Nawin-e-Logar Educational Academy: Prepared By: M Usman "Arman" T M P Grammar

Nawin-e- Logar Educational Academy ‫اکادمی علمی نوین لوګر‬
No Word Meaning Usage

1 Goods ‫ شیان‬There are different goods in our office.
2 Guess ‫ فکرکول‬Did you guess about his last speech?
3 Guilty ‫ ګناهګار‬Please don’t befriend with guilty person.
4 Guiltless ‫ بي ګناه‬Rawan is a guiltless boy.
5 Gang ‫ ټولی‬،‫ ډله‬The police seized a gang of insurgents
who have kidnaped children.
6 Gangs tars ‫ بد معاشان‬They are like gangs tars, be apart from
them.
7 Garland ‫ امیل‬،‫ د ګلو هار‬Celebrating festivals with garlands are
useless culture.
8 Garden ‫ باغ‬Farmers work in the garden.
9 Grass ‫ واښه‬The farmer will mow the grass in the
garden.
10 Gold ‫ طال‬،‫ سره زر‬Her earrings are made from gold.
11 Heavy Y‫ وزندار‬،‫ دروند‬Shihzad is a heavy player.
12 Hear ‫ اوریدل‬When they were grumbling, I heard their
interaction.
13 Honey ‫ ګبین‬،‫ شات‬Honey is much effective for mind.
14 Holy ،‫ پاک‬،‫ سپیڅلی‬Quran is a holy book.
‫مقدس‬
15 Hole ‫ سوری‬I saw a hole which was mad by ancient.
16 Home sick ‫ وطن پسي خفه‬When I was in India, I was completely
home sick.
17 Honest ‫ صادق‬Our prophet Muhammad (pbuh) was a
real honest person.
18 Honesty ‫ صداقت‬We must keep honesty in our hearts.
19 House ‫ خونه‬،‫ کور‬Their house is made from bricks.
20 Hide ‫ پټول‬When the teacher asks, why do you hide
yourself behind the chair?
Prepared by: M Usman “Arman” T M P (2) Grammar Page 35

21 Hat Y‫ ټوپی‬،‫ خولی‬You are suburb you should not fall hat
down
22 History ‫ تاریخ‬Afghan history is full of dark nesses.
23 Improper ‫ نامناسب‬Naughty is improper for you.
24 Innocent ‫ بي ګناه‬Yesterday, one suicide bomber blasted
among the people the victims were
innocent.
25 Invalid ‫ باطل‬،‫ بي اعتباره‬These notes are invalided give me others.
26 Ill ‫ مریض‬I was ill last week.
27 Illness ‫ مریضي‬What is your illness?
28 Ill-bred Y‫ بي تربیي‬I dislike ill-bred students.
29 Imagine ‫ فکر‬،‫ تصور کول‬I couldn’t imagine that she will do that.
‫کول‬
30 Impolite ‫ بي ادبه‬Saeed is naughty, but not impolite.
31 Imitate ‫ بوزی‬،‫ پیښې کول‬Why do you imitate every one?
‫کول‬
32 Imitator Y‫ پیښي کوونکی‬I know, you are the only imitator in the
village.
33 Intend ‫ اراده‬،‫ نیت کول‬They intend to prepare new program for
‫ توجه کول‬،‫ کول‬English learners.
34 Intention ‫ تصمیم‬،‫ قصد‬،‫ اراده‬Do you have any intention for learning
english?
35 Insect ‫ حشرات‬You will see more insects in the jungle.
36 Inn ‫ مهمانخانه‬I have stayed many days in their inn.
37 Income ‫ ګټه‬،‫ عاید‬How much income do you have in a day?
38 Insist ،‫ ټینګار کول‬English scholars insist on words in
‫ اصرار‬learning english.
39 Incredible Y‫ نه منونکی‬What incredible shot!
40 Incredibly ‫ په نامنونکي توګه‬Shihzad took three sixes incredibly.
41 Inner space ‫ ذهني ارام‬I need so much for inner space.

42 Innovate ‫ نوي‬،‫ اختراع کول‬Usman will innovate SMP so soon.

‫کول‬
43 Innovation ‫ ابتکار‬،‫ اختراع‬A young man without innovation is not
young.
44 Innovator ‫ اختراع کوونکي‬I like innovators people.
45 Incriminate ،‫ په جرم تورنول‬A killer was incriminated by the supreme
‫ مخکومول‬court.
46 Jam ‫ مربا‬Which kind jam do you like?
47 Joke ‫ ټوکه‬،‫ ټوکه کول‬Please tell us some jokes!
48 Joker ‫ ټوکمار‬،‫ ټوکي‬We don’t have any joker person in our
village.
49 Jar ‫ کیزه‬،‫ چیغي وهل‬Please bring me a jar of water for
‫ منګی‬،‫ښورول‬، ablution.
50 Just ‫ عادل‬،‫ فقط‬I took just a photograph of her, and she
became super angry.
51 Justice ‫ انصاف‬،‫ عدالت‬In every job just oversee justice and Allah
will improve you.
52 Jerk ،‫ ټکان ورکول‬He was jerked by electricity.
‫ښورول‬
53 Joy ‫ خوند‬،‫ خوشالي‬Life is for joy not for sadness.
54 Joyful ‫ له خوښی‬،‫ خوندور‬We had a joyful tour last year.
‫ډک‬
55 Judge ‫ قاضي‬Do you want to become a judge?
56 Jeer ،‫ پیغور ورکول‬He was jeered by his father.
Y‫ پیغور‬،‫سپکول‬
57 Jail ‫ زندان‬There are more innocent prisoners in the
jails.
58 Jailer ‫ زنداني‬Some prisoners will be released by bail.
59 Jewelry ‫زیوارات‬ Can you save my jewelry?
60 Join ‫ یو‬،‫یو ځای کول‬ We will join all afghans teenagers for
‫ځای کیدل‬ unity.
61 Jointly ‫په ګډه سره‬ We will struggle jointly for peace.

62 Justify ‫ حق‬،‫ تایید کول‬She justified her mistake.

‫ منل‬،‫ثابتول‬
63 Junk ‫ کباړ‬Afghanistan exports just junk to the
world.
64 Joint liability ‫ ګډ مسولیت‬It is our joint liability to serve for
Afghanistan.
65 Jigsaw ‫ برقي اره‬I saw a jigsaw which cut the irons.
66 Judicial court ‫ قضایي محکمه‬We will transfer them to the judicial
court.
67 Jury ‫ مشر‬،‫ ه ٔیت‬The members of this jury will investigate
about the school problems.
68 Joint demand ‫ ګډه غوښتنه‬Our joint demands have rejected many
times.
69 Keen ‫ ځیرک‬،‫ځیر‬، Zahid is a keen student in the class.
70 Keenly ‫ سره‬Y‫ په ځیرکتیا‬Zahid listens to the lesson keenly.
71 Kick ‫ لغت‬،‫ په لغت وهل‬They kicked each other in the club.
72 Kite ‫ کاغذ پران‬Have you ever flied kite?
73 Kid ‫ ماشوم‬I saw a sweet kid in the park.
74 Knock ‫ ټک ټک کول‬Don’t enter without permission, first
knock the door.
75 Kind ‫ مهربان‬Our teacher is a kind person.
76 Kill ‫ وژل‬They killed people in the public eyes.
77 Knowledge ‫ پوهه‬،‫ علم‬Which kind knowledge will be more
important? Islamic or modern.
78 Knowledgeable ‫ عالم‬،‫دانشمند‬ We have a knowledgeable person.
79 Knee ‫ ټوټکی‬،‫ زنګون‬My knee was hurt by a stone.
80 Kneel ‫ زنګون کیدل‬The police kneeled for insurgents.
81 Kindergarten ‫ وړکتون‬Probal was the creator of kindergarten.
82 Keep ‫ ساتل‬Keep your feet on the ground.
83 Keeper Y‫ ساتونکی‬Dhony is a brilliant wicket keeper.
84 Kinless ‫ بي کسه‬Redi gul is a kinless, but clever boy.
85 Kinsman ‫ عزیز‬،‫ خپل‬He is my kinsman.
86 Knavish ‫ بي تربیه‬You should be not a knavish.
87 Kettle ‫ چای جوش‬Please boil water in the kettle.

88 Kennel ‫ د سپي‬،‫ کوټخه‬We don’t have any kennel.

‫کوډله‬
89 Love ‫ مینه کول‬One of the most popular saying in all over
the world is “I love you.”
90 Lovely ‫ زړه‬،‫ مینه ناک‬Do you have some lovely friends?
Y‫راښکونکی‬
91 Leave Y‫ پریښودل‬I will never leave the ground of
competition with her.
92 Live ‫ اوسیدل‬I have lived in khost for 7 years.
93 Life ‫ ژوند‬Most Indians are not happy from life.
94 Luck ‫ قسمت‬،‫ بخت‬They complain for their bad luck.
95 Lucky ‫ بختور‬They want to become lucky.
96 Lead ‫ رهنمایي کول‬We must guide our children for education.
97 Leader ‫ مشر‬،‫ رهبر‬We need for an honest and clever leader.
98 Literate ‫ باسواد‬Our new generation will be literate.
99 Literacy Y‫ باسوادي‬Literacy is the only way of improvement.
100 Loan ‫ قرض ورکول‬I know, he will not loan me money.
101 Leather ‫ څرمن‬Plastic shoes leather style.
102 Lazy ‫ ټمبل‬He is lazy like a couch potato.
103 Learn ‫ زده کول‬If you try more you will learn english so
soon.
104 Local ‫ سیمه ییز‬،‫ محلي‬Do you have any local news?
105 Lose ‫ زیانمن کیدل‬،‫ بایلل‬If you keep your feet on the ground you
will not lose even hardest match.
106 Loose ‫ ناتړلی‬،‫ سست‬This ring is loose in my finger.
107 Liquid ‫ مایع‬They spilled the liquid on the floor.
108 Library ‫ کتابخانه‬Library is a reasonable place for studying.
109 Law ‫ قانون‬We should respect to the fundamental law
of Afghanistan.
110 Lawyer ‫ قانون پوه‬My brother is a lawyer.
111 Land ‫ ځمکه‬Afghanistan has more agricultural lands.
112 Lake ‫ جهیل‬Do you know about the lakes of
Afghanistan?
113 Large ‫ پراخ‬،‫ لوی‬We have a large ground for cricket.

114 Laugh ‫ خندل‬Don’t laugh at peaple but laugh with

peaple.
115 Lawmaker Y‫ قانون جوړونکی‬Parliament must have lawmaker
members.
116 Lean ‫ تکیه وهل‬The older men lean to the pillows.
117 Liar ‫ دروغجن‬There is a little difference between the
pronunciation of lawyer and liar.
118 Lie ‫ دروغ ویل‬Don’t lie in front the people. Allah also
cursed on liars.
119 Like ‫ خوښول‬I like the bating style of Rahmatshah.
120 Long ‫ اوږد‬How long is this class?
121 Meat ‫ غوښه‬Don’t eat meat or you will become fat.
122 Meet ‫ مالقات کول‬I met with her last year.
123 Milk ‫ لواشل‬،‫ شیدي‬In some countries men milk the cow.
124 Moon ‫ سپوږمی‬،‫ میاشت‬You are beautiful as fourteen night’s
moon.
125 Money Y‫ روپي‬،‫ پیسي‬If you have money every one will respect
you, but it is a bad culture.
126 Mouth ‫ خوله‬Close your mouth! And mind your
language.
127 Month ‫ میاشت‬Students like three months of the winter.
128 Movie ‫ سینما‬،‫ فلم‬Which kind movie will be harmful for our
children?
129 Maybe ‫ ممکن‬،‫ شاید‬All foreign movies maybe harmful for our
children.
130 Member ‫ غړی‬How many members have your family?
131 Membership ‫ غړیتوب‬Afghanistan has gotten full membership
of cricket since 2017.
132 Marry ‫ واده کول‬Please don’t marry during the learning.
133 Move ‫ خرکت کول‬Nomadic moves every year from one
place to another.
134 Memory ‫ خافظه‬Do you have any good memory from your
life?
135 Mechanic ‫ مستري‬Mechanic is a person who fixes cars.

136 Make ‫ جوړول‬This mobile is made in china.

137 Midnight ‫ نیمه شپه‬A mad person called to me at midnight.
138 Mountain ‫ غر‬Hindukash is the highest mountain in
Afghanistan.
139 Mild ‫ مالیم‬،‫ نرم‬،‫ پوست‬She just like my mild manner and
attitude.
140 Mad ‫ لیوانی‬Why do your mom call you mad?
141 Male ‫ مذکر‬،‫ نارینه‬Are you male or female?
142 Manage ‫ اداره کول‬Hoodman can manage this corporation
completely.
143 Management ‫ اداره‬The management of that school is so
weak.
144 Manager ‫ مدیر‬The manager of that management is a lazy
person.
145 Macadam Y‫ د سرک قیر‬They just covered this road with
macadam, but they didn’t use others
materials.
146 Medal ‫ جایزه‬،‫ مډال‬They gave me a medal for good teaching.
147 Merit ‫ وړ والی‬،‫ لیاقت‬I got a merit medal with certificate.
148 Minister ‫ وزیر‬Ghani must retire the minister of higher
education.
149 Ministry ‫ وزارت‬The ministry of defense should work day
and night.
150 Misbehave ‫ بد چلند کول‬I will keep myself from misbehaviors
people.
151 Misread ‫ غلت‬،‫ غلط لوستل‬My goal was not to insult you, but you
‫ پوهیدل‬have just misread.
152 Moral ‫ پند‬،‫ احالق‬Students must have good morals.
153 Motion ‫ خرکت‬We were in motion when the police
called, “stop!”
154 Muscle ‫ اندام‬،‫ غړی‬Without muscle human is nothing.
155 Mercy Y‫ مهرباني‬،‫ رحم‬Thanks from your mercy.
156 Merciful ‫ رحیم‬،‫ مهربان‬By the name of Allah who is most
merciful and compassionate.

157 Maturity ‫ پوخوالی‬A man can get completely maturity at the

age of 40.
158 Murmur ،‫ زمیدل‬،‫ بنګیدل‬The teacher became unhappy, because
‫ پس پسی کول‬some students murmured in the class.
159 Mystify ‫ په تعجب کي اچول‬I mystified when she said, “I love you.”
160 Melt ‫ ویلي کیدل‬The sculptures of snow may melt so soon.
161 Muck ‫ توره‬،‫ سره‬،‫ خوشایه‬Some people born mucks in place of
‫ خاوره‬wood.
162 Mucus ،‫ بلغم‬،‫ خراشکی‬If you have mucus you can go the near
‫ چوخړی‬hospital the charge is free.
163 Manuscript ‫ متن‬،‫ نسخه‬One local doctor gave me a manuscript
full of medicines.
164 Mass ‫ زیاته اندازه‬We saw mass of animals in the zoo.
165 Mass grave ‫ ډله ییز قبر‬Afghan army found a mass grave near
Kabul city.
166 Massive blast ‫ غټه چاودنه‬We heard a bang of massive blast.
167 Mumble ‫ زمیدل‬،‫ بنګیدل‬She was mumbling among her friends
when she saw her sweetheart.
169 Morsel ‫ ګوله‬،‫ شخوند‬You must eat one morsel for me.
170 Nature ‫ طبیعت‬Arman loves with nature so much.
171 Natural ‫طبیعي‬ Do you love with natural panoramas?
172 Near ‫نږدي‬ I am near the whiteboard.
173 Need ‫ضرورت لرل‬ We need for a short system of english.
174 Needy ‫اختیاج مند‬ We are all needy for the mercy of Allah.
175 Neighbor ‫ګاونډي‬ Life is better with a good neighbor.
176 Nervous ‫ ورخطا‬،‫عصبانی‬ He was nervous about his test.
177 Nomadic ‫ غلجی‬،‫کوچی‬ Nomadic is an honest trib.
178 Napkin ‫دسترخوان‬ The napkin is full of each kind foods.
179 Nation ‫ملت‬ Do you have national card?
180 Night ‫شپه‬ We played dice last night.
181 Nose ‫پوزه‬ Please wipe your nose!
182 Nightclothes ‫د شپي جامي‬ In our society people don’t use nightclothes.
183 Narrow ‫تنګ‬ Mathoon road is not appropriate for two cars it is
too narrow.
184 Nest ‫ ځاله‬When I was a child, I have damaged more nests
of birds.

185 Naughty ‫ شیطان‬،‫ شوخ‬Because we were so naughty.

186 Notice ‫ خبرداری‬Notice: it is my first time to work in word
program.
187 Novel ‫ داستان‬،‫ ناول‬Inshallah I will translate a love novel from
english to Pashto.
188 Novelist ‫ ناول لیکونکی‬Naseem Hejazi was a great novelist.
189 Nude ‫ لغړ‬،‫ لوڅ‬You can’t see nude person in our society.
190 Nurture ‫ لویول‬،‫ روزل‬،‫پالل‬ She can nurture her children because she is an
educated lady.
191 Nominate ‫ نامزاد‬،‫ کاندید کیدل‬He wants to nominate for the next election.
‫کیدل‬
192 Nominee ‫ نامزاد‬،‫ کاندید‬He will be an active nominee.
193 Noonday ‫ ټکنده عرمه‬I saw a flower in a noonday last year, and I will
not forget it forever.
194 Orphan ‫ یتیم‬We must help with the orphans.
195 Oath ‫ سوګند‬،‫ قسم‬She gave me oath on her head.
196 Occupy ‫ اشغال کول‬Afghanistan is an occupied country.
197 Observe ‫ مشاهده کول‬،‫ لیدل‬You can observe my background.
198 Offer ‫ وړاندي کول‬I offered her a gift, but she rejected it.
199 Opposite ‫ برعکس‬،‫ مخالف‬He presents opposite ideas every time.
200 organize ‫ برابرول‬،‫ ترتیب کول‬Inshallah I will organize third month chapters
too.
Conversation Section
When?
‫کله (څه وخت)؟‬
1. When were you born? I
was born in 1998.

2. When were you enrolled at school? I
was enrolled at school in 2004.
3. When were you graduated from school? I
was graduated from school in 2015.
4. When did you start studying English? I
started studying English two weeks ago.
5. When did you start computer program? I
started computer program four days ago.
6. When will you finish this program? I
will finish this program after a month.
7. When did Afghanistan get its independence?
Afghanistan got its independence in 1919.
8. When did Holly Quran send? Holly
Quran was sent in 610.
9. When did the First World War happen?
The First World War happened in 1914.
10.When did the Second World War happen? The
Second World War happened in 1939.
11.When did you start living in this city? I
started living in this city when I knew my self.

12.When did you come to Khost? I
came to Khost three years ago.
Which?
‫کوم؟‬
1. Which class are you in? I
am in the first class.
2. Which school are you in?
I am in Shahid M Daud high school.
3. Which course are you in?
I am in light English course.
4. Which position do you have in the class?
I have the first position.
5. Which season is the most beautiful season in the year?
Spring is the most beautiful season in the year.
6. Which countries have you traveled to? I
have traveled to Pakistan and India.
7. Which country is the best for you?
Afghanistan is the best Country for me.
8. Which city is the biggest city in the world? Shanghai
in china is the biggest city in the world.

9. Which country is Kabul capital? Kabul
is the capital of Afghanistan.
10.Which country does Afghanistan import oil from?
Afghanistan import oil from Tajikistan.
11.Which continent is Afghanistan located in?
Afghanistan is located in Asia continent.
12.Which country has the most population? China
has the most population in world.
13.Which countries have lots of imports?
Afghanistan and other poor countries have lots of imports.
14.Which city is the most beautiful city in the world?
Paris is the most beautiful city in the world.
Who?
‫څوک؟‬
1. Who is your teacher in the course?
Usman is our teacher in the course.
2. Who persuades you to learn English?
My family persuades me.

3. Who is your close friend in the class?
Redigul is my close friend in the class.
4. Who is sitting beside you?
Nasib is sitting beside me.
5. Who is sitting behind you?
Karim is sitting behind me.
6. Who is your partner in the class? Ahmad
is my partner in the class.
7. Who is your favorite vocalist? Karan
khan is my favorite vocalist.
8. Who is the mayor of your city?
Exactly I don’t know him.
9. Who does help you in your lessons? My
teacher Usman helps me.
10.Who can be quite successful in life?
Someone who try more and more.
11.Who can be a good and a real friend? A
friend in need is a friend indeed.
12.Who is the man standing over there?
That is my uncle.

13.Who are they looking at you?
They
are my classmates.
14.Who may meet you tomorrow? My
brother may meet me tomorrow.
Why?
‫ولي؟‬
1. Why do you learn English?
Because it is an international language.
2. Why it’s an international language?
Because it is spoken in over the world.
3. Why do you participate in the class?
Because, I want to learn English language.
4. Why a large number of people want peace?
Because, peace is a sacred phenomenon and prosperity.
5. Why every one hate war?
Because, war is ugly and adversity.
6. Why war is ugly?
Because, it is demolition.

7. Why some people don’t want to live in the suburb?
Because of bad situation.
8. Why are you late?
Because I had some problems.
9. Why are you early?
Because, I did not have any amusement at home.
How many?
‫څو (څومره)؟‬
1. How many persons are there in your family?
There are ten persons in our family.
2. How many brothers do you have? I
have six brothers.
3. How many languages can you speak? I
can speak three languages.
4. How many language are spoken in your country?
About twenty nine languages are spoken in our country.
5. How many provinces does Afghanistan have?
Afghanistan has thirty four provinces.
6. How many countries are there in the world?
There are about 260 countries in the world.

7. How many monuments (towers) does your country have?
Our country has a lot of monuments.
8. How many spaceman does your country have?
Regretfully, it doesn’t have any spaceman.
9. How many persons did participate in your party?
A bout two hundred persons participated in my party.
How long?
‫څومره موده (اوږد)؟‬
1. How long have you studied English? I
have studied English for six months.
2. How long have you lived in Afghanistan? I
have lived in Afghanistan for twenty years.
3. How long have you lived in Khost?
I have lived in Khost for ten years.
4. How long have you been student? I
have been student for a short time.
5. How long have your parents supported you?
They have supported me for eighteen years.
6. How long has Kabul been the capital of Afghanistan? Kabul
has been the capital of Afghanistan for a long time.

7. How long will you continue this class?
I will continue this class for ten month.
8. How long have you kept in this class? I
have kept in this class for one month.
9. How long do you study in a day? I
study for two hours in a day.
10.How long will this class prolong? It
will prolong for ten month.
11.How long did you wait for me yesterday? I
waited for you for two hours.
12.How long will this English term prolong? It
will prolong for ten months.
13.How long does it take to get to the city? It
will take a bout twenty minutes.
14.How long have you been friends?
We have been friends for long time.
How much?
‫څو (څومره)؟‬

1. How much grammar do you know? I
know a little grammar.
2. How much does this book cost?
It costs about one hundreds Afghani.
3. How much will this car cost to you? It
will cost to me three hundreds thousands.
4. How much money will you lend me? I will
lend you as much as yo wish.
5. How much money will you borrow? I will
borrow two millions Afghani.
6. How much did you buy your shoes? I bought
my shoes three hundreds Afghani.
End of second month
Grammar Section
Pronoun
‫ضمیر‬
Pronoun is a word which is used instead of noun and prevents from it
repetition.
‫ کوي‬Y‫ یوه کلیمه ده چي د نوم په ځای استعمالیږي او د هغه له تکرار څخه مخنیوی‬Y‫ضمیر‬.
Laila is a girl. He is an intelligent girl.
I and Arman are friends. We are close friend.

Demonstrative Pronouns
‫اشاروي ضمیرونه‬
Demonstrative Pronouns: Are those which are used instead of noun and point
out person, place, and things.
‫ ته‬Y‫ او شیانو‬،‫ ځای‬،‫ هغه ضمیرونه دي چي د نوم په ځای استعمالیږي او شخص‬:‫اشاروي ضمیرونه‬
.‫اشاره کوي‬
The Demonstrative pronouns consist in:
This )‫دغه (نږدي مفرد لپاره‬

That )‫هغه (لرې مفرد لپاره‬
These )‫دغه (نږدي جمع لپاره‬
Those )‫هغه (لرې جمع لپاره‬
Ex. This is a book. That is my car.

Ex. These are books. Those are my cars.
Possessive Pronouns
‫ملکي ضمیرونه‬
Possessive pronouns: Are those which are used instead of noun and show
possession or ownership.
.‫ او ملکیت یا مالکیت ښایي‬Y‫ هغه ضمیرونه دي چي د نوم په ځای استعمالیږي‬:‫ملکي ضمیرونه‬
The possessive pronouns consist in:

Mine ‫زما‬
Yours Y‫ستا یا ستاسو‬
His ‫د هغه (دنارینه لپا‬
Hers )‫د هغي (د ښځینه لپاره‬
Ours ‫د مونږ‬
Its )‫د دغه (د شي لپاره‬
Theirs ‫د دوی‬
Ex. Is this pen yours?

Yes it is mine.
Ex. The bike over there is his. These books are ours.
Adjective
‫صفت‬
Adjective is a word which is used to modifies a noun or pronoun and give more
information about noun and pronoun.
‫صفت یو لغت دی چي نوم او ضمیر تشریح کوي او یا د نوم او ضمیر په باره کي اضافي معلومات‬
‫ورکوي‬.
Ex: Ali is a tall boy. She is a beautiful girl. Nadeem is a good student.
Demonstrative Adjectives
‫اشاروي صفتونه‬
Demonstrative Adjectives: Are those which are placed before noun and point
out person, place, and things.

‫ ته اشاره‬Y‫ او شیانو‬،‫ ځای‬،‫اشاروي صفتونه هغه صفتونه دي چي له نوم څخه مخکي راځي او شخص‬
.‫کوي‬
The Demonstrative Adjective consists in:
This )‫دغه (د نږدي مفرد لپاره‬

That )‫هغه (د لرې مفرد لپاره‬
These )‫ جمع لپاره‬Y‫دغه (د نږدي‬
Those )‫هغه (د لرې جمع لپاره‬
Ex. This car is nice. These cars are dangerous.

Ex. That chair is comfortable. Those chairs are uncomfortable.
Possessive Adjectives
‫ملکي صفتونه‬
Possessive Adjectives: Are those which are place, before noun and show
possession or ownership.
.‫ او ملکیت یا مالکیت ښایي‬Y‫ هغه صفتونه دي چي له نوم څخه مخکي استعمالیږي‬:‫ملکي صفتونه‬
The possessive Adjectives consist in:
My ‫زما‬
Your ‫د ستا یا ستاسو‬
Our Y‫زموږ‬
Their ‫د دوی‬
His )‫د هغه (نارینه‬

Her )‫د هغي (ښځينه‬

Its )‫د دغه (بي روحه‬
Ex. This is my motorcycle.

Ex. This is her dress.
Ex. These are their chairs.
Ex: That is its cover.
Preposition
‫حرف اضافي‬
Preposition is a word which is used to show the relationship between persons,
places, and things in the sentences.
‫ د اړیکي ښودلو لپاره‬Y‫ او شیانو تر منځ په جملوکي‬،‫ ځایونو‬،‫دا یو لغت دی کوم چي د خلکو‬
‫استعمالیږي‬.
Some prepositions are: on, in, at, by, under, of, to, behind, above, among.
Ex: She is in the class. The knife is on the table. Ahmad is behind you.
To do verbs
To do verbs are those which are used to show performance of an action.

‫دا هغه فعلونه دي چي د یو عمل په تر سره کیدنه داللت کوي‬.
They are: Do, Does, Did
Emphatic do
Do ‫تاکیدي‬

Emphatic do: sometimes the To do verbs placed before simple form of the verb
.to emphasize on an action is called emphatic do
‫اولني حالت څخه مخکي راځي چي د یو عمل په کیدو تاکید‬
ٍ ‫) فعلونه د فعل له‬To do( ‫ځیني وخت‬
.‫ فعلونه بلل کیږي‬Y‫کوي دغه فعلونه تاکیدي‬
.Examples: He does perform his homework. I did study English last night
.Example: They do play cricket
Tense
‫زمانه‬
.Tense word is taken from Latin word “tempus” which means time
Tense: every form of a verb which shows different location of an activity in a
.time
.‫ د فعل هر حالت چي د یوي پيښي مختلف موقیعتونه په یو وخت کي ښایي‬:‫زمانه‬
Simple Present Tense

‫حال (حاضره) ساده زمانه‬
Definition: It shows an action which happens habitually, daily, and
regularly.
‫ روزانه او په منظم ډول پیښیږي‬،‫ دا زمانه داسي یو عمل ښایي کوم چي عادتٔا‬Y:‫تعریف‬.
Ex:
Habitual action: I play cricket every dusk.
Regular action: I go to Kabul every year.
Daily action: she sweeps the room every day.
Structures:
‫جوړښتونه‬:

Affirmative form: subject + verb + Complement.

Affirmative 2 form: subject + verb + s/es +complement.
Interrogative form: do/does + subject + verb + complement +?
Negative form: Subject + do/does + not + verb +complement.
Negative Interrogative form: do/does + subject + not + verb +
complement?
Ex. I play cricket every day.

Ex. Do I play cricket every day?
Ex. I do not play cricket every day.
Ex. Do I not play cricket every day?
Usage ‫استعمال‬
1. Simple present tense: is used to show habitual action.

Like: every day, every noon, every week, etc.
Y.‫ د عادتي عمل د ښودلو لپاره استعمالیږي‬:‫حال ساده زمانه‬
Ex. We come to course every day.
Ex. Noor drinks milk every morning.
2. Simple present tens: Is use to show general fact.

General fact is a fact which is clear for all.
.‫ عمومي حقیقت هغه دی چي ټولو ته ښکاره وي‬.‫ عمومي حقیقت ښایي‬:‫حال ساده زمانه‬
Ex. Ameen is a boy.

Ex. God is one.

Ex. The earth moves around the sun.
Ex: Hindukash is the highest mountain in Afghanistan.
Ex: fish live in the ocean.
3.Simple present tense: Is also used to show a planned future action

.‫ پالن شوی عمل هم ښایي‬Y‫ راتلونکی‬:‫حال ساده زمانه‬
Ex. I go to Khost tomorrow.
Ex. We play the game next week.
Ex. She comes here Friday.
4.Simple present tense: In headlines simple present tense gives past

meaning.
‫ معنا ورکوي‬Y‫ په سرټکو کي دغه زمانه د ماضي (تیري) زماني‬:‫حال ساده زمانه‬.
Ex: president Ghani meets Trump.
Ex: some rich people help poor people.
Memo: Verbs ending in (s, ss, sh, ch, o, x, z,) take (es)
Verbs ending in other letters take only (s)
‫) اخلي او هغه چي په‬es( ‫) سره ختم شوي دي‬s, ss, sh, ch, o, x, z( ‫ هغه فعلونه چي په‬:‫یادونه‬
.‫) اخلي‬s( ‫ سره ختم شوي دي فقط‬Y‫ حروفو‬Y‫نورو‬
Ex. She watches the TV every day.

Ex. She washes the dishes.
Ex: Usman teaches English.

Note: Verbs ending in (Y) following a consonant, change the (Y) to

(I) and add (es).
‫) څخه مخکي کانسونینټ‬y( ‫) سره پای ته رسیدلي وي او له‬y( ‫ هغه فعلونه چي په‬:‫یادونه‬
.‫) ور جمع کوو‬es( ‫) ته تبدیلوو او‬i( ‫) دلته‬y( ‫حروف راغلی وي نو‬
Ex. Ali studies English every day.
Ex: She carries clover sacks every Friday.
Subject ‫فاعل‬
Subject: is the doer of an action.

‫ د یو کار یا عمل اجرا کوونکی فاعل بلل کیږي‬:‫فاعل‬.
Subject: everything that start a sentence is called subject.
‫ هر هغه څه چي جمله پري شرع کیږي فاعل بلل کیږي‬:‫فاعل‬.
Ex: he is playing cricket.
Ex: studying computer is essential.
Verb ‫فعل‬
Verb: is a word which shows action, state, and existence.
‫ ښایي‬Y‫ او موجودیت‬،‫ حالت‬،‫ یو لغت دی چي عمل‬:‫فعل‬.
Ex: he writes a letter.

Ex: she is a rich woman.
Ex: they are in the class.

Complement ‫مکمل کوونکی‬
A word or group of words which completes the meaning of the sentence is

called complement.
‫یوه کلیمه یا کلیمي دي کوم چي د یوي جملي معنا بشپړوي مکمل کوونکی بلل ګیږي‬.
Ex. They are students.

Ex. I pray five times a day.
Present Continuous / Progressive Tense

‫حال جاري زمانه‬
It expresses an action which is happening right now or at the moment of
speaking.
Ex: I am working in the field right now.
Ex: I am studying in Paktia University.
Structures:
a‫جوړښتونه‬:
1: Affirmative Form: Sub + To be (is, am, are) + V + ing + Complement.
2: Question Form: To be (is, am, are) + Sub + V + ing + Complement.
3: Negative Interrogative: To be (is, am, are) + Sub + Not + V + ing +
Complement.

4: Negative Form: Sub + To be (is, am, are) + Not + V + ing + Complement.
Ex. I am studying English.

Ex. Am I studying English?
Ex. Am I not studying English?
Ex. I am not studying English.
Rules of adding (ing)

‫) ورکولو قواعد‬ing( ‫د‬
1. Verbs ending in single (e) drop (e) add (ing).
Y.‫) ورکړی‬ing( ‫) حذف کړی او‬e( ‫) سره ختم وي‬e( ‫هغه فعلونه چي په یوي‬
Ex. Write _ writing _ share _ sharing _ Make_ Making _ Take _ Taking

.Memo: Verbs end in (ee) no change is possible
.‫) ختم وي بدلون پکي ناشونی دی‬ee( ‫هغه فعلونه چي په‬
.Ex. Agree, Agreeing _ flee, fleeing
2. Verbs ending in (C) an extra (K) is added before adding (Ing).

.‫) ورکولو څخه‬ing( ‫) ورکړی مخکي د‬k( ‫) ختم دي یوه اضافي‬c( ‫هغه فعلونه چي په‬
Ex. Picnic, Picnicking _ traffic, trafficking.
3. Verbs ending in (ie) change (ie) into (y) add (ing).
Y.‫) ورکړئ‬ing( ‫) ته تبدیل کړئ او‬y( ‫)دلته‬ie(‫) سره ختم دي‬ie( ‫هغه فعلونه چي په‬
Ex: lie, lying _ die, dying _ tie, tying
4. If a verb consists ( c + w + c ) double the last consonant and add ing, but
in this case ( x, w, y ) are optional.
Ex: run, running _ swim, swimming _ sit, sitting _ fix, fixing _ show,
showing _cry, crying.

Usage
‫استعمال‬
1. Present Continuous Tense: is used for an activity that is happening

right now.
Y.‫ کوم چي همدا اوس پیښیږي‬Y‫حال جاري زمانه د داسي یو عمل لپاره استعمالیږي‬
.Ex: I am teaching English right now
.Ex: you are learning tense now
2. Present continuous tense: is used for an activity that is happening at the
moment of speaking.
Y‫حال جاري زمانه داسي یو عمل ښایي کوم چي د خبرو په جریان کي پیښیږي‬.
Like someone ask from me: what are you doing now a day?
My answer: I am studying in Paktia University.
3. Present Continues Tense: it is used to show an activity that will

happen in near future.
‫ کي‬Y‫ کوم چي په نږدي راتلونکي‬Y‫ لپاره استعماليږي‬Y‫حال جاري زمانه داسي یو عمل د ښودولو‬
Y‫پیښیږي‬.
Ex: I am playing cricket next Friday.
Ex. He is coming here tomorrow.
Ex. We are going a picnic next week.
Ex. She is leaving Kabul next Sunday.
4. Present continuous tense: expresses an activity or situation that is

getting changed.

‫ دي‬Y‫حال جري زمانه داسي یو عمل یا حالت ښایي کوم چي بدليدونکي‬.

Ex: my English is getting better day by day.
Ex: the weather is getting cooler and cooler.
Ex: he is getting fat day by day.
Reading Section
The Marriage of the Mouse Princess
Once there was a mouse princess. She was very beautiful, and she fell
in love with a young mouse. But her parents, the mouse king and the
mouse queen, said she couldn’t marry with the young mouse. They
said, “Our daughter is a princess. She must marry someone special
and she must marry with the strongest person in the world.”
They went to a wise mouse and asked, “Who is the strongest person
in the world?” The wise mouse looked up to the sky and said, “The
sun makes the rice grow. The sun is the strongest person in the
world.”
So the mouse king and queen went to the home of the sun, “O Sun!
you are the strongest person in the world. Will you marry our
daughter?”
The sun said, “Your daughter is very beautiful, but I am not the
person you are looking for, the cloud is stronger than me. He can take
away my light.” So the mouse king and queen went to home of the

cloud. “O Cloud!” they said. “You are the strongest person in the
world. Will you marry our daughter?” the cloud answered, “No, no.
you are wrong. I am not the strongest person in the world. The wind
is stronger than me. I must go where he tells me.” So the mouse king
and queen went to the home of wind. “O Wind!” they said. “pleas, we
are looking for the strongest man in the world to marry our daughter.
Are you that person?” the wind laughed and said, “I am very strong,
but not the strongest. Do you see the high wall over there? He is
stronger because I cannot make him move.”
The mouse king and queen went to the wall. It was quite near to their
home. The wall was not happy to see theme. “What do you want?”
the wall said. “The wind says you are the strongest person in the
world,” they said. “Will you marry our daughter?” the wind said, “I
am not the strongest person in the world, and I will not marry your
daughter. Look at me, down near the ground. Do you see all those
holes? The mouse made this holes. Someday soon, I will fall down
because of those holes. You should ask the mouse to marry your
daughter.”
The mouse king and queen went to the home of the mouse. It was the
same young mouse their daughter loved. He was happy to marry their
daughter, and she was very happy to marry him.
1: marriage
2: mouse

3: prince
4: princess
5: parents
6: king
7: queen
BOOK
What is book? Indeed there is a lot to write about book, but in
short book is one of the best guide for people. Book is a volume of
many sheets of paper bound together, containing text, illustration,
photographs or other kinds of information. Those people who are
keeping their selves away from book in reality they are blind. Book is
a book even though there is nothing in it. Those who don’t know
about the value of book in fact they cannot see anything properly.
Their life is behind the darkness. By the help of book we can be
realized on right way and bad way. Without book success is
impossible, so book is very important. Like there is one saying. One
better book is better than thousand fake friends. So you must try to be
friend with better books till reach to your goals. If we study a book
exactly we will feel brightness and finally this brightness is going to
lead us to the success of life. Book is something which connect us
around the world. By the help of books one can recognize the world

and understand a lot about others, ideas, activities and something

else.
Book is a friend that never annoy us. It tells us about different matters
although it cannot speak. There are different kinds of books such as
scientific books, story books, historic books, educational books… etc.
remember that every book has the value of reading.
Book is the best entertainment. Leave bullshit mobiles, games,
ramblers…etc. a small library at home can be a sound amusement for
everyone. It can help with your family as well as beneficial for your
children.
My main message is that don’t be apart from books, instead keep in
touch with books till have bright future.
Why English Is Important
REASONS TO LEARN ENGLISH

The following are a few of the most common reasons why people
around the globe learn English.
1. People who speak English have more job opportunities. Businesses

need employees who can communicate fluently with English-
speaking partners and clients. In addition, entrepreneurs can access a
far wider range of customers online by using English. In the U.S. or
other English-speaking countries, people who can’t speak English are
at a real economic disadvantage.

2. Since English is the language of science and technology, English

speakers have more opportunities to work with others in these fields
and to share ideas and innovations.
3. When their children are learning English in school, parents who

speak English are in a better position to help and even communicate
with their children. In families who are living in an English-speaking
country, the children often grow up speaking better English than their
parents’ language.
4. Being able to speak English makes it easier to travel. Because

English is spoken as a first or second language in so many different
countries, it is always easy to find English speakers as well as printed
information in English, especially at hotels and in areas frequented by
tourists.
5. The English language gives students access to information and

research. Since many of the top academic journals are published in
English, students and academics need strong English reading and
writing skills. Moreover, for a research study or other publication to
get sufficient attention, it should be published in English.


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Nawin-e- Logar Educational Academy ‫اکادمی علمی نوین لوګر‬

No Word Meaning Usage

Prepared by: M Usman “Arman” T M P (2) Grammar Page 35

Prepared by: M Usman “Arman” T M P (2) Grammar Page 35

42 Innovate ‫ نوي‬،‫ اختراع کول‬Usman will innovate SMP so soon.

Prepared by: M Usman “Arman” T M P (2) Grammar Page 35

62 Justify ‫ حق‬،‫ تایید کول‬She justified her mistake.

Prepared by: M Usman “Arman” T M P (2) Grammar Page 35

88 Kennel ‫ د سپي‬،‫ کوټخه‬We don’t have any kennel.

Prepared by: M Usman “Arman” T M P (2) Grammar Page 35

114 Laugh ‫ خندل‬Don’t laugh at peaple but laugh with

Prepared by: M Usman “Arman” T M P (2) Grammar Page 35

136 Make ‫ جوړول‬This mobile is made in china.

Prepared by: M Usman “Arman” T M P (2) Grammar Page 35

157 Maturity ‫ پوخوالی‬A man can get completely maturity at the

Prepared by: M Usman “Arman” T M P (2) Grammar Page 35

185 Naughty ‫ شیطان‬،‫ شوخ‬Because we were so naughty.

1. When were you born? I

was born in 1998.

Prepared by: M Usman “Arman” T M P (2) Grammar Page 35

2. When were you enrolled at school? I

was enrolled at school in 2004.

3. When were you graduated from school? I

was graduated from school in 2015.

4. When did you start studying English? I

started studying English two weeks ago.

5. When did you start computer program? I

started computer program four days ago.

6. When will you finish this program? I

will finish this program after a month.

7. When did Afghanistan get its independence?

Afghanistan got its independence in 1919.

8. When did Holly Quran send? Holly

Quran was sent in 610.

9. When did the First World War happen?

The First World War happened in 1914.

10.When did the Second World War happen? The

Second World War happened in 1939.

11.When did you start living in this city? I

started living in this city when I knew my self.

Prepared by: M Usman “Arman” T M P (2) Grammar Page 35

12.When did you come to Khost? I

came to Khost three years ago.

am in the first class.

2. Which school are you in?

I am in Shahid M Daud high school.

3. Which course are you in?

I am in light English course.

4. Which position do you have in the class?

I have the first position.

5. Which season is the most beautiful season in the year?

Spring is the most beautiful season in the year.

6. Which countries have you traveled to? I

have traveled to Pakistan and India.

7. Which country is the best for you?

Afghanistan is the best Country for me.

8. Which city is the biggest city in the world? Shanghai

in china is the biggest city in the world.

Prepared by: M Usman “Arman” T M P (2) Grammar Page 35

9. Which country is Kabul capital? Kabul

is the capital of Afghanistan.

10.Which country does Afghanistan import oil from?