Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region III
Schools Division Of Nueva Ecija

BONGABON SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Sininpit, Bongabon, Nueva Ecija

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
Quarter 1, Week 2

Mean and Variance of Discrete Random Variable

I. LEANING COMPETENCIES

a. a. Illustrate the mean and variance of a discrete random variable; (M11/12SP-

IIIb-2)
b. Calculate the mean and the variance of a discrete random variable; (M11/12SP-
IIIb-2)
c. Interpret the mean and the variance of a discrete random variable; (M11/12SP-
IIIb-3) and
d. Solve problems involving mean and variance of probability distributions.
(M11/12SP-IIIb-4)
II. OBJECTIVES
a. Illustrate the mean and variance of a descrete random variable
b. Calculate the mean and the variance of a discrete random variable
c. Interpret the mean and the variance of a discrete rando variable
d. Solve problems involving mean and variance of probability distribution

III. KEY CONCEPT

Mean of the Discrete Random Variable

Covid-19 is continuously spreading around the world, that is why reports regarding
average infected people per country is being updated every day. For this kind of report,
experts used Statistics and Probability to show reliable analysis in their data. In this
lesson, you will learn how to compute the average or mean of a discrete probability
distribution as well as the variance and standard deviation of a discrete random variable.

Consider the outcomes of a coin tossed as a random event. The probability of getting tail
is 12 or 50%, and the probability of getting head is 12 or 50% also, but it is hard to predict
the outcome that will occur. In this lesson, you will learn how to determine the likeliness
of the happening of an event.

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Example

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3. The probabilities that a customer will buy 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 items in a grocery store
are 3/10, 1/10, 1/10, 2/10, and 3/10, respectively. What is the average number of
items that a customer will buy?

To solve the above problem, we will follow 3 steps below.

STEPS IN FINDING THE MEAN

Step 1: Construct the probability distribution for the random variable X
representing the number of items that the customer will buy.

Step 2: Multiply the value of the random variable X by the corresponding

probability.
Step 3: Add the results obtained in Step 2. Results obtained is the mean
of the probability distribution.

Solution:

So, the mean of the probability distribution is 3.1. This implies that the average
number of items that the customer will buy is 3.1.
Variance and Standard Deviation of the Discrete
Random Variable

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The variance and standard deviation describe the amount of spread, dispersion, or
variability of the items in a distribution. How can we describe the spread or dispersion in
a probability distribution? In this lesson, you will learn how to compute the variance and
standard deviation of a discrete probability distribution.

Now, let us find out how can we find the variance and standard deviation of a discrete
probability distribution.

Let’s have examples:

1. The number of cars sold per day at a local car dealership, along with its corresponding
probabilities, is shown in the succeeding table. Compute the variance and the standard
deviation of the probability distribution by following the given steps. Write your answer
in your answer sheets.
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In solving the problem, let’s follow the steps below.

STEPS IN FINDING THE VARIANCE AND STANDARD DEVIATION

1. Find the mean of the probability distribution.
2. Subtract the mean from each value of the random variable X.
3. Square the result obtained in Step 2.
4. Multiply the results obtained in Step 3 by the corresponding probability.
5. Get the sum of the results obtained in Step 4. Results obtained is the value of the
variance of probability distribution.

Now let’s solve the problem.

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To Solve for Standard Deviation:
Get the square root of the variance
σ2 = Σ(𝑥− μ)2p(x)
= 1.56

σ = √1.56
= 1.25

So, the variance of the number of cars sold per day is 1.56 and the standard deviation
is 1.25.

2. When three coins are tossed once, the probability distribution for the random
variable X representing the number of heads that occur is given below. Compute the
variance and standard deviation of the probability distribution.

Solution:

Follow the steps in finding variance and standard deviation of the probability
distribution.

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To solve for Standard Deviation
σ2 = Σ(𝑥− μ)2p(x)
= 0.74
σ = √0.74
= 0.86

The mean in tossing 3 coins with probability of Head will show up is 0.86 and the
variance is 0.74, then the standard deviation is 0.86.

IV. ACTIVITIES

Part 1: Determine the mean or expected value of each Random Variable. Write your
answer in your answer sheets.

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4. Find the mean of the probability distribution of the random variable X, which can
take only the values 1, 2, and 3, given that P(1) =10/33, P(2) = 1/3, and P(3) = 12/33.

5. The probabilities of a machine manufacturing 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 defective parts in

one day are 0.75, 0.17, 0.04, 0.025, 0.01, and 0.005 respectively. Find the mean of the
probability distribution.

Part2: Determine the Variance and Standard Deviation of each random variable. Write
your answer in your answer sheets.

3. The number of items sold per day in a sari-sari store, with its corresponding
probabilities, is shown in the table below. Find the variance and standard deviation of the
probability distribution.

Part 3: Answer the following questions in your own understanding.

1. How to compute the mean of a discrete random variable? State the 3 steps. Write
your answer in your answer sheets.
2. How to find the variance and standard deviation of a discrete random variable? Write
your answer in your answer sheets.

V. ASSESSMENT

Observe yourself in a day. Find out how many hours you spend in the following activities:
house chores, answering Self Learning Modules, planting/gardening, using social media
like Facebook, messenger, tiktok, Instagram, and YouTube, listening to music, watching
television, and sleeping. Record your data. Construct a probability distribution, then
compute the mean (μ), variance (σ2), and standard deviation (σ) of the probability
distribution that you made.
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REFERENCE:

References
Books
Banigon Jr., Ricardo B. et. Al., 2016 Statistics and Probability for Senior High School,
Educational Resources Corporation, 11-B Sunrise Drive Barangay Bagong Lipunan ng
Crame, Cubao, Quezon City.

Belecina, Rene R. et. Al., 2016 Statistics and Probability, Rex Bookstore, 856 Nicanor
Reyes Sr. St. Sampaloc, Manila

Canlapan, Raymond B., Statistics and Probability Module, Diwa Learning Systems Inc.
4/F SEDCCO 1 Bldg. 120 Thailand corner Legaspi Streets, Legaspi Village, 1229 Makati
City, Philippines

Prepared by:

IVAN JOHNSON M. MORENO

Teacher II

Checked by:

CONCORDIA I. VILLASIS
Master Teacher II- Academic Group Head

PATRIA P. ROBLES, PhD

Assistant School Principal II

Approved:

MELBA JOY B. TALENS

School Principal II