13 ENERGY TRANSFER

When something happens, it is likely due to energy being transferred from one to another.

ENERGY FORMS

Chemical:

 Food and fuels are concentrated stores of chemical energy.

 The energy of food is released in our bodies, and during transfer we can move.
 Fuel cause energy transfer when they are burnt in an engine.
 Batteries are a compact source of chemical energy which is transferred in chemical energy.

Heat energy:

 Also called thermal or internal energy.

 Finale fate of other sources of energy
 Transferred by conduction, convention, or radiation.

Electrical energy:

 Produced by energy transfers.

 Commonest form of energy cause of ease of transmission and transfer to another form.

Kinetic energy:

 Every moving body has k.e.

 The faster the body goes the more k.e it has.
Potential energy:

 Energy a body has due to his position or condition.

CHEKPO

ENERGY MEASUREMENTS

Work:

 In physics work is done when a force moves.

 The amount of work depends on the size of the force.
 applied and the distance it moves.

Work= force x distance moved in direction of force

 Unit of work is J.
 J= newton x meters.

Power:

 The power of a device is the work it does per

second.
 It is the rate it transfers the energy from one
form to another.

 Unit of power is W, 1J/s.

Power= work done/time = Energy

 Energy conservation

Principle of conservation of energy:

 ENERGY CANNOT BE CREATED OR DESTROYED; IT IS ALWAYS CONSERVED.

 Energy is continually being transferred.
 All energy transfers result in the surroundings being heated.

Efficiency of energy transfers:

 The efficiency is the percentage of the energy supplied that is usefully transferred.

Efficiency = ( Useful energy output/total energy

14 Kinetic and potential energy

Kinetic energy

 Kinetic energy is the energy a body has because of its motion.

Kinetic energy = Ek = ½ mv^2

Potential energy

 Potential is the energy a body has because of his position or condition.

Potential energy = Ep = mgh