g GE Energy

GEH-6715A

Digital Ground Detector Module (DGD)

User Guide
These instructions do not purport to cover all details or variations in equipment, nor
to provide for every possible contingency to be met during installation, operation,
and maintenance. The information is supplied for informational purposes only, and
GE makes no warranty as to the accuracy of the information included herein.
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This document contains proprietary information of General Electric Company, USA
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testing, operation, and/or maintenance of the equipment described. This document
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without warranty of any kind, express or implied, including but not limited to any
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© 2004 - 2012 by General Electric Company, USA.

All rights reserved.
Revised Date: 2012-07-01
Issue Date : 2004-08-10

Ethernet is a registered trademark of Xerox Corporation.

LEXAN is a registered trademark of General Electric Company.
Windows and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
Contents
Chapter 1 Overview 1-1
Introduction ............................................................................................................................1-1
Functional Description............................................................................................................1-3
Packaging .................................................................................................................1-4
Environmental Specifications...................................................................................1-4
Printed Wiring Boards ............................................................................................................1-5
BGTB Terminal Board .............................................................................................1-6
BFGD Acquisition Board .........................................................................................1-7
BPPB Processor Board .............................................................................................1-7
EXAM ......................................................................................................................1-8
PGDM I/O pack........................................................................................................1-8

Chapter 2 Connections 2-1

Introduction ............................................................................................................................2-1
Installation Guidelines ............................................................................................................2-2
Interface to Field Poles and Ground .......................................................................................2-2

Chapter 3 Configuration 3-1

Introduction ............................................................................................................................3-1
Configuration Mode................................................................................................................3-1
Configuration Parameters .........................................................................................3-3
Configure Ethernet for Windows 2000 ...................................................................................3-5
Configure Ethernet for Windows NT .....................................................................................3-6

Chapter 4 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting 4-1

Customer I/O ..........................................................................................................................4-1
Contact Inputs...........................................................................................................4-1
Form C Dry Contact Outputs ...................................................................................4-2
Analog Current Output .............................................................................................4-2
LEDs .......................................................................................................................................4-3
Test Function ..........................................................................................................................4-4
Alarm Display.........................................................................................................................4-4
List Of Alarms ..........................................................................................................4-5
Status Display .........................................................................................................................4-6
Troubleshooting ......................................................................................................................4-7

Appendix A A-9
Introduction ...........................................................................................................................A-9
Identifying the Part ..............................................................................................................A-10
Renewal Parts List .................................................................................................A-10
How to Order a Board...........................................................................................A-10
Warranty Terms.....................................................................................................A-11
Placing the Order ..................................................................................................A-12

Digital Ground Detector Module Contents • i

ii • Contents Digital Ground Detector Module
Chapter 1 Overview

Introduction
The 151X1207GD01SA02 Digital Ground Detector module (DGD) detects
inadvertent ground leakage resistance in ungrounded power conversion equipment.
The most common application is to detect ground paths in generator field windings
and the associated power supply electronics. The DGD works by injecting a ±50 V
square wave signal referenced to ground into both field terminals, and detecting
whether current flows as a result of the signal.
The ground detector module consists of digital ground detector terminal board
IS200BGTB (BGTB), the digital ground detector I/O pack IS220PGDM (PGDM),
and exciter attenuation module IS200EXAM (EXAM).

Digital Ground Detector Module Chapter 1 Overview • 1-1

 Digital Ground Detector
terminal board (BGTB)
Digital Ground Detector I/O
pack (PGDM)

Exciter Attenuation
module (EXAM)

Digital Ground Detector

Power Supply
TB1

Input Fuse
Holder
TB2

Ground Detector Module

1-2• Chapter 1 Overview Digital Ground Detector Module

Functional Description
The DGD comes
preconfigured and has a
simple hardware interface so
it can easily be installed as a
standalone module in most
existing systems.
Refer to TB2 in the system
elementary for typical
applications.
Digital Ground Detector Module
The Digital Ground Detector module (DGD) can detect ground faults from 0 to
40 kΩ in the field winding of generators. It measures ground resistance within 10%
accuracy for grounds 1 kΩ to 40 kΩ. The module is applicable to systems with
nominal power potential transformer (PPT) voltages up to 1300 V ac and field
voltages up to 1000 V dc.
The module has a 4-20 mA output signal proportional to measured ground
resistance, and a test input and status output to confirm the unit is operating properly.
An Ethernet® port provides a configuration and diagnostic interface.
The DGD injects a ±50 V square wave (maximum ±60 V dc) into both poles of the
field winding. The frequency of the injected signal is less than 1 Hz during normal
operation. When used in conventional power converters for field excitation systems,
the module detects grounds on the dc side of the power converter whether the field is
energized or not. Grounds on the ac side of the power converter are detected when
the converter is active or if the converter has peak reverse voltage (PRV) resistors
that balance the voltage across the power switching devices.
The ground detector module is powered from a DIN-rail mounted 24 V dc power
supply. This power supply can operate from a source of 100 to 240 V ac, +10/-15%,
50/60 Hz.
The module is controlled by two dry-contact input circuits, which provide a wetting
voltage of 50 V dc. One input is used to ENABLE normal ground detection
operation of the DGD. The other input initiates a self test of the DGD or a reset of
the DGD to clear a trip condition. A local pushbutton duplicates the functionality of
the second input.
There are three form C relay outputs. Each contact is rated 120 V ac/125 V dc at
0.5 A maximum. The relays close as follows:
• ACTIVE ENABLE input is closed and the module is monitoring for grounds
• ALARM Ground resistance is below the alarm threshold. The module
remains active.
• TRIP Ground resistance is below the trip threshold. The ground detector
remains inactive until it is reset through the contact input or pushbutton.
The module may need to be disconnected from the power circuit at certain times.
For example, during generator startup, the field may be temporarily connected to a
plant battery system that already has a ground detector function. To prevent
interaction of the DGD with other plant ground detectors, or to allow isolation from
the ground detector voltage output during generator maintenance, use TB2 to
disconnect the DGD through contact inputs.
The DGD includes an automatic self test of the power oscillator on every cycle. In
addition, it has an operator initiated diagnostic test, which validates operation of the
system. Many generator field excitation systems include a dc filter on the field
terminals, called a shaft voltage suppressor (SVS). When this is present, the DGD
uses this circuit to provide wider coverage of the diagnostic self test function. (See
Chapter 4, and the section, Test Function.)
Chapter 1 Overview • 1-3
 Packaging
The DGD is mounted on a galvanized sheet metal base with provision for wall
mounting. Unit dimensions are approximately 12 in wide, 17 in high, and 10.5 in
deep. Four ¼ in mounting holes are provided, with a horizontal spacing of 8 in and a
vertical spacing of 16.33 in. The package is covered by a LEXAN® cover with
suitable access holes for wiring and convection cooling, and visibility to the jumper
settings on the EXAM board.
Depending on the system voltage, significant heat can be produced by the attenuation
string on the EXAM board. For a typical system with 1300 V ac PPT, watt loss is
approximately 39 W. For a system with 600 V ac PPT, watt loss is approximately
8 W. During a worst case short to ground of either E1 or E2, the power can double.

Provision should be made during installation of the unit in

the cabinet for adequate air convection to remove this heat.

Environmental Specifications
The ground detector module can be used in an ambient of 0 to 55o C, up to 95%
relative humidity, non-condensing. The storage temperature range is -25 to 75° C.
The module conforms to seismic rating UBC Zone 4.
The DGD is intended for mounting inside a cabinet with other equipment. Its
protection level is therefore IP00 (not protected).

1-4• Chapter 1 Overview Digital Ground Detector Module

Printed Wiring Boards
The DGD assembly includes four boards. Only the Exciter Attenuation Module
board (EXAM) contains hardware Berg jumpers that must be set properly. The
BPPB and BFGD are joined in an assembly known as the PGDM I/O pack. The
following digram shows how the boards are interconnected, and the control power
interface. Refer to documents, GEI-100606, Digital Ground Detector Terminal
Board IS200BGTB and GEI-100607, Digital Ground Detector I/O pack IS220PGDM.

±50 V to 9-pin D- 24 V dc Power

Power Fuse Power
Field Winding
Connector Supply e input

BGTB
EXAM

24
V dc
Connections to field

I/O Pack PGDM

flashing relays

37-pin D-
BFG
BFGD
- BPPB
BPPB
Connector 0
Customer I/O
and LEDs

Ethernet

IR Port
port
PGDM Block Diagram

Digital Ground Detector Module Chapter 1 Overview • 1-5

 BGTB Terminal Board
The BGTB is the motherboard for the ground detector module. The following
connectors are available:
• 9-pin D-connector (EXAM). This connector carries the power oscillator output
to the EXAM board and returns the ground sense signals from the EXAM
• 37-pin D-connector (PGDM)
• TB1 Terminal block for the customer I/O
• 24 V dc input from the power supply
• Ground connection, used as the reference point for ground resistance
measurements

AC55_A P55 P50

Regulator +
HF Inverter (Isolation and Rectifier
Step-up) Low Frequency Inverter
AC55_B N55 N50
Regulator -

DCDC_SW_B, AOK_B SG_DRV_B, PA_EN_L_B

24 V
dc Switching and Control Signals
Analog
Differential
Input

PA - OUT
I/O Pack Interface Amplifier
to various
24 V dc input from circuits
Relay Drive

power supply on- board

Pushbutton Input
Signals

Analog Output
Contact Input
Logic Signals

Relay Status Input

Filter

24 V Capacitors
dc
Relay (Sense
IN-A Resistor
IN-B
Drivers
Signal)
+/15V & 5V Circuits
EXAM
LED Drive

Current Limiter Relays Interface

Signals

EMC
& Level Shifter
Filter
Outputs
Contact

Contact
Inputs

Indicating
Pushbutton
Terminal Block for Customer I/O LEDs

BGTB Block Diagram

1-6• Chapter 1 Overview Digital Ground Detector Module

 BFGD Acquisition Board
The BFGD acquisition board connects with the BPPB processor board inside the
PGDM I/O pack. It interfaces the I/O on the BGTB board with the processor.

LF Inverter Drive Logic Signal SG_DRV

HF Inverter Drive Logic Signal DCDC_SW

Buffers
Relay Drive Logic Signals Relay Drive Signals
LED Drive Logic Signals LED Drive Signals

Contact Input Logic Signals

Test/Rest Input

IS200BGTB
Interface

Converter
BPPB Interface

D to A

Buffer
Measured Analog
Resistance Value Output
FOUT

IN_A
A to D Converter Differential Amplifier Filter Capacitors (Sense Resistor
Signal)

BFGD Block Diagram

BPPB Processor Board

The processor completes
self-test routines and then
loads the application code
specific to the I/O pack from
its flash memory. The board
ID information ensures the
correct matching of the
application code, the
acquisition board, and the
terminal board.
The BPPB processor board connects with the BFGD acquisition board inside the I/O
pack. It contains the following:
• High-speed processor with RAM and flash memory
• Two fully independent 10/100 Ethernet ports with connectors
• Hardware watchdog timer and reset circuit
• Local ambient temperature sensor
• Infrared serial communications port
• Status indication LEDs
• Electronic ID and the ability to read IDs on other boards
• Programmable logic supporting the acquisition board
• Input power connector with soft start/current limiter
• Local power supplies, including sequencing and monitoring

Digital Ground Detector Module Chapter 1 Overview • 1-7

 EXAM
The EXAM provides resistor attenuation and signal filtering between the excitation
control system and the PGDM signal electronics. There are three berg jumpers that
should be set in accordance with the voltage ratings of the excitation system. By
default, the jumpers are set for the high voltage ranges (1-2 position). All accuracy
specifications are met in this range, however in applications where the system
voltages are below 375 V ac (PPT secondary voltage), accuracy can be improved by
using the 2-3 position. Changing to the 2-3 position also requires changing the
configuration parameter RSENSE. Refer to the section, Parameters in Chapter 3.
The PDGM provides the electrical interface between one or two I/O Ethernet
networks and the BGTB. The pack contains a processor board (IS200BGTB), and an
acquisition board BFGD specific to the digital field ground detector assembly,
151X1207GD01SA02.

PGDM I/O pack

The I/O pack can manage up to 11 digital outputs, six digital inputs, one analog
input, and one analog output. It receives 24 V dc power input through a 3-pin power
input. It connects to Ethernet ports for configuration, diagnostics, and status display
through either of the two RJ45 Ethernet connectors. Connection to the BGTB
processor board is through a DC37 connector that connects directly with the
associated BGTB connector. Visual status is provided through indicator LEDs, and
local diagnostic serial communication through an IrDA infrared port.

1-8• Chapter 1 Overview Digital Ground Detector Module

Chapter 2 Connections

Introduction
The DGD is designed to be installed within another cabinet or enclosure, in
accordance with the environmental specifications listed in chapter one. Refer to the
following figure for customer connections.

To field terminals and optional

shaft voltage suppressor

E1 E2 TB1 NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
DGD 4-20 mA
Loop
18
17
4 20

mA
Analog
Resistance
16 Output
Test/Reset
50 V 15 Control
Enable 14
Inputs
50 V 13
NC
11
±50 V 10
Injected Active
Signal 9
Source NC Status
7 Outputs
Trip 6
FH1 5
5A NC
3
TB2 Alarm 2
L N
1
1 2 3 4

100-240 V ac Optional Isolation Interface

Customer Electrical Interfaces

Digital Ground Detector Module Chapter 2 Connections • 2-1

Installation Guidelines
The following guidelines should be used for installation:
• Provide branch circuit protection for the control power wiring to the fuse block.
• Provide a solid ground connection. Refer to the system elementary sheet 0B.
• Provide separation of signal wiring (4-20 mA output), power wiring (field
terminals), and control wiring. Refer to the system elementary sheet 0B.
• Use twisted-pair wiring for all control wiring.
• Use shielded twisted-pair cable for the 4-20mA analog output. Ground the shield
at the DGD end only.
• For all control wiring, use 14 to 18 AWG wire rated for at least 300 V.
• For control power and ground, use 14 or 12 AWG wire rated for at least 300 V.
• For field connections, use 14 or 12 AWG stranded wire. The insulation class
must be suitable for the site-specific field voltages.
• Use tie down hardware for cable ties, to minimize stress on connections.
• Follow applicable local codes.

Interface to Field Poles and Ground

The DGD connects to the field terminals through the EXAM board, which contains
the appropriate RC attenuator string. To avoid the use of a high voltage interposing
terminal board, the field connects directly to the spade stab-on terminals E1 and E2
on EXAM.
Some ground detector applications work by interfacing to signals other than the field
terminal. For example, some rotating exciter applications provide a collector ring
connected to one or more ac outputs from the rotating exciter, rather than the dc field
poles. The DGD can be applied in such applications, so long as neither the
maximum ac nor dc voltage ratings are exceeded.
In applications where only one connection point is provided, such as a single
collector ring, EXAM E1 and E2 terminals should be connected together, and both
connected to the connection point. If E1 and E2 are connected to an ac circuit,
instead of to the dc field terminals, the module is not able to distinguish between ac
and dc grounds, and the parameter, Disable ac Discrimination should be set to 1
(refer to Chapter 3.)
Some applications may require temporary galvanic isolation of the ground detector
from the excitation system, such as, during maintenance or startup where field
excitation power is derived from a plant battery. TB2, accommodates these
applications. By default, terminals 1 and 2 and 3 and 4 are connected together
through jumpers. These jumpers can be replaced by switches or normally closed
relay contacts where necessary. Opening points 1 and 2 disconnects the ±50 V
power oscillator from the EXAM E1 and E2 terminals. Opening points 3 and 4
disconnects the EXAM attenuator filter capacitors and MOVs from ground.

2-2• Chapter 2 Connections Digital Ground Detector Module

Chapter 3 Configuration
Introduction
Configuration Mode
The infrared port located on
the PGDM I/O pack is for
factory and service personnel
use only.
Digital Ground Detector Module
This chapter describes how to connect a pc to the ground detector in order to review
or change the configuration settings, or to view diagnostic messages.
The DGD must be connected to a host computer to configure parameters. There are
two Ethernet ports on the right side opening of the I/O pack with the following fixed
IP addresses.
PW R
ATT N
LIN K
S et to 192.168.101.119
EN E T 1
Tx /R x
S et to 192.168.1.119
LIN K
EN ET2
Tx/R x
IR P o rt
336A94ODSP17
IS 22 00P G D M H 1A
Note If the pc already contains an Ethernet adaptor board in a private network
configuration suitable for one of these addresses, then pc configuration is not
required to connect to the module. Otherwise, the Ethernet adapter in the PC must
be reconfigured temporarily to connect with the DGD. If the pc is already connected
to another LAN, you may want to install a separate Ethernet adapter to connect to the
DGD.
Chapter 3 Configuration • 3-1
  To configure the PGDM through a PC using Ethernet
1. Use a crossover Ethernet cable to connect ENET1 or ENET2 to the pc Ethernet
port. Or use a standard Ethernet cable to connect one of them to a hub or switch
that is connected to the pc.
2. Configure the Ethernet adapter on the pc to any available address on either the
192.168.101 or 192.168.1 network.

Note The procedure for this depends upon the Windows operating system on the pc.
Refer to the next two sections.

Telnet is a standard Ethernet 3. Open a command prompt window and type

utility supplied with Windows
telnet “IP address” (example: telnet 192.168.101.119)
Or
4. From the Start menu, select Run, and enter the Telnet command as
telnet “IP address” (example telnet 192.168.101.119)
Press Enter. A logon prompt displays.
5. Enter the Login ID as guest and password ID as guest
6. At the command prompt type pgdm and press Enter.
7. Select from four options:
C View and modify configuration parameters
A Display alarm messages
S Display system status and measured ground resistance
E Exit the PGDM utility. The Ethernet cable can be unplugged from the
module and the pc restored to its previous configuration.

3-2• Chapter 3 Configuration Digital Ground Detector Module

 Configuration Parameters
The configuration parameters available from the PGDM utility are as follows:
The default setting is 1001 Rsense indicates the value of the sense resistor used on the EXAM board. This
and will work for all value must be set in accordance with the Berg jumper settings used on the
applications, but accuracy is EXAM board.
slightly better if the lower
− Rsense setting must be 2003 when EXAM JP3 is 2-3 (V ac < 375) or
range is set.
− Rsense setting must be 1001 when EXAM JP3 is 1-2 (V ac > 375)
Rbleed is used to configure the value of a bleed resistor across capacitors in the SVS
circuit, if present. The default setting is 440,000 Ω, which is the resistance of the
bleed resistors in the SVS modules. The Rbleed setting has little effect on accuracy
for ground paths less than 10 K Ω, but must be correct for accuracy at higher ground
impedances. If no SVS is present, enter a configuration setting of 10,000,000.
Alternatively, accuracy may be preserved without changing the default
configuration, by adding a suitable 440,000 Ω resistor from each field pole to
ground.
Ralarm is the value of ground fault resistance at which the ALARM triggers if the
measured resistance falls below this value. The default setting is 5000 Ω.
Rtrip is the value of ground fault resistance at which TRIP activates if the measured
resistance falls below this value. The default setting is 2000 Ω.
SVS_Present indicates whether an SVS is present (default value is 1) or not (value
0). This setting does not affect measurement accuracy, but only determines whether
the SVS should be used during the diagnostic test described in the next chapter.
The DGD design assumes that the shaft voltage suppressor consists of an R-C filter
from each field pole to ground.
Alarm Delay sets the approximate time delay taken by the system to report the
ALARM status after fault is detected. The default value is 15 seconds. This is used
to avoid potential nuisance alarms due to transient events.
Trip Delay sets the approximate time delay taken by the system to activate the
TRIP, after a fault is detected. The default value is 15 seconds.
Disable ac Discrimination configures whether the PGDM should distinguish
between the ground faults in the ac or dc portion of the exciter power converter. If
the PGDM E1 and E2 terminals are connected to the ac side of the converter,
differentiation between ac and dc grounds is not possible, and this parameter should
be set to 1 to avoid unclear diagnostic messages. When set to the default of 0,
PGDM assumes it is connected to a dc circuit and can distinguish ground faults as
either an ac or dc fault. Valid entries are 1 or 0.

Digital Ground Detector Module Chapter 3 Configuration • 3-3

 Setting the Parameters
 To set parameters
After connecting the module to the host by any one of the configuration modes
explained in the previous section, a log on prompt displays.
1. Enter guest as a login and password.
2. Enter the following command at the prompt: $ pgdm
The following menu displays:
For Configuring Parameters Enter 'c' For Alarm Display Enter 'a'
For Status Display Enter 's' For Exiting Enter 'e'
3. See chapter 4 for details of the alarm and status display selections of this menu.
To continue with configuration, type c to display and y to configure the
parameters:
1 Rsense :1001 Ohm Default Value of Rsense is 1001 Ohm
2 Rbleed :440000 Ohm Default Value of Rbleed is 440000 Ohm
3 Ralarm :5000 Ohm Default Value of Ralarm is 5000 Ohm
4 Rtrip :2000 Ohm Default Value of Rtrip is 2000 Ohm
5 SVS_Present :1 Default Condition is '1'
6 Alarm Delay :15 secs Default Alarm Delay value is 15 secs
7 Trip Delay :15 secs Default Trip Delay value is 15 secs
8 Disable Ac Discrimination:0 Default Value is '0'
9 Restore all Default Values

4. Enter the index number, such as 1 for the parameter to be configured or type 0
to exit the Configure Section.
5. When prompted, enter the data. The parameter is updated as soon as it is
entered.
Enter Rsense value as 2003 Ohms when Vac <375 and EXAM JP3 is 2-3,
or 1001 Ohms when Vac > 375 and EXAM JP3 is 1-2: 2003

1 Rsense :2003 OhmDefault Value of Rsense is 1001 Ohm

2 Rbleed :440000 OhmDefault Value of Rbleed is 440000 Ohm
3 Ralarm :5000 OhmDefault Value of Ralarm is 5000 Ohm
4 Rtrip :2000 OhmDefault Value of Rtrip is 2000 Ohm
5 SVS_Present :1 Default Condition is '1'
6 Alarm Delay :15 secs Default Alarm Delay value is 15 secs
7 Trip Delay :15 secs Default Trip Delay value is 15 secs
8 Disable Ac Discrimination:0 Default Value is '0'
9 Restore all Default Values

6. Enter the index number for the parameter to be configured or type 0 to exit
Configure Section
Type 9 to restore default settings, as follows:

1 Rsense :1001 Ohm Default Value of Rsense is 1001 Ohm

2 Rbleed :440000 Ohm Default Value of Rbleed is 440000 Ohm
3 Ralarm :5000 Ohm Default Value of Ralarm is 5000 Ohm
4 Rtrip :2000 Ohm Default Value of Rtrip is 2000 Ohm
5 SVS_Present :1 Default Condition is '1'
6 Alarm Delay :15 secs Default Alarm Delay value is 15 secs
7 Trip Delay :15 secs Default Trip Delay value is 15 secs
8 Disable Ac Discrimination:0 Default Value is '0'
9 Restore all Default Values

3-4• Chapter 3 Configuration Digital Ground Detector Module

Configure Ethernet for Windows 2000
Note the current settings in
order to restore them at a
later date.
 To connect the DGD with Windows™
1. From Start Menu, select Settings, and Network and Dial-up Connections
2. Right click on the Ethernet adapter that the DGD is connected to and select the
Properties option from the drop down menu.
3. Select the TCP/IP protocol and select the Properties button. The following
dialog box displays.

Select Use the following IP address and enter the

new IP address. (See page 3-1) The first and second
fields must be 192 and 168. The third field must be
either 1 or 101, depending on which DGD port is being
used. The fourth field can be any available address
from 1 to 254, but not 119, since that address is used by
the module.

Enter the new subnet mask, as 255.255.255.0.

Select OK . This procedure may be verified before

connecting through telnet, by using the Windows ping
command.

Digital Ground Detector Module Chapter 3 Configuration • 3-5

Configure Ethernet for Windows NT
 To connect the DGD with Windows NT
1. From Start menu, select Settings, Control Panel, and Network.
Note the current settings in 2. From the Protocol click the TCP/IP protocol and select the Properties button.
order to restore them at a A similar dialog box as shown below displays.
later date.

Select the Specify an IP address

option button.

Enter the new IP address and subnet

mask, as described in the Windows
2000 procedure.

Select OK . This procedure may be

verified before connecting through
telnet, by using the Windows ping
command.

3-6• Chapter 3 Configuration Digital Ground Detector Module

Chapter 4 Diagnostics and
Troubleshooting

Customer I/O
The remaining customer interfaces are connected to the terminal board TB1 on the
BGTB board.

Contact Inputs
Control of the DGD is through two dry contact inputs. The module provides a 50 V
dc wetting voltage for these contact inputs. When closed, contact current is between
2 to 3 mA. Functions of these inputs are as follows.
• CIN1 is the ENABLE input. When closed, the module enables the ±50 V dc
oscillator output to the EXAM E1/E2 terminals and begins measuring ground
resistance. ENABLE may be hardwired closed. This causes the module to
operate automatically several seconds following powerup.
• CIN2, when closed momentarily, initiates a RESET or TEST function,
depending on the status of the DGD. If it is tripped the module resets the TRIP
and ALARM outputs and continues normal operation (if ENABLE is closed). If
the module is not tripped, and ENABLE is closed, the DGD performs a
diagnostic self-test. If no problems are detected it resumes normal operation.
The wetting voltage is not electrically isolated, however the inputs are optically
coupled to minimize coupling of noise into the signal electronics. A green LED is
provided at the top of the BGTB board as indication for each contact input closed.

Digital Ground Detector Module Chapter 4 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting • 4-1

 Form C Dry Contact Outputs
Three sets of form C contact relay outputs are provided as customer outputs. They
are rated for make and continuous current of 5 A, and break current of 5 A resistive
or 2 A inductive up to 28 V dc and 120 V ac. Up to 125 V dc, they are rated 0.5 A
resistive or 0.2 A inductive.
Relays K1and K2 pickup on ground fault. There is configurable activation delay
adjustable from 5 to 30 seconds (default 15 seconds).
Integral relay LEDs indicate coil power. Contact status is fed back to the control for
additional diagnostic purposes. Functions of these relay outputs are as follows.
• Relay K1 (ALARM) picks up when the measured ground resistance is below a
configurable level (default 5 kΩ). The ALARM relay is not latched-in. The
ground resistance continues to be measured, and if it returns back above the
configured level, the ALARM relay drops out.
• Relay K2 (TRIP) picks up when the measured ground resistance is below a
configurable level (default 2 Ω). When a trip condition is detected, the TRIP
relay latches closed and further ground detection is disabled until the unit is
reset.
• Relay K3 (ACTIVE) picks up when DGD is enabled and healthy, and drops out
when any failures are detected. If K3 drops out, ground resistance is not being
detected. The unit is not enabled, it has failed a diagnostic test, or a ground TRIP
condition is being reported.

Analog Current Output

The DGD provides a 4-20 mA non-isolated analog output. The output current is
linear within 5% versus the measured resistance, over the specified range for the
ground detector. Transfer function of this analog output is as follows:
4 mA when the resistance measured is ≥40 kΩ
20 mA when the resistance measured is ≤1000 Ω
If the measured value of the ground fault resistance falls anywhere between 1 kΩ and
40 kΩ the output milliamps is inversely proportional to the resistance value
according to the following equation:
Output mA = 20.3 - 0.410 *(measured ground fault resistance in kΩ)
or
Resistance = 2.44 *(20.3 – output mA)
The analog output is able to drive up to a 1000 Ω load. The DGD is shipped with a
1000 Ω burden resistor installed on the BGTB, TB1 points 17 and 18. This resistor
should be removed when the customer 4-20 mA loop is installed. As a diagnostic,
the module detects when the 4-20mA is not at the correct current (such as when the
loop is open-circuit), and causes the ATTN LED to flash as an indication of the
problem.

4-2• Chapter 4 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Digital Ground Detector Module

LEDs
The BGTB terminal board has seven LEDs as follows:
• P24 (green) indicates the 24 V control power on condition for the ground
detector module.
• STATUS (green) indicates the status of ground detector module as follows:
− Off, when waiting for the ENABLE input
− Steady on, when waiting for a reset (TEST failed, ground trip, or oscillator
voltage low)
− Fast flash, while TEST is in progress
− Slow flash, when NORMAL mode is active (resistance is being measured
and is greater than the trip setting, but may be below the alarm setting)
• ALARM (yellow) is on when the measured ground resistance is below the
alarm set point, and off otherwise. It is not latched on. It is steady on if the
ground is detected on the dc side of the converter, and flashes at a visible rate
(~5Hz) if the ground is on the ac side. When the ALARM LED is on solid or
flashing, the ALARM relay is also picked up.
• TRIP (red) is on when the measured ground resistance is below the trip set
point. Once on, this LED is latched on, and cleared only by the RESET button
or contact input CIN2. Like the ALARM LED, the TRIP LED is steady for dc
and flashing for ac grounds. When the TRIP LED is on, the TRIP relay is also
picked up.
• P24T (green) indicates 24 V power is applied to circuitry used to develop the
±50 V oscillator output of the DGD. It does not indicate that this output is
actually active.
• CIN1 (green) indicates the status of contact input 1 (ACTIVE). This LED is ON
when CIN1 is closed.
• CIN2 (green) indicates the status of contact input 2 (TEST/RESET). This LED
is ON when CIN2 is closed.
The PGDM I/O pack assembly has six indicating LEDs on the front as follows:
• PWR (green) indicates the presence of control power.
• ATTN (red) indicates the presence of a diagnostic alarm, ground alarm, or
ground trip.
• ENET1 and ENET2 (green) are on if an Ethernet connection is detected on the
respective port.
• Tx/Rx (yellow) flashes when data is being transmitted or received.

Digital Ground Detector Module Chapter 4 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting • 4-3

Test Function
This pushbutton provides the
same function as Contact
Input CIN2, except it does not
have LED indication.
Alarm Display
4-4• Chapter 4 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting
The BGTB has a test pushbutton on the right top corner of the board.
This pushbutton enables the test function when the ground detector module is in
normal mode and no fault is detected. During the test function, the STATUS LED
flashes at a faster rate than it does during normal operation.
The test checks for the positive and negative oscillator voltage levels. If the voltage
levels are below ±40 V, a diagnostic alarm is generated and the ATTN LED flashes.
The Status LED remains steady on, until the TEST/RESET pushbutton is pushed
again or power is cycled.
If shaft voltage suppressor (SVS) circuit is present and the SVS PRESENT
configuration parameter is enabled, then during test function the differential voltage
feedback levels are checked against the predetermined limits. If the test fails,
STATUS remains on and ATTN flashes until the PGDM is reset.
When a ground TRIP is detected, the module remains tripped until the TEST/RESET
pushbutton is pushed. Pushing this button (or momentarily closing the CIN2 contact
input) resets the alarm conditions and a new detection cycle starts.
The ground detector module displays all the alarms that are in the queue through the
Ethernet connection described in the previous chapter. To start this display enter the
following command:
Type $ pgdm and press Enter. The following displays:
For Configuring Parameters Enter 'c' For Alarm Display Enter a'
For Status Display Enter 's' For Exiting Enter 'e'
For example, Alarm display is activated when a is typed and all the Alarms in the
queue display as follows:
Active alarms in the queue:
---------------------------
Alarm:39 01/01/1970 01:00:26 ON FGD Ground Trip
Note The ground detector does not use real time settings, therefore the time stamp
does not apply.
Digital Ground Detector Module

No. Alarm
1 Oscillator positive
voltage low
2 Oscillator negative
voltage low
3 Ac ground alarm
4 Dc ground alarm
5 Ground alarm
6 Ac ground trip
7 Dc ground trip
8 Ground trip
9 Test fail
10 DAC Fault
11 Alarm relay fail
12 Trip relay fail
13 Status relay fail
Digital Ground Detector Module
List Of Alarms
The following alarms are application specific to the ground detector module.
Set Condition Root Cause
Positive Oscillator voltage is detected less
1. Supply voltage is not proper
than 40 V
2. P50 voltage generation circuit on BGTB is
faulty
3. EXAM is not connected to BGTB
Negative oscillator voltage is detected Same as Alarm #1
greater than –40 V
Fundamental ac frequency component Ac ground fault at ac side of bridge
detected due to ground fault at ac side being
less than a predetermined level: and
measured ground resistance being less than
Ralarm parameter value. This condition will
be functional only when ac side of bridge is
active
Measured ground resistance on field Field winding is grounded at some point
winding is less than Ralarm parameter value
Measured ground resistance on field Field winding is grounded at some point
winding is less than Ralarm parameter value
Fundamental ac frequency component Ac Ground fault at ac side of bridge
detected due to ground fault at ac side being
less than a predetermined level: and
Measured ground resistance is less than
Rtrip parameter value. This condition will be
functional only when ac side of bridge is
active
Measured ground resistance on field Field winding is grounded at some point
winding is less than Rtrip parameter value
Measured ground resistance on field Field winding is grounded at some point
winding is less than Rtrip parameter value
Failure during diagnostic self-test function.
Voltage levels at BGTB TP1 (50 V) or TP2 (-
50 V) points are not correct
Ground connections not properly connected.
Feedback cable from EXAM to BGTB not
connected properly
SVS not properly connected, but enabled in
configuration
Load resistance at 4-20 mA output on TB1 not
present.
Power Supply (P15 and N15) on BGTB is not
proper for 4-20 mA circuit.
4-20 mA circuit faulty
Alarm relay has failed to operate Relay K1 faulty
Loose connection of PGDM I/O pack or relay
Trip relay has failed to operate Relay K2 faulty
Loose connection of PGDM I/O pack or relay
Status relay has failed to operate Relay Faulty
Loose connection of PGDM I/O pack or relay
Chapter 4 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting • 4-5
Status Display
The ground detector module displays the current status and the equivalent value of
resistance connected at the E1 and E2 terminals to ground through the previously
described Ethernet connection.
To see the status run the following command at prompt: $ pgdm
For Configuring Parameters Enter 'c' For Alarm Display Enter 'a'
For Status Display Enter 's' For Exiting Enter 'e'
Status display is activated when s is typed. The following displays:
PGDM Status Screen
Equivalent Resistance to Ground: 1535602 Ohm
PGDM Unit Active
Or
PGDM Unit InActive
A large resistance readout displays when there is no ground path, this is indicated by,
typically greater than 1,000,000. This reading should not be considered an accurate
value. After powerup the displayed resistance is 0 until the unit is enabled.

4-6• Chapter 4 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Digital Ground Detector Module

Troubleshooting
If the ground detector module does not function properly, refer to the following
troubleshooting indications.
Problem Procedure
Power Supply Check the power supply output voltage is 24 V. This is factory set to 24 V and the adjustment pot
generally should not need to be changed. The tolerance for this voltage output is ±5%.
The power supply LED indication on the BGTB and PGDM I/O pack is for power supply presence
indication only, the output supply voltage may not be in the tolerance limit even if the LEDs are
ON.
ATTN LED is There is an Alarm condition present. Check the Alarm display to view the list of alarms. Normally
Flashing the ATTN LED should be OFF, except briefly during powerup.
Test function The Test Function checks for the positive and negative oscillator voltage levels. If voltage levels
failed are below ±40V, the STATUS LED remains steady ON. Check the following:
The voltage levels with respect to ground at BGTB TP1 (+50 V) and TP2 (-50 V) test pads are
correct.
All ground connections are present and properly connected.
The feedback cable from the EXAM to the BGTB is connected properly
Check the Alarm display
Check whether the SVS is connected, if it is enabled in configuration
Poor accuracy The jumper settings on the EXAM board are not set per PPT voltage and the Rsense
of measured configuration parameter does not match the jumper settings.
resistance
Rbleed parameter value is not same as the physical resistance (SVS resistance from E1 and E2
terminals to ground).
Rbleed parameter value is not sufficiently high and SVS is not present.
Voltage levels at BGTB test points TP1 and TP2 are not correct.
The input impedance between pin 4 and pin 9 of J2 connector of BGTB board is low
(less than 1 MΩ). This should be measured by disconnecting the cable to EXAM
board. This could be a cable or a board failure.
Status LED is PGDM is not enabled. (Input CIN1 is not closed).
Off
No Ethernet If Ethernet communication cannot be established, check the following:
communication
For direct connection between the pc and the module, the cable should be a crossover type. If
connecting through a hub or a switch, the cable should be standard cable.
Check that the IP Address and Subnet Mask settings of the pc are proper.
Check that the IP Address of the module is set properly in the telnet or ping command line.

Digital Ground Detector Module Chapter 4 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting • 4-7

Notes

4-8• Chapter 4 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting GEH-6715 Digital Ground Detector Module
Appendix A Replacement Parts

Introduction
Appendix A of this manual provides information to help the user identify and obtain
replacement parts.

Digital Ground Detector Module Appendix A • A- 1

Identifying the Part
A DGD component, or part, is identified by its assigned part number and
description. The part number is normally found on a nameplate on the component.
The description is included in the system renewal parts list.

Renewal Parts List

This Renewal Parts List identifies the major parts of a complete system.
Part Number Description Quantity
151X1207GD01SA02 Complete Ground Detector Module 1
151X1207CN07PG01 Glastic, EXAM Mounting Bracket 1
151X1207GD05PP03 LEXAN Shield Cover 1
151X1207GD06WK01 Wire Kit, Standalone Ground Detector 1
173C9123BB 003 24 POS, Plug, 1-24 Terminal Board 1
342A4923P06W28 Power Supply 60 W 85/264 V ac > 28 V dc 1
BMC#CHM2 Fuse Holder 2 Pole, FNQ, KTK, KLM 1
BMC#KLM-5 Fuse 2
IS200BGTBH1A Ground Detector Control Card 1
IS200EXAMG1A Exciter Attenuation Module 1
IS220PGDMH1A I/O pack, Ground Detector 1

How to Order a Board

When ordering a replacement board for a GE ground detector, you need to know:
• How to accurately identify the part
• If the part is under warranty
• How to place the order
This information helps ensure that GE can process the order accurately and as soon
as possible.

A-2 • Appendix A Digital Ground Detector Module

 Board Identification
A printed wiring board is identified by an alphanumeric part (catalog) number
located near its edge. Figure 4 explains the structure of the part number.
The board’s functional acronym, shown in Figure 4, is normally based on the board
description, or name. For example, the EXAM module is described as the Exciter
Attenuator Module.

IS 200 BGTB G# A A A
Artwork revision1

Functional revision 1
Functional revision 2
Group (variation, G or H)
Functional acronym

Assembly level3

Manufacturer (DS & IS for GE in Salem, VA)

1
Backward compatible
2
Not backward compatible
3
200 indicates a base-level board; 215 indicates a
higher-level assembly or added components (such
as PROM)
Board Part Number Conventions

Warranty Terms
The GE Terms and Conditions brochure details product warranty information,
including warranty period and parts and service coverage. The brochure is
included with customer documentation. It may be obtained separately from the
nearest GE Sales Office or authorized GE Sales Representative.

Digital Ground Detector Module Appendix A • A- 3

 Placing the Order
Parts still under warranty may be obtained directly from the factory:
“+” indicates the GE Energy
international access code Post Sales Service
required when calling from 1501 Roanoke Blvd.
outside of the USA. Salem, VA 24153-6492 USA
Phone: 1 888 GE4 SERV (888 434 7378, United States)
+ 1 540 378 3280 (International)
Fax: + 1 540 387 8606 (All)
All digits are important when Renewals (spares or those not under warranty) should be ordered by contacting
ordering or replacing any the nearest GE Sales or Service Office.
board. The factory may
substitute later versions of Be sure to include the following when ordering any warranty or renewal parts:
replacement boards based on • Complete part number and description
availability and design • Exciter Material List (ML) number (if applicable)
enhancements. However, GE
Energy ensures backward
compatibility of replacement
boards.

A-4 • Appendix A Digital Ground Detector Module

g GE Energy General Electric Company
1501 Roanoke Blvd.
GEH-6715A
Revised: 2012-07-01
Salem, VA 24153-6492 USA Issued: 2004-08-10

+1 540 387 7000

www.geenergy.com