Principle of

Engineering
Drawing

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
• Engineering drawings need to be language-independent so
that a designer in one country can specify a product which is
then made in another country and probably assembled in yet
another.
• It is transmitting information from the head of the designer to
the head of the manufacturer and indeed, the head of the
assembler.
• The language of engineering must be similarly defined by
rules that are embodied in the publications of standards
organisations.
• The standards define how the shape and form of a
component can be represented on an engineering drawing
and how the part can be dimensioned and toleranced for
manufacture.
• Thus, it is of no surprise that someone once described
engineering drawing as a language.
Name of Standard Country
British UK
Standards Institution (BSI)
American National USA
Standards Institute (ANSI)
Deutsches Germany
Institut ftir Normung (DIN)
Japanese Industrial Standars (JIS) Japan
• Engineering drawing is based on the fact that
three-dimensional objects are presented in a
two-dimensional form on two-dimensional
paper.
• Engineering drawing is a form of engineering representation
along with all the others but it is the only one that provides a
full specification which allows contracts to be issued and has
the support of the law in the 'servant-master' sense.

Pic. Engineering
drawing
representation
should be
specification
Pic. Representation, visualization and specification
• Engineering drawings need to met the following
requirements:
• Engineering drawings should be unambiguous
and clear.
• The drawing must be complete.
• The drawing must be suitable for duplication.
• Drawings must be language-independent.
• Drawings need to conform to standards. The
'highest' standards are the ISO ones that are
applicable worldwide.
• A blank drawing sheet should contain the
following things
– 1. Title block.
– 2. Frame for limiting the drawing space.
– 3. Centring marks.
– 4. Orientation marks.
– 5. Metric reference graduation.
– 6. Grid reference system.
– 7. Trimming marks.
• A design layout drawing (or design scheme) which represents
in broad principles feasible solutions which meet the design
requirements.
• A detail drawing (or single part drawing) shows details of a
single artefact and includes all the necessary information
required for its manufacture, e.g. the form, dimensions,
tolerances, material, finishes and treatments.
• A tabular drawing shows an artefact or assembly typical of a
series of similar things having a common family form but
variable characteristics all of which can be presented in
tabular form, e.g. a family of bolts.
• An assembly drawing shows how the individual parts or
subassemblies of an artefact are combined together to make
the assembly. An item list should be included or referred to.
An assembly drawing should not provide any manufacturing
details but merely give details of how the individual parts are
to be assembled together.
• A combined drawing is a combination of detail drawings,
assembly drawings and an item list. It represents the
constituent details of the artefact parts, how they are
manufactured, etc., as well as an assembly drawing and an
accompanying item list.
• An arrangement drawing can be with respect to a finished
product or equipment. It shows the arrangement of
assemblies and parts. It will include important functional as
well as performance requirements features. An installation
drawing is a particular variation of an arrangement drawing
which provides the necessary details to affect installation of
• A diagram is a drawing depicting the function of a system,
typically electrical, electronic, hydraulic or pneumatic that
uses symbology.
• An item list, sometimes called a parts list, is a list of the
component parts required for an assembly. An item list will
either be included on an assembly drawing or a separate
drawing which the assembly drawing refers to.
• A drawing list is used when a variety of parts make up an
assembly and each separate part or artefact is detailed on a
separate drawing. All the drawings and item lists will be cross
reference on a drawing list.
 Pic. An assembly
drawing of a small
hand vice

Pic. A detailed drawing

of the movable jaw of
a small hand vice
Thank you!
Q&A