SULIT 1 4551/1

YEAR END ONLINE ASSESSMENT 2021 4551/1

BIOLOGY
Paper 1
Secondary 4
November
1 hour One hour

Name: Ayron Nathaniel Lee Juan Class: S4 Science 1

ANSWER SHEET FOR SECTION B AND SECTION C

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Section B
[15 marks]
Answer all questions in the spaces provided

1
(a) (i) Name vessel P.
Hepatic portal vein.
[1/1 mark]
(ii) Explain what happens to lipid at the vilus.
Fatty acids and glycerol recombine to form tiny droplets of lipids in the
epithelial cells through condensation. These lipids are then absorbed from
epithelial cells into lacteal through simple diffusion.
[2/2 marks]
(b) Explain what happens to the excessive amino acids in the liver?
Since excessive amino acids in the liver cannot be stored, the liver breaks the
excessive amino acids down into urea to be excreted by the body through the
process of deamination.
[2/2 marks]

2
(a) Name R and S.
R: Lymphatic capillary
S: Lymph nodes
[2/2 marks]
(b) State the difference between the interstitial fluid and the lymph.
Interstitial fluid bathes the cells but not the lymph.
[0/1 mark]
(c) Explain how the lymph is going to be deposited back into the blood stream.

The lymph vessels are valves ensure the one-way flow of lymph to the blood. The
thoracic duct will transport lymph to the left subclavian vein whereas the right
lymphatic duct will bring lymph into the right subclavian vein. Hence, these
subclavian veins will transport lymph back into the bloodstream.
[2/2 marks]

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(a) Name the processes that occur in parts J, K and M at the nephron.
J: Ultrafiltration

K: Reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule

M: Secretion (and Reabsorption)

[1/2 marks]
(b) Explain the effects of drinking a large amount of water on the quality and quantity
of the urine of a healthy person.
When the person consumes a high amount of water, the blood osmotic pressure is
reduced. The osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus will be less stimulated. In turn,
the pituitary glands will be less stimulated which results in the low concentration of
Antidiuretic Hormones. Due to the low concentration of Antidiuretic Hormones,
the walls of the distal convoluted tubule and the collecting duct will become less
permeable to water. Then, the amount of water absorbed from the renal fluid into
the blood capillary is lesser. Then, low concentration of urine is produced in high
quantities.
[3/3 marks]

Section C

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[10 marks]
Answer this question in the spaces provided

1 With the aid of a reflex arc diagram, explain the transmission of impulse for the knee -jerk
action.

When quadriceps muscle stretches, the tendon below the kneecap is knocked by the stimulus. This
stimulates the stretch receptors to trigger the nerve impulses. The sensory neurone sends the
impulse to the motor neurone in the spinal cord. The nerve impulses then is sent from the motor
neurone from the spinal cord to the quadriceps muscle. The quadriceps muscle which receives the
impulse stretches and causes the leg to jerk.
[7/10 marks]
END OF QUESTION PAPER

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