Holy Angel University

School of Nursing and Allied Medical Sciences

NCM-102 (Health Education)

Individual Assignment Number 1

(Synthesis on Learning Theories)

Name: Cook, Richard A.

Section: NU-102

Instructions:

Answer each question substantially. The minimum limit for your response to each of the questions is 30
words. Provide your answer directly on this word document.

1. Choose two (2) of the learning theories and discuss the central propositions or key concepts of
each theory.
Answer here:
Behaviorist Learning Theory
- According to this learning theory, behaviors are acquired from their environment, and intrinsic or
inherited characteristics have very little impact on the behavior. The stimulus-response (S-R)
equation, classical and operant conditioning, observational learning, and reinforcement and
punishment are the key concepts in behaviorism.

Cognitive Learning Theory

- Cognitive learning theory describes how internal and external factors affect an individual's mental
processes to complement learning. Cognitive theory assumes that thinking is a major determinant
of emotions and behavior.

2. What does each theory say are the primary influences on learning behaviors. In other words, how
does learning (i.e. behavior) take place according to the theory?
Answer here:
Learning theories explain how humans make sense of information and how they integrate it into
their mental models to create new knowledge. Learning theories also look at what motivates people to learn
and what conditions help or hinder them from doing so. (1) Behaviorists operate in a variety of
environments, and (2) cognitive theory grew in reaction to behaviorism. Learning is the process of
connecting symbols in a meaningful and memorable way, (3) Social learning theory states that learning
occurs through observation and sensorial experiences, (4) Psychodynamic articulate that learning and
changing behavior have significant implications, and (5) Humanistic states that personal needs, self-
concept, and self-esteem are all important considerations in any learning situation.

3. According to each theory, how do the actions of the teacher influence a learner?
Answer here:
 Behaviorist Learning Theory - When students perform well, they are rewarded with positive
reinforcement and are singled out for special attention. Teachers and educational institution should
both provide positive feedback.

Cognitive Learning Theory - Learning relies on both external factors such as information and data,
and internal thinking processes. Teachers build experiences through organization and meaning to
facilitate cognitive reorganization.

Social Learning Theory - Instructor models behavior, facilitates reinforcement perception, carefully
examines learning materials for social messages, and tries to influence learner self-regulation. To
"construct" a new knowledge, the learner builds on his or her existing experience and understanding.

Psychodynamic Learning Theory - Educator as a reflective interpreter makes feel of learner`s

character and motivation through listening and posing inquiries to stimulate aware awareness,
insights, and ego strength.

Humanistic Learning Theory - Learners' needs are satisfied, and they are then free to choose their
own objectives, with the teacher assisting them in achieving those objectives. Teachers encourage
positive self-growth, listen empathically, allow students to make their own decisions, and respect
students.

4. What are each theory’s major strengths and weaknesses?

Strengths Weaknesses
Behaviorist Learning Theory   Mechanistic view of behavior
Scientific credibility and real-life
application. and environmental
determinism.

Cognitive Learning Theory The understanding that learning Does not account enough for
changes over the course of a individuality and a little
lifetime. emphasis on affective
characteristics

Social Learning Theory Flexibility in explaining the  Inner conflicts, less

differences in a person's behavior or authenticity, and loss of
learning. innovation.

Psychodynamic Learning It takes both nature and nurture into Limitations

Theory account.

Humanistic Learning Theory Emphasizes individual choice and Promotes frustration and
responsibility. ethnocentricity of humanistic
approach.