orn rubb of
slGes tO w[ICn It ca,n ted
vrto the wall that the
with equal or uneoual
There muit always. be iwo'
-fifuh of the.face ihould be

Hvery stone to be w-ell-flushed in-mortar, es desciibed for other forms of

masonry. AII stones wtrich are not headers should"half bond o. ou.ri"f oo.
another at least one-third the width of the wall. /
.lXre mortar shall be as indicated on the plans Fnd in thb seneral
specilications and all stones shall be thoroughfy wettedleiorq layrn"g.-"'"
p shall. o-e allowed
to be delayed the
On'non-working,

The wails shouic bo-%a-rri:{ .}lt plumb. The srone shal be fairly
equalin size, every stone shall be fitted to adjacenb stones.
 l4

(d) Pl.l,srrnnrc.
General.
,Ioints shall.be raked out not less than halt rnch deep arrd lhe wills
thororrghly wetted. Walls rnay be plastered rrith lirne, cement or mud
moroaiasl specified.
Patches of plaster 6" x6" shall be put at about 10' apart, a,s gauges
fo ensure even plastering in one plane. , bemen! plastering irust be done-jn
squares or strips as oracks appear if a large surface is done at one time.
l'at or shell lime mahe the best plaster. In hvdraulic lime, there is
always a dangel that some particles day be unslaked which, slake after
neing laid, will cause blisters to form in che plaster.'
(1) Sozd and, li,me plaster.-4hall consist of the following proportions
b1' rlry valume.
For external work*
Kankar lime-l part.
Sand-l| part.
First class Surkhi for colouri-ng-1/10 part.
Or
Stone line 1 parb. ''
Sand-Z parts.
First class Surkhi 'for colouring-1/8'part,
For Internal work-
Kankar lime-1 part.
Sand-2 parts.
Or
Stone lime--I part,
Surkhi-l part.
Saqd-2 par!,s.
a, mortar mill.or bail
ch y wetted and allowed
iy unslaked particles
to
of
Tbe mortar shall be turned oYer once a day while it is in the Vat.
the rralls shall with a brusli
jo eviousiy raked well wettbd bY
sy 4 hours before
plasters shali be applied tp the walls and finished off with woodgn
straisht
straicbt
igbt, edqes floati to
and. floats
edges and thickng:L9l
l{, a thickness of ,]t"
{i:. .Jh:
,+". qhg,tl not be
surface shall
_The _.}If:._'^1ry1-"1^H
specified. AII colners formedby the ju:rciions of floor wails
be

"""r?a-*i!ss
I"a
and *ifi"*r .nuit U" rounded tp
ceilings to a radius of 2't I1 Th-e finished plaster shilI shill
be kept mdist for 7 daYs.
' 7 o'all
itll Cconsist of UuV
JIISISI, U.L one ' part
'l!
fresh
rI
PaI u F- cement and two
trDu uqr
r. ari tt
or
Of lean,
lgall r sharp
SUit,l p and
il,ll(l ralher
Iil,uutrr fine
uv sand.
i@ur Walls and--J

flo
flo--- - thoioughly cleaned and wetted aas specified for
ii'"-. ,J""ror
liin.:pi".ter for floors.-and
flgors,-and shall
shall be
be c"Ieaned with wire brushes
Particular care shall be taken to sq9 that.not\ing !9t pe$egtly clean
water is used for mixing lhe plaster a.nd fpl l(eeplng lnq plasrcr oapp
after laying,

rF:
--
p
p i'115

#
F
s
6
p n it
is still green:
prpportions
@ consist of the following

ry
F Surkhi-3 Pa'rfs'

@
s
ffi
F underside . of terrac:d-^
ni'a. ti"t"d above' In case
-t-""1 ;:"1T-'*I3l
9l--1'.;;a. -The
F PtJP-"tli""
[hick'.
one cement and tour

# When used, to forn a ceil

shall
Lsed' 'rn such
*.i-i**t beoffitted
k n"ru.'l.tilni-piaster 1:3
;::h;;ilt[ri on the dndersi
il;il iliace
drawings -and.
and frni*ned
in two coat's'
to a

w 6\ Parqetting ''-"0"
inside of all chimney n99:-:h^t3U
[""g t" one part lime mortar'
b" plastererl wirh

ffi a miiture of s parts ii"

ffi
tu
b
(a) PorNrrNe'

Or

l:.,'

ti

+l
..1)
.j
 lol
pointing mortar musc not be smeared all
over the br.icks but limitecl
to .,Th9
"- the ;ornts.
. - (2) Flush Pointing.--:f\e pointing shail be finished off clean and flush
with the surfaces of the wall. -

HOR/ZONTAI ./O//yZ

v€Rf/CAl./O/tvZ '

as soOn as it has commeucod to se! should be kept watered. for

Z a*f,Jt"ring
(fl " Sunr,tcr WAsnNc,,. l

Before application, the warls, shal b-e tho-rougtrry

j$. "t o whi re w-ash is fl ak i n g til ;i'"d;d.,b?rff"'d dusled and creaned.
fr:"J .;'i-.ffi;ffii
wh
smooth
'not
The
and
show.
^-------r
fl:?s:J#J..ffi?l#llt.:
po*aty or t shall 'not be
;.llttutu

rn the case of rew. work B coats shatt b-e applird. Each cpat
allorved to drv before the next i" shall be
N"-ffiil;"f
"ppu.a.- ,- -""*
visible rvhen ihe work is finished-'-'--- - ;f,; brush shall be
Iioro.*A rie.iioal horizbntel brushing, done at tire same time, compri'es
coat, l.hough ,ancl, one
Botife .contr.&ctorg consiiler thig as lwo.
white wash with the
r shall be of even tint
badly applied, the
 :'.;1?
tern'p'ei:-(r) The brand
.of distemoJ.;;
in the senerar.specification,or torderedrhe corours
--trr, required
as
nd no wyork shatl ue ."*.rr*a o"iii"ip-{J w Executive
3ii;o#i""#^'j
(2) The disremper shall be prepa.ed irr the
maliers and no morb md.nndr re.ommonded b
more watel sh;[--5e-
water sha ,aa'i,i'l'rhen ldid dorrrl lii
:i:_*lg
instructiong,
rnstluctlonS,
A; '{i.i;-;;-^j ..-.:r.--r. ^. r--^.4,

br
c
a
&
rl'i'.l' .:i^r,.,.iuu ru urrri B.rt.tuu or wa[er
--..i-.^: ---:.r r an r . r
teri,pering ifit shall
terrlnArina choll L^be.lwip-gd- with
?:1*::lg"il_.lllt.!^."yii,,{11";,;t clean cloths ro
!fu,!'^.19tn. to remove any efflorescence.
efnorescence.
jl^lo:.,.*."-p^1."]9
gooct rvrth plaster of
y"t!r
o f^ paris
i,u loose stutr.slaii
p aris with
;;;;';i:Io"
b; J hotes made
:"1,,*i li ^ttaster
rn all casei rhe surfi,ce, o'o.c
wi rh some
."rn.?.y--
[,luirrliry
dry diste"iperoi
.iisi."j -"rJ'
tt u--illi ffi;
ffid:
lemperlng rs corunencdd. If neees
.*o6tt iiri'
y before
u.ro.. dis-
be used for smoo[hing the Il_f::q.."iy-iu"'11'
n-,p,".#lF^l'"Lo,Tl",ll1n1;.^ surface, 't"";; .iiA pupu should
(4)
tion or eoats_shaii be as.in tho gen
tive.nai"e,i1. . .,1'priii"g
;"[c;' ;;Jii
f;,iif,ffi ,r'"rr,fio eii.;

be washed in hot water ancl-hung

,or caked wilh distemper shall noT
is prohibitecl, Another coa[ shall]
of distemper shall be appliea ovel
ed. 'j :
e a uniform shade.
the whiting for the
t"ito"tL" ttni" g' e'o aL'

me wash nor is lime wash to be done

, (S) " RooFS ,'.
l. FIat Temaced, fiools.-Shall-- consist of lials .concrete terrace of
sp6cified thickness .oppo"tbd by- :""
Reinfoiced (concrete or brick) slabs, til_
on inverted tees Dharhara Slates,
.: bricks resting on wooden Burgas
foilou,ing

duge_100 c.fil
shes- 86 c.ft. .
meshes-24 c.ft.

fftr t;';fh*li?rfl.''fi1J,1,t#'k#-isiTlJ, b;'i"l*i$

'Th;e .khoa shall be clean and welr,sa.,uratei,with
(a)
being mixed with ohe water
'."ir.ni, -inaii.iu
beforL
mortar. Th;- ir,";
t.
 rt

(i,) Snrc,c.ru Sonl.

this water treatmeni_ is used
)fher1
oil, etc.,
tc., shall noiUe. ,d ,^ +h^ i::* *.
not be ,;;;;i"^,.ir,^s,T::o
o.td.tl^-ir^le it should
as rt
os rr snoutd
sl normallv o,,
be normallv,
terrace
ce
|e.rrace and the
the ',-. water durins
o,i
i:lldJrX,lT-rfly:"*_y:,_l[.::g
warer used tho il"'i
th.il"";;'-':i'::i
liT"^y:l-ql
.clay
r"
Iaime nrortar bu
cla,y or- earth. r. u4 solu
or-earth.--r.
woter free flom lime. in i
lime,,int
,- - r e. Rr{.* Fa&ll be put
on to 6,4
 ru

(io) In the ca$e of wooden purlins, 3" galvanised

userl an'd for anqle iron purlins, $/8" hook bolts. These
-not
shall be spaced mor6 than half the width of the she

(oii) AII fastenings for galvanised work are also to be galvanised, rivet's
to he of exbra soft i.ron.
. (ttiii).The ridges and hips shall be covered with substantial galvanised
iron or zinc cappinB, fixed [o the corrugated iron' The capping shall be
laid in length witn at least 9" overlap.
(ic) Where Eutters or flushinqs are necessary, they shall be made of
milleb iead weietrine 6 lb. square-foot or of 2'-6" wiiie pla"in galvanized
sheei soldered tdgethir if speCified by the Executive Engineer.

3. Corrugated .Asbestos-Cement Sheet Rooflng.--The corrugated

of the sizes and make $pecified by the
asbestos-cement shebts shall be
Ixecutive'Engineer. ':

or M.S. purlins in thP

. tha! corners of each
s rless of mole than three
s any one Place, i.e., the
corners. i

. ' The holes shali be dril"Ied throu$h tlie arbnstos s[;"Js 1/8?'lorger ia
diameter than the shank'of the screw'bi oolt trr--;e used.
,nool3'h".1'::,{ffiffi,f.as {:'f,';;Il,iljjil:._ r:$ or the rarse work
to altow srrikins in a propemunol"r,
t_^ln:^t:?:r j,ilf,l,*"ii?"t.lX ,.Tl.r.Tilf;
essenriai prri fi. ."Joo1T,r,,,.,
fi
"ll"i"-";i::-i;"p_"iilrflit"iHX, ,. clr,.^r-
tti
ff :h, be r_l"..;;
should 3 lsF:i
itippea !J ri!.1!ilJ:' Ff, * H iHll,,,,:"
d?sr, followi,
;
*":}il:l
flgois, th. 11"", ,lai
beam
oeam bottom
bottom boards [l';oroo'HSd-tlih;"=,i"r'J'"H,Iil#ffi
and props. l.;,I]i*"frH:
(u) of Fo7m,s..-,Thetemperature
^ltri,king
re of the slress to.*or.n the memho, _,,'urod hr+pidity of the air, the
3f;i?*f ,lt:.'l;::rP,rli'h:G#ffi :;"1"ir"b".1.1ffi'"1'"?i{tbeair,the
Dronorr,ion nr rioo,r ^"_yi:l
;".T1"',""'"'1""?'iH"i",ffi ;ffi
,ff6=.,,ry *G 'li*':?i:#*lTr'ii*'.:j
*.--#Jr:*--io'."lH:ot:d"f
proporrionordeadt'"trir._,r-**'i,TJ#;'iff 0."*..and, slabs. uo"rT,";iht
"#?T""ijif-:l
ru cQicl or wet weather, haraening of;ucred
i.Gtiia..i-l,nd the forpn

,; I :.irfrir-t::,,rt_l
 2t
I
I
Tust be kept lgnger; Also they must be kept longer'in those cases. where
fiexure or Sendin! stresses oecu-r 1as in slabs and Eeam") than,where diiect :l
compresslon .acts, ag ln columns.
[io is high, the concrete wi[- be called upou
the design load, imm/4iately 'forms, weie
. 4iu-re abo"ve 60'if, therfollo#ing iniervals
are ildopted;
-.
Form rtriking. noimalr
Witrb Ccmcrit rlonoreb
Por.llend wi.th.Brptd":
ooroort hrldoDilg baoraDl

1, Boam oides, walle coloumao (Unloedod) 53

2 Slabe (Prope lett, undor) aa'
,o
3. Prope Co slabs .. 16 7
4 Beum ro6ce (props lelb undcr) t29
i. Propr 0o boam 27 16

the props will:be used,to separate the

Iroai not b.e slruck till a week aft-er easing.
at the rate of 1,, per 10,.of for
floor fppn
(oii\ Reinlorcement.-For all n
st,eel ::einforcement.shail confi
specifrcations for mild steei.

I to a radius not 1.], bar

ild point of rolled ,192,0.00
mild. steel; th is':at 'a
srress of about 7b,000 rb. squar. i";t:
(oiii) CIea ent shall bd free from .loose, mill
oil,
scale,.rust_, other deleterious matter, when fouhd
immediately be te.

The vertical distance belween horizontal main reinforcing bars'shall be

at least $" except at splices or where transverse bars are in: -conbact.
The pitch of baxs of main tensile reinforcement in beams,and slabs shall
not erceed 12" er twice the efiective depth whichevei is less.
'lhe pitctr of :dstributing bars in slabs sharl riot exceed 4 ,times the
effective denth of:the slab.
All meshed reinforcement shall be of .such dime.niions as wili enable the
coarse aggregate in the concrete to pass easily thfough the meshes of such
reinforcement.
. T!" spacing,of stirups,shall not exceed. a length,equal to thb arm of
the resistance moment..
The minimum lateral diStance betw-een two bars of difrerent,sizes should
be talien as the avetage of their diameters. : 1 ,
,' ', '
(ni') Protecti,ae couer.---The cover of constructional cbncrete measured
from the outside of all reinforcing barr rse ties,,spirals,
stirnrps, and ts be. at ldast'*"
or the diamet reinforcing Stis
in beams:or c diameter 3t tU.
bar rvhichever is greater.
 22

cover should be
1.1,,.
metc_ ^
oro#ifl 31J'reinforcing bar shall nor
;;i."".#srlil,ff?i,jl_ rii*,f'"*
Ieasr?l
.r:
r*1,^ diameter
of main reiaforcing
bars in
n
""u .r*, .;.r; ;;;
beams
.Ieast The diamete of Iongitudinal reinforcing
!;.':'*svudr bars in cbrumns shalr
be at

ffitft"'.T.T r)fo"*o"'"*u mesh and

,hooked ends.
:ilii'f;:"i;#i
shall not be less th:
the following,
p*T. diameter x
*^-_ stress in steer ar tr
,
"
j: :f i r"i,'Hffi. :H*Jj,h e b en d
/ 4 x,he
Hj T, :H:,1"j;:i: I
are such,,,;-n# :f
*"ii:irui{i #r: F::T
#:: ;.:T,:;
:1lTot te avoided, thev
es the dir
il.il.:, 31" i'ft :l i :,"..i
*n"tt be 1: 2:4 unless otherwise
';),:::;;,'. specine
eoJ;aiod'E'J#ir
i,".iu.,i"ilo.,Ttios 'i..1?;i;i':,.*-i,'"";fi:;ecincarion
ru. _or cement shall
n; tuf.ro" i"
. ..- lVater.-The w
!_r,l\ .orsa1i", *"*irJ"lt"" iT-tol:t.te
tu"t' must be clean
Generall.y narurat- and nor
drinkir,f sfiailTl"u".riu]' ;;#' :3ir?ffj*i:l
A ggregate_

(a) Aggregates shall

"'-"g{;1'".:it;ltr?#.lftr"rkl.[;f,
cbnsisil nr n^+-_: r

il,ri:{:F,ii:il;;
(D) c"i:.".ri1f,*i:f#:T"o,"u be ,
norma,,.,
maximum
"ilfii
p;;i;;d,:'"tted wsrk, but "l*:
a"bigg,t .Trl
size
;: for
used
(t) Th*!
tho maximum
,. or.0he cover or o
bebween ,ny iwo"
(za) Fine agg-regafe shall
throu[h i .uril*.s^l \
\
u bpt q.u4ity pakaur
or Gaya
t"-""$t{l*a chiPs ;"} i;
d
1l3p_orta^nt-ru:".5Xur?Hg;
" JjLT,
rpeciar order *
 23

to be, mjxgd is so spall that lhe requisitioning

is hg shall be done by hand and thT foi6irog of a mixer
sh proce€rure

I
ut in proper forms in order of bOue. ,l
the top. . The materials should their
clean, close boarded plat-
added until the rniiture
e lurned over twice ia ile

Care should be taken not to,spend too,mqch

afrer the addition of warer, and i.'cpncr;i;ls tipe on rryxi+g gperations
-- --**J' ^Y vq=
awaY and laid. ";;;;,-itHiora be carried.
,connete
trng has ail be placed in its final
not bJ sulseq"."tf" ai!_
of time a r.te in eacn il;iri;.ilii
I
,^-_12),cgncrgting shall be carried out continuously up to construction
Jornts, the posrtlon and arrangement of which shall" belas .pu.inea-uy-i["
-h, xecu t ive Elngineer.
.

surface
t' clean
QQmp9se

,, _ _(1), hyg:s colurnns

In,filling e poured info the moulds in
!Fe,e iqqn and cons priaarca witl a rod to expE
arr bubbles. l'he work rn ^sel,rmn
h", b."";;i[T[J.

. (6) Met!t'o!' no. t.-F.or stopping beh,ms and girders-scop concrete at

the gentrq of lhe beaq.with a ver!.icai plane a! rigf,.t, angle. to^llo aiiectiJn
of the beam.
'
. For siopping.slabs-stbp concrete at the middre of the.span makins the -r
plane perpendicular and at right angles to the direction pf 'tho span. "
(? in beams
and gi ical joint,
and al cu f.1"," .tni
future

. .(8) Tror slabs.;,3reak the cgncret€ directly over the oentre gf lhe beams,
making a vertical joint and allowing for tho iuture pdjoining slab. :
!
I
t

t.

f
 On recommencing to la.v nnnn'6r^
^lr _-,
shau te thoioushlit.i"",","tj:t:.3ll,?dql., of , previogsly depos
!a!e
:f, ffif "'iil:'i"P;lin'*ll{ii'.'L','$"d:^*:;:!il.iJ;,01'"Hffi 'J.ddTi,:
.o',
;:,,#::i*f $ffi {, ;T LX1[ ff't, l' *i,f; ueuc'u
(nt'iii) Compaiti.n.n AA6^j^+- ':"" 5r'ou[' Xl;#gli:
PQcted :d duiing ughly o
rein-forcement around
work. fn nor of tt
Iort,. - _nor
of-^ adding water.
hour of, r'qsu De nntshed *itnln
rirrr.su
it uu ?,rc
Itgyr water to
ro tt;
tnu ,i*ioiel;;'iF
-i-il,l^r*.'.1'.'F_
within iuft
half'
reduced to thit .pr.in.a. specrnea. rn hot weather this period musi

. .ia) Curinq co,

Pld'*J i"* L''# ^i#'{{li;o"l,:iSf'o!d" "i#'
*..i t tre n g rh, i r i r
':':*l;i'j
3*fr "12 ".?Xi]:' " ;ffi
*"llT !. bi:iloT,Tl"*,!":, es s

r#'To*'1?;#HTil?*;i';ff q::1.r:rqlfl?""$:eqiXTfJlf,
;fir1T*i#nd' the concrete i" a strorl ti,
l"til-::;"/i".'-p.""il"f
after laving,"*hidh" op.ration '"i.
starr ir.'ai,t.
should ;,.JT3ttflj"oJil3
expedited.
(2) If it.is allowed to drv too
uu Lt.y ro-irr.. rr__ water required
fnn taprdlv,ahe
for haideniog-iJ-""u;"*
ra.rcrenrns i. reguired by the
rhe ceme
great tenden+ i?tt{l*,t^h_:_y!ur
hiiaenins i;'$;ilil;nd ceme
t,o "u"po""?S1t*:
tendency ro
;;f; rhere is
""fr?l?lij;:lgJ"t"
"orit"r"i,l#r.
th.. J9J, i fi..'r "irhlfl li..n'if i, lii #:;ijll.,
,
but i s no t orren . emp r oye d, r

prorecred durin_s rhe fi_rsr

*".(;olr"toX..,l.rti,:h?t!: -*h-v
srageshardenin of
runnrDs and surface'*:f"1t"HHi:.*:41
:f'-1.11'-j;":H#l?'tifi3 Lnd arso fro,
B:h::TfiiF::*i;,i'r.'.*;#IxtrHil:
out an
roril&nd ."';";il;",b"i"r#H'ig$i
Porttand
"
cement is useo tor at lea.st 7 t;""1
.r.-^ rapto
r4pro
*hen
nr noima
{rl#*"j,if,
cement are used. onnnroro
eeme,nt c,re h;r^ _:1r
Concreie ,rJ"""l+"*?,"_Ji:t
,,t/s,wue.u hardening
hard.eni portlani
tho.o'ghl/;;?";f,3ffli
thoroughly wer for;hffi;; ,;X"t#:
,1itl"T*t
high alumi'i" shau be kep .u*ii
!l{}"Y:!!irffi',#?#:mi:r,full".,::ll:1"_11"rr}eBoneover
imm.hiatet.t-;i;& ];"--'-tr/ rne surface of
,tlre conmete
-p-i shall be
b" nred
be ntila
-
l-led ;ui,,
up, ;'ft
i ppli}'
chipped
; . crr ::
G;" ;;
J €dEes
":"#' :
l.'^'iT9:'
ma.rra
;HJ:
d a1 a an1' pttttng
iit
.-,r ^-, "iffiy,
l3-1I
tii""g" o5 nor
holl6ws shall
Ji'jl'J?.H;".7
ii'
"
J?_ tli lhr concrere surfaces shall
;_1i, ;i gt Hj'"T..,.,r, esr
x*",!x
ils i::: ;'"Tir.T
in;;"s: ;tt 1 e:h:ff T dl#'"i
rfr:H'}l$'ff
ter, !fi
i r so orde re d ly' I 1{
ii'"
^n
"b"* ce q en r
u"J,Trilj

,rrrltrl"r!;:l!n::: !;v::g;;**"$:{:*k n^'^lr the surracing ar the

i."[tiffi ;.1"J'#i11, j'3i?i*iril*.11,'"';**tsfit;:ii""i;'t"#a'i',T
merel,v. of cement ;r.t"'l"riliil
i'jirlfi"tacr,ng.
&1;,:i"ll.;"
ltris"iffi
:,H'j surfacing" ;li "1""t"
iXs, pry
granoiithic *gq- er@.Ysusu
fravelled ur
A;
or ror
for
Srd,uullEnrc nnrsh .uo" by
finish ma.de nu la,vino
laying u;;"t
" -^.*^tT,
" nardwear
narctwear a
oio'ner hard slone cninnings t" ttt"uu
I?,ti\d,granite,
setting by a machir.;;-;fr;; il':'i[ frbm t;-do;,;fifi llrti
chi.ltt# l-l$t"cement
lffiT
;y,1;
\. " Re'inforced Br,ick:work,,._(1)
and that which is generall.y Centrino _Th-
\r' \Jvtt'bl"t'rt'o I ho .;*-r^-.
generairy ,r"a'-
:all.y used ^i*-r
or a !1L1:H+
layer of Bamboos plabed
useo
nf;t"l""i^
-
on rurners or.beams aria clo
td covered
b.ri;;;; ;;fiffij'"#'fitrT1i1-
coverei
with a thi uraruA',rEi ur rure sanq.
shau be given the fonowing
camber ro
","JLi."tTd;l?:illjl;,Tr.*g
t,lr,.'.^t: every food of span, subjecr to a inaximum
:"::11T of 1!,.
tot OTfiillta" for every fqor of
of Ll" subject t9 4 m4xippn
^p?n,

. :/J-:.ujrhiFi6r*l!rk.r,e#fowkae-
I

h$3
25',

I:b,is essential that whatever centling be used, it sball possess 'tbe

f ollorving:
-
1r; itigiaity
(2) Simplicity of construction foi slackening and removal'
(3) A smooth surface on which to lay the slai.
lron sheets are very serviceable, but if earth is used the top .surface:
must be covered wittr oii'ed paper. Surface may also be prepared with,1:r8
cement plaster about f," thick.
joints to
, If p.lanks are used, they should be laid with slightly open
prevcnt Jammlng.
rralls'and be supfiorted, if necessary; *
beams should ibit 'on edges and not '
!y
cr-rr e removed easilv withorrt jarring the
ma
(2) Tine for stri,king centering'-(1) Ordinary slabs-Minimum 7
days in summer to maximum 10 days in winter.
, ,(2) Ileavily reinforced slabs-from 7 to 15 days.
(3) Ordinary Bed,ms-frbm 10 to 15 days.
(4) Important Beams carrying heavy loads-28 days'
t
e;t

ri
(5) For slabs continuous over supports, these supports should not carrv
ttie cq;tring unless suitably supported to prevent deflection.
b (6) If beams are combined with slabs the centring of the beams and'
slab itrould be capable qf being stuck independently.
v
?
I
,
fr

i ,
l,g

F
I.l < Blieks ihorfing evidence of saltpeter musi not be used'
--TbtV :hg"JA
be soaked in cleanlwater for at least 6 hours teJole use. White bricks
=
t- auaiirbl" in North Bihar must'not be used in R.B' works'
'c
sDecification and have
an i t'as to thg qualitv
tr of ,' e or Bihar Collegc of
Etg
r k\ Sand,.-Must be clean, well qraded,
Nottn dihot
sharp,-free from.foreign matter
sh.iutdiinvaiiablv bd used in
{ it"f"lii"i"ttil.o.-'io Son sand
!.
,{ ii:R;e riC'*o't.
(d) Mortar.-The mortar used shall consist of cement and sand in
guajity of
. rrropf.lionr varying according to thdmixed sand, available, generally
H 5'sioa. t" 1 cenient"by volume wheq dry'
r,
L{
f*
u
Y,
 26,

n"",i'irffJrffi#r]ffi"il bricks shar be

soa&ed in water
fpr tt teast six

sfl*ffi*i
surrounded
ln North

n#t ma' be left aftqr

?',;::H"'i:ff "L;:*o'x:
lab from one side is laid.
h^ - @) F
-
.t^- -uu{o."e la$ng onv funo ^"'.
iSaXh'**.?rtr*fif
1 o-.
r.LT;'r",-"H%4fu .'ljt"f.{f r,,,*in,,,l,l-_1!arrbo
ini"y.i..oJi
 1",i7

Types ol Floor.

to.
',ri{r#fff s!!n,e, floor.-The
e or three varieties Tinl.,olt thl.l5ne., to be taid shall be
.

as detailed-ili#,j
(a) First cla,ss arti/tcial
stone._The proportions
(c) B*AHr*i
shall be_
H;fr:f*ff.ln"i* 'nro'
ilt;*'^
,', size B parr,s
(A) Tbp
"256 stone or
{--_i"f31o, jhama oo
"p"rts_cenienr
,* yg, l

through mesrrj^-z
r plrt #"j;#:reened
in"#)"f,'J3"(,ftr;191"#i1". {" tayer-l ceme*:2 or il;,one
y, *'layer-l cement:t sand:l stone
or jharha chips (1/.8,, to
"r1!l.Tpp
1" raver-l
ih**g).fi1?i:lY:;9
(ii) Tbp layer_Finished with
#:f' cemenc:B sand:6 sbne or
a litrle neat cement

gr:it :'fi T":'l''3FiSi",

:exceeding ,::ffi T,'lT : iT.,q gf ol noo1 te th e correcr
area divided up in squares,
B' x 9,, witn "wo6aln
fr"""i."r9"l noL
'Ih
to give dding just
squares be .su-fficient water
placed, i" attelnrie
within down'to a rclrness of f,,

afrer.completion and
^?"j?y.curing
:rcer, it shbil b. dhffi then
Hd
ne, .where specified in rne contract.

;jij1 shal be. dgne i1 rhe same

rourtng ma0ter being given
in the
. Red_use llI2
c.ft. of red oxide of iron per
c1ft. of cement.
Bla.cl<_use
1/g c.ft, of Manganese dioxide
per c.ft. of
Bufi-1/16 c.ft. of ye'ow ochre per c.ft. "*.ouot.
of cement.
*-ft ,lTfi|H:grrf#i1r"r"t*"1;trirowerssprinkre-equarparrsorcorourins
 28

,n
tions
depth
ifhe s
E. Granolithic Floors.-(l) The b concrete. T::
Glanolithir: flooring shall cons'iit of two ncret€, the lowe:
thick cemenl concrele composed of marbl
(2) The concrete for the lower layer shall consist of one part cement, tF-
parts sand and two and half parts oi {" stone ballast by bulli.
layer shali consist of 9ne part. cement to trr:t
elwlse specified or ordered by the Executir=
' consist bf blac'k and rshite marble chips i;

elsersh;r".
 .29

has bepun to cake or eet ehall

bo imm,cdiately removed from

ilith be laid before the linoo conprete [,ed

seve e lime coucret,e has been laid. Th-B
bel
a:rd.
Granolithic fl,ror has trl be laid over

b exceerl 4 I'eet'.

. The desired lexel o;[ the lloor shall th'en ber marked ,crr'tt u **il, all ruunrt
on nrunenourru pla,*rs on t;he floor closo 0o the interuections oC tne
_t!d
lrnes.
;*.i
Tealr woorl strips 1" thick a,
a'lternate panels or.. liays. Thsse
their tops^truo to the iiesired leve
nalls,

is specified in specifiea-
ion ihall be p lhe teak
edge of tho st witb the
all be cut and
flush with the.
all be cut and
finished floor.
of the teak bainens shall be
eonclel,e.

'Ihe lower ir'" thicli but ooncre0e rshall then be laid.

siarting from thiledEos, w'ith woodon. " thapis " fof fivo
minutef. Tho su.rfate r then hs ch,ecked with a rebated
straigbt edge nesbing on tho dividiltg otrips tb ensru"o tb.at the level every-
whr:r6 is aC-leu,st {"*l,ekrw the top of-wpoclen strips.

Witrdn 15 n:rinut'ss of this tb,s upper concreto layer cousisting oi cerrrent

marhle ohipg
and marble ohins $hall
ohips shall be snr,sad. eveiriv'but slikhtlv
sTlrrsad. everilv'but
eveirly'but slibhtlv hiplher
hiplhe thanlhe wooden
hiclher tha:n
r:a,urirrrct lil
scrips and ra,urirrr,ct

of t,he straight edge, rvhen wgrki:ng r'0. J-he surf,ace sha,.[l not' bo ftowellerl in
a,ny ca,sB. ,'

'fhc tayinpl o:[ the firs betlin one day; The

lavirs of tf,e a[te::nftto s,:C r the sarne manner by
,ne'xt Eay In la,;'i1g 11lu nips shall firsb bo
 30

(4.Wpops,o.r,.

rll logs prerious

Do uso, and

dinensions.
withorrt tho

.wi!,h .,
masonpshall
i"r E;;;;11 be coared
onry slralJ.,haye
t air aroundl; .."
ai spar:e left on
{ue €xpos€d
kr the weather.
rr sllould not
be less then
 Bil ,1,
A eon,u.,:rn, r,urle,f,or,the size of ,,rloor i's heightl:.niclth plrrs 3 do B$ $eeU.
(2) 'The ur;:ual tlormsr of doors .a,ro: --
(o) Panelled.
(D) Panelled and glazed.
ic) Battenerd.
1d) Plain plan}red. /
(e) PJrm.trrecl. ohrl iron-.barrertr,
(l) Vr:ncl;ian.
(g) Ba,ttcrned and fram'ed,
.
(3). All r,'jndows rrot prot,ected by a-verandah shonld be providod with a
proJectrng srLl pnlp'rrly weathered on tho outsid.e to prevdnt rain .water
IodgrDg.

-t+l The ru:i:ndon'siill sliould generally be atrout 2'-(i" froTn the insido floor
Itrvel.

.DooRs idND Wrnuows,

tr'wrnished, sizas.

VoDo-
tlsDa.

Up t,o ?'--0d 't"

tl" I
ro t 6il x.Jlt 4/, X $t
{ '*'
Bct ?r_1,r,/ y8r.-0n..
I"" t' It St'yliln xlf'
I t, 4n

Iroa-
oInln
ot Il,
loog
.:brru
ox. lr0 [
rliding
b0lt,

al .2
Doutrle cloorr

$iagle do*te I I
Dcuble venotio;o 2

Single velebian. . I
.Double winclowa. fi,
4. 2
"

Siugle windowe .. .+' '1 I

 g2

,na^te.eoi.,
-'s aj.
,crara,rt,rir'niindpuic.-rslalj
be flush with
r'r'u-ll .tbe Fsrde
'!Ile inside u
waII, the silt bei[g
I'ittfurgs_
2 Suilr centles.
Cor:d.

Exlrcutive Engineer.
hottod Tower bolt
ie to bo
ehall be oI brass. In legs iroportant
,.,, ltjt]^_Yh{il€
rf.. rre proyided
grietiroge
rrrsertio! in.to t1e
cheulats, the b-ars shall be $,, dianrr;ter, 4,, apnrt with
Jlo) Tb'e e*zes oI door and rviadow
Ehall be rrpeoi'ed
'ttings ia tho contrsot.

bff fl l,i'j" ,tl,",ll{*,,iil: ,,Hf,3;

gardges, etc,, bolts
shall be rerplaced by
all door and vriadop ftriugs
uo*iiuJlir.stt"r;:l'er 'f eball l,o approved
by ihe n**otioo
(uitl; ;)o,r,'u or winclo.rys
---v.D o'vYe
above V4- [o
eJv to De
b sepatateiy specifierl.
r.wl La,rp'tt
". aorne
after, ylilr' heavy repoir bil6
ifllli'#fi* "o -tror:rble .and
H?',11H'L-ii'1H*ng y#t" tri{

_,-.,.(*) No.sills, sl,rall be provid.ed in the r:ase

ehuftcri
"tiau ri, as-iiri r
doors, tho boftom o{
as possible ilush wi.h .[f; H#r" ths
dcors'rhe sill shell be mnt
abovo lhe fiorr:r'
ltr'll"u;i..,ril:t"r so tbat it prqecrs.not &ore than 1,,
*.or]rl:,:'::t";j,ll":"**,1,: ared iD c€meD-r msson;fy J, *n,r. proceeits,
[,1*!:lik*:t*ll*];;;._.^{9r,,,ru;#,fr H$.i;'#"rt:
u"n%,*#|::l:l^,-.a-*,1'^il,'uu.=iii.a-.,".dil'"il,i#f;"hf ffi :i,iJ*npe,q6
:Lll,iJ;ffi
and rarq
f
,L*'nlS$:,^.ygr";il;;;l;#;.'J;ffi "i;,0
l,hrr prrlty:ufue l*;:il;;ikT;

13f flfif il}',',i;f t#*TH: j ng-*l'Frq,,ou shutter, pr ar musr

'Hi#IeitxlH'ff "ag;*[r;t
fl le
L'"$""u"H-'t*1,1,:.it#"'i--aT'ffi"i'1iffi
beusroD or a coxspn siron mernber. .
 35'
.it
tvith rip
wlru alc
by methc'r
methc'r l,
ii{ t' will
ir t,r
L,5
,-i ll L.. ',
from twi.t,^,.,,o,
fwiit "
,e
le

Aq". a,nd
dqns iji ;il
a,ni[ all po:
I,'_---:...-'.-rry@urJl'u.tDul,(Ir
nd accurately,
r/u!vr, extnSrt in
Steel, sari'r.'u ,,''.,r detg,ils,
ru minor .'eta,lls; which
whrch has been been partiar.ly heated,
ell f ame,algd,
FropellJ- anleral'sd, TVelds *r.rit'"1].,-,i;'iI*',,r^
Welds in .*teeil, uho"It,orL6Jlfi;;;;,-'
. -" tnus& be
 $l
w'm
hrrt* sfii,i corurrns, the colrunn base
anch.f
out wi;[i-sa th.eodolite, ac*or;.;-il and;il;.:,dilli
Alnc
ed,
poured, -,}**i*l-in
d concrete n.T;'Jlt.,o*l:1,
TnJ,
-i;
(Uo .r,:ruoved
.rr:ruoved
'rrrniarved n.ffrrrn
: tor
ror -(to be
" adlustment.
-(fo
adiustment.
afhll
afhlr
lfhe soacen

s t e at p t:uc ttrrp. slhen extenrring or re,

an e,xl
3';11;'J'J,1jli'r:f::HT! -mu'sE
in halld'
hand' as
rtd;'[;;;;; ff;frF
sectior:.,rrhdrilrl.frre
on rrrr''rrr f,re made
*u c,ttlr*]1"
,,i i."Tiq
*.iJ. l".uor i,:i:,:r,r..*l,.r,,noc
rre trusted,
not be
ueasurements belblie u.ew
trusred, A
uew
fr"gtllfili
carefril
trusses *l"
ale
c,theiwi* packins rhd -,,:ll::t:-.befo::e
p,oi
p'u[
necess&r!' j,ffi ;,;;6,'l""tlfr
in orcrel to,rr"aku 'n
.,Hli**T;::*l-]it;;ffi
:.,tT#y,,lHf
l,h-8il'w ;ildi,ir';ifi,T.llililriTifftttT ,ii.i,"r,T
'u"essiu #f:
(*) Ducoru.noll rilronx.
 E5

Srainttti c :

,trove. 0
tionary lL

The hrand used shall be

;r and shall. be used in
.ciions.or as thoss m{ty bf

the remova,[ of t.he paint h,bovb,i'e :not, up..ln.rt,,,,uf,ali*Uo tio"ougily

witir soap a:ncl vrattr uoa'ufin
-aB
U"i.iie"t,rrrru.
wa*hecl

'l\'ew
irut anilteer utork.--Lr r*st anrl sca,ls shalr.be
by scrnping ri,nd brushing. carefu[y.ru*o"ad
(o) TJre:nu'be:r ancl kirrd of mata of paint
general.spr:c:ilicari.or:1, bu! ag to,he given shal,l,be as,in ttre
;;ik, ;h;,;id";.8;fu J# priming coar,
" "ot"**
one uncter-cc,ert ar.d orre finishing coat,
spreacl an,l
labter ir on rf
rnt; shall t;;;
shall b diy
llhe.suLri?irrx.r sha
qgi:: r:j,il;;'";r-J
i
'f,; h
.'o'ir'lJ*"i-i;ili;fr'
SUbsequent cr>ats c,f .J"*
fr: y
1rr) All.paints shal be stured.ve,ry
srir:red.r thoroughly in the..druqs. in which
!,sy recciyed ,a,n.'
&re r.r,uclye{r,a,n.
Dhe.v .rrri ' sm.aller"contai_ne:i,irnnrerji"tety_befofJ
sn
sm.a,lle]I con.taine:r irnmeriiatclv haf r,r..,,use.
oo

L11:,:'llliTgll,,:,1
s aro u sed'thr,
"uam'i:
I f;-gt:1".- #lei':'rill""di'ft[v
^..*,r,r roro ..-.it [a *ln"ild,;'6-d;tg[ Hilrli]I
painr,s and
J n pai;nfine or varn:ishing doors.
*su .wruuuvvur._
and windriws; thr: p*ily rouncl,tho
LItt, .pu,El;y found,tho gla,ss
gra,ss
ahall also be p'aTnt'etl o.nur,riihua:"s:i[;"".e rnnv be,
!.11e case .nay hirr tbe
rr,c but ar--- -^.-^a-:^.
$ho glass,must
be smealed. not

. Alt paiLnCing.rmri varnishins shall.1," odatty

end oarefullIy finished ofi anrl
the ucirtracbor
ttre ucilltracbor shall ,be held resp"onsibie
shall,be resn"nnsihla i;
;;i ffi;;b;- elili|iiT"do"r:
iog paiurt,or vnrnish, .whire it,*..D.ii retii,rired.
smear
:i:fll"l.i:i;i{i?ftiiii :Y,H'"#dtTE$1u,fl
l"i_ir;oLi r-r.- :
ilffi #f,.::1:fl
turpentiue .-:pf
or, 6,g :*$"..p"1r-*T".stainso'r:f
other.ryise draerea,
aini"iii-iiisTfy"HH;-'i;
:
 $1,,,,
b e' qaq,me+ped
ItJrT#:n :hall wtrl. the Erecrr,rive'Eueur$$ hes, +nnwec qi

, ."{?) ff so spec:ifled or.if, ordeledr bn tE Executtver, Eng,iuea' old r*.nish.

snall De removed ers speci.,fied for
t ainfios *o.k.
. (4) The nu.urberr anrd
the general spucliff,catil;i*I ;$.ive-n sha[, be.q,s fur
coat, one undorooat and, or Tecer"o orie grining,

L .'
Generatr.*.(ul) T.he {} .t^^r} .u
shallr
s'arni'ti,[l i;iil,'*ll'ne u,et bdr eerrisd dowi o
isl nrea,esst
;he llx,ecl
ia,mete,:crr
-
rr.lr.
 ffl ;

'
!'cr: urubseqrnent Teiiii[frs"thc tie ul.aieht
tiae narall,el t(;the sideiof ths well, [Eed by
meqns of plu.uop bbb,:ia4ialo the well
" "\i/
'
(oi) ltho lrrickwork'shall tre first olass .and:.hattrbo,buili ia a true circle
(unleisbPherviso epecified). "
"
Sprecially urpulded,brieks sbaU be u5gil if th.e.Executivp Engineer. so
directs.

As goon aa a length is codplbtad the tnd rings shell be frxed' firmly fr

pobitior, by irierins of bottle nuts
..
f)n no ssc{tun,t eUait.brick bate bo sDuiad.to frll eitber-i-uside or outpidt
tl* b*ii, chipe, etc., mud be colle4erl in baslie!,s and reno'rer
from lLner eell.
"*it,lui-n,ll .

I\To
I'or,r0 tn I

ed' t'
"rotali;'ftigh6
eet for 90 . cl.a5

'llhe codtractor shall fir in ntmber) to"tb

insicl,o cf the nteining of the Plo@ds eYenry'
 30
i,l
llhe sinkius shall: be measured, p6r foot height
,iett our[,.to.;il;' from wotbr-revel to the
iT,:l tbe
lottom.of *:_l;elt ourb,.to,rrirJ ,ilpii:
clip[hl,,rffiiioo,;:o,G: F8. orliere.dizby
o,G:. Fs' oncleredizh' the
Executive Engineer .ri,riting,
iu r.h,.
l; ili t, ,ll ',ii : ",i
ehau irrclurle, ali, purapi ns bai'ling,.excavation
J$.:*r:
*:l :l1k*ng
.

ondIr"lt
other work roquird- thi+;ffi;;
[g-r"
;

':r
i [.i:l i r.., i; :

2. Weil C,aryhs (]foaelaz)._{l} fli

general specifiurfionr)qt pr.Aure,A lUn";
m
hull-be. es given in th.e
de lingineer. s

f, :r:Fh
d .wn ou
":iff3ritiE,'ilr!::,siliilt
w.rought-iron-:bolh'"'of the

**"*T' r{31ffi1'tt-#l-ffi;ilns[c;ir"D,pr etcel pru*, *n"n be seourety tixed

Thr' tie-rot{g sh,,}}rbrr fixed.rin ths curb

wh'eiir $ho,whrbn s,.h.$}drawings.

l? hrickwor,lc. tirr,zrerer: bf the wert'cuib sU;ii bo c,ne ioili

inoh Irnore than. th"o?
of the
"Iln:::",ide
(za) Frrr Dnrvnsc. ,.. , I ,

- fi) a,s
timbers
Ge.rarzrai',4tfr
inific,atcd n.,
tlon. The rrills eh,lll
tn.isted grainl lilrge lcr

S.ruare oil,:,s'shrr,ll be .do

I sqrrare section,, sap u,ood.nr-eoa,redrbn 4wlnrJongitudinally c,, ty a.zing
sball nor bs iii"*iaiillfiiilffiiil]

* **ll:"^11-t::ll-T.1..!r11o|9;tlre poEit'ions 'indi',.,{6,1 on'the,btaus cnd

;l;ll,3l*T,?:":ly",XLq".t^tu"'_.ry1i=+;ift '':i,ii'i'pri*",;[#liliii,l.i#Hif,li,lXi
;r''rhe'eontraotorr.,ilir-ii;e,'i'iilil:r:#rif:ilffi.$.Ttfill
ffllff:l"oi1,.j'hrrric
Errgineer may orrter.

(?i,) tl. Lr:ngttr rln;:oubi= --".

i,
"'tu'ii"J.oiib';;'#,;ir!:ilF:i;'
ir *.oun't-r-fr,!,iriils
rleeper th;nlil;i;ns slow
hi' the
l:,11:
rlnil':n
bo *b.r,*"1
t€mnora.rv uep
temporary rrno nll.roll nnl l,^
lrlha,ll not
en' fEn
fOn
4,11,,

fl
 {{}
'NdH[*:!F ia squbl to rair'*
wotgnt .of rhohkiy
lih ,tdue.
to hoighn of ferr
or moulkey in ieet.
I:: ::::
'r* n*;";;'l,i'i
ot.*iou
lr;,:^Tj:l
ruon sare i,rf
-n;"i; ;.tnn*t *,"o.
lprd ie

, T.ohtre of :Sufe
ffi
hail
ffi ,:1i
_
i .r 'EE:: ,r
onpilos.'
Y:r_e!U'
iit rat l,ef 6,pp!r.io irrr.
ftiiast'8dli.ra, rl,ttr,.6dit
tptl|r la lqq'!d. r. I toa lioalat,
f 1 clg
1

l0
0.2S I
, o'.o.' .I.{4, r.oq,l t.er ,g,6s o+.
0.60
| I 't.€0
12,8
0.8$ t'-1q
| ' II
z.ro I ero
1;qo J .r,so
0.?6 t: 8 li6 10,6
0.60 r.0{t r'azlr.rzfz.oefr.r "911r
n.00 6.86
0.60 ,r.ro
/ r.*o'f lro j **o 6.00 8.0(

I {r} Bnceamre.

,,. "1. Unles{r

---' ror
"ck drills ane arailobfu lrgres sha,lt be j'roped,
iumpgre.
wibh steo,
Ptfuina
ora"tror ri.He ,'be jmnps6.iia mrnd,rnck'"s1d
not nearer a

slo s.enllv no fq"@ hl:::!g,r

,of
,Ir il81
bir$"n,
hoki shoutd-ff1,,"puo be j'oped
&r en sDgle
ve
*rrT-lf;
"#rlli

r" rriameter
.&*.;-,troi
r+- dronstefHfl:l is to be

rh"
qe Fl" bo
dietaaqo'of.6i
ehsll
of
ehail npt Ai'oond of
rhe
ti.rn bPabieg of holgs '95*11 be trqlB qne pqd na{
j "
.r ,rl,._

41

Issue of enplosioe.-Explosive will be supplierl by the Department.

hi.gh explgsive lcartridge

firSe or 4 oz. of. blasting
' ':1 ...' .i

TVo feefrsfrsafety. rmitted for anv

charge. Wbere there,r distance (1b'6
i'artls) or position aftei of fuse itrail Ue
suitably increasetl.

Qyantity ; sf ea:plo sda e v eq ui'red .-Ihe guantitv of :explosive needed for

each blast hole maybe obtained from the f<illowin! formrila:-
W:a(I,ERY, r(L. tB)9
,Tlp=
: )':
Where
,, i .,
..

W: Quantity oi exploiive in ources h,voirtlupois.

A& B :,Coeffieients,to .be tet_i;rdtigd ;

ti-y expgr1ghce. of 'expeLment.

LLR,:Line of least resistane€.

As an approximatiion it,man be'iisbumed'that a sinsle cha;rse S'uffices for

blast holes l]-feet to 2 feet deeii and a double'ehaige 2| feet
e'chai$e f-or"blast"holes 2+
to 3 feet deep.

'rLr
sh
sha[ be pushed in till.itj iouche,s ,ihe
The f-use shall nof be twisted or scr
the detonatbr shall theu tio,,c4imped
care being !a;ken:rro0 to'break the Fo

j:-.:r i,.j i::'-:iil*-.a:ei::+

 A2

copper r{rd.. "j",,.!t:1i' fl 'l :"

rht, rlmger_i
be resPonstble Io
{lH"ilyu$iTlir'#i'#i
traffic while blast
'l'he ,clontracl[or or hi" F rcw/J*'^"'-' ' for
'' ':a --- the blasting.sha
-Jblasts
ihe n.umber or rfirEd'
r a'a
an
I L-.c^.
lili; t |J#LJ-;'*i'-io uut"'
srr*u Ui'
:i,rtT ll; illJ'-:$
\-avJ'orr rT r -.. rL^,*-*-'
''--'-- ''to
erly one isr Permlt'ted ,'oter tb lihng'f rone'
-

n miss fired bole till XS rtinull

trti,stt /tra --'I{o Pa.ff
after tlre fuse n'zui rgruced-

bright I
shall be craped- cle'an aud
Thrr e,nds llf ttP not i*ft1;j; o'huo ti*
the chaiges
*.r",," ittl'u u., iakm to
nlaced :ul Xlosition'

of sufrcient le -'5fi,i,shelt,l,il,inea,rer thern.

il"''ii;;;i;*1 ,:,s-
B rhe
worl+ utl well
tu: 4#Hit$elftlpi:1}ili&-i'lf
rlge,
rhalli alscr t'e
 4d

,"'(O),,t''Rnprm WOrir'i.
hepai,rs to Terraud, Roofs.
, smaJi-cra.ols.-'where-the crack is fine, and t-h6 n-bach side of
it is eound, the crack should be op"ord Ft-liu.rdti[i :thl
margin.
///1,

Alter filling, 'thb

nrtbiial sfiould]bo dressed eo that its surface is slightly
-
conYex.
100 rgft. repair requires f,ron 4 to 6 lb. of Leak stop.
of, such cracks
ReTtairs'to largd cra,chs.--These are of two kinds- ,'
(a) Where the crack drainaee of
' most easily de dwarf frall
.whole of its.le g" fron the

le cracks with neat pibm tr,eak Stop.

I!.tl,Pru
;raded L18" toB18" free from dirt and
fn the p:gryllioi of 2:1.
nrooortion o{ 9,:1 Tf mi{ns
mi=ino
spraled'wiil- {f
kfir;;;:
F;'."^tli?
wet
-a"*
ina.tJrp.l!.--i?,it
"ii
-^tJ L r .rr
the cold
^L^ wQather
-'-rL-- but with a drsrrnoly.convex eurface.in the hot.se'isoh; :
t

u
tl,igid .&llers liks uibent.ud,lipo nrut
r-_
t€rrace ro.fs as they fail under oootr".tiori *d frff nof tn
""e;;";;;;
.p) TVhen.ther:o are la,rge uur4ber of smaU
to do il".sf retrer::aciog
rlepth.
Af.i.,e" pidfiog ui t]r"

Roof rrrai*ase shar o. illT;

rhe fouowins weys:-
' (a) Gutt;oring apd. C."u.::r]dll
I. dovra, pipes.
(1,) O. I. dtown pipes.
O iSpouts.
(l) Allowed. $o run slryighS ofi the caves in the case of unimportant;
buildings.

ol: r qipes
pi l' qown
ht fied eud

Wher laced so
steps
over to dise,hargo
th a bend-asto looal.ieo tEe
A;J.fr"l6.

I'rncnie
(g)
shall be in accordance with the drawing, t[e enbedded portions of posts .

l;1{,*?y-,1_.hall
rn llme
be giveu tbree gooa coats oF ceror"t
concfete"
drh df;fi;;d; f;;;;
(r) Tfunn pnoonrnc p.r.srr.

"sUorrfA
, .Only s
solntron as
bp wetted with ttre
pe.riodhk tAmpt n_ust bo made after this
"uii-on[iod;i*idiil'mir;
solution or

ca
of tt"Hiffff_ilTf3:*
sed.
The sika concain_or shall be kept" closed and thp pas.te protecad againsi.
excessivc heal aud frost.

B. S. P, (hrigp,l?.-Lino-1,000--92-1.1-1056-TD8 &
 GovBrnnrent of Bihar

ttlllmtler Resources Departrnent

a:
U
A
til
T
Y
C@N$T]R@L AAANUAI,

( ffi'tr.llDE$ PMOGET}UHIES
 QUALT'|Y CONl'ilOt, llnNUAl, tt()LAlSt lCAr_IQry

]I
WATF]R TlIi,:;C}UNC T]S I]I.:['AtI'fME}'IT

/
GOVT. OF' B:t}.tAR.

PREPAREII BY: - ER. NILIP KIN4AR.A.E.

EL:--IAPAS Kr.nrAR SINlrA, E. E:
( p. 6 r,1. crRcLE-4)
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF ;

EN" K.D. NARAIN.S.E.

(pLRtrtxttttc G t,lcNrTCRIruc
CIRCLE /,)

ISSUE) OI{ 19'th OCT. 1990,,

TYPE BY . ,. { K.I.l, LAL)--;--

.' !
.ENG
UPADHYAY T I.iEER* T i; - CXT EF - CI.J,',i.AND TT I OI.IAL T
coll,rrsSrot;ER*ctr{-.spl.. sEcRgTARy .

..
"4.1

U T1' coNil.RoL MANUAL FOR rJ,\TER RESOIJfICES DEPTI"

;t f N '[' R o' D u cfl-q

0.oo
;t
o.o1 This marrual is to st6bilise the uniform qr:eility control
stanrjlar<Js for .trrigation f" llydrauli-c str'!rct,ur6s; undrer'
execruti<tn in t'he Water Resources Deptt'
'> i

'.lit o. o2 Thls aIsc, asjsumesi special si.grrificarlce lrl the presentl

conterxt of ther fast develrcpruernt of InrlEatlon !{onks
+
'f

t:Tt)
,t .
to prov:iite guidance neg,grcling sPecr:r_fication lttt.,
stanctarrisr to the of f.{.ceri ancl staff working ln the
:

National, in'Eerest to raise tlre starrdard of the suffe-

r,*{t ring ma,s$i.
q+ 0.03 Thj.s also offers Scope for ruj,cler and mc,r'e vigotrous
appljicat;j.on oifl standards and quality con'bnol measune'
"fb o.uer .btre constr"ucti"orr and mei-ntenance wonks unrler
ln execut,lc:n.

t.
Dh
0,C14 fn absence of any wrttten cocie comprising all bhe major
asF,eEts of specifica'l-ion D st.andards to be followeld for
the quan-;Ltlz contr"ol works,variousi ongan1sations or
.ad.rptl':ri'g
agenci.es engagr:d in Lhe fielri have been :;ucle
'i-'
H met,ht>cls or. irbce,Cures that srrj-ted t9 therir requirement
and convenience,by anci by,as the 'bempo of ,cevelopment
F{ vror.k,s ga:Lned bigge;n dimensiotrs tfre scope of quality
corrt.n$L or.ganisabion grew rn,any fold and neuJ areas of
F- resFrrln,sibility began 1--o be tl'rrust upon"
H o. c)5 Quer"[ity{]ontrolmeasllreshavreta}ienadverntageofperst
i-r expe:nienr:e gai:ned in the exer:Ll(ic'rr of Rlver ValIell
pro-ir3crts such as Tenughat Dam,l(osl Pro ject, Gatlclak
Pro-iect. Fast and sp'eedy utor'r under taken by the <iepar-
nient siurch a.s construc'Uiorr of Fligh embatrltment and llyclrau-
Jic; lltr,u,:t.urres in Patna I.'lood corrtrol have also been
taliern i.n prelaring the rneilual" In addition l;o Lhijs tire
co-Ll-ect;io1 has also ireen. cione f rom Itldian stan<JardS,
U,:i, P, "tl, ,Ii,riti.sh t: International standards eluciciatitrg
thenr vJherr* necessary.
 o. o6 T'lris rnanual is; to provide
guiclance 1n partl
the grrality control orqani cul ar r.bo
satton t ln cleneral to
those en6;aqed in const"rrrctjorr al
work. 'l'lre purposc of
this gluir:iance is to strerarnline
I pl"oqramrne lvi tlror_rt jr:c,pr ilre CongtrLlet ion
,i nci:isLnq the osscrrl i;r.l
:1 of thn sipecif:ications arrcl f.rl>rj c.r
stanr.li:rds set for var"i.ous
t\rpeli of rvorl<s <Junj.ncl cxectrtrion.

o. o7 Trri's manual arso specifies;

the responsibitiLies
,funetj.ons of the cluality ancr
control orgarrisation and
o'bher: duties os,..6ps
expeeted;,of them to dtsctiarge su
':11; ,sj.te and laboratory pro:t-onrn.r
bJ
'bl/Fres; of works
161atrci to dif,ferent
ancj to repc,rt ttre day
reigar,ding quality control to day activity
wonl<s have been ap,pended
lvi.th the manual.

o. o8 r't is :Felt that dessernination

tl-r;is m*nua1 vuould herp .f infor^mation through
bring about greater appreciati
.f' the relisation of the
resporsibilltles to be share
kry' off:lcers and
staff enga(Jed in quality
ancl those who are engaged cont,^ol- r.,rorl<
in,construction rvo:nk in
securlng greater economy,e:i.f.icier"V
the cr)r.rect standard of "r,O-:
eIii:nce on
v,ror^k

O. a9 Chi ef. Eingineer t Superinterrclino

[r.r.;14e er f nc-ra:,;€
co:nstruc-uion Gre pr^inari c1_,
1l.r r.r:sltonsible :io:^ gcttr:r:;
i'Jc:r'ris cicne as pc,. th:
d.Dp! oi:€Lr Srlelci;-i-cation
T."rt.,r harre to ensLlre cf .Ll_re
ci :::err
pr cpe! cc:rtrtL cf
tie:^ougri ]r j s crgar.iisation ti:e qr:.=; 11t.,,,, cf t;
asr prescr ibecl. in tl^-::
t'Jre acrvance:ent of rrricration riani-..a I . ,

sirsten s,.:crr as I:ocel tcs

E liioirer" scientlfic resear.ch i,,.or:li in the fiel.l_,of
-r::i'cn'an patter:r cf' ;:i,'ir au11-c Irri
Reg,earch rnstitr-r.be ii:lai.a
-r'j'clsre, pi;ne,'r;::= l:irir.luiic F:es=arcl-t
b'e rrore occrll:ri.eo' tr,itJ-l irstit,.:1. e i.,_:-ir=.:eul , _i.
no,ier. iests., i:asic resear.cr:
to tirre soil test.s fcr i tir-.r
n]^e c,esign cl el!,:_r ,c1. r,3
l-ien,ce, the i::esearch i-.p s.tr-L:ci:_
steticn sr,oLrlC l.tel;:. iri cuerJ-it1,-
on1'1' q5 those r,;cri;s ilrrerre cr_)n j:,
crri,ef En;i!-r€r.,r, rnci-r*.ir 1*s c.1
cctlstnr-:ct on, v:i I 1 i ef c-r t-lit - ''" '
l:,atr,e : .;o ,",=,a.
 q
: a
:j

I.OO GE N E RAL c o n E.
i-

I .Ol Test. proeo(lLlrcs,/spccif ieations,/1irn j t,sr ancl cr jtct-i;r for

r;tab11 ity o-f ntatc-'ri a.l s ;'tsj' laicl ,,{iol.rn l.,V t"t'rc. Jrrci j rn sLanclirr.<
6.

; Tnsti t,trte ancl t-l . 5 . Il. Ii. Flartlt ancl concrc.t'.e rrrarrr:.r l :; irr
rcspecL. o1- colt(-rctc-',soi J f' ctlrcr cons:t rrrctiorr rnittcri.rlr:
"t

s;lra-ll lrc' rlclrer;:J.l y f ol loi'.,q'ri. Irrri. l.: .I. s;lr;r'l I r-rr.t. lrrc'f orr:r
over tJ.I.[i .R.

7.02 Thc guality cotrtrol pcrs:rrnr'lt-. l nrtrst q<-' thror:qlt sf)ccifir:atic

as prescribecl for a pln'i;icular t;rpc- of jotr vtlriclr eonstitut
part of cotrtnactor ' !r aclreemcnt arrc,l aclhcrc.: to it. tci aclri cvc
t,hequa1it-;.t.tlrere.th.ere:is.onv.diff,erencebetwecnttlc..l. :.. .l
agreement cthcl the prescribei specif ication, the tcnrns of
agreement shall be f,ol1or."'ed.
'l o? For thosc job,fon rthich ther-e is ncitirer contract r)or.
, raqan'i
. : vY
l-rod cn!:-i €i ,^afelvrri nn t '.Cl^
rrvr tlf C tefms
uur lllJ Of afrf eefnent CCnta j
any standard for tt31lr,, the si-.eci,,f ica+-ion E I. s' . I . slta i I he
adhptrorl .i.a

I.04 loub'"ful cases anC controversial points shall be settled

through reference tc f .S.I. of U.*s.B.P.scecificatfion l..ihiclr
shall be biniinc on all. In case of Cifference of opinion
over an1' riatter betv.'een the qua1itri contro1 v:in3 anci -b|e
.cqnstructicr-1 :.:inrl the cbjec-uiorr of -r..1?..A , il.f ,"t:-pl.C, of
quality control ::ai'be overr"ulec bf i:ssrsta:ri Enc:-neer.
(construc;:-on) :-f ne i.s convinceC il-:at tlte o]_; jec-g.ion is
inproper af'uer rccct-cincl r eascns ic:' cicii:g sc 1n r,.'rittinl.
.!rr"iilarl;.' -"hc al-. jectron of issrsi;nt Eno. ne=r^, Cturali-,y,' Con-,,
ila\i be cverr ulei. b;' tiie I>;ecu'Jr-ve Inc:-rreer (Ccnstru.ction) .

'tr}d thit-of Executlve Engineqr,Qualitl,, Ccntrot uai, tui:eryi1-

tenoing Encrneer ( Cc:1.',t uctror: ) , Tl-ie . luliir:y of ;uperinten-
ciing En:inee:' , oual l-,1' c:n-urol ';:lirr la-,-= 'uo l:e ;roricril^ei ai:rc
I

ihe corstruciicn s:1a11 l:e i:cur-::l' *,o car^rr,' cut .!:ile qu;1itr,
Ccntr ol- ciir'ec-1:i'.'e lard i,c::r 1--- r-r:,er'i:tt.e:-lc ing ii:aii ilee '-.,
Cual it:"' Cot-t-ulol- . T''-e of f icei f :l cl rar :.re o'i' Cc;:-isty-r:.c';:-o:r r:jrc
-tlt-l qrvc:- r-'-:fes,::t ci;jscticn ci cjual_ii-ir gnlj-n31 1.,'i:1.r sl-ra1i cl:
so oit 'his sc.:-c i^e sronsibili-u.,' u:ro, all- suclr ccrsss sira.li ir
r'/:.r);i-+,-ea to *,j'le l'rt.:]:e r aut'uher-t.{:ic:T cf cciil-=.i_rl:,ctic.^i anc.
.;i-.urrlit'r. Cc::i-r-c1 i.:ir-:gs(up tc i'u;:er'i;-rt lc: rr-r? li-:,Jlni.:r.) " Trr:=
'.:;'*--i-:-nteircilr'.: E:::;i--.eer, Quaiit,ii Contl^dj, -r^ --i 1 i-1:r-.lt SC-t-;C.
i:,'i{.:i'r C;S.:S :,:i:f l-i:-s cLlj1.ie)i;9 -_3 C'.,lcf i:.t-r:: i:-;e ci^.
ffi
(/,)'

1.05 A's f,ar as posslbre the stallf on the

row*r. re,yer of
quirllt1r corrtrotr sh;.r1r desir;t from t.ar<i.q
hls ow. crcr
on matt"crs of confuslons a'cr c.ntroversics
a:r-lci ref("r
t,hem 'to hiqlrer ar:thor.iti es f on clecisicln.

1.06 A site orden Book shall b,e rnain.bainecl b.1 li;rgineer_ir

Ciharge (Constructton) at s:i.te. The quality
c,ontrol s
urlilI a]'so use the slte order Bor:k for recording
hls
c'b'jectilons 0 suggestion for renroval 0f
defects quick
r'rrtr:ich sharl be arrdnessed to the
Engineer,-1n-char.ge
(co*st*ucti'n) who wilr aclcnowl.edge
ancr mention the
siteps taken by him. Normal.r.y quarity control pensoL.l
nc,'L tss;ue orders directl), ,l;o the
agency,br_rt ln absen
.f Eng il'eer- in*Charge ( Co*si:ructi on ) he may do so prov
he is satisfied that sucrr an orcrer wa.s ent.irely ,
essel
in, the intenest of v,rork. l\o Off icer t>elow the:
rernk o:
'A"lR.o. shalr issue onder d:irectly to the cons;tructir-..r
agency,,

----x
 :)

2.OO THE QUALITY CONTROL ORGANT.SATION.

(

t.ol livery 3ulr divisional Jurisdiction shal1 br.' d6.\' j qlcd

into one or more units. As there is sfiort-ett'1 g of res;eelreh
staff as well J.E. in the winql o1. qu.rlity control,
Each unlt will be put under one A.R.O./l.t',-/,5.A.n, f or^
the purpose of effective quality controI.FleId assistant
will be put under them if and when available. However
in case of works over Rs. 2,5O crore eacl-t unit shall be
provided with one or more field Assistants as per thein
availabillty. . The Executive Engineers Quality Control

shalt subnit jurisdiction chart of every quality control

staff to a.,oid over lapping and submit for approval of
Superintending Engineer, Qualitl' 5or-t1roL .

2.02 Every -qub Division sha1l have atleast two Junior Engin-
eers with each in-Charge of bne or tvro sites where they
wilI be incharg,e of checking all levels,reinforcement
etc, mainly Holvever,J.E.'s & A.R.O's will be jointl;i
responsible for the quality of work under them.

, n? Superintending Engineer, design and guaJitlr 6ortlrof t':il1

rnake arrangenent for posting of staff acco.r:ding !c tl:e
necessity of work under j-ntiination of Chief Enoineero
Construction.

3. OO THE LABORATORIES.

3.C1 Each Qual-itir Control sulr-ciivision entrusted v;ith the

task of qualitS' .o-a"ot shall be provideC v"ith one oI'
rnore fielc l-aboratories tagggc t.,,ri'"h one Ouality Cc;ntro1
unit r,'here facilities for coldr-rcting fielcl tests as t'ilay
be necessanir shall exisl., liecessary f ield Lest shall be
done 1n those laboratories v:hile oifficult and. soo}tr-st-
-icated testing shall be conclucted in the ccutr^aI
labcratcry !'o be set up at zonal head qltarters,The fj-bId
I

laboratr-rr-ies r:'il-l- be set up at suitable places v.lhere

sanples sha.L] tre refar,red 'c;"' the A,P.i',/1.n, (Qua;li:t-lr
Contrcl )
 (.

a?. The.e sharl be one central

que.t'er of c.lef Englneer-s raboratory at each zonsi ..rer
vrlth latest Equlpments
concluc,[ing all sorts
of tests on soi],cement for
mortar, croncrete etc agrgre,gater
" Thls eentra.l- laboratory sha l I
unde-bhe change of Assista.t be
Enclineers. This r.ri11 act
as rref 'erred labonatorl',
wi trr cjef iried juristi j
dec:i'de'c by Executivc ct:i on to be
lingrinee:r , c.rr:a1i y contro-l
to receJ.ve sampLes,concJuct d j visi on
llest and forward rr:sul.ts
thre quaJ.ity contrncl
unl.ts fon necessanV action, to

.o3 TFreoffii.cen-in-charge central_ laboratory s,h;rlL

the Executive Engineer'f keep
i.nfor.frred of the testinE
1n pre.scr.ibed proforma. actiliitir

gtl$g_LE_pol,LEcrroN

The As;sistant Engineens

are expected to collect
in t*erir presence c,r bv .sampie
themselve_e not les.s
o:F thel sample reguired tlran l-O /
to be collected
.^;;^^;:; :
for wot'k r:.deri
prf'ogr€lss. rn
":;jil-,".1;ii;lil""ni:*Tj
A. ?. o, /,s. R. o """;;:-=:-.:t-o*
thr:m to rl:l.fferent Iaborat.rries
for te_sts.
*_;
rlE-s, r_q! E g{_-g F _Iss rn, rs
T'her test cher:k of :.aUoratcrr,y
res;utrts cerriecl out
central. laborator"y anC b),
fiel.d,1atror.at".U nu"
exer::c;ised b5z superior to be
off.icei^s.
The cr3iltJi''r rabor^atory
shal- r aI so condr-rct
wor.ks on const+r.ucteC posst che:ckino
and f:rnali.sql ,pork.s in
iT.anr:er the fol.lorriina
(A i clAN,\L
ll'y.'iee. in gvery f orlrright
for f ield de:ersit.y end
cc'iirpar:tion ef f icienc,y' .
i' the f ielcl of nol leo
i.:'.11 irr unit.
(,
1 tt DAt4 |

(i ) Tv;ice in evel-j/ fcrt,nj_r_;i_rt

for fj-eIcJ clens;.Ltlr nncl
coli{pac.ci.cn in t}re f iel d of r.oilec fl.1I,
(ii) ,lrice i n e\,'e1y i:r-rrth f or p$rrea
bi 1 i t.,r, culre:;
" r"rlrd i sturbei rcl ie,j i.on of
f 1i 1,.
 , .t I i, ,,l

(r 11) Pucca works:- No test unless asked by the Executive

Engine:r/Superintending Enqineer Quallty conLrol
organisation

Tlre samplinq or perforrn.rnee of tests part.icularly

on pucrca works shall he s'.tch as to atvoi.cJ any harln-
fut effect on tlre strurcture the ainr of these testin
is to ascertain tl-re Qurality of construction done
in th,- previous fortnight thls would also prorride
a check on the penformance of Quality control wirig.
The test results showing deviation from the
prescribed specif j.cation sha1l be reported to 'the
Executive Engineer,Qudlity controf .

( iv; / deviation in moisture

Corrtents = O.I1.6. EmLa Dkm€::.l_l,l.c- x 1oo
lr -
U.i\r.U.
^

(v) / deviation in compaction

s I i f -r Fn-\/

x 1OO

3.07 The central Iaboratory shaIl copduct suitabilitlr tests'

on ='l 'l srrnnlw materials cf its'area and the '.qff icer-in
charqe Quality ControJ- wlng sirall ob+-ain a certifrcate
reganding their suitabiliiy before aIlor';ing use of thein

F-r':er-rrfive Fnrrinaer Orre'l if'.; COntrOl- ShalI see tnat

reer r qver4 e j the
ni rp'l i i.rr
\/re.crr Ly r-r:nlrol llri na --ll<a suCh f ef erenCeq nY^crlrerl rr tr--
the cen+,ra1 I aboratuorv.

3.C9 The Q'.rality Corr-,-r^o1 fiel:'r,rnit shdlt alsc collect satr:lll-cs

of a1I consiruction natr=,r:'-:1s as and';,'hen collected at'
sites and send theri fct' test to the central laboratcr^v.
Tire Engineer-in-cl-:arge i,,'i1l- repcrt for"tnrght,ly abcut ti:e
coll"ec;tion of const.ruct,:Lon natet^:la1 at si]ce LO tite
,ri,ssistant Engineer Quality Control v,;ho, '",'ilI arrange fo:.^
t-l-l
sann-'l e colie<:ti-on and its tests at crritt^d] lal:oratory.
Tire c+nl:r-aI 1a'r:ora,r;ol-;"' shall cctrcluct tesF- ancl t'e1:ort t-c
i,ne a.. F, \Ljuariti,
;, /^
Cc:r-,,rcl ) for
a \
fur'bi-,erl a.cLic.,n.
 F1

3.i0 The cent.ral laboratrrrv slrall elso carry htrr6nolorlrcerI

;:nci motorol o'1ical observations withir.r 1ts
Sur,isrJiet".ion,r,r
ancl mtrirrtain proper rccor.<ls.

3.11 The Crral jtv control wjnrr Ai: a.l -:o trlrr: corrtrnl l,:r .hrlrlrt,or.,,,
shall poirrt oub the clef _ects; or dc:f ictencl, in cr:rnpl,e.te
r".rork ()n matenial.s selectecJ fcr \rse. Floweyer,t,hc aecepta_.
nce or ne.jection of any nrater:La1 cln the bi:sis o:f test
data rvhen not confonmirrq to I. S.I , sprecif j"cations, or
recti'Jlication of defects in b,hc- eornpleted worl<s wil.t t..
at t'frr-: di-t:ect,i,rn of Engirreer-:in-charge(construction)on
Lris sor,e r"esponsibirity, rn surctr coses referenc,e sharl
F:e macle in the o.K. carcr. sucrr matt.er shourd be brougrrt
to t;he rrol;ice rctf Execut:Lve Ent;:ineer:/Super.:Lntenrjinq
Engi.n.eerr" , {JlraIi ty Control .

3.12 IIEI'nlls rhl CENTRAL LA,EORATORI]ES

Eesul'bs ojl test perfonrned in .[]^re central laborat.ories
shoul<1 tre repor.ted in ttrer pt.esc:rih,ed profor,ma containir,cl
+;he follor,tl.ng test :- \*
(a ) Soi -L

( i. ) lis:'Lurbei: - Graln *si_ze ;inal_\,€is, proctor q f-.\:1rr:n*- ,

ar
tesl;,Atterberg liinits, i-rlrineabilitii(ai C). 1,1 C n.r r.- \ i r. v ..'. . :.. .:.
\
. /

shear tes.t ( RernoulCed a.b C.lt. C. E t,j , i;. 1.. /:ra:-ned /

UncjrainedI specific g:,r avlt1,.

\raJ LJnci:i-sturbed : - r:e-LuraI lici sture content

--,r3DSi.'u),' 61-15r
i'."reI'':i'e5 bi 1i ty , cons cl- i cla ti on , sliear iest ( cra i.rrec,z.
f untlrai.ned/at I{.1... C. o}r r;eturation)
f (B ) sAr,ri)

{
Cnacling, F.i.{. ,3t.:li<aae, or-tJanic E si1.b c:on+_errL.
I ciel:'L+;ericr-Ls nareria 1s and ]*,rt-cd conl:errt .

I ( c ) crl'lil.ir
fln:r,:-i ct=,-^<! l i,r. i;ri-ts:L
t :.-Jt le l;1.;rr-1.::.rtJt , 1 t-r -c:l-r;__ u t,.J (; I
''l- f- q .: ,\ i-. a,! i ^ E 'l 'I f1 a: ff1- t\

il
 9

(D) COARSE IGGREGATE.

Gradlng, Soundness, Cruslring value, impact test,
ab.asion, absorption, sp. gravity etc.

(E) BOULDER

Soundness,r'Jclglrt t' size, absorption, sp. qlravity

weatl-rering condition (visyal ) abrasion af ter breao
king to proper sizes, '

(F) FTLTER MATERIAL

Grading , uniforrnnity co-eff i ci ent , weather ing

conditions (visual ) and test as for sand and
coarse aggregate.

(G) WATER

PH va1ue, silt content, soluble salts

(H) BRICKS

.Demensions and phy'sical properties including

cornpressive strength .

(I) F{ARDENED CoNCRETE

Conpress ive streni,th* anC proportion

(J) HARDENED I'IORTAR.

Propon-uiote & +.ensile strength,

(K) MIX DESIGN

Finrling and recol'-nitrendaticns in r€Sp€c'u cf cenent

\*'-+'i ^-^
\Jvrr-q::ii,vr',;irD,Jur qf.rer'tf.h
Llpurr ;r6'.1
cvilf j prrarl
gvcurttcu=Ir.'=l-an r'onUifellt=nt
I EU_

pr opgrtion, stu:.p +nd ccnsl stency.

Test f or f oulicia urcr-r {,-,,^ > 1-u :i 3., q

r l i v g -- --.+- r ^-. e.n.J
u I ull -;:t-i Srtu
nerr,ea'r-ri I itvl Cther r,nnnan-l-i ac i f testec shail-I l;eI
i r,' i.'iie i^€i.i; a t')'. S r:o I tu-r'n cl^ foot ncte.
r-ci-,c;rtecr' :..

The fielC labcrat-cries ,':ill rclicrt i-heir tcsting

activi'uies, i. i{', carCs iireartt f or soi t , concrete ,'
 . lo
ma$onf,ry, bnick,filter
and boulden pitctrtnq
.Sll.rce they aFe not
to concltrct suitsblllt,y works..
prororrna wirr be
test
;:;t;Jffllt o.r(.c.:rrrs onry.
of o. r(. cards "_;:il ;:'::.:;";:;;'",1,.n1],,.1"::":
. proforma for reporting.J
test rr:sult bv centnal
rebronatories have r,*or,
.n"**' iJ"an. Ennexllres.
4. Oo I'lA,IUIqMilj;cE oF RHcoRqs_p_l:If@
4.O1
the contractors' bv corrstrurcti.on
H ilil:::.to rinsineens
o. K. ca,.ds -.iJ'ril"::';ri'l;i,
by E:<ecutirre Engineer
"l"ri[J'*":*ilft::i
euality control 1s receiv,ecl
blz then.
1.02 The 'rt'R' a'/1,E./,r.R.A.incharge
cc'rn'rr'or unit sharl of .ne-oror rTrore Grualrty
maintai-.
Quality contror.
c_ac:h urrit"ugi=t*"
wonl< sepranately fq.
rec<l.ding of fterd observations,/tes*" ""O'_n.rl make daLly
]-rn'l^",,::tl:
" /n R. o. vril r be ro
F A r',r , F:.A
' '
f i ellct te s.E and make
perform ,l::.Ii-1r,"i,.',n.
entri es i:n the o. K. cards
or s;u':h o'bhen works as , regist;ers
rnay be assig.ned t,c
unit incharge besj.des him by fij.s
routine h,orl.c. .J d,

1.O3 Q. S-:-.1jAxD
'illre sirste* of
Qualitit control by o'K,
.stay' ;rs a:t lnCespensible car'<is has conie i-o
and ,=rd="arre merthoci
y:rov'e<i its; potentialiti.es enci hras
provicies a crear link .since its intro uction. It
betl.,,ee' .[aboratory
fierd co:ntror ancr cja-!, testi.,J an.
to cJay ]t:rol..r1edge of
r:rents ag'ain=t di:sia' fie_r.rr achiev*
c.ite i'-icrn and at the
'::nsunc] an unfai. lin3 saile i:iiie
?rip ol./el. th,*. constructiorrs,
'l'he C.K. carcl consists
crf .bi,,,o sets of cc1,.1rins.
to lte f i,I l.ecl up i:), -c:lre i.,ne set
con,str.uctrons Enr
other by the euali ty ccntro.L
set r,:1a1;e to the 1oc.:rtion l_"=;",; T:T;;_,'l: :i:=_,
arici type of l.uor_k and
l''.e1-i'lcr;_s of its i_he
perf or:-;al_rce . .1,i."
colur,:rs ro be fitteci secon,l .set coirte: r,ns
i,rirlr fielo., ;;;;'l"nrrr=
I aboni:tor.;, clata. anci
 11

ThcAsslstanttinqineer(Construct,ion)wi11pr.e1-errethru.rt
in the first' set-' of
copies of O'K' cards bry filling over them
'Xot.rmns meant for the construction staff hancl
control ttnjt' Thc cluaIi;12
to the incharqe of ttre qtrality
staff irl- v';ot'l" sit-t'J'ti'i'l 'ii.'\'if '^ v;iIl
conlt^c:l '1s11'1c;l
performnecessarytestunclerquiclat-rceofA.R.O.tilel\.r.
Qualitycontrolwillscrr-Itinizet,hco.K.carc]aftcrobt_
(fiielcf C'.;entral Laboratot'v)
alning necessary ltb' ResuIt
after getting the o'K'Card
and f ield test o'K'the vrork
countersignedbyExecbtiveEngineer,Qualr'tyControf.if
observed o":
any thins other wise was not ::::t-:::-o'tt'
Iinqlneer:
be retu:rnecl by him to the Assistant
card shaIl
(Constructron) for necessary rectification'

C'K Card should refer to the defects

The subsequent
removaL if Pointed out in
the Previous o l{ . Cards.

(Construction )his J.E. shafl i-ssue ('l

In absence of A'E'
R.A. will Perform tire
K. Card while the A'R'o'/J'E'/J'
of A'E' in his absence if authorised bY him arld
duties
J.E./.1.n.e. the duties of A'R'C'
leveIs 6ni:qettin$
After processing tirrough v"":-otr!
counfdrsi-gnectb;rExecutiveEhgineer'Qualr't't'cbntrtolc:'Ie
of the c'K' Card shall be r^eturned to +-he A'
copy
(Co:rstruction)v:hicnshallforr:'thebasisofpair'-'rent
t-o tre lxt:clrti''re
and o-'her copies shall be fori;ardec
f or l''eepingl one set f o:
recclrd
E:rE ineer qua-'r i ty con-urcl-
'
set rtill be sr:bri:itted by Execut'ive Erl';r-neer to
and one
i"'hose control ile is
Sr;perintenoi-ng Erigineer under
i,;or1"ing.

a
it is aiso iel-u necas--si1l'ti;a-u Ar:r
ef
be dcne +.o assess the qi;=iitl'
U'J J

*ts Si-rcir
gt-e =il 3_r;l;=l- 'uc gc a'l r':'acl '
con-ul^ .^-l
by A ,lE, /A-. R ' o ' /'J 'E' Gual it;t'
L'e i-ssued at'Ieast '';;ithirr thr^ee ia
in
f l;l're i,;,-;r'k, 'iiii:l 1-e:t-'- re 1':c-'r-t"
'ba i;s f Cr Paitl-:ieI-)I, '
-=
{,

. 1..

,(iper:':Lmen of O. K. or Ver rious works sluclr €)sir s;oi. 1

(l.rr.<.J f
,

cot1,c:re1ic lrTrGrsorlc-rry, f il'te r arrci [rotr]cJcr

I]itclrirrcl l.ravc, Lre,.c:-,
app,endccl ltt trnrtC )rtrr yr..g and t, lre- pt.rJ, inri n;_rrV .t-cs1 rc.lrc>r.t.
forrns have also been appendr:ci as 6;111p1ul^cs.;i ,

4"4 PROcR_ErsS|_EEFgRT

The A.lE. inchange of eua1i.L.1r control- sr.rbdivis:ion r,ri.[l

coll-ecb for:tniqhtry progresr; neport endirrg every r;irt5i-
ght fr,cm the A.R.O./,j.8./,1.R",q. euality contro1 urnits,
and subnrit to the Executive Engineer Iabest within .bhree
days - The in-charqe centrar laboratory l.ui.l1 also sr.rbnrit
the pro(Jress report endinq rnonth.ly to the A,ssistarnt
Eng:Lrleer p,cs:i'bively by mon.bh end.

Ther Executive Engineer, eual:i.Ly Control v,ritl. cornpj-I.er aLl

t thrcse progress reports e, prel-)are his own errding every
mcrr:,'Ll'r and subr:.it to the Sr_rpr3pintr:nding Engineerr and Chief
I Errg:ineer, within one week.

I Nr:ccessary proforma h,arre been appended in annexures.

I 1.5 FI:T]L;D tr;\$ORATORY

I Fi.eLd l;lborator-v- sl-rall- be set'u1: at heeci i\,orlis sr:t,e at_ong

-Lr:c' Ca,Tt,t I ei;,b=.;'iif:,;ent- at iF;!rsp.i;r-r1, q.truc.ture
tO c&r.r-y 6;y-1

t f j-el c test f cr tite pur.j:ase af c-ual ity coritrol in clistanl

arca, ',',';.lere ;1 ccess to ce:ttr-;li lar.crator:.es is diff rcui.!_t
I

t:i,= C€:::tr.-rl 1a'croratorS,- i:,ay ;r1s9 act aS f ieli .l a)-rorator,,.

f o:' r^:rrks j-n cor:r.iirr-rcirs E:r'ea . Ti.e f ollcv;i:rg t r,,st j_irc
f;r;i,l- j.ties v,.ou.r.-c e:-:ist irr the flEIi 1ai:oi-atol-ri.
( i:.,t 5: IL,
1r \

\a) Fff'tai.5r-r-rl
_21-,.t,?J.

\.J/
(t''

/ r-. \

(r.r a ,-r-
i: r' e :; e:'i,:: t= L:i. .|.-1.Lc
(,r: -.1--,--:.
t_{:1._lC)L,:l ;:i:el' j-2 l. ( :-r',!ai i,i c, .s.ll.t etc . )
\/,i l:^i:iir^rg er-';:'l'rqi t F I'

Fl: l-<in:
 ( )c clit'lENT
(1) Sietting time by vi cat needl e te*.ts .
(2) Partial setino by seivinq
(d) CCAR:-]E AGRIGATI

(1) Atrsorptiop
(2) Gracl i ng ana l ys i s
(3) Sp. Gravity.

(e) FTARDENN CONCRETE

(1) Preparation of concretc cubes for strencrth tests

at central Lab.
(f) FRESH COI.JCRETE E I.:CRTAR

(i) ratio
l.'./C
(2) Workability; [1r slunp test(t,tot for mortar)
(3) Dronan:t'i nn

(g) Ff LTER I"LqTEP,IALS.

(1) As for sand

(h) B.P.ICK: /

\4.,, A! I ECSCS :CI^ Pni"srcaI prcperties e >lce nt. s i- rr-rrr-'til

.-t

r.;l-rich wilI be conciuc.ted at central_ l:l-rnn=ia-:r

(1t E'UL-.'EF.

(r/ -:.'lscrp-u i on

l irrens i ons
/-lr'- -sual- cbs=t"vatj_cn es r.e:::--.: .r:.i-lt=r.i_ir: eic..ll--L
c--her te.s', v;j:-l_l- :e ccnduc:::,-,
=:. cr::.a;,?ai ]al:crr='uc)-i,
iar l;---.1cit sa.*-t:l-e Frl-lal-l te .:::,:L i;rr -uite f1.:-:d
laroratcrr=s to tne c€I-,i_:-'ri I ia;cr-ati:.r^ies.
 l4
PqTIES OF
-cluA!,r"r. co{rnol_!{rNc
IIfiLlr A$.slLS;,TAhrTs

_J!glpin1r i n s
.:I ri
*::*i:: T=
Ltiile to t:irne <lssicl'ecj
::: :dil, ;;,:;
^ccor.<j r:,.ir j. n I c,
::t- :,. I ",::,, t,r,, i, ;;;, ; ;
rrrci ot lrr.r. r.",c.rrir,,
r::.,, ..,*rioF
of rL c< :]::'.l..
JUreE--E:ciSC.-NgrsrA.Nr
Cor-r<.tuc.ting,
f i€,1rJ 6116 centr
rnaint€:n;rncr.r rrf.recorcls r Lab" tests,co)l..tloi
and reri of
- - -r \/i I ()r sarnPiJ-e
stens I

ass
lgl"\Nr _jl.ruFA R r.,r{_oFFr cnR,,

conducLinrl f:l.e:l,C
arrd ccntral L;:rb,
pr'epar-atior of' test.s
test r.eI:cr_ts,.,^;;,:_.::'.t.s, col1ec t io. .f sanplc::
I
I ff ":i;::'';":;= ": *;:iFi;: "il.='l^*""']"":;::::=
T;:, ::' :.''
rcr s a'r re.c'; i s,
,

r
I
I
I
I
ti;:iil#"' e.

I g'crlL>re 1 superrrj si.on o,

,".u lo "r'
I, :I-q! r oE_gtl.;],lr E riFf : _

iI - .ts'

+,1; _I-,ii*ilT liiil--q ii_il_L-lill-i:

-

l'..-
fl^
:.- Ur :_-

-! i-c

.1..: S 1.S.- e:-:t l

i:.: _:.-.,:e,3i^S
lr{; L:.a::.\,:.^r
d, -"r" ''' -:-; - _: i
i:i: t".:r : a:'.-F-'-' ' ...;
c::ril; -;:i,L'i
ir-;:-: ;..._ .. j, c j:; S .l I
i;., i,.js s;b;i-,:i.i:_; r:€:s.
f: , :, ,-,
=;

.- !r: i: j r

q t.: flr - - ' r')i

4, ) ii

i r.
c. *'

,-.
:l
I
I

;il+tE$trIiiE#i*s{i ::r;:i,{ I
I
 t!:

EXECUTIVE ENGTNEER:.-

l
Execut 1ve E.gl ineer,Qtrali tl'Control 1S r-r'rrnr-t od to r:lleClc rrC'lt.

less than 5/ of the tcst, conducted by hls suborclin;:tes r

E>lccutive En<-;ineer s''r,- I1 co-orclin..rte supervi sc artcl quicjc ther

staff under his iurisdictiorr

He will countersiqn test rcponts' e>:ainitre all the remarl<s of

' -,., 1

test reports and pass on to concerned authori ty after puttiar

his comments and siqnature. ,-..-
 IG

5. oo sPqq.]r,trllryI!_i:
5.01 EA.[TH F.!-!r!,: - Tt:e
enti.re oFerir!'lon rnay t,c briof -l ,,r
sunmcriscd under tfre f oJ 1cr,'i nl
ltei,r,.Js : .-

(a) Ror,ror\'aFea Control

(b) Crlntrol .of cornpactiorr

( c,l FiIter materiaLs anci llLpnr:p

(d) Te.s;tirro ancJ neporf 0. l( , C,rrcJ ,}

(-) Fectif icatior-i ancl nemeclial rneasures.

E A
BOF(ROW A}TEA coNTROt_

f ti The borrort area shc,r..rld rnvariablt,

be cler,-ra rl.,ed L
C,iyiCeO 1n to Eriis anrl nq:;1i;s1.u6'
No Lrorn.:w pits
shalI be opened vri thi:: a .Cistance,
lf of I O Fl of. t.he
toe line on the up strr3ss 6p6
S H of t-.he roe l_ine
It on the ciov:n stnearn side (if ls
the lreigirt:f
e..:i:ank:errt )

i;r.p

I':rs p',ar-+- of bor- rcl,., ,:i ts '.i n ?peratilr) :-rUSi

]_,r: il,r,.\r-_
u.lr" p;;ed qrf ef i ti,p*rs (:rf v'egt tet j
ol-t, r,c-rot.S:. ;._

| /-\ l..Ji.E ^-l^l-1

c; i,. i-j I
-. , \-. C,f t-t',,,tCS l.i *=..ri Ir(l
I i-:'--.r^, Jl
r.: i- Cl ,=,-i ,
t "
.l
.t

i c i-r''^o co:':t,+: its cf L orr.r---i,; nl-ea :-.1':o'..1 l- cl i 3 el .: L z:, -.

-.--j :-.-rl e>.',-i' e t,;; -.:; I Sl..:,u],; 'l-;+ : -'rir,-i l- - , q-.i^"i -;"1 i,^.-

ri - 1" ^

**i
 I'j

or froodlng the surface i.rr operation onc drerirr

advarrce if found cleff icient by Z / or rno .j _,f t
C;l.i.C. on wet borrow pit by more than one perce
for impcrvicr.rs and b), more th.rn Z/ for serniDe.rv
of C.11. C. slrolrl d not bc: opcFcrted .

,. !1-( collTRoL oF CoMpAcTroN:-

(1) The qualitl' control staff on the embankment mus

ensune that semiperr4ious soil iS placed in thei
sei-nipervious zone and sar-rci,/firter materials in
the f ilter lay'er as per ciral.ring.
.1

\z) Eefore placenent ilre sunface must be cleareci of

vegitation and roots $itctr.=s ancl burnps, scarif i,_:d
6" cf depth of proper binding ar-rd moistenei.

(3) Fi l l r:aterial s shoulci be placed in layrqp. of

sr-rfficiently 1ar-qe 1ength and breath to af1o,,;
the rol lers to r..iove f reely and to avoid lcints I
perpendicular joi-nts to the q,ri1s should be avcic

Fver"y 1ai,'s1- shoul_d pr oject be;,,sn6 the

seci:-or-r Ii
i:y not les*c t:crn 1 ft.

,r,
^'l :E
rir r^-*: -^
uL,:...rJI;-.,)is st1ll l:-i ti-re -vet-ace l,t,C. cf ti:
rrii+'^r-^' c
=
Y'\r-; ::usi':e as-Jertair:eC frcr;.:t coi.l-ec,Jici
i_Ji-: !'F A'r' aI'ea D:f sSCS ]i:,,- ecti;ai i:et.ei-rina1_-i ol-r.

t1.c. _]ci
1L l.- )-
\.: i .:
^

l.o + ) f _' ,-,1.

-i- _:: c- =-.r,_r_.._:ql_1._ LO Lr(:r_+:iij,l'f L, l-.1,:ef.yj.C,; .:: q. .-, -i 'i a, r, !

l:t-.\-,r-
l

ic,.'+t- s_rie ii-r,1 s.=:.:-.ri_,=r-,1:tcL:s .sc:Ll- cn t l-: a i.r j .-.1^ 5...,^ ,_ :

. cf :,:' , C, , r>i-_t.a i.-;;ct^ sicr:Lc i:e aciq.,_J .i.rn '1-l-,=. i:=:/
I

s::i. i-.:".:-;l tatf ..'

=i:=r .:l:-t oi-rl.ir-ij SC aS tc
.lt L|->r: :.
,_ ,r. -t.:-:ar .:,1.1 s :, f .li_i l: :..-:,:;
.:,..-,, ",.=ar.i"
,_1,.1._4.q -,^ ,

r.) q -. ^o
!Uratr'j--t 'f ..::tcr i_c ;:1,-.:,e
 1t!

thal cxtent of h'aterinfl to clcrrr(: b1' jet-spray.:i_nq, L_rt

altfr,cugh roucrh or mcr\r k)c rnncjc try ca I eu1..rt j,orr.

(e) Aj-tcF Spt^cr-rtiinq irr I,nVcr*s,ct l,,.rl.l cf 1,, cj,i er ma), lic,
nr;<Jc 6y11i dn<lpper.l f r.n,ir il lreiirlrt of 5, . T{ j i
r..e..t.r1r.tr_;
morc c)r' l'::js jts sir,rpc t_hen t.tre l;,C. 1s tl4,.tr^ Llr<:
op'bi;; lrm c:'rc r.1r irrcl r-,f,v L,cl crr lol.lccr vurri l e cre.c)<:,
,
shotJ dcf icient ancl ired\/!", cJef ormat:ion rilrov.,s; ovel.
rno:istune . Jn car:-,e ()f ef'f,ieiency fur.tlter f.,ra.tcrirrt
Sh<>uld be rlonc by slroeer-S f ronl tanl<e n or
Jet:
f ountain , rvhi le excess moistunc slrcuf cl bc s,u'
Cri cd
v,'h:lclr is .lrng process
"

10 Tire earth should be laicl in layers not rrr.t.e tr-len 9',

(11) The cornri,3c'tion sirai-l-r- be corrr: in unifor-m hor.izcnt.:rl

1a--,'ers cf 6" to !J" thicrir-re-ss after aclcJj.nq requisite
quantitrr of l';ater irr or..:rer io bring r-lre I.i. c. cf
1-.he
lal/c-r upto C. i,l. C , 'Ilte .:iur-,be. of passesi of the:
ro-Lre.s anc dunati--,:i oi iam,:,ii-i:r Jrr.. ilrc I'.,er,:hanica.i
te:ioen shcl]r- be suc.ir t.rrr t tire d.^1r flgne,:if'r o1.,re
coi:.pacteC filI is,t1:1,=:.st !:5/, or as *Fec:rfieci o.f
rc.c ::.: . I . o'rtaine: in tne labcratorl,
on :_ i,;,i -i;:r.,
sc:i l- :is
lr-

fll.lTl,lf . i1!j\:I-EF-IILS & F rpp.Ap

5r',::it.'i f i.L:ei 1s :'.t:.-..i,ie:.J :::-. -. I ,: :'l l. l- cl: i. :'ti -,: ci:,i: ,. .f.-.r
.-. L.., :

l:l-.e (::t-: icl: :iri: i:t:t ;.E cl i,ei-r-:,::1,:...= j ',:;1;r11 l,.rl-iir:l I r:l er- "i ,- -
i!-.!j.j:-

,",'r:ul,:; Cai,i-:-= i_t-,::i-:3aFe i-t-r r:r.. 1, i.1.,. ,:j 7_,:i: ci:?1r:>

ij
i.. -.ll^;-.3..-l
.. a) .'-: :- :::: il€l-..-r_l-,,-;: i:,J:-,;: anc] t_rf ci:, trr.:,
i1
*
1r\ i--1::it it":.;t.: .: to :e r o,':::-t L.ii_:,: { -:_:: ..5,;1,-,.1
I'i :.-

C j-. i :': t,: :' _i :. i :,:1. .

i1) l:?i, l,

.:.tj .1 l''(: ){-tO. f: .j. f'. sl-r

Le _;

t.:- 3i: :-, j.:,.", i-.\, j,, r,.jS.

'V .'. : l:l ts! a-lI l.:jrr,--l s,"'
r" 1 .,-
: I 1at: i

c
i.:^r
 1-

|..,:. l i : iilr-: j' rr,; jt:1r.iir',..t':.1! i;i: l!::i:i';Ti':i''-'+'i!i'fii

tn layers of 6" thi.ckncss and chaind by dozers

chain or compacted b)'mechanical vibrators af''er
profusely rvatering to desire comSraction ef f icle'trc;y.

Fitters would t'rc alsc providcd in thc rocl< toe:

ttlriclt slroul ci bc conlp'lct'e ci l:ir woodel-) ratnmers af tcr
saturating tlic saircJ as cl-rainincl. L>1r 6o''t'l^ t'"rottld not
be possible.
/

()\ UPSTREAM SLOPE PROTFCTION (RrP-RAP)

lpstream slope protection on a properly dressed

siirf ace' r':i 11 be s and , the: ef ore , pl ac inq and cha in-
ing n'.ust be done carefulllr to avoid the mater'iai
rroffinr-r
9guurrlv co'l ler-tor]
uvrrvevuv a',!- n'lac:esi -qecotrd laygl of
filter w111 be chlps and third layer will be of
boulders. They mu:t confirm to proper specifjca-
tion as +-his f ilter" has to pla1z iinportant rof e
under drat.t-Co'ur'r: ccndi+-iott -ifre size should not ne
less than 4" and YJt. not less than 75 Kg.

(_\/ gEII4EY .T]-!TETI

Gradec Sd:^,C ef unifor:inity co-ef f icient gr^eater r-i--l-reli

5 anc F.l,:. 5.-'.;'.een 2.5 to.:..2 slr.:l-l- l:e p'rovidei 1as
fit:er ilt the chi:-.''ne-r.. Tl:e Casired corl-rp;ctiolr slraLl
1;e eclri,eve;C v:itil i:ire ile.lp of *':a11 corer^ or
;-c::=-.:rica1 t'i'c.r'=--cl^ ail-er co::,c1e'u? ga'Lj-l1^a::-''lli' i:ill-
'rhis j--)ui^i--CSc i:le 1a;,.ing of- cir ir,ne'5r s;l.t:i atrd do'';,"-:s-
ir'€ar: Se:.-:t:,oii sllrr;ld i;e -uelien uD siie i:"1'r sicle tc
facr1 ir;aie tr,')'"".1:-:3I-it cf r):-;:?r,

5. O5 g.L'
-s- T-J-:J
g
-- P*- E F:f-q 1R I
-::-..;
i:iS ^
j
]S ^
Lt-^
i-l--c
.-.-^ra
.. j'':U
i--'.-.^.1.*---,:-
r'.t2J; -a!) ! i-''--'I L cf .i-i-:e qria i i tlr c,:'ri i:r'c l
fr-;a,',:l;ioni:-:; . it ral a--1e-' l:c : --

(1) e=ri:!: f i 1l-

(2) -.---J tLi
:-arj
':
:a: ---^,-,-,; i - r

,-..!: a- - ,- L
(*=) 'J !. -.:.- .- l-. I

(1) (1) i.. r:-- L a) ,.;1+;i:(cr- birii:

 ..,(l

cielrstty) sllall l-rc cjc.tcrnrinr.d

by core cr-r1ter _.-.-
necir^e -st to O. S Grn,
Oti:cr mctlrocls-i
I necdle pcnctratiorr tr.s:ts,k,ut are s.trrct ;Lii- -: -

t.lrc. Ii:r1,6,, rsj nct

reI i,=r[r] e a.cJ f crr.,i:cr. is t imc. c..c,rrs'tni
r_rq , he nc:i
of qLlcsiLiorl 'rt. I

( ;i.:l ) l:c"c:oncl sL€r6lq. i

s t lrr,, cJc i,.r.,rn,t rrirt j o;.r r:f thr.. j. (-1.
th;: Cor.c sarni:le ullr i cl) nt.-r y l of
i.,,6 cJonc kry ant opi:-,
the f ollowinq rapirJ mothoclg. of

(tr) ALrout 250 o;r; of nct. soil prer,.iorrslV I,reir,l,recJ

slt,.:ul
dric,i in f ryinq par_r c,n a s rovc
i:.::":tctc11"
\.,JL.cr I t-oss cf anct
terrc content i.s deLer,lr ,irre<j.
l,:osi
T'-:e' //t"'c'= Totai 1c--ri
c'f ricisturexl00,z.resrcJn.l ,, rr
(b) Abc-rr-;t l.oo gmsr of r,.,e
t sci ] pr^eviousl)r v,,r:,irf_,oij.,lio.,
l',e L'rlrrnt 1n a p.crce):i_r:e
, basin r.,,i ilt iiic,[_.]r.1, 1-e_:t.ed
so.r-r rt arrd tcli-al lr:lss
;j mcr j sluns corrte r:t i:i
d,=te: r'i:rneC.
il The percentaqe l.:.C. ,fc,r"al
= loss of noi:.ture.
.x lO0z,Resldr;a.l {'Xr^y soil_

s tl_

:^ .i-

't^
i - rr I
lt
lr__ I :*'^ '
I 'r c ! '.-,^
'- -..:: :: '.--. _:-._.-._.r
t'-, (: I ,
"._.,

_1
,: . (,1
:,
1

I
l
1

,
/1
i.l

I
,}
 i!i:i
i:.:
'?t i''l

::l

Or t tl.C. (on dry weiqftt basis)= 1OO|,1CW

1OO-tucl..r
:ii
!d
iiltere I{. c.1,; = lloisture contenb on v.ret l^rciclht basis
That is each M.C. determined b! the rapid moistul-e'
method shou,ld bre corectecj by formr-rla A.
(d) Yet another method is to clcternine the I\{. C. f rorn
Ir1. C. and wet density curve of a P.:rticular typc cf
soil, Since the same ti,p'c of soil for which the
curve had been plotted is almost impossible tcr
nl-r+-irr 1-l.ra ^,1F\ro!,
t vrrL
fl-rannfan,l
urtLl stul g V;OU].Cl
IJvuIv nOt
tluu he'lCl
IlEr\tr r-roorl .,rnri
irltLr
vL,t_r,rl

the I'1.C. so determined vlould be erroneour;Aclcrin

tire conipactive 'Cft. tested per cft of soll in,.r-he
laboratory and in the fleid differ and lrence thcr
nrethoC is not recoirr.mended for tlre purpose of
passing the layers. Hol...reven, er rouqh estimate of r,:. C
ri,a), be rnaCe r,,rith this mdthod & dryciensity anci'
coirrpact.ion efficiency car-r no\.{ be cal.culated as..
unCer : -

(1) lry ietrs-:it]'= i.Jet ciensitv x 1OO

100 + i.t. C.

\z-)

Ii--l-;13.j'):'.,it,JCi-.icil ei'jiL-ienci;'co i'ur:rd j-s i:i_it.,.: ulr+i.l

i:.--:e : i:ri-::,u,::-r r'e lui-r'ci .f ot' tl':i.s i.,,it l;,,',a..; l:re ,li,-=;.ec

1n r'ilsl::i;c'; of r-jGltSj-'l-i'rlleecle i:.:-l'i,.=ir.;. 1;iC,;-t ?l^ o'i-]_rc.':.

iesl-s i:o e.sc,:i"'t;air-l G]r,:::-:$)iy r,;-y be ::,acle ir>r^ r.et:r:r-i
ct^,l )' lrit fc;:' pa*ss i ng t:;e .i a",.,.',-r .

,2) fl.rlilir.q:|F.? if'H _i"._--

As C,.=s:','--La?j o'!-e (:l-i'aae? '.-e st sl-:cul.cj. l.,e i_;e) fi-:-.1.i:,,- -.

--o ce'ler':-,:,:-:e
.J? CCi-::-S.c:-, .i.r
.l:. .3:-:,-.'i-:;'i
i.-.F-',, i;t c.t..'. c'J:
lf ;cs( I:-: St-'uu) cie:lsr,c-.. ci s;;tC -i;--.,,t-
i
,.;.::l-t'tl,e i'!.1]i-::: ci ri'L;-s C;r,y15.,ig_i,- li-ici
'-;=1 t :let:t-; lr-,e.j in I-ai:) .,roiC r^1, l-1* o
.;: ::-.a,;-, t:re \ r-e .l etive rje:-..s j--{-...,
 (2.?)
[?c-l cr,'er-r1; forrnu] ci are
(t) rrOtd rarti.o

1l,v
(:t; I',t = p

/'zt
|1f (raax )
J:-Id- (mrirr" ) r
yd. + yd (max. ) * vEG'I;--I-i

InJherrt e *' fn place of r,,oicj.u,[.io

CIil = q!
voicJ ratio in t. O0
set ,State
Ff- f r!
Vcicl ratio in rnost
compilctecl sta t_e.
Emi rr - void ratio in most
'v'A
co,r1:acted ,,-+taLe .,

:: In pl rce of 1n sitr:
Ir1,, clensity,
Yd (n,;ix ),= Ii'f,>i. dry clr-rrsit1.
in the most cornperctecl.
yd ( l'1:r r. } Min. cJry densit), in ata.tr:.
the loosest .,jtater.
Eit;her fornula No. (z)
cr,(s) ma5, l_1.= use<l to
rel.a.bive ciensi.by. f incl our-_.

Tire 1-alys11 ;s1, be oiie5,e<i

fnr :er.:si b;r 1f i_'e prei_.ceni:erge
rel-e'rtj',.'e'ciensity ( iC
lr 1OO) j.s nct less
of 'i-. ic.se ;-.cst i;:.: ..slt;] t] an.7O. p,:sr:lts
i L e ri.ii rrtirl"-rr,ad _i.,l!. t
- '"" 'u'i"o )^99:si''<lt's '
(a) i.i.i-..tui.e cr:rrt-ents .r*._i
'

(b )
,"..tt
ftc,;-',I::- c i: i c:r
e f f.1e1 i ir:l,;v
,i,',.r::. ster. .
l.5:iil-rJ,il*:
i-,4

'li
il

',- :. K. i:;-,1-61' s.tout,j

:1t.... -: i.l ,iliI
;-.
rr-,,,:r1 l:r.: i-i i l,:ct Lr)
_::-l C-._.i f -l :- i i- n r;
':1
\Ji IrF F.-(.iiillt;cY nE, ::
,*^..-..1.1i:.::'i_t. :i!-l^ -{li;i..|=i^i:: i
.:- l-,,'-'. i.:t-;:-j.,l1i *t.ra Li,l:. ..1ti
.'i
. i. i.. ;t;f.i_.i-r I
a:t.rr_ii_l:. 1 a.; :,i
:),ji r.: i .l' :i ,-: :; .i_ i".,;.::.itl
.:-:
r _,;-r f ,: <^ e;;- r. 1__.h
-r,;;''. . : :1::i: ii: i'ii'lci,'''::i'-:i.: ',1
;:'

iii; i,:iii:i.,:=i:i.,,.,,.".".;rr;
=-.: _c:.at i,l:e iti:ture il
----:.-:e cf :;:;r,,,. ,i!.: ,!j
il,: ;__,r.,cs?tr-:,r:.t-.:, l:,;lc._ 1.
ff=;-;:;--,:;,r-::: .l't--.f l:",1 i.it.: :r;,!_ !l:
, 1^-1_.;;i:ii.., lr.:ljl. S.'_,':_,]l
C)
L: !:.:..! e-
il
,$i
,1.
 4 .<,

t}reqrrirllt;yclclrrLrolvlingfor.tlrtlFrunF}seofpassltl'qJl-}rt:
no1I'e<J fi-ne la5'6't"

6. oo fLrNcr r (l,s_lLg!4!trY--gsIROL ( Fc{r clJljcRErE 4Ip*uAiiqN'1R\'

II.gEKS.).

The qu,l i' i1;y cotrtro] clf concncl 1;;e, vlor]+ can be c1 rottllc:ci ils:i il

(al)T'r:rs'EinEanclinspectiorrol'vari'ousmaterial:;se1tr'-'teci
f-crr Llse.
'-'"io, c'f
Pr'operr prolb.rt:ioni4g. elti adeqlraLe m:i';<'ing''
rnatet'i aIs
(c ) "lhle r:s,e of ProPer lrandLirrci pJ.acirrg anci cons'f Ii ''1art'inq
1,:r'ocl:dures q
/rf\ ,Jonrjr:ctinq field 'bests ancl preparation of s'lirpl'c';
f'<) ri Ulre: ter sts in cotrtrol
LaboratorY '
t
(e) Firoper curino. *:
ti
{
/€\ Ca sit ilrg YaI^d . 'frl
I

tn) i?emoval" oi. cef ect anij. reneclleil Tic31-tlr. "s t':hen {i
ti
( ll_
il'1 l
t fi(i[]c]rtli.trg C. K - Card I1
tu
:ll
t1) P,e.i.r: f i:::ce:ient " f,1

A al'l rgl--::llli.F. l:i4i:Lr"rilB}$-. EI'-L.ElllE! !, !::ii' -!lsr

-\,1-4,51:?llE-
rF- ^I.ll_Lili:jt,i-qi_.p*F*
(r) ,i'i1,.-, q.-::a).'i- t1, coli1:rc-,1 st-al: f :;halI r'r'al"e rfl-:ri-i-f, i':-r 'j: "-

c--,i.iC.i] ;i::,si-,-tCtj.i--li C'*

i-]lr.: :;i:c'-li"l; r-rf v;l'jot't's :--i:r:t':l-":l'S
LI ; r:k
:l.reant l-or. ti1:e in tl:, e clo:cr'+t'e r,:: $())'ti=^f\, 'i:^
!i
jf il i:.er i', l):r'ks, CI':j:fl:i:'r ;::1'l t)cai'':nrng 'iJ-ar'rl-s ' li't":r'r'1' J,
il,
i:n.
s,.il:r:g sl'i:;i-ll.<j all-'so i:'e ir-l-i:;i'ect'c:,j &I'rC f ;rnii'1i:;ri's'':ci ii

i, i-tl'i -r.'i-:C ",'jrCe c! r'llt"':

j'ir': '
'f

.t,
il,
l.'
,-.r-ir:iir; lii
'ji
ir;:) 't,
^l:'-'i I

.', I1.! \ r
'i

be,:$,=,j ii.
.l

'":, 1' -. ,_,.- .i

:" -. t, t \,

a 1,,.-l l:r
c i ',-r
S
,t

r -,
l'-i
-,A-i';
-
I - n
u'
.;
:

i.

tI
 .)/
z-{

ancJ t est rop-rspf i n t.ltr. cetrt,ra j I a l;rrf rnl t"ory

tre serrt lr: thc fic.lcj [ir.rr;incer r,rjth
cjorr'i" to t.he( qui:lr i t,r' c.ntr.or st,irf f f ot" flr.ridai.rc,; .

rrI. i'urinq corrstructiori.r'r>rrt-.:iric tc,r..tirrtr frsl:rrrr:i:r,iy

otrt linccJ wjll be clor-ro hV thc qrraIi.t-,y contr,Ol
staf:F i. fierc l.rberar.r:rries and urher-e ever fl..:/
doubt arises tlre A.R,1r./tt..tr.r,;ilI send s;rmp,1,r .:i)
centra 1 Lerbc,r.'r t.o11' .Fcr tcst re,port f, i cral-rcc r.1r,r ,

(IV) As nrentioneci in 1,I9 the Eno j neer- in-Cha nge.( Ccrrs

tr,r_rc:t i rrn ) m;:y ac.:cclpt ol" reject the nlclterials t-in
ovrn respons5.bility if ,'foirn<j unsr-rital.rlc as lter' :.
stalrdards v,')ren testeci Irut-. retf encrrce tlu:; b Iie nii;,c.re
to ,:his effect on il.ie carci.

l:) . U".i,
Rre.f.l:I_-E:I,:Q|_q.ET.j,-QErN-c AND r,irx"rNG ol- rFlE tr\.1.r-:tRrAl,t_i

(i) The ili>l 1>ropc:rt-.ron filip-iuafl,ous, tyl-.e,,s of c()r)cr-co;(-:

trii)r*ta1^ {n na.sonary. "u;or*;1o*rre, i;o i:e cleci lrici ,.)1, i-li
. E-::r!ri:reer.-in-Cl:arqe of cclnst,r.uct.ic,rr",ll-re,qr.talii_.,,
corrtr'cl sh:1f see ti,at the pr-oncr.-t-iolr r.i>ied;r.e
iia.j-ir-,-eitiec st.n:i.ctl.,'. :-lr:1 ,.e.":i;I- ;,.i:,.-.-.c.r-1 jrlr^r :.. 11* r._r 1.i

CtsJ:'l^ j-e.l 1j)-,e ()€r-jti^;L l,:'ccr^,.;i:Ci-1, ;},-r5 tj:C

..JU-.1 iii
: c. ,i',-r';--;:.;1il i-ecct.-,:-q_iit _l ,;i .j.-e .l-.o ,::j::;i e iti ,.. aa.:l .:_: -;
-_

clt.a, l-t be ;-:,;s-) 1;.t-.,;,;i ll.

:,;i. i-:-.e .,1
1i.l.ti_
.:i, ,...:.,1_,,i:.1.,:] i,;, I.ll
:Ln i:l.:c :.ix f,i-,ci fcl_Lli,.t:i. sr:r:ii-:..1....

Li ncr a.-i _1r_::;l:1,;r:nt .j_r.:, .t-!-.,.-

L-: i L-_

:1,1 p .: ; ::{ ci) i.l-i e

. ,., '1

;.i''e r.,"'-:a l. j-11.' ci::i'i_-r.c i

'- i:: i g '; j, r. !
a ,i. i" c i i- ,i;1-. ,C

{ -i ,; ) t--.:.:: g (:)il q; _')_ ':: -'r'1 -: :-r .:l-;

-r,-*,t J-a.t.t--t _.)
=
:' e
.I <1 f c i.-.':,e le :ii:^e i
l'-r.; r" l-. e iia- l:rr. ';:
-l
ia 1".::i i ;d. a L so c_.(:r"r,r..' j. I

{iii) ,-. t-, ..:

J-
'-rr= -.
"^.
+$
') r,
\

fs (iv) T'h e ccnt' ro 1 t' f i e lcl tor v s;'t;:ff w'i 11 (:()ilsit: rrrlt;l \
'l[mp-r,jct trati:l rit-t1: p1;-rrrt ilt-ic'l ni i >:r'r; t.o r'naulatc
the
I a['rora

[r,i, t,:lt as l.<'r mi x dt]s;i':ltl l-or

a clottcl nt'i. >l .

(v) 'l'!rc rec(l)i rcxlcnt' of -'r l\lntl\ f or t''rio\ts: t111r1'5; oI' t'c:rli5
hirs bc'c'rr alf\I)e lldl/--^-l 1-rr olltl(')Ur'€r '

rnade itr thci' l r'tY

(vi ) Al.lottance f or hu 1k i trq rc,usf bc: Qtlce

,Dli s;rncl .
/
\
PHO("EDURI
ts\ ll\ usEl ri-tF PHoPnR 4+l!oI,JI{9--BU!,cJlE. ANI,I-99NSr}JjATION

(i) .Iire Iirir;].ir-reer-in_.Clrar.,.-el (ctln.:l t:t.ucIiorr) is: t-o |i,;l!le

,lr:t"attcienettl-;rtltlspecii:1'proc'et-lureforill"operhei'roIi-
i:riJ p1;lci"rrg artd conscl -r'ciation '

(ii-)T'l:tr:tqrralil-yr;crrtroJs-l'-tt'ffi';:i-IIas''sisLt'ht:s1-L'e\
il::-t'.'r ilre er*i-l-i-Cllarie it'r tile cl:ove i^::rrk '

i -L j. r 'l'l'i*r s:if f .ict? -l:'alterl Lrp

c.!-,:at^rr:,r-l lll?"
(
a:31;,::' 1onil
r';it"e bt'usi-t altrtj v"at'er
-'1.,ej e3:je,I-rtiirr
di:l'aticn i-s gtart'::C

ij ji :i'
.'i-:r.:: ::"i:1.:L---,- (-l :ji'-*:1^'--)1 '; ';:l l l ;':';'-' ct- -
:';:

t: :-i.1 :- ,, :*, t'l ;,1 r:--i {- n

'i:' r:: l: I 11 ''- l' i: f i t-. 'l'j J' -':c' t" a '- rl; " l"
'r

(i) l : il'] .l';r- al_t 'd*-]Sl S ,.-;r,i..lj:-:,':'i

l cl r'-r i: i - f:'. e :l': r3

:.-.
l -i
/ ''/
.1 li
li.:Llt i. ::.-, l-',-:: 3 :: ,i I r-;
):;:-;-.r:j i -

cLi--.i i-.',i;:i i-n L,')/*

(ii:i ) Il'i::'): t lor-;ir-l"r:- l'

'.':Y e:

i.r ij ii .tij{,: i};r i-,l--'l i i/:l)"i j- t-')l I

i f -.- ,--: .iit

( i."' )
 . ()

( r') Prelrarat iorr of cOlrct^r:'t.c. ct:l.ie,s;, mor"trtr ct.rt..t::

ttt^ j clut t,r. .

(
":r
) Ii:[>: cl:lrt-s of conc:retr: Fe-,r slri f t .

,"
(b) ;!:ix culres of concrc,L.n or l,rr"icluct.tr:c
]rcr_ sl-ij,:
-lomf. lc. .slrorld t-re p.c1_r,1 p5iqi at t.he
prl.ace of C:_-
, .folrly ,f in respei..; of t irne s
sailnDre 'r.,,i
ti: be rc'Irc'sentert "-.rrL-ri.r[eci
i ve/TiT6y l l bc nurnbcr.erl :r
d;irection of A.Jl"C). ari.lrJ serit. to _=

tlrc Cer:t-ral i,
tr>r.y' for .str.i-inqf,[:, t-es,bi: nq.
after Z cr.aVs {; p.lr_ cji
Ti':e qualitlr core'tr"or- st,aff
ancJ const,ructi:o:r r;ti
(fia co.tractor,m,:y
be pneser't at the tinrr: o.t.cl
,il1 the cen tra I Iabr.;ra tory,,I,es
t renont r,.,r 1 l. t:e
b'y ce't'el J-al:orat--'r',r tc tlie constri,:c1-i.'
're
Eng;inee r" r,,rlth a coLr],
to g6,,, cir,.;ility cont_ro1 s.L.;
:rrLtitls of Cerrtr.l l_
L,:l__r,;r.a t(::r"\. in regl:\cct
c;f lt,rr.€
P,:st i,,;c..r^i.:s hc-rv€ h,€.ic:r1 shoi,;rr in
S.Oe C, S,.LZ-. ihc
*s Lre.n! t.h r.equ
i re:lrc-rn t-_ f trzi:es ". or (ro.c
h,as b,een .,ro."a.o',n, -1"
=]::".
D,\..)

J |::

11 i .;-

':, i,'r- lJai,li:;VftL (:F;, r-,Ij F!.i-,r,a

_....._.1.-.-.- . ___ __..__.._,-,.._.:
- _.
-.:y._1..:.

*
_. ri.,,
'-='1_ -..-
i.i_--.
i! r ! i i ,- -:
F
;t
' n ' 1"" c;rrcl arrcl b)' t'lrt'
rr:r'.rts " rhcv ni;r1r i]s
i''"''*'"=''"
H:i::i ::[;:i.;:1"'li'":[''"
wa'!'s t'o irrprcvc
the' work
or
' fic'
jtlctiol:r
v'rcI l st'lci(lcsl'
n('c+[rt;]lrct:tt'J]lhovlevcr't't-irtt'ftr'.:clcs'c:^c';tjc'ntofttle
(\'rt' crar.l L(' i'l-ti"tt
c()rl(jtru(lt-'i'crrr,Iilrtittcer'bttt.li(|CT..lLiotlri.tis;tl]('llinCl/-.1)'',tiie
staff arrcr srr*:rccrrrr::r'rr-'
clurrlity corrtror
eJ i. ect E:hr:r'lJ
cl l-rc-- i'sstre.d '
'ttrat' !'lre: stret.tcitlr of titc
res;r-llts re\'/eal'
lrr casier the tes'' !l-re lll:cscr:iL'ccl
as pcr spcc'1-
-+: +:.,''--.-'- r. r--ruc.i;Lrre ir; 25/
1es;s tharr
so't:'Yttt fira'v hi:ve:
prc'rt'i'ori bf':tI-'e '-*Lruetul^9
f icar-ic,rr,the
t'oberlt'r';mer:-rt'l-ecltlnilr'ecione'nf"',itflascfort'hisl]''ilY''i)e
Siil;ill].tt-i':itoChjefErrcl'rrIet:I.i-.hrolrflIrliLiI)€ri.n1-enr.Jirr,:1
ilr-'2i-Liei::r'fresi'gnCirc'Le(irrclrarcle'ofi1:aIit;'corrtt^ol)
'f'lrOl't:e;tlicrrdis:'eiir'tI:Lrrq"Iirv-r:;v:ill-appli"tocs'Iltlii--'t:s
' f c1:t'tl(;:tr;:'es'

6"c8

: 1' :a ti: /;)^

ai'i l

. ._':- -i !
:'- (:
|
-. -._.--.),
!',.t ''
:r" " ']
1:
'-- l)

. . -'1 t .= ::.:-ii.i i-'' r:

{i:'l)
3 ':-t,
l'?'i '

:. .-, :

, (_l
I
I

f i|:'i's:1-- lt'
ii}';(lY i'rb'
(:. (:C FH1:. {)i-l

:-1 r::
'i"
'l'r' '
"' i' : i;r:'L"i(i')
!- t.l 1:: '
6,10 E-l
E X F. A Rri.t H[vflr]NrT : -
The purpose *f t^e-i'nf orccrnent
in (:orrcrote j s to r Fr(i,f-cr)i s.ir
i ts tensi le s;t-rerrg t'h arrcr
make j t g:t-n(r rr c,rln1;,-,1.,
stand tht her'lnfur ef f ect of to nri trr -,
ar:r\r s;tre,sq causecr t.,),
liioT!,:'nt,'l'iljs :i s aclric,.,cC l-,1., br.-r_rdi rr(l
i-rl-c..,.:i,Jir;.,1 :rtcc,.l h;rrir nf
l"ecluis j.tel clirne nsions with
prclpcr srpaci nrls.
The quar.ity contror staff
has to see that steer b.-rrs of
recyuir*:cl clin'en-cion_s as specif
, i e.'cl , wi,t sp.tcing as per
'- -''',.':;',drrav;i*rgs drrci design 6l .e
ulsed i.n ttre r.e_rnfor,c,:c,nicnt.
, Bes iders f ol lou,,ing poinbs
are . of inr,por Larnce : -,

(1) i'Srcing of .ocJs shoulcr be cl0rre

at orcrirt"rry t e ,'.,Jrqln _
sture, but wlren b+atinq l";€:ccriies;
unavoifral:le thc
c:ooi ing .shoulcJ be gr"acJual
ot)-iel.i,^,:ise the_ _strr_,r_rotl)
wi 1l be eff ectecl .

\,2.) Fust r,--.us t L:e r.e:;ic,vec.i br,,. i.rrl...L. ,:^:r; vii'-l snncl p,:rper, .
fz\ Iir; par.t cf rc_ir:f,crce -fiF:rtb
siior.rld l_re I eft L.:x.Ji,r.-__s(jii
i-,: ti:r,' at:;ros!11^; ere, Concrc"t_.e
cc,",,,1r.i.n1.1 as per I.:.,
:j;r:,)e,:j-.fic=tjon r;u=rt i)E
fJi.cl,riced *ao i:,t-,ct::_;j;11- fr.o.-
,,:;tler:n:;.
.-\
('t-) .:.i:i a i il; l.;.es; ;rri.i
r:l ,
N;.tc s-,.e l_,Ls
-s;
.. r-.^ _. l
i't j: ..: .9 r ,;..-i r:.c,.1,_-c_,;1. B , l:e g:t il...,r
*:i ' ,,1 1-
:;i^r. ;-i-11; j.:,: ,,:6 r:er ..o
, t,;l: i c.i.i ,;;,=,..,. -i.i r,
r I -:i:-,f :-,i- ur:.:,...-. l-,t,.

(:; r::'l cOi-t.r_.siclt js f-err.i;,d_l;t,.:

r.'i'i
i.e_jrrfr,rt,,Jii;".F:_,.t_;
i:+ l;i:.r,i:=d ;r_i_i;i1 )s__a,rr,1 =air lLc
-Ll,t:-j tcit c.r c,--.r:3r. i;_.,,,.,1:
t.:-- i:.i: l, :. .: J. .

( :)
',- ' t: 'r'

(7) i:i,:;-rcii";g cf I-D..--.s,,a1{ _:sit

1:; tr_::-; : f r-.__-, ),..r,_,_ _:: \:;i l:,
s;l':Or-riC i: j-ctl
= :: l:r. i1-, i:s i:r....r. _r-:.j ,:: ;..ir,; j_:_,ar s
.
 (z,r)

1 .(Iry'-fl)rL
l

.ft 1s very dif f ;[ctr].'h to def inq impervi{)lrs, semi-;:ervior.:s ctr-rcl

'f-)revious sol 1s :Ll"l terms of atr$ol uter pariamc't,crrsi of err(rirrc.r_,r'i ncy
ri: pfoperl:jns. Tt ;rJ I cir'ns1trJI,, on tlii:' t5,g-rc l,,f i)!i(' jirl;c.'rit.ir,ti t.o L)L- r'ir.:J(,1 r:)

t' Ef under the rliverr cronditior-r,

tl !

ti.,.
'-L The diffet'*n,=e j.s,cnr)4 rellatinre ernd ftc-r/ trovlever be ei>lpressr:d a,fi
functt ..t+:s of grerin s; ize, QrainiiqrF I consisl;ancy ar-rd sf,.r.engtlr
pa,pticli'ee'1aVe"r t,h,tn 3" size haye been r:xclurcied f rorn tlre r,ru-rvi€rvr
1:O?
'-. t.i:.
eol.I in U;S,[I.:Fl.
:
systenr of soi.l cJorssif icat,lorii ftrl-e c)'J;tcn.rnay
:

iUie ,sr.marj.s'erd' ast. :h-o.[l-s)w' for the punpose of visr.lal ]assif ic.ttiprr of
soi ]- {i'

, 1. Clay, ,tn{i it:L,it (-) Ito. t{)O B.:1. Sievc.

:. 2. Fin,=, l:arrd lio , l:rOO .l::o no , ,.nl-t ll . ii , i ;
:

: 3, [,leCi.u:'n l'-a:r<l lir>, 1nO to I,]o. l0 i].:i.::.

iri

:,, 4, Coa:r's;i] llanci l.lo,, 1O to lio. l, Ll , :j . S' ,

iil
:i!!

:, 5. Fi:t'ri:: gt'arreJ- !1o,, 1. t-o '3/4 i1c[es,

6. Co,i)^sie crre\.,eL 3 /4," lo ::-i,,
' : 7. ,:uJll.--i-e 3" t,O 12"
,,, B. Bor":.[ de'n, Ii:,, to 1 r-:Lr irai"cj"
:: ,. '3, iior:li i::vdjr I Cu. ;rar ci.

o
 -.6=...:
:;3;

-'l
..i :"1
u
-*--..1
.t
,-' r"' \ l- 'l ;JI
ili < . ::,1
-,. -., ;:t ::!
'.'i '"i
:i I
i. l 'r. i) ol
. rl
!!, L! -. ,\
j
'I
Pt l:: / ' !'1
:i
j

i1-

\ :ti
:f
::1

}\
II;ji
_l ,-.'-J :. F1 i.-
locrn -d ,- lir
'-,!
- =i :;,
_.t
lar' 1.
*'i aJ

- S rrr'1 .. i-{
,_ n. d'
n
ai FrJ
:) ts'a;i

':"1 '-' LJ
ll
lj
li -
c

rrJPf)
;{:l:-
,1 -+. i'\

;,6'J'61 Eiri.' i(r

^
ODirt)
iarFt
^ < fd-JoO
Jl a.tr!
:ji:,:
' ', : c, D;!j'r 3.tlll;;i t''
tr. J ( ui nn tl?
F, c rr :'-)
sisti cr -1 r-i^ 'l
LL J .\\J
Q*rr
i
i-fi.;
'- 1 a
iliila () itr i)
ct\.O
:_,
Hl gr
PAF<'I
lt. .0t
I o ij" l. -f5 oc-
ilrr
rr. cl Li ft.
b,uJ/J
S oo'o!JO
i

i o
l:3
iFli;
,L'''.n
^-1
raa:
g.ic,-
'J
rl"
iiTr\-i'
D.OIJP.
ct-JoO
lJl J
otliao
.P,OO]
d'o
ri,s -f'r-
l'"r tl
:]

e
{r')
C 'J:l b ' ctt
'af
I
m

Fi) "*i
agi 83353 8gil.!
s;Hal a:tt
5 ia ct
0r'Dtsar
. oonJ
|.+t)(f
'11
tr'fslo-'-'
G' Q
:i .r O'11
:J.

{
5 d; r" Fto
i

I
F'
':]
idl .91i"il.,$c'-,
g*; 5033. E.3'45
-t
rD t-i O
/ll
(i,fB
H) '0
T
c
(
{,n
":ii
ilii

.;i uo.
n Ftl C'?

o
q g'J;+ Fil'l,L ?34; -
F'.f 3
cFJil
. hl
5N
ci c'l
i
H
B$';i
5 f;{ra 'O-
u:t
:v o'}"
0i3*r
{}-r:
UI

C
n
gq
'
;P:lfr
:i
Ei:3
.tq()
+E{
r'v)r
oo<
c5(1
tso(D
dr
-ilr
'o)o
C) :'r- n

I;j,S
-t r,.m Ci -J O.r o. Ln dFh . g
o,.

€ii:n
1, l'o
HEg
Hfr r
O cto
F*r 0, (f
O(1P.
Of,rYO
f,F' {.osri
-x.r
n - (n
F'O:l
fux 5a
\o
cf r!
A t-L
J

Hq
-l
itliil
.r8r: *
er;;
gEP"
on.r
ooJ() 'c.lu
o"
OUI
ts.cl'
.F.
55r,Ocn;r
irD\tr.
r-O, Fl'O
O,
f,O(D
H|;J u
.iO_
. '1 0|
lh o'
tD

i^r tg;lB ctil)

0lOHr crb r r{.1 (l
--r d5

l;i; ;[;i
:" 'o*ilfi
t:u
(foo 3qg
;f 5 l-- .li ;
rDr0i
4
J
cff,
J (J
FI.
50ltD
4 ,-1
tt
i.il P.
0) (v\o ._
I rrt'da
9,","'s
U.O Fti O
fl3il
A 'Fl'
'J,
:15 rD
f'l (t
'J..; .

:l[ ili;l r ss{ "F3 ii"o

-JJ
0r. u!
['&
i
r 8."
- F. {.ilri
{rrf.

.ts
Ets; fr5ii+ ills
s5' ;i ff sF'
\\o
cts
c)
OiD
'ci '1 Fr
0,
rt:H'
O't
0J" C
F.U,H
rttU cr
o cf

-Q": f (o') n I
i;;i,il
'T
Fr ttl rr
.J
r'
ul

i3'i Eih-X 5
Gl t'..;.
1H
O
 I

(sl )
oN- Fq:-S:
ExrRpicll F'Iror -rNqr4!l--sr'!NDjE!WgrcA:{J'
"::::-:,-=--*
For F'16ster' (I.S, 1542'tD6O\
cJ-e'y' :fine silt and
f ine d'ust;'
i-l $and not rnore tharn 4 *;'
bY Wt "
Tn r':rattrtral -or
c:rusihed gravet' san'd €
l\ot'more Ehan 10/ by wl:'
,) .lttr crushei[ stone sancl
(b) o::qlanic imr'>uriti;liu*t,i,,r-
bv comp-.- .!,hg-?:u'rrlarcl
ot' r^rith Huo,(Fig-.3 or
;;i;ti:"''i P 1'1158)
Rl,P.tuli'x
(c:) S.P. Gravity' for in,terior PIastr:ring
;;;;r;."".etrt of snading f,or sand
\--J Fencenta Wt " PA:;
r.S, Sfrie,,"a
i' Des:lgrra'F-i.on B. S;.. Sieve
Des;:i,grration
,-r 98'LOO for^ under' 93-100 for urnderc
lOO f or f irnj shing
coabs 100 for.

F 180 L4
f i.nishing coats '
8O--c]5
coaESi
for unde:n BO-1C'0-for under
95-1CrO for f:inisi

'i-r
r,\
95-1,00 for finis-
h1.ng coats.
3()-85 50-9!t
60 25
5-6:i

t= 52 5-.s0
3Cr 0-115
() ..10
15 1-OO

oF,Sraaing forr''siPnd for e'xt;erio'tr'Plasber'

F
itecP::Lremenr: sslng r,'
.S .
Iilerve 9,7 V,lt., Cla$sirB
i6Jrrirt;itlrt 13"Si.,Sieve
Peq Clilss-A
A_ ;;;**-'--- 3'/L6 rnches 1or'r loo
90- sv"
^,i 1n n Yv- ILOO
t{\, iLilC) 7 9'0-100
70.l-OO 7cr-'loo
L2,0
60
t4
2s .:]:: il,:lll
f-" '-.di-c

ft-t li,:nr*s duel to excess

Preselnt to. c
A Sarrd w

FF maY Lrre
sre
a =Pll'fro,b]le si'zeof
suitartrte sizes
suitatrte of s
.
";;i'i;i're'ci' sr'rb j ei t to d j re(:t 1 or
;t3'' :1,:,.=ll.t|llt!]ntlrlti 3l;:'il:lu-;"
of fi/I.

d
(;S
e-O
Gz)
F{\
'-
BrrLt(gsdEi5Aryq=
q-g -I!i volr-unetric expans'l-on of sar:d' due to moisture
br-rtk morer t'han the co'1rse
contenil isi r:ar.Iecl bulking'Fine sands
FJ r*rir,,=" As r!
the tnoisture increas'es anc. trre 111d g'=ts
fully
saturate.t,,i'i occuPies the sem e vorrme as
drY tsdnd'

llype: of sarrd/t4ois;t;ure try' wei gkrt/Volume

by Vlej.ght:
r>
AA./ 26/
1. Ir1,ne
5/ 28/
Lo/ s2/
Ls/ 22t
2gt r0/
271 ol:
21, ]-6l
TI "
luerdiriui,
E,/
4a 1.e/
Lo/ ,!.21

L5/ t 2t'
20{ ol

q,/ :12!
]II. Cqra,rBe 4L

-. -- . ''L ' 5't r8/

LA/ 7,2/
. z/
15,r
I

ponr.c$pt!qr4-EgM{s
ggE-ffiIwj SANDJ

!")
(b)

(part-Ix )
(c) Sp. GravitY 2.65
(d) F .M. Iri"ne sand 1...Q to
!'..6 In
Irledl,um sanci:- f .6 to 2.it(l':lo case
b
al, lowed f.-or concrete) ' -
coamie.'sand :- t 2'o t:'o '?
:3

(e) EtuXIs densj'tY crin/d;c- Fine sand- 1"/+

Medium Sand-lt ' 52
coarse Sand=-L ' 60

(q) Sioundness (a) Not to er:ceed 1O'/ whpn tested wltft

Narsot solution'
 ( 35)

rT COARSE AGGFII|GATE"
q3
L. lip.Gravity z.t)

!:t 2, Ai:srorption ),.o /

3 " l\grg:reqate Crushing value (i) 55/ for Concrete works.
(i:i' ) 30 I f or r"rearing sur.r'ace,
!:J
1, Siour:tiLne:;:;:- (i) 12^/ sodiurn sulphabe methc
!-) 5" Flak:Lness: - 10/ of f l-al<y arrd lflongated
aggregates trl be used.
!:D 6 " Bulk derrsity .iI_EIsJ.c,l , Coanse Compacted
.Tn Ibs/c:ft;.
(i) GraveI (3/16" ta 3/4"',\ 4"7 0-.L . 57
I:I se:.EE-
1_ . 58..-
G'f ro7
r. 71

( ii ) Gravel (S/t6" 'Ect 3,/2" ) 1.52-1.65 1.66-.r_.79

!-) 95-103 IO4-.LL2
(iij.) l4ixed sand 6 (iravr-.1
h t{ax.-tl.'r 11-'r & down)
1,76-.2,OO
_ 1 10 -.r03
ED

(i.v)
{-s L-rushed stone 1 .36,-1 .46
F-:86--
1.52-.1.65
- e5-.r-03-
(v) stoine(1*" tc, ,,/
$t Or',ushercl
3/L5" 1 " 88,-96 100 -,108
1,4r -1.54 r.ou-r. /5

No,t,$r r- '.no rrbtain high compresrtiire strengtlr :Lt is necesr:ary th;

bhe max.size of aggre<;ate shoufd be as largJe as
(:Ont,tertienllyposisible but shoyld not be normally great.*i
'l:han one guarl,er of thr: smanl.est cli"erme*nsiorr of .bhat
s;tructtrre.
"'i";i.'t:
SIIAPING flEqulRElrEry.!_r'oR_.!:_re_4.gglREg+llg:
_ .,.
I. S Slireve: Pe:r'cr*n.tage passing for sinqle sd.zerC aggregat,cr- r:rominal size
Designat- 63 nun z'ro mm 20 mm. 16 nrm. !-2. a mm. 1.0'mrn.
<bon
EOmm' l.0rl
63 mm 85 -'1_C)0

/rO ntnt 0 -30 {1d*l,oo *o . .':

20 mnr v".il t 0t-2O r 85-100 '1 tr

16 mnr v -.5 e q.5-1O0 l rdlF

12 mm Rq--1r1a, 1O0
10 mm n-|i 0-5 o-20 o -:3c) O-/r5 85-.100
4.75 mm o-5 o- 1c) o- l0 o-30
2,36 o-:i
 (t r

tt FHYTi:ICA]L PFIOPE.RTTUS OF" tsRICK,S

(44')
"

iD
5I. DEscr:lpbiorr o:f Permissible Li-mits 2nd 3r'cl Class
I:J No. Phvsic;r l nrc,perties I Cl-ass CLass
ci
1

!= t. Co Iou:: un:L r orrn I'Torr - un t f.-orm

\ra
12. TSlerarlce ir:r
!:t dimenrsi-c'r'ls 3'to 8./ 9/

a. Br:rnt Charac:tor weIl. btrrn.t Over Burn.t Unrler burnt,

!:l 1. Sfrape Uniform faces; (l i nh*'l
ea-LYL'vLJ

di.storted.
rr Dtr;torted

s)t 5. Erlges Sharp

Straighl:
Fi-ne
straight
Itlon-uni:Form

g\ 6. Tex'blrrra ,eft*::r
h,reakinQl
rt.
f ind
ancleci
-ufriforr:n Fi.ne Comrla,ct N,c:n-Unif orm

and comperct.
t\ ", Sotrncln,:: s,i rs Rtnrqing
/
Rlnging tc, DUI I
fs I
Ef,f'bre s encre V,r?r:f sliqht
duIl
Very Sliglrt S I ight,
rt c,
I

Conrpr: e s'is:Ll,e
s'brength i.n Kg,/tJnr '
7t) 70 ?q

f tr. Water illotsc)rtctirct:l Within 2Ol Wii:hin 2O.r, l',rith.in isl

Tlie
. above spri:r:j.f
-* icabiorr also applittd trl burnt; clay bil-es with fol-lowing
crranges

EURN_'I' {l :LrqlLg,I=L ES .
C1 ass-I -.^a
vlcl>-_-!r
^1
TT

(A) ToLereryrcra in d,r*rdii;sion 3! ''" ul

..,_
(:B) /r,bsorp{:ion of !'later 15/' ' 20/
(c) ciornpr.essir,re strengtkr in Kg/tQmz 1o5 75

]REffOSIVI]SilTD]ED S|L[N4PS TTOR VARNOUS TYPES OF CONC,RE:TE.

'Iype$ of' (lonstrucl:ion Slumo inlnches,

Mei:x 14i.n

:1-. Reinjlo:rcerl Fr:rundation walI in

foot:Lnr;si "
5

2, Pl.eirr Foo Li.nqs; 4 1

3,, *slab.I3eams and re;inllorced walls 6 3

,, .Heav'y ;mass construction 3 lt

Note I -, ( i ) liJhLer'€: higher frequency v ibral:.icns are used rr,al-u,3si given,

I sl'rould kre necluced tly al:lc,ut one thi-rd, t,he USIIR r,eccmmends
t- .r slturp of 3/ i,n for ctnxrcf,.L li.nings aif errtr'aincecl concret
(:i i) fltrength and liJate:n requiremetrt var ies.

;i1fu11|iinrmrrrsNnrilEr--;l;----.-'r
 +t (ss
h OF CIN#EEI'E:.
)

f-\
-tD Gratde {itromirral Quantity w/c Comoressive Eh,
of ix pro- of water try CUBE AII'I'ER
Concrete port j.onper S0 Kg. VJeight prelimi.:rary 7 diays/Z8
6--J of cement 'best i.r'r Kg/ cUiidrg,

ti-t
D

I M-70 lLl/r:{:t 4A 90 70
!-At'

#
2 M-n oo .t:3: $ 3/* .6,8 :.35 1oo
t. M-150 '.Lz?ltl ?r2 ,64 200 10() 150
'n.rl-'<

h
1, ht-20c) .L.42+v :to ,6rO 260 13!t' .200
$' M-250 T.1.{) 27 .54 320 l.iqi,' 250

r> robable mini.nn-rru, ar/ernaEe compressive strength of concrete for

lllC rartio (P. si . ,!: " )
'Verrious

Fi-t l{/c by We:ight;

[:o '1'o
'
'$tre
Air entrained
,1.300
th irt 28
concret,e
da
!'lc.:r

5400
air llntrairred concr

I\
t:
f :.0.45 ."5900 4F]OO
i,:
'5500 /r1500
.,0. 50
'0.sis St oo 38OO
0.60 ' z7'oo 3/n00
..0.65 2400 3000
, 0.75 2200 2',70A

BATCHING MA.T:IFI:IAL${IVIDE CONCRETE HAND BOOK

Cernent in Kg. Sand ln Cft. Coarse Aggregate in

t:l:2(Mils'l)) $o L "23 2.45
I : 1{-:3 (lu2l)0 ) 150 r ,,75 3.67
L z '.2-$: :r* 50 2
"O/*
4.08
Lz2t3 50 2.15 5.67
L i2z 4 (tvlt.S,t: i 50 2 "15 5.O
L:zL2:5, 50 3 "06 6.13
L : 3; 6 rt1.ctt) ) frO 3 "67 7.35
 '
(so)
E' irllg rrMrr ron nu{ov$ or ronlvls(cgNrenrNc e sHuTtsntNc)
.s
{D'
Type of concrete work
!:J
Vertical sides of slabs,beams columns
24 to 48 hours.
--J & Walls.
!-t a SIab(proPer left under) 3 days
Beams soffits(ProPer left Under) 7 days
!+t 7 daYs.
4. Bottom of slabs i:ttpto a span of 4 ' 5m
!> 5. Bottom of slabs abowe 4.6m span,bottom of
beams upto 5n span i g Uottom of arch ribs
upto 6 m sPan l4days.
!=-t
Bottom of beam over 6m span'€' bottom
I> 6.
of arcLr ribs over 6m sPan
'
21 'days.

\:J STRENGTH OF CONqRETE AT VARIOUS AGES

b\t The strength of concrete j-nctseases with age; Although the incre
ase in strength may continue' for well over a year'the
"ot""6["
basis of design is -,taken as a strength at 28 days after placing

lpproximatue / of strength of ordinary portland cement "o"u Jt

differeit ages in comparisop . with the strength at 28 days are: -,

1
day Lo

3
days 10
7
days 67.
28 days 100
3 months L22
6 months L/*6
1 year 155

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 Gtl ANNEIUHE :*.it.lti
col/T. oF BIHAR,
QUAI,ITY CONTROL DIVTSI;ON
ffi_ugEl!.-g.r<. _ai18D.
Fq'E__gs E By ccry.lrRuqu 0lr_EflgrN-EEts-
O,K,Card No. dated shifr
1 " Name of workl
, 2. Location of Wor.k (i) R.D.. /'CH.__-,,_- to .

( ri ) off set-.__-.._ to
3. Depth of f il-l-ir:rg: - R.L. of the previorrs layer
R.L"" of the present' layer.
r*. Type' of i:''cl',.Ler. used NO _.___o1l passes

5. Surface ) S'br:Lpping
prretr1;11'*11:lon ( j- ;:
(j.i) Rem,rrv'ing
( iii ) rr=movaI 'of ',4:6Jetati.on
( l.v) Watdrlnq

6. Date and 1:inre crf sitar.t of r,:)Iling:-.

7. Date and t;:ime cf coryprl.ir,rr::'=
B; Any other :Lnf{}r'mation or ref.erence:-.

Sig. -1 . E. ( Conritt'u.eibion) Signature Engf i,neer-in-charge ( construction )

F'C}R I['SE I3Y Q/C PER$C)NNEL"

Flarti c Sta crcmingS

orO K. fo'n fnesh-hl r)
I. Date of 't'esl'U: --
2, Slurf ace F)r$par.atlon
.). F-leld classiifiical;ion of soil,
4, Borrow ar'edr Grid No. Fit lrlo.
Location of' tes:t (:t) R.p,/crr.
(ii) off set
(iii) R.L.
6. Thickness 'crf La'yer
Wet densJ.t'y'.ofi :nolled fi.ll
B. Iliois'6,i:re crcr:r'Leul'U.- of" r',11l.ed filt
o frrv clensit'y rlf' rniillecl fitl
10. Laboratory data(i) o,M.C. (ii)M,D.D.
1L. Colfuction ef f ir:i.ency : -
L2. Triming anrl fi,n:ishlng ofl sid,?, slopes
..1,

Sig'nature of J, H" /J.R..A A.R.O. (a,C. )

Quality Contro.l.
 (4t)
GOI|I. oF BrHAR'-
OUAJ.ITY C-OntnOf' Df\ffSlON'' -'-l''''
*"-;:;: canot coNcRErE: woRK) '

FoR uFE q coNslBusrrg]N

Date
skrift.
O.K. Cand No

I. Name of t^lork'l-
2. Location of work ( ii ) R. D. lcvl. - ,
(r) Illock No
Eo_ ---;--- -to
( i:Li )
( iv)
3, Name of l\gen'c11
(i:t) n1i44- =
'4. wlethod o:f cc'nt:rete mixins: - (
(i). vo,! F.1
' ..l{and(a) Wt' (?) (i) Crade of' Mix
from toP ,

i " ''
., b. Methodo:f
';;;"s'- I+ L T:!i"s . .i' PreParertion
-(11) designerd '
tlti,
(f)
If#E"lH:lIno"'ou"
, ., n: ,..

Nlech'vlbr1t6r
' .ygll r_. -j. j
(iii)
lv)
S]tJInP relu:Lre(f,
Max'slzre oll aggr '
Method o:F (
,,,.,.6. co.,=slii*- iiil land
bY road'
tamping requirerd to be
used.
:. tlon. (l:ti) tH*"t:"o':n '
Deslgnerd strength
ir
: .
(v)
-...; .. "lr.g/ctmz

8. Date an'C time

i

(i)
I

St,arti.ng,
I
I
(il) tr"iroi.sl:lnqt
h:t Sig. o:f EngS'neer*in-c har$ertconst.
)

Sig. of .E. ( Const. )

PERSoINEA"
FCR usq EY OUALTrY'GtqFCfh
LrePw. v-
1
Cube Mi x \^t/c F.I/1 . Max.'
ffif,lfTel& of Size casti.ng
.l Date
of BIoc}< bTf set R.1,. No" prepa-
ration sdurd of of
{
test aoqr "
concrete '
I 1'O 11 t2
i
t, 5 6 7
2 3

RF:VAflKF t "

(v) ulorkmanship
(vi) other
A.R.o. (4.c. ) A.E. (Q. c. )

Siqnature
-
of 't'll' /J'tt'A
Q.C,
 . (11)
ANNE(rURE.. --L.T7
(
GOVT. OF BIHAR,
QUAI,ITY CONTROL DIVISION,
O K.C.4I-D.. ( I.IASoNARY tloRK)..
" FOR USE OF'CONSTRUCTION ENGINEER.
O.K.Card No. Date shift.
1. Name of work
2. Location of work (i) Block No ..
(ii) offset

/,; Method of mixing (i) Hand

H.
(ii) Mixer. , Vol.
!. v'Jt.

.i 5. Preparation of mortar:-
L /
6. Class of Bnicks:-
t
7. .Stone sand quarry:-
.i
D, 8. Stone' qrr-.ty, -
9. Date E tirne (i) startlnj
(ii) Finishing
Signature of J.E. (Const. ) '
Signature. of Engineer--in
cha rg=e ( cons truct ion "
FOR .USE BY Q,/C PERSONNEL.'

s]. Date Locati Bniquettee W/c Slump Prepa- F.M,

T?r,narr
No. BToA ration
No.
1 2 e 4 5 t) 7 I 9 10 11

BRTCK ( i ) Dirnension BOI'LDERS (i) sile

{ ii ) Physi.cal appeal'urrce ( i+,)r !.Ie''lgh! ..:i:
(iii ) l'treather :r ( ii-i ) Weathering
(iv1 other ( :-v; otkrers .
I
I

Slgnature of J .E, /J. R.A. A. R. O. A.E. (Q.c. )

QUALITY CONTROL Q. C.
 (4Et) ANDIExlllt:Ed n8l

GO\/''r. OF BT'HAR,
DMSIO$I''''' o'''
Q{lltAl.rTli: coNTFtOL
.
, O.K.CARD(F'IT,TERS)
"
! !B *q;E-9r{-gpt!wg'1E9!!--EMl!rE'ERS
Da'Ee. Shift """'"'
.K.Card No.'"' /
\

. Name of, hlork:-

) Fl. D. /ch. ( :i ' 1lo ' '
2, Location of wot"lr
( ii. ) Off se't " ''Uo
cletails c'r' frelF . . .
(tn cas,e r:f, slope protecti'orl gi're c''bher
l'a:icX laverD " "
? Lift R.D' of b'nse " "' 'R'L' of
4. Mode of contP':tcrli;i'otl
-Sand'/Gr6vsf/$to"n' *h-ipu';;';;*ll:1"= "
5. Type of material r'rsecl:

6" SPrf erce PrePal:'a'triort / t'

Ptg,,irr""" - in- clrar gl: Co'r:rs )
7: sig. of 'l E'(ccrrrs'E")

IFEi.culeirs F-"*rb-k;E;ilfiirant t'ffi=n""'re;iffirr

r Tr I'"II o$ O; K. fon reslt :f
,l
'/ -'-

Date of Test,
Srrface PreP'ara'bi-orl
Tlri.ckness olE J[]i]ter laYer
Loceirtiorr of t;'i:lgt (i) R.. D.

(:il ) off se'E

( i:Li ) R. L.

5. Wet densitY 1bs/r:f:t'

6. Moisiture corrt:r:rrt
7, In Eiite dry cl'ensil'ty tr'bs/'cf b'
,/ c>tit.

fra-==ittg at I
D
r,:r I
nrs Dscl lLoo Des
'--
us0
tlr0
Basc fil-ter
,)
I
II
III

A.IX.'Q . I'. E.
sig. of J.E,lJ.H,,A' Q. C. cl.tc.
 (,fr€ ) ANNEXURET-I. 19
OF BIHAtrl,
GO\/T .
QU/qLITV OONTRO:I, D]:VISIOhI,
o.K. CI\RD BOULTJE:R PITCHTNG
FOR USE I3Y CONSTfII.IC'TIONI ENGTNEHR

I. Nanler ofl Vrlork: -

2 . Nanrer of A,gency: -
'fr.ocaliElj.orn. (i)
3. oJl . wQr'lk: - R.D.,/CH tO...
(ii) t)llflset to. . . rl

( iii. ) tf]. L.
t r)tlrer ,Certailsi of slopr=
( t.u)
1. Des; of
i 1;nerJ tttl,cknesrs b'oul-dbr pi.tching
5. Mo,cler ,c'f F,Ieicerffight _ (i) ll{eind ptr-ercing. . r,, r . .
(ii1 Ijrrloading from et dumpr=r bucket. .

6. Loc&"bi'cl::l of Glua:rr)r. '. "... n..

,.
VoI . Pei' (:larri'3r.
7 " Wt, of lba,uLders Per carrie- - "

SJ-g*natur'r: otf' J " Ii:. ( clonst', ) ,|:ir:ginee r"-ln-Cha r"ge ( C,r:ns t, )

FoR u$E BY'QUAIITY CONTROIJ PERSONNEL.

rks(sbate :sh.ort
Ln9 or o. K. for
worh)-
t)\t zit

1. Dal:er of t;esf, chec)kitrg

ft 2" Siur"f i,rce preparabion.if' any
5. 'Ih:Lcl,lne,ssr oli boulden
1" I.a<>Ertig:n of tEst gheck-( i ) -- R,' D , ,/g-f [.. , .

( ii ) ofllset
(ii) R"I..
t 5. We:LgJJrt 'of' boulder
6" Sii:ze of krouLder :(lo,X g ,X. t, i,,Rti15y'
I 7,, phl/::iica1 conclitio:nst- weal-hereQ/, y'/cubical,/'rect,angul,ar
I " Qu:rll. ity 6f storre , sitn{ll , st6ne,/t.ltr1'q2rzcr"an'itey'sand,
"-
st'o'ne .
9 " lPaclr:irlg {i'or rem'ovaI of' void f t'om',lnsi.'de: -
10 , Srrrfl,lh.:e , f.inish: -
I

I
I Signatrrre of J .ti, / J. Ii"A" Sj::Lqrratu::c of A.11,o. /q/C a.E. (a.b)
I
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 (as) ( r,Wr'.rt
GOVT. OF BIHARil
(IUALITY CONTROL DMSION''' o'''' '

c,Jr silnd sa$ples condueted at cent;t'al Lab.nstory/'liield

Test resu,l,F,s
LaboratorY" " "" "'"'::: " "
"
o'uarrY ,...(-..Fleference
LocatLon Stock

:Hi r-:*
];L nr--ra*re;unffiE-ea €d-26
. r!

ampl.e
No.

Ind:lv'/ rtd
Own / rtd

checked
Testgd bY
of R'O' l'A'E"
SuPerviserJ Si4gnature
F.A./s"n./;t'tt'A' 'A.R.O. Cerrtral Lab.,'.' 3' "''
Field Lab..'"" .''...

'liated

rio^ r,bcessar"\t actlon'

Fb,r'uuar:c['e'rj ttl

o. /A: E'
A. R.
Central Lab'

H
C-t
+.
---3--.d

e
I
)-
6so) Aj\ntE xURII : -L .2.3 { Par
GOW. OF BilHAR,
QItALITY COTCTROL Df'UlSfONl r i r r o o r +

Test llesul'Hs oll Coarse AEgregates ( 3'u & doun,)

cre
Conducted irt 'FE .ry ';..;
Y --, .. | ' ,. , ,.,.
. ,1. .
: :
.

l.oca't-ion Sll
Sitoclr

L00

8(f

6fl}

./"f.)

,-?,() '':-

{)
3,/L6'"
,\':'t
Sieve openi.ng.dn !-nches
€' (As per I"S.Sg*ciflbation)
CLasrs of d,ggr'egtates
ia) Hand roken,/crlushed/singl.esi
.p-

t\t JAruX"Ysf.s
(b)ftranj,fe/liuarzj-te,/sand stone.,
' '' '' '" '
t\

h, Partictrlars
i;L

iLnches All,
'e1, Samp
31/4'1. 3/16" -ir:i1

,/ nta - L " Ovep si.ze( 1s/')

C:': ..,.2.. Sraundnes = (12! )
w'l,ti\ Na2 so4 (trtf -.
t Cumulati.v,er ,d nibd.
with tvtgso4 )
3. Absorpition
+-,,,*r$_abliorr (so/)
(1., /)
fr Cumurlativ'er piassingy 5. Innpact VaLue (.45t)
6"Sp. Gr.-(2,6eJ
H 7 ,, Crushi,rrg rralue (,151)
8 " Fl,akjrrdgsl(10/i

13 Tested kry Checked {} l-tuperr,t:lsed S:ignat;ur€

SI 5' -.!. . ,/S . rr " ,/G . It. A. /'A . R.. O , F . O. ,/A. E.

H No" ,,/-tl,ated
,''
H lFe'rwarded bo ,,neeessary acltfon'

q--o A,. R,, O.

qO
I
 (sr )
,r\rIN EX gllIl: : I :3iL'( P+IIkI 1-)-

GO\/r oF IIXHAR'
Drlu:tsroN'''''' s o " .'
QUAJ'rTY COltTRoL
Tests R,r:lsir'lits of Coarse l\ggr:egatels(1*" 0 down)
t'

conducted at 9gn!g!-L-g!gf4!Pry '

FiE1O LaboratorY
C I.,r:ca'bi.on:- Ref: erence
ffi
Sleve oPenJ-ng in irrches
(as Per 1'-s' sPer:if ication
I-land broken/crushed/singl'es
is' .J
/'
Class nf agcJreqlate : - (
(2)
:l' )
5*3pi'i::e/Qua rtzite./'sand 5f,'6rne'

, tt' AMJ,YSI$"

.4Llowable emar!(
l',r,!-!' S ieve sllze tn inches
SamPIe i5a,r1;i.cu.Letrs
3/,9,' 3/L6" limits
li ,'.' ' : l,lo,
3/21'
l)
fU z 3 4

( i) ror/er size ( 15/ )

y' r'bcl
( i.i ) -Soun'firesr(12^/ with
\:3' Na2so4;

rlrt Crrmu.t,ative / Rtd iii )AlcsorFticm ( r/)

(
(iv) AbqorPtj,on (l5o/) '

' (v) imF,act value (as")

st (vr) Sq. Gr'. (2.6)
(vii ) c:r'ushing, value (45 )
ftD Cr.un,uIative viii)Fldrftreet*; LO/
/ pa.ssing'
.H 'Test'acl bY Ch:ecl<ercl Supervised StrgriaEure

\N A. R. O. A. E.
F,A.,/s:i ,A./,1 .R:A.

St f{cr /oated 9e$$l:--!-3.9-:-

Field Lab.
+ F o:nvlarcCed to " " f<:r necessary action"

fr A. R.
O ,,
'/ A.E.
Cenlsral Lab '

SI I

C\a I t

H t

t
 + (g)
MlrE**Lgl,(-Effi-H
E) GOVT OF BIHAR''

* QUALITY CONTROL DIVISLgNI' :'''''.: "' "'

F,es:uil;s oi:'co,urse Alagrggatqs ( g/a't' dot'rn')''
Tests '.
frD : "-:,:'
conducteit at ceggrat Lab?fa!'r'rY
FieId LaboratorY
qll Q\rarrv Reference
Lor:at,lcro: -
Stoclc
u=9i . Sieve oPening
-s
i!:l:
ll. icatr c
i ( *=-Per r , ' sPec'if
if (1) Hand trroken/crusherl/singles
CIass o:f aglgrregate:-
(Z) Granil;e/Quartzite'/sand stone"'

AI'IALYSITi.
r
Erticulars Sieve siae ln inches [-]lowabIe
1e
3/2" a /nrl 5/L6" _ lirnltt;
llo. 3 /. 5 6
I
(i) over size(1-5/)
/ rl;d ( ii ) sorndrresSl 121'
( wl*:h
. t!a2so41
(
,t ( iii )Absorpti.on 1/ )
'rro-orPt j'on (5o/
Cumulativd'1 Rtd ii"l I
i.rl rmPact varue kist) ,'t
i"il sq.'br. (2'6)
value
:l'
t'13
i
.i, i
l3
:!.

(vii) Crrrshjr-rtJ ,l' I

1it
Crrnrulative viii)F1a!*ness ro/ li
liri
/ tlassing ii
t;
I. i
1; 1 i,

SuPervised Stgnature l:
l,!
Checlted
Testeil lrlr l- r

l,;
,A. R. o. A"Ii. L

ii
F.A./li.A./J"R'A' l!

1.
1i
,|:

Ilo. /nated
acti'cn'
F,orvlarded to' "'
..,. .. ".for necessar$ ,

A.R'o./ A"tt"
Central Lal) '
 \53
lslElutse_: ._!. 2J

" OF' BTHA,F,

GOVT
QUALITY cofl'l:Rol, DIVISIC)N....
,. ",
Tes;its result of Cement sarnpJes' eonclr.:c:ted at Centraf tor
C \
L,abora.

\ liiane crf Godown

n-i5iiF?F-wor-ifTi =
e.
,A
E F'c)r' usie i-n sty'ucture
l,lanufErctuned i:Lt . ".fact,or^V... " ,Ref .

5 t :;anrp l.e Lab. Phvsi-ca1 test: cih t

\,tY Tensiler Impcrr''ban1:
Nlo. NIo. l{cr. sie_ttirqq Timers (iiravity Streng-. char,t cc,ns -
i-nitia,I f inetl CtttL/Gm :Eh. ' -t:Ltuents-
DrlqF' "..
in Mi.n. irr l4ts oo
Pr nn.rr,a-+i
\rl-'s; ur=-
"
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l{g/c]mZ
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csA /
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r $. Casoq /.
,, 6.. Pree.Us.'lirnesj,/
, .ar ,:. ".
-Hdg '',j-",
Tn'nitinn 'laqq -

Y. l{eat of hydn;atio4"
)
Tested B'y Checl,i.ed €, Super.vised. Si.gnature

a l
F in./V.l\.4_1.
/1 n A
A. R.O. f\.ri.
Centr: I Labor(rtory Central l.aboratory.

\T.r
l.ru. r. .. n^+^J
+uol.Eu.

Fnn'.r:sririari l-r'r {-lra fnt. 11!r/Jlsqqah\r r-T1nn

Cerrtral. Lab,cratory,
 (szi)

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(56)
ANNEIURL2r,zT_
. covT. 0F BIH,AR,
QUALITY CONTROL DIVISION
TESTS RESULTS trF coMMoN BRr$K/T.tLHs tit$tpLtis. coNDrncTED A,r CMITRAL,
>j ' LABORATORY.' ..n...."...'..1 .... ; '

rb Loca$n.
For rse fut...,
, .... il.. {..........Rgf
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ll'\9 SamprJ-e mark o,r ref "

I

1:1s Propertieu Permissib.l.e Limifrs 'I1Ies r lR

of bricks Class III tSbserva- 'l
+,t r. s.310? 'bion. 't-
.l
1965--& l:.
r5t37- 197:i
t::i
ii

r.i.
.t
2a zo 3
'-Tt 1. Colou:r, Ijni.fonm Un:ifor rn Itilon Uniforn 'Uniform +I
2. Burrnt WelI Over Under trrlel l
.t
chara,srt;$r' burnt burnt burnt 'burnt,' .
;

3. Shape Urai.form' S1:lcrhtl\/ disturbed 'Uniforrn i

dls[urbi:d :faces. j
1. sharp t
Edges Fine Non Uniform lharp d.
st.r'aighL li, compa.c-t straight,t
6f Engled I _,.
,S anq.Ledj
-
5. Texture Fi.ne,unif- Fine Non uni-form .-* Fine t,t
af'ter orm compact ,.,' 'i:niform j
breakln5y conpact. 'compact,'i
6. Sound whern Ringing ..
Ringing
f,
DuIl .'i
Hrnglng nyl,r
st,rtrclr t;-o:if clull I
1

I
7 . Eff l-orersclerlce Verry Very Slight: very J

t
;l
slri"ght Slight sllght
i.,
I . Tzcrler erncer . 3/ la B,/' 8/ 3/i
on dimeneiir>n 3I
(fgx9>r4crns) .tt
n

'i
9. Comp'rnmia!Lve (zo I (3s) 10s f
Class
E ;75
Ciass
10. Water .il
abso,rprtlon 201 zsl i5E ?of,l',
' {"
/ ,i
Testeil Byr Checkert by SignalLur€
Superv:ised

F.a ./;' . R..A. A. t(., u.

( Centr a I Lab. ):

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fit
iir
$lopc rniil Lrnil'ridc Slopc
2.41 Frotactiorr ";.lSi17si;rtiile'

(o) Ritt;"t'sidei:ilolte ':' '" (

ft Th"
','l'.Ll

,irlu, si,lle siraqg .h,qs. to

ba
, _"I"

.t, - ,
and. draw-dotyrt'
llhe,ru**itrt
r'E '."esr!-i' : adqPgs'cl'ar
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It rnula-
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r*i ' 'rrmula gives

Molit,cr's tl
: i:
i rf,,,
' '

il

,h
,

. h _ 0.0lt6 /VD
I
,,,,,,

t- er hour''
crf 1i;"

iia
l, i(;i

rom trough to crest of the wave

+= buE a3
rbt,may bra taken as heigh't abcve the
l. 'in thc free-boerd'
tT
:

tr
q-

l\
 tf,
s!

'',], t
; .,,'". , ,' , . . ,,'',,.
R=.O"e[
\f/l|-I
"..UJ
Where. I{ is scour depth belc,w H. E" .; L. . !

,. ' q is diischarge Der' {oot trun, and '' I :, ; :

,, f iis [.iict:y's rdflt (actor.

For design furpcses the scout dLpth for diffeiEnt'cdnditions is taken as:-
.::
Sirrnaight reach=l'25 .R. ,. . : i
Illoclerrate bcd:I'S R
Sir;our bed :1'75 R
'
Itight anlle :2'0 R
t

Thqlength oI ,"pfpr^ is tben det"tmi

bed natet,ial is liltel'f Eo'sssume after scour' ,

bed material. I-tsualrly the slope is I'5 to

horizontalaptoin dptslaunched Uy the:scgur'o :
'-:(' 'has,
odf) .4goin,st Drraw.Dowr-:The anelysis against sudden draw-down already
tpen discussed erarlier. llt is usually , preferable to have a more qr less free dlrainirrg
marerialon the urpstl'ean side to take care of sudden dra'w-down. -Even if,i:be soil
availableis more trlerssof 9ne type; Dore .pervious. Elaterial should. bb' placed on tlie

-dowtttrLuet. . ," 'r

gv, Riptrlt av.ailable.* riprfpp

econdrrical and st .
a!,g!nst' sudden
blanket of gradecl e rip iap nhen th
therrnderlyingearthemrbankmentareof such gtaCatilon that tbere is danEer ttraf"tlre
fines may be *a.sh,e.4 o'uL:1h1ougtt,the,void14, qh€ Fip'rap bf ,s'9rve aqtign" The th:ickne's
'
o{ this layer of Bravel iL ordirrarilv 6' to l2'. ' " }

;" .y
.rXst
20.' EMBANKMENT }IANUAI:

'Jitand pllaced riprap mny be more ec,on.omical ttran dumped rip.s61, under ceitain
condit:ions. ,A thickness of:L2' ta24"' of"welrl;laid and dirrable stone will vrirhstarid sevet'c
conditions. lR.ounded or itregular stones lay up less satiifactorlly than stone which ir
rorr"(hl,r B(luare; flat stone should.he ptracerl with the principal liedding plane ngrmal ro
, the slctne. Joinits should be broken as much as possible and joint openings to tlre under-

I,lying fill shoul,d be avoided' by carefully arranging the various sizes of srones and by
-closinXl ttrre openings wirFr spalls or small rock fragmen-is,
t;
' (u) Corwretre, pauing-Q,sncfet€ prrvinS is sometimbs dsed for
../s slope profection
when .su.itablte rock for rip.rap is not ecr:nomically available, The pir.vement 1pey be
constrrrcfed roonolithically or in $quare rectangular blocks, 1

(rd) "Eltracl Maltresau-Brush mattresnes, usually of willows, or cotton wocld ,are

*ometirnes Bmployerl.as a substitute for more co$tlysurfaie protection. llhese are made
of sapli'nrEs I rto 2 inches in ,cliameLer and aS lon,g aq 20 fr. assembled in b.undles LZ to 1g
inches inr dia,rnerte[ an{ tied with wire. The brrndle.s are laid on face of tlle euobarrkment
length'wimie of thre slope and are then woven to,gether with heavy wire which is anchored
to $tout $!o$ts set deep inco.the embankment" The cabXe should be not o,ser B fe apart
and closrr'd iI a rsingtre-strand heavy' wire is used. A fundamental objection to brush-wood
i.s the nee,d for frequent replacement.

(fi) Ranr Bl,ope,or .ta,nd Biile-dope Proteilitn

(i) TttLrf'n0-Where a vigorctus growtlh of grass is expected, \regetative cover

is generallv the $ost desirable form of slo;pe ptotection. ' Where gniss
soddibg is to
be used, the ilownstn:am,qlope should be dnessad to line and sligbtly roughened
"to bond
wirh the surfac*: dres..ing consisting of 6 inches layer of good top soil. Thil;;;;
shorrld b,r rak,:d wittr a hand roller. The entire slof. surface
should then [' r_of sod ccrnsisting of blocks o, ruiipr or dense
liniug llrilss gror The sod shptrl.d include a set of roots and earth
at leasti tsvo incl ining an excessive mr:und of ob:noxious growlh
'shall ber c;rclu'C,ed. The bloclcs of sod should he laid on the slope in cJDse
conract and
tampedl firmly irr place. Ir shoultl nor be permitted tn dry ourt, but strould
ber rvetted
untin plarrt Srowth is fully established,

Several of the local graspes will provide a Bood sod for the embanknrenb. In
sodding; or rutfing the embankmenG a grass sho,uld be qhosen that will mar.and will give
a goodscrdand thus affrrnd maxiorum. protection to the slope. Dd gl.rrwhich iscom-
manly lbund, offilts the most prr:rrise, Gra ss tlrat grows in buncbes or has deep long roots;
should llog be, used a,s deep-spteadin! rootri will provide easy percolirtion paths for
watBr. '['he grrrss on the embankment slclp'es dhoull be cut or grazed to forin a more
'elficient :i,od. ! .

(iti)t Grawcl ar Roch Blanhetting-Gravel or rock blanketting in arirl or seni-ari{

 2L
DESIGNS .r. f*g

droptr:d" qrhcre. srowch .or

grass irr not n:jiill?, Flfi.$'bjiknaent
.lil.'iiiul.J'"*a-,"c,'rlr'J-,"o.*g,"*tor.rbck.b1i.hft.et"

r,tcifacilitathdtainagei'it.wilt;b;ef6unde.c6homicalto the
tervals r"l- e;"""otini the watsr from flowing,dowrr :dra:inage
causing 'g*ifi.* and etosion bf sloperl Forpropef
in siroold be' provided with a r'e'vers€ sl'opd'on the lrrzrm'
ghould be plovided to draih tlie water from the llongitddinal
Cross draihs at iu;itable sit*:s
" run rf ,ih,
r')l:-ttcrr:fu, t:3i-';i,ll
drainst *:''l':g
"'i' , !"' I l- i--'r;" '*t""' '1 t'-;l
Incase oll frigh ermlianktrtenf'' the .rear berm
inbreaking the
anrl au the same. tih'a prdVige-; ll .--- vler the gradient

i*"1 r, wirr also u., ;-"iir; ;il';i"J"", tf1n.

""*ri*oirrli-ufbil, li'::,: :;',,,,', i,,,,11
' '
the reilt*1ffr|'
(iu) Reor lloa-l*ock toe is sometin:es provid'ed at the toe o[
ai thebasestartingfrom'ther€artoeof
Acentralgravel6l.terbla'ket is also niotiaga rock toe' The filter
,o ,r'e llanket-preven(s
"nij,
d out'by seepage thnough'or irndet ttie embankmenL
ugh the and. tliirs 'pre'irents slourghing
"tbunko'outtt toe- tc serve
ich bouid".s is provided *r the en{ of the roch
hlorn8 the
,as.drairl for seepage water" The *uttt nntnls ttrrluelartUUttitik
' toe and doriis

.drain.Theroclctos.alstoservesut"'.tobilisindiiictdrauetldbicgweiehlaildhieh
In Fig S tvpicel section$ biir i6ik tod
and filiet' blankets ar'e
angle of inrernal frittiqn,
slrown. " '

I.4.SSafrtyAllriimtCrnctrl)uotoUncqualscrtlemdi:rtandWetting
_
:,i'
' ,.,

uneqrtal settletuerlt' non'uniimm rnetlhods of

Gracks iate [en€rally caused by
moisrure and compacticrn control.
Su.i tttcis are likelv to result in cleava€es which
Eayderr,elopintnseriousbrea,.hes"Unequalsetllementcanbelargelyavoiidedby
preparingtt,"to*nd"ticlnsproperlyandbyselgcting.suitable.matetia.Is.for-c'grrst(\iction.
Made eirrh, *t,i.ii io nol sandy
in .6"ru.ter, ho*"u"r, -consolidgted; tends to shrink arrd

or spits containins decaying veg€talrle natter such as

crack when drie,l. tlumid soils
rootr.houra be carefully rejectOd iri
embahknients'
the remains of pr,*tn ,"
{.
Sandy cotresive soils (sandv clavs) lle T.eouired blT:tt';"L'jl::: ll*l'?rl"ilflj
conesrv*: cuui'+'Lwrrr" -:':; '' -
(,r"r;1li!.'-'Ti'it'1-ti''"0*:::"'1"1,"*r".1*i1,,;*'|;"*i'$:itt.'.;r'lf
of [ctay]
'saturated. Sand has a latge percental
"f ; of '*rold,, oitticr become well J
compacted by a :rt'l
,oi' t"llgse, :andl-
--:r^. ^:!-:-ri-r
soils'congiitine o{gllahst
rr^la alnrrr 9o tq
29 rrr
f::r'."r'il'tllil"'1i.r",r', 5gl
.rn ^^^r af
-^- cent
30 per rla,w ar:e
of cla,Y suitable.
ale tluita r,

constructiotlr.
Wetrl of gh.e samg
[Iowever in
 i!?'\l( \-l
|

22 "l
EMBANkTTIENTMANUAL
*^^-_r, , ,-.,.' . '
n:ateri,al, zo,na,l :sections
, ioiY b"' ai.
casirigl ; i, , , .rp.."d, wigh imneri;ioii$ core,-
.ar

r, ' lr' oae5s1N6',;rr nrvrr.{el,n"n"r*n,*,

,., ,;;;:;;,r" ;;*o*'il""t
s,.and
,5 t,o I
sidrl.
Btde.
""s6's! or Eowno srii'rable to thd line of
ffhats Dlas il;rfi"::el the

:td bv. bulxock c

rhe. ramp i, tlkrtoullt and cars should be :flattened
'r^; :"__:" us.ed for getti
"rdont*'*n; ;, a ra.p shourd
;;;::Jll,trH
To facilitate th- *..-.- .
t *ra" ,iJuil ;;.."Tft':j
3i ffJ';ill:irril
Therr: strould be
.
ar leasr one
;i:i#lTill;'JtlnlT.;-:iT"";t:*#kl-"#i:,*tiltr-Jti::T,:l:
i16 Srurgrs ron Dnar1acr
. ,,, ,'-'.
r* .l^l'- . .' -*rrrNAGE ojs Counrny Watnn
vv AI LR

8,7 .Srurc;ni rb:r UirlrsrNc Splr

Ary,D,;:"TJi:[,,:n Intrcetron, FrnrrrrsrNcr
,

,.i,.)r:, , i 'ril; ''.,',.^ -

tse1ch ruarks :.::::1,

"_r,, ^
rF*1r_Tanenr. il':"t'
ernbankrrent a,t suit
connected"^*.*.
wjth
,roe of ,h"
"r.;,t
cide well u.r"na"rlr*",olel intetvals sav on everY anile,
";;;;k,oenrn
 coNirnuctioit 28

*:,urce s'hould be investigarted. When an area.of appatently suitable material is locateil,,

id should first be ilvesuigated by ureans of a nrinimurn number of auger-holes or pits" ,!
Atrer definife trorrow areas have baen.sr.leiled more, detailed investigationsshorrldbe
uodercaken {or a systrilmatic sLudy of the selected areas by means of the test pits ol' auBel
holes. Samples llr,rnr (hesie pits sbould be taken so as to represenc the type of soil; avail-
atle in those areas, Maps should ba prepared.showing the borrow areas, the quanticy ol:
:rati:rirl availab[e :for the differerrt zones of the embantlnretrt section.

l"LZ Laboratory 'feltl

'[:orrow
Representntive samples obtained f rom ttre areas should be tdsted in thrt
iaboratory ior dr:termininrg the engineerin! prbpercies of soils. Mechanical analysis. per-
ueability, plasci,c lirnits, shear and compaction terlrs shcruld be carried out. The
descriprion of the,se te$ts is shown in thr: Appendix "A".

3.2,$ Borrow F'its

Borrow prits on the rivur-side get siltecl up in the course of time whereas thos,c
on the land.sider rrrrnain il permanent dis6gr.lrarion. Furrher the borrow pits on the land-
"side can be a ca,use of inducing seepage from the foundations. Borrow pits on tbe land-
siJ: should lhere{'ore b,e avoided even af the expense oli comparatively long hauls fronr
L
rhe river-side 'pirs, Iior high embankments no exca!'ation should ba done within 150 fg. )
of the river sidertoe o{'the embankment, From 150 ft. to 200 fr., the botrow pits must
Rot be rnore thrn 6ft, deep and from 200{t, to 300ft,notmorethanBft,deepanrl
beyond 300 ft, tb<r:y can be of any depth. If earth is t,r be taken from land.side of the
embankment, rro hort:orv pits should be excavated rryirihin t0 fr. of the country-side toe
of theembanknient. i[hedeprhof excavationin 80 ft, to 120 fr. should nor be more
than 2 ft. For lo.w erobankments the borrow pits on the river-side and on the land- ti
side shoul d noli--d; GAiiea;Flixs than' 80 lli.'#ffiitH td, tl

The borrow pits should be stagserrrd and on undisturbed grouhd 20 fr. uide left at
regular intervalst. prev'ent the velocity of flow:iEt,uffilffi"*"ild"-b;il";i;.*
Thesraggeringwiilalsohe-lpinjnducing siltirrgandfillingupof these borrow pits. On
the land-side ttre Earidhis shoulrl be crrt and inter-connected to perrnit orclinary
drainaE,e. Therse sb,or.rld be connected to the nearesl drainage cbannel so as to, carry
away the drain:age water,

The bor:row ar,eas selectecl for taking earrtr sbould be cleared of all trees,
$rubs, glrass ;and vefietation mounds. bTo borrow pits shoulclbe made on roads, village
tracks, graveyErr'Jst cirnals or embankments.

Any ri,dges or mounds which are in the line of embankrnent should be loosene:d
or stepped to 'provide a close bond betweeir che old and new work. The foundation
should be careiiully marked and all clods htoken to porrder,