Exercice 1:

On a: 𝐽Ԧ = 𝐽Ԧ1 + 𝐽Ԧ2
1. On a:
𝐽𝑖 ; 𝐽𝑗 = 𝐽1𝑖 + 𝐽2𝑖 ; 𝐽1𝑗 + 𝐽2𝑗 c.à.d:
𝐽𝑥 = 𝐽1𝑥 + 𝐽2𝑥
= 𝐽1𝑖 + 𝐽2𝑖 ; 𝐽1𝑗 + 𝐽1𝑖 + 𝐽2𝑖 ; 𝐽2𝑗 ൞𝐽𝑦 = 𝐽1𝑦 + 𝐽2𝑦
𝐽𝑧 = 𝐽1𝑧 + 𝐽2𝑧
= 𝐽1𝑖 ; 𝐽1𝑗 + 𝐽2𝑖 ; 𝐽1𝑗 + 𝐽1𝑖 ; 𝐽2𝑗 + 𝐽2𝑖 ; 𝐽2𝑗
= 𝑖ℏℇ𝑖𝑗𝑘 𝐽1𝑘 + 0 + 0 + 𝑖ℏℇ𝑖𝑗𝑘 𝐽2𝑘
= 𝑖ℏℇ𝑖𝑗𝑘 𝐽1𝑘 + 𝑖ℏℇ𝑖𝑗𝑘 𝐽2𝑘 ℇ𝑥𝑦𝑧 = 1
= 𝑖ℏℇ𝑖𝑗𝑘 (𝐽1𝑘 + 𝐽2𝑘 ) ℇ𝑦𝑧𝑥 = 1
ℇ𝑧𝑥𝑦 = 1
= 𝑖ℏℇ𝑖𝑗𝑘 𝐽𝑘
Donc: ℇ𝑥𝑧𝑦 = −1
𝐽𝑖 ; 𝐽𝑗 = 𝑖ℏℇ𝑖𝑗𝑘 𝐽𝑘 ℇ𝑧𝑦𝑥 = −1
D’où 𝐽Ԧ est un opérateur moment cinétique. ℇ𝑥𝑧𝑦 = −1
2. (𝑎) On a:
𝐽1 2 ȁ𝑗, 𝑚ۧ = ℏ2 𝑗1 (𝑗1 + 1)ȁ𝑗, 𝑚ۧ
𝐽2 2 ȁ𝑗, 𝑚ۧ = ℏ2 𝑗2 (𝑗2 + 1)ȁ𝑗, 𝑚ۧ

𝐽2 ȁ𝑗, 𝑚ۧ = ℏ2 𝑗 (𝑗 + 1)ȁ𝑗, 𝑚ۧ
𝐽𝑧 ȁ𝑗, 𝑚ۧ = ℏ𝑚ȁ𝑗, 𝑚ۧ
10/02/2022 Pr. BADR-EZZAMANE MUSTAPHA 1
(𝑏) Les valeurs possibles de 𝑗 sont: −𝑗 ≤ 𝑚 ≤ 𝑗
𝑗1 − 𝑗2 ; 𝑗1 − 𝑗2 + 1; 𝑗1 − 𝑗2 + 2; … ; 𝑗1 + 𝑗2
Les valeurs possibles de 𝑚 sont:
− 𝑗1 + 𝑗2 ; … ; 𝑗1 + 𝑗2 − 2; 𝑗1 + 𝑗2 − 1; 𝑗1 + 𝑗2
3. On a:
𝑗1 = 𝑗2 = 1
Les valeurs possibles de 𝑗 sont:
0; 1; 2
𝑗=0⟹𝑚=0
𝑗 = 1 ⟹ 𝑚 = −1; 0; 1
𝑗 = 2 ⟹ 𝑚 = −2; −1; 0; 1; 2
Donc:
ȁ𝑗, 𝑚ۧ = ȁ0,0ۧ; ȁ1, −1ۧ; ȁ1,0ۧ; ȁ1,1ۧ; ȁ2, −2ۧ; ȁ2, −1ۧ; ȁ2,0ۧ; ȁ2,1ۧ; ȁ2,2ۧ

10/02/2022 Pr. BADR-EZZAMANE MUSTAPHA 2

 Exercice 2: 2
𝑎ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ = ȁ1ۧ
1. On a: 3
𝑥 = 𝜓(0) 𝑋 𝜓(0)
1 2
Calculons: 𝑋ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ 𝑎+ ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ = 𝑎+ ȁ0ۧ + ȁ2ۧ
3 3
On a:
ℏ 1 + 2 +
𝑋ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ = 𝑎 + 𝑎+ ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ = 𝑎 ȁ0ۧ + 𝑎 ȁ2ۧ
2𝑚𝜔 3 3

ℏ 1 2
= 𝑎ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ + 𝑎+ ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ = ȁ1ۧ + 3ȁ3ۧ
2𝑚𝜔 3 3
1
1 2 𝑎+ ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ = ȁ1ۧ + 2ȁ3ۧ
𝑎ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ = 𝑎 ȁ0ۧ + ȁ2ۧ 3
3 3
D’où:
ℏ 2 1
1 2 𝑋ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ = ȁ1ۧ + ȁ1ۧ + 2ȁ3ۧ
= 𝑎ȁ0ۧ + 𝑎ȁ2ۧ 2𝑚𝜔 3 3
3 3
Donc:
2 ℏ 3
= 2ȁ1ۧ 𝑋ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ = ȁ1ۧ + 2ȁ3ۧ
3 2𝑚𝜔 3

10/02/2022 Pr. BADR-EZZAMANE MUSTAPHA 3

D’où:

1 2 ℏ 3
𝑥 = ‫ۦ‬0ȁ + ‫ۦ‬2ȁ ȁ1ۧ + 2ȁ3ۧ
3 3 2𝑚𝜔 3
Donc:
𝑥 =0
On a:
𝑝𝑥 = 𝜓(0) 𝑃𝑥 𝜓(0)

Calculons: 𝑃𝑥 ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ
On a:
𝑚𝜔ℏ
𝑃𝑥 ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ = −𝑖 𝑎 − 𝑎+ ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ
2

𝑚𝜔ℏ
= −𝑖 𝑎ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ − 𝑎+ ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ
2

𝑚𝜔ℏ
= −𝑖 𝑎ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ − 𝑎+ ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ
2

10/02/2022 Pr. BADR-EZZAMANE MUSTAPHA 4

Donc:
𝑚𝜔ℏ 2 1
𝑃𝑥 ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ = −𝑖 ȁ1ۧ − ȁ1ۧ − 2ȁ3ۧ
2 3 3

𝑚𝜔ℏ 1
= −𝑖 ȁ1ۧ − 2ȁ3ۧ
2 3
D’où:

1 2 𝑚𝜔ℏ 1
𝑝𝑥 = ‫ۦ‬0ȁ + ‫ۦ‬2ȁ −𝑖 ȁ1ۧ − 2ȁ3ۧ
3 3 2 3
Donc:
𝑝𝑥 = 0
On a:
𝑥 2 = 𝜓(0) 𝑋 2 𝜓(0)

= 𝜓(0) 𝑋𝑋 𝜓(0)
On a:
ℏ 3 ℏ 3
𝑋ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ = ȁ1ۧ + 2ȁ3ۧ ⟹ ൻ𝜓(0)ȁ𝑋 † = ‫ۦ‬1ȁ + 2‫ۦ‬3ȁ
2𝑚𝜔 3 2𝑚𝜔 3
10/02/2022 Pr. BADR-EZZAMANE MUSTAPHA 5
Donc:
On a:
ℏ 3
‫(𝜓ۦ‬0)ȁ𝑋 = ‫ۦ‬1ȁ + 2‫ۦ‬3ȁ 𝑚𝜔ℏ 1
2𝑚𝜔 3 𝑃𝑥 ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ = −𝑖 ȁ1ۧ − 2ȁ3ۧ
2 3
D’où:
ℏ 3 3 D’où:
𝑥2 = ‫ۦ‬1ȁ + 2‫ۦ‬3ȁ ȁ1ۧ + 2ȁ3ۧ
2𝑚𝜔 3 3 𝑚𝜔ℏ 1
ൻ𝜓(0)ȁ𝑃𝑥 † =𝑖 ‫ۦ‬1ȁ − 2‫ۦ‬3ȁ
ℏ 2 3
= 3+0+0+2 D’où:
2𝑚𝜔
Donc: 𝑚𝜔ℏ 1
‫(𝜓ۦ‬0)ȁ𝑃𝑥 =𝑖 ‫ۦ‬1ȁ − 2‫ۦ‬3ȁ
5ℏ 2 3
𝑥2 =
2𝑚𝜔
Donc:
On a: 𝑚𝜔ℏ 1 1
𝑝𝑥 2 = ‫ۦ‬1ȁ − 2‫ۦ‬3ȁ ȁ1ۧ − 2ȁ3ۧ
2
𝑝𝑥 2 = 𝜓(0) 𝑃𝑥 𝜓(0) 2 3 3
Donc:
= 𝜓(0) 𝑃𝑥 𝑃𝑥 𝜓(0) 𝑚𝜔ℏ 1
𝑝𝑥 2 = −0−0+2
2 3
Donc:
7𝑚𝜔ℏ
𝑝𝑥 2 =
6
10/02/2022 Pr. BADR-EZZAMANE MUSTAPHA 6
2. On a:
3. On sait que:
∆ 𝑥 ∆ 𝑝𝑥 = 𝑥2 − 𝑥 𝑝𝑥 2 − 𝑝𝑥 𝐻
−𝑖 𝑡
ȁ𝜓(𝑡)ۧ = 𝑒 ℏ ȁ𝜓(0)ۧ
5ℏ 7𝑚𝜔ℏ
= 𝐻 1 2
2𝑚𝜔 6 = −𝑖 𝑡
𝑒 ℏ ȁ0ۧ + ȁ2ۧ
3 3
Donc:
1 −𝑖𝐻𝑡 2 −𝑖𝐻𝑡
35 = 𝑒 ℏ ȁ0ۧ + 𝑒 ℏ ȁ2ۧ
∆ 𝑥 ∆ 𝑝𝑥 = ℏ 3 3
12
On a:
1 −𝑖𝐸0 𝑡 2 −𝑖𝐸2 𝑡
= 𝑒 ℏ ȁ0ۧ + 𝑒 ℏ ȁ2ۧ
35 1 35 ℏ 3 3
≥ ⟹ ℏ≥
12 2 12 2 Donc:
Donc: 1 −𝑖𝜔𝑡 2 −𝑖5𝜔𝑡
ȁ𝜓(𝑡)ۧ = 𝑒 2 ȁ0ۧ + 𝑒 2 ȁ2ۧ
3 3
ℏ
∆ 𝑥 ∆ 𝑝𝑥 ≥
2

10/02/2022 Pr. BADR-EZZAMANE MUSTAPHA 7

4. La mesure de l’énergie donne l’une des valeurs propres de 𝐻:
1
𝐸𝑛 = ℏ𝜔 𝑛 +
2
On a:
2
𝒫𝑡 𝐸𝑛 = 𝑛 𝜓(𝑡)
2
1 −𝑖𝜔𝑡 2 −𝑖5𝜔𝑡
= ‫ 𝑛ۦ‬ȁ 𝑒 2 ȁ0ۧ + 𝑒 2 ȁ2ۧ
3 3

2
1 −𝑖𝜔𝑡 2 −𝑖5𝜔𝑡
= 𝑒 2 𝑛0 + 𝑒 2 𝑛2
3 3

1
Si 𝑛 = 0 alors: 𝒫𝑡 𝐸0 =
3
2
Si 𝑛 = 2 alors: 𝒫𝑡 𝐸2 =
3

Si 𝑛 ≠ 0 et 𝑛 ≠ 2 alors: 𝒫𝑡 𝐸𝑛 = 0

10/02/2022 Pr. BADR-EZZAMANE MUSTAPHA 8

5. On a:
2
𝒫𝑡 𝐸1 = 0 𝑒𝑡 𝒫𝑡 𝐸2 =
3
Exercice 3:
1. 𝑔 𝐸0 = 1.
2. Les valeurs possibles de 𝐹 sont:
0; 1
Les valeurs possibles de 𝑀 sont:
0; −1; 1
On a:
1 1
ȁ1,1 ۧ = ቤ , ඁ
2 2

1 1 −1 1 −1 1
ȁ1,0ۧ = ቤ , ඁ+ ቤ , ඁ
2 2 2 2 2 2

−1 −1
ȁ1, −1ۧ = ቤ , ඁ
2 2
1 1 −1 1 −1 1
ȁ0,0ۧ = ቤ , ඁ− ቤ , ඁ
2 2 2 2 2 2
10/02/2022 Pr. BADR-EZZAMANE MUSTAPHA 9
3. On a: 4. On a:
𝐴 2
𝐻ℎ𝑓 = 2 𝑆Ԧ1 . 𝑆Ԧ2 𝐹 2 = 𝑆Ԧ1 + 𝑆Ԧ2
ℏ
𝐴 = 𝑆Ԧ1 + 𝑆Ԧ2 . 𝑆Ԧ1 + 𝑆Ԧ2
= 2 𝑆1𝑥 𝑆2𝑥 + 𝑆1𝑦 𝑆2𝑦 + 𝑆1𝑧 𝑆2𝑧
ℏ = 𝑆1 2 + 𝑆Ԧ1 . 𝑆Ԧ2 + 𝑆Ԧ2 . 𝑆Ԧ1 + 𝑆2 2
D’autre part, on a:
= 𝑆1 2 + 2𝑆Ԧ1 . 𝑆Ԧ2 + 𝑆2 2 Car: 𝑆Ԧ1 . 𝑆Ԧ2 = 𝑆Ԧ2 . 𝑆Ԧ1
1
𝑆1𝑥 = 𝑆1+ + 𝑆1− Donc:
2 1 2
1 𝑆Ԧ1 . 𝑆Ԧ2 = 𝐹 − 𝑆1 2 − 𝑆2 2
𝑆2𝑥 = 𝑆2+ + 𝑆2− 2
2 D’où:
𝑖 𝐴 2 2 2
𝑆1𝑦 = 𝑆1− − 𝑆1+ 𝐻ℎ𝑓 = 𝐹 − 𝑆1 − 𝑆2
2 2ℏ2
𝑖
𝑆2𝑦 = 𝑆 − 𝑆2+
2 2−
Donc:

𝐴 1 1
𝐻ℎ𝑓 = 2 𝑆 + 𝑆1− 𝑆2+ + 𝑆2− − 𝑆1− − 𝑆1+ 𝑆2− − 𝑆2+ + 𝑆1𝑧 𝑆2𝑧
ℏ 4 1+ 4

10/02/2022 Pr. BADR-EZZAMANE MUSTAPHA 10

 5. On a:
𝐴
𝐻ℎ𝑓 ȁ𝐹, 𝑀 ۧ = 2 𝐹 2 − 𝑆1 2 − 𝑆2 2 ȁ𝐹, 𝑀 ۧ
2ℏ
𝐴
= 2 𝐹 2 ȁ𝐹, 𝑀 ۧ − 𝑆1 2 ȁ𝐹, 𝑀 ۧ − 𝑆2 2 ȁ𝐹, 𝑀 ۧ
2ℏ
𝐴 1 1 1 1
= 2 ℏ2 𝐹 𝐹 + 1 ȁ𝐹, 𝑀 ۧ − ℏ2 + 1 ȁ𝐹, 𝑀 ۧ − ℏ2 + 1 ȁ𝐹, 𝑀 ۧ
2ℏ 2 2 2 2
𝐴 3
= 𝐹 𝐹+1 − ȁ𝐹, 𝑀 ۧ
2 2
D’où:
𝐴 3
𝐸𝐹 = 𝐹 𝐹+1 −
2 2
−3𝐴
Pour 𝐹 = 0 on a: 𝐸0 = et 𝑔 𝐸0 = 1
4
𝐴
Pour 𝐹 = 1 on a: 𝐸1 = et 𝑔 𝐸1 = 3
4
6. On a:
∆𝐸 = 𝐸1 − 𝐸0
𝐴 −3𝐴
= −
4 4
10/02/2022 Pr. BADR-EZZAMANE MUSTAPHA 11
Donc:
∆𝐸 = 𝐴
A. N:
∆𝐸 = 5,87. 10−6 𝑒𝑉
On a:
∆𝐸 = ℎ𝜐
𝑐
=ℎ
𝜆
Donc:
ℎ𝑐
𝜆=
∆𝐸
A.N:
6,63. 10−34 . 3. 108
𝜆=
5,87. 10−6 . 1,602. 10−19

𝜆 = 0,211 𝑚

10/02/2022 Pr. BADR-EZZAMANE MUSTAPHA 12