Design of Mechanisms

MEEN :3391

Dr. Muhammad Asad

Room- S029
Ph: 849-9378, Email: masad@pmu.edu.sa
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Prince Mohammed Bin Fahd University
 Topics to be Covered
 Introduction to design and the design concept

 Review of concepts of mechanics, dimensions and unit systems

 Introduction to kinematics and mechanisms

 Determination of position, velocity, and acceleration in

mechanisms (Graphical & Analytical approaches)

 Force analysis of mechanisms

 Linkage analysis and design

 Cam design

 Gears and gear trains

Books
 Course Assessment
• 2 Midterm Exams: 40%
• Quizzes(4 to 5): 10%
• Class participation/Assignments/Hw: 10%
• Project: 10%
• Final Exam: 30%

Total 100%

For further details on Course Please go through “Course Syllabus

and General Information” file
 Design
• To formulate a plan for the satisfaction of a specified need
• Process requires innovation, iteration, and decision-
making
• Products should be
– Functional
– Safe
– Reliable
– Competitive
– Usable
– Manufactureable
– Marketable
Dr. Sathyan Krishnan
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering MANUFACTURING METHODS IN DESIGN
College of Engineering, PMU
 Mechanical Engineering Design
• Mechanical engineering design involves all the
disciplines of mechanical engineering.
• Example
– Bearing: fluid flow, heat transfer, friction, energy
transport, material selection, thermo-mechanical
treatments, statistical descriptions, etc.

Dr. Sathyan Krishnan

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering MANUFACTURING METHODS IN DESIGN
College of Engineering, PMU
Mechanical Engineering Design Process
In designing a mechanical component, there
is no rigid rule. The problem may be
attempted in several ways. However, the
general procedure to solve a design problem
is as follows
1. Recognition of need. First of all, make a
complete statement of the problem,
indicating the need, aim or purpose for
which the product is to be designed.

2. Synthesis . Select the possible

components or group of components
(mechanisms) which will give the desired
motion.
Dr. Sathyan Krishnan
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering MANUFACTURING METHODS IN DESIGN
College of Engineering, PMU
Mechanical Engineering Design Process
3. Analysis of forces. Find the forces acting
on each member of the product and the
energy transmitted by each member.

4. Material selection. Select the material

best suited for each member of the machine.

5. Design of elements (Size and Stresses).

Find the size of each member of the product
by considering the force acting on the
member and the permissible stresses for the
material used. It should be kept in mind that
each member should not deflect or deform
than the permissible limit.
Dr. Sathyan Krishnan
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering MANUFACTURING METHODS IN DESIGN
College of Engineering, PMU
Mechanical Engineering Design Process
6. Modification. Modify the size of the
member to agree with the past experience and
judgment to facilitate manufacture. The
modification may also be necessary by
consideration of manufacturing to reduce
overall cost.

7. Detailed drawing. Draw the detailed

drawing of each component and the assembly
of the product with complete specification for
the manufacturing processes suggested.

8. Production. The component (Product), as

per the drawing, is manufactured in the
workshop/factory.
Dr. Sathyan Krishnan
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering MANUFACTURING METHODS IN DESIGN
College of Engineering, PMU
 Design Considerations
• Some characteristics that influence the design

Dr. Sathyan Krishnan

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering MANUFACTURING METHODS IN DESIGN
College of Engineering, PMU
 Standards and Codes
• Standard
– A set of specifications for parts, materials, or processes
– Intended to achieve uniformity, efficiency, and a specified quality
– Limits the multitude of variations
– For example: Conformité Européenne CE marking is a certification
mark that indicates conformity with health, safety, and
environmental protection standards for products sold within
the European Economic Area (EEA).

– Various organizations establish and publish standards for common

and/or critical industries
Dr. Sathyan Krishnan
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering MANUFACTURING METHODS IN DESIGN
College of Engineering, PMU
 Standards and Codes
• Code
– A set of specifications /rules for the analysis, design, manufacture,
and construction of something
– To achieve a specified degree of safety, efficiency, and
performance or quality
– For example: International Building Codes (IBC) obligates the
incorporation of Fire Protection and Prevention system into
building construction.

• Various organizations establish and publish standards and codes for

common and/or critical industries

Dr. Sathyan Krishnan

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering MANUFACTURING METHODS IN DESIGN
College of Engineering, PMU
 Standards and Codes

https://www.amerpi
pe.com/steel-pipe-
products/carbon-
pipe/a106/a106-
specifications/

Dr. Sathyan Krishnan

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering MANUFACTURING METHODS IN DESIGN
College of Engineering, PMU
 Economics
• Cost is almost always an important factor in
engineering design.
• Use of standard sizes is a first principle of cost
reduction.
• Certain common components may be less
expensive in stocked sizes.
• Efficient use of Materials and Processes.

Dr. Sathyan Krishnan

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering MANUFACTURING METHODS IN DESIGN
College of Engineering, PMU
 Dimensions & Unit Systems
Fundamental Units
The measurement of physical quantities is one of the most important
operations in engineering. Every quantity is measured in terms of some
arbitrary, but internationally accepted units, called fundamental units.
Derived Units
Some units are expressed in terms of other units, which are derived from
fundamental units, are known as derived units
System of Units
There are four systems of units, which are commonly used and
universally recognized.
These are known as :
1. C.G.S. units, 2. F.P.S. units, 3. M.K.S. units, and 4. S.I. units.

*In the present course S.I. system of units, shall be normally followed

Dr. Sathyan Krishnan

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering MANUFACTURING METHODS IN DESIGN
College of Engineering, PMU
 Dimensions & Unit Systems
Fundamental Units

Dr. Sathyan Krishnan

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering MANUFACTURING METHODS IN DESIGN
College of Engineering, PMU
 Dimensions & Unit Systems
Derived Units

Dr. Sathyan Krishnan

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering MANUFACTURING METHODS IN DESIGN
College of Engineering, PMU
 Please have it ASAP

Drafting Equipment Calculator

Dr. Sathyan Krishnan
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering MANUFACTURING METHODS IN DESIGN
College of Engineering, PMU