PASSIVE VOICE

SMK XI

ZAHROTUL HAYATI
 Sub Topics

01 Do you know what is passive voice?

02 Active VS Passive

03 The reasons why we use passive voice

04 Tense forms of the passive

05 Negative sentence of the passive

06 Interrogative sentence of the passive

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 01 Do you know what is passive voice?

DEFINITION

In passive sentences, the thing receiving the action is the subject of the
sentence and the thing doing the action is optionally included near the
end of the sentence.

Passive voice adalah suatu bentuk kalimat

dimana subjek kalimat menerima aksi, bukan
melakukan aksi. Tidak seperti active voice yang
fokus terhadap pihak yang melakukan aksi (doer
of action), bentuk ini lebih berfokus kepada
pihak atau objek yang menerima hasil dari suatu
aksi tersebut (receiver of action).

FORM:
Subject + the appropriate form of to be + Past Participle

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 Example

a letter was written

letter : adalah subjek kalimat yang menerima aksi.
was : to be
written : past participle

The focus, here, is on the fact that a letter was written. We don’t
know, however, who wrote it.

A vase was broken another

This house was built in 1998 examples
My car has been stolen!
The movie ET was directed by Spielberg
Our planet is wrapped in a mass of gases
Some flowers are planted by my parents
Bananas are adored by monkeys
All the cookies have been eaten
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 02 active VS passive

active passive

i ate the cake the cake was eaten by me

s v o s to be v agent
O => S
V => be + V3

S => by + agent

perubahan dari kalimat aktif menjadi kalimat pasif :

1. object pada kalimat aktif menjadi subject pada kalimat pasif.

2. verb yang digunakan pada kalimat aktif, harus dirubah
menjadi verb 3 (past participle) yang didahului oleh to be.
3. subject pada kalimat aktif menjadi agent pada kalimat pasif.

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more examples of active VS passive voice

active

passive

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 03 The reasons why we use passive voice
there are some reasons why we use passive voice in our daily activity :

1. the subject is unknown (pelaku tidak diketahui).

2. the subject is not important (pelaku tidak dianggap penting).
3. the subject is deliberately not mentioned (pelaku sengaja tidak
disebutkan).
4. the focus is about the receiver of action not the subject (fokus
pada penerima atau hasil perbuatan, bukan pelaku).

1. the subject is unknown

(pelaku tidak diketahui).

the software company was established in 1999.

perusahaan software didirikan pada 1999.

pada kalimat ini tidak disebutkan siapa yang mendirikan

(subject) karena tidak diketahui siapa pendirinya.
.
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2. the subject is not important
(pelaku tidak dianggap penting).

the thieves were arrested last night.

para pencuri telah ditangkap semalam.

pada kalimat iini tidak disebutkan siapa yang

menangkap para pencuri (subject) karena dianggap
sudah umum yang menangkap adalah polisi/subject
tidak penting untuk disebutkan.

3. the subject is deliberately not mentioned

(pelaku sengaja tidak disebutkan).
the refrigerator door was left open all night.
pintu lemari es dibiarkan terbuka sepanjang malam.

pada kalimat ini tidak disebutkan siapa yang

membiarkan pintu lemari es terbuka sepanjang malam
(subject). mungkin telah diketahui pelakunya namun
tidak ingin terkesan menyalahkan, jadi pelaku sengaja
tidak disebutkan.

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4. the focus is about the receiver of action not the subject
(fokus pada penerima atau hasil perbuatan, bukan pelaku).

your friend: I really like your sweater

temanmu: aku sangat suka sweatermu

you: this sweater was made by my mother.

kamu: sweater ini dibuat oleh ibu saya

pada kalimat ini kata sweater lebih ditekankan daripada

kata my mother (subject). meskipun kita mengetahui
siapa pelakunya, kita tetap menggunakan kalimat pasif
karenA lebih difokuskan pada sweater (hasil buatan).
.

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 04 TENSE FORMS OF THE PASSIVE

Simple Present

Active == Once a week, Tom cleans the house.

passive == Once a week, the house is cleaned by Tom.

Present Continuous
active == Right now, Sarah is writing the letter.
passive == Right now, the letter is being written by Sarah.

Simple Past

active == Sam repaired the car.

passive == The car was repaired by Sam.

Past continuous

active == The salesman was helping the customer when the thief came
into the store.
passive == The customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief
came into the store.
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 present perfect

active == Many tourists have visited that castle.

passive == That castle has been visited by many tourists.

present Perfect Continuous

active == Recently, John has been doing the work.
passive == Recently, the work has been being done by John.

Past Perfect
active == George had repaired many cars before he received his
mechanic's license.
passive == Many cars had been repaired by George before he received
his mechanic's license.

Past Perfect Continuous

active == Chef Jones had been preparing the restaurant's fantastic
dinners for two years before he moved to Paris.
passive == The restaurant's fantastic dinners had been being prepared
by Chef Jones for two years before he moved to Paris.

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 Simple Future (will)

active == Someone will finish the work by 5:00 PM.

passive == The work will be finished by 5:00 PM.

Simple Future (be going to)

active == Sally is going to make a beautiful dinner tonight.

passive == A beautiful dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight.

Future Continuous (will)

active == At 8:00 PM tonight, John will be washing the dishes.

passive == At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be being washed by John.

Future Continuous (be going to)

active == At 8:00 PM tonight, John is going to be washing the dishes.

passive == At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes are going to be being washed
by John.

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 Future Perfect (will)
active== They will have completed the project before the deadline.
passive == The project will have been completed before the deadline.

Future Perfect (be going to)

active == They are going to have completed the project before the
deadline.
passive == The project is going to have been completed before the
deadline.

Future Perfect Continuous (will)

active == The famous artist will have been painting the mural for over
six months by the time it is finished.
passive == The mural will have been being painted by the famous artist
for over six months by the time it is finished.

Future Perfect Continuous (be going to)

active == The famous artist is going to have been painting the mural
for over six months by the time it is finished.
passive == The mural is going to have been being painted by the
famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished.
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 Used to

active == Jerry used to pay the bills.

passive == The bills used to be paid by Jerry.

Would Always

active == My mother would always make the pies.

passive == The pies would always be made by my mother.

Future in the Past (Would)

active == I knew John would finish the work by 5:00 PM.
passive == I knew the work would be finished by 5:00 PM.

Future in the Past (Was Going to)

active == I thought Sally was going to make a beautiful dinner

tonight.
passive == I thought a beautiful dinner was going to be made by Sally
tonight.

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