E.T.

TIRONA MEMORIAL
School NATIONAL INTEGRATED HIGH Grade Level 11
SCHOOL
STATISTICS
GRADE 11 Teacher NICKOLAS V. TOLENTINO Learning Area AND
IDEA Exemplar PROBABILITY
February 19, 2024
Teaching CSS 1 M-TH 6:50 – 7:40 MIDTERM –
Dates and HUMSS 3
BP 3
M-TH
M-TH
9:20 – 10:10
10:30 – 11:20
Quarter SECOND
Time BP 1 M-TH 1:00 – 1:50 SEMESTER
BP 4 M-TH 1:50 – 2:40

I. OBJECTIVE SESSION 1
1. Content The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of random variables
Standards and probability distributions.
2. Performance The learner is able to apply an appropriate random variable for a given real-life
Standards problem (such as in decision making and games of chance).
3. Most Essential The learner interprets the mean and variance of a discrete random variable.
Learning (M11/12SP-IIIb-3)
Competencies
At the end of this session, the learners will be able to:
Objectives 1. Interpret the mean and variance of a discrete random variable;
2. Recall and apply the formulas for the mean, variance, and standard
deviation of a discrete random variable; and
3. Relate real-life events to discrete and continuous variables.
II. CONTENT Interpreting the Mean and the Variance of a Discrete Random Variable
III. LEARNING
RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s
Guide
2. Learner’s CLMD PIVOT 4A Statistics and Probability Module pp. 92-103
Materials
3. Textbook
4. Additional
Materials from
Learning
Resources (LR)
portal
B. Other Learning Slides Deck, Chalkboard
Resources
IV. PROCEDURES
COI No.
INTRODUCTION INQUIRY-BASED
What I Need to
Know/What I Choose the letter of the best answer.
know
1.) What term us used to describe the average value of a discrete random
A. Reviewing
previous lesson variable over numerous trials of an experiment?
or presenting the a. Mean
new lesson b. Probability
c. Standard Deviation
d. Variance
2.) Which of the following represents the amount of spread, dispersion, or
variability of the items in a distribution?
a. Mean or Expected Value
b. Median and Mode
c. Outcomes and Probability Distribution
d. Variance and Standard Deviation
3.) How would you interpret a very small variance or standard deviation but
 not equal to zero?
a. The values of the random variables are farther from the mean.
b. The values of the random variables are nearer to the mean.
c. The values of the random variables are equal to the mean.
d. The values of the random variables have no relationship with the
mean.
4.) Which of the following shows most likely the largest possible variance or
variability
a. Number of girls in a randomly selected three-child family
b. Number of new-born babies per minute
c. Number of Oreo cookies inside a 133 grams pack from different
branch of 711 stores
d. Number of patients who are positive with COVID-19 in different
hospitals
5.) The mean of the probability distribution below is 18.2 with a variance of
5.86 and a standard deviation of 2.42. How would you interpret the
values of variance and standard deviation?
No. of cell
phones
15 18 19 20 22
sold
(x )
Probability
0.30 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.15
(x )

a. It gives the difference between the highest number of cell phones

and the least number of cell phones that can be sold.
b. It is the average number of cell phones that can be sold in a day.
c. It describes how the data or the number of cell phones sold in a
day varies.
d. No interpretation can be made about the variance and standard
deviation.

What’s the Formula?

What is New The following formulas were introduced to you in the previous lessons, write the
B. Establishing a correct formula in each box to complete the task
purpose for the Formula 1: μ x =∑ [ x i ∙ P ( x ) ]
lesson
Formula 2: σ 2=∑ [ x 2 ∙ P ( x ) ] =μ 2
Formula 3: σ 2=∑ ( x−u )2 P ( x )
Formula 4: σ =√ x2 ∙ P ( x )−μ2

Situation 1: I am thinking of finding the average number of heads that would

appear if I will toss two coins together twice. Which formula should I use?

Situation 2: I went to the grocery store and I noticed that there are five different
kinds of brown sugar at different prices, each brand has different probabilities
that they will be sold. What formula should I use if I want to determine how the
prices vary from the average price of the product that would be sold to the
customers repeatedly?
DEVELOPMENT An Unfair Die
What is in Suppose an unfair die is rolled and let X be the random variable representing
C. Presenting the number of dots that would appear with a probability distribution below.
examples/
instances of the
new lesson Outcome
1 2 3 4 5 6
(x )
Probability
0.1 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1
P(x )

1.) What will be the average number of dots that would appear?
2.) How does the assumed vale of the outcome vary from the average
number of dots that would appear?
3.) Will you join in a game of chance using an unfair die?

What is it
First, find the mean of the probability distribution using the formula.
D. Discussing
new concepts μ x =∑ [ x i ∙ P ( x ) ]
and practicing μ x =1 ( 0.1 )+ 2 ( 0.1 ) +3 ( 0.1 ) + 4 ( 0.5 )+5 ( 0.1 ) +6 ( 0.1 )
new skills # 1
μ x =3.7

Therefore, the mean of the probability distribution is 3.7. Since the mean is
equal to 3.7, we can say that the average number of dots that would appear is a
number near 3.7 which is 4.

To determine the variability of the assumed values from the mean, use the
formulas for finding variance and standard deviation. But first, construct a table
like the one illustrated:

x P(x) x∙ P(x) x
2 2
x ∙ P(x)
1 0.1 0.1 1 0.1
2 0.1 0.2 2 0.4
3 0.1 0.3 9 0.9
4 0.5 2 16 8
5 0.1 0.5 25 2.5
6 0.1 0.6 36 2.6
∑ [ x 2 ∙ P ( x ) ]=15.5

Then use the formulas, thus

σ 2=∑ [ x 2 ∙ P ( x ) ] −μ 2=15.5− (3.7 ) =1.81
2

σ =√ σ = √ 1.81=1.81
2

Therefore, the variance of the random variable X (the number of dots appeared)
is equal to 1.81 while the standard deviation is equal to 1.35. Since the value of
the standard deviation is 1.35, we can say that the assumed values of each
outcome are somewhat close to the mean for about 1.35 units from the mean.

Note: small variance or standard deviation means that the assumed values or
data points tend to be very close to the mean, while the higher variance or
standard deviation means that the assumed values or data points are spread out
from the mean.
 Example 1
The population size of 100 different countries around the world compare to the
population of 10 countries belong to the first world countries.

Due to a large number of samples (100 different countries) and other factors
such as land area, economic status, etc., you may say that most likely you will
get a higher variance and standard deviation compared to the population of 10
countries belong to the first world countries.

Example 2
The number of students in different universities compares to the number of
students in a class in a particular school.

Considering different universities with different size and course offerings, you
may say that the difference between their enrolments will be much higher than
the difference of each class size in a particular school.

Example 3
The number of people who love to play basketball in different barangays to the
number of basketball players from different teams who play in the first-quarter
game.

Basketball is a famous game and almost every guy loves to play this game.
Imagine that you will gather the number of people who love to play from different
barangays, it is expected that you will gather different results compared to the
number of basketball players from different teams who play in the first-quarter
game. Almost everybody is aware that there are only five players from each
team to play a game, therefore if you will compute the variance of the data from
different teams you will get a value of zero. The mean will be equal to 5 because
each team who play the game will should have 5 players only, at the same time
if you will compute the variance of distribution with equal inputs you will get a
value of zero.
ENGAGEMENT Read each situation carefully to solve each problem.
What is more
F. Developing The number of cellular phones sold per day at the E-Cell Retail Store with the
mastery (leads corresponding probabilities is shown in the table below. Compute the mean,
to Formative variance, and standard deviation and interpret the result.
Assessment 3)
Number of
cell
phones
sold per 15 18 19 20 22
day
(x )
Probability
0.30 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.15
P(x)

Beth’s Bread and Pastry Shop determines the number of cupcakes sold per day
with its corresponding probabilities. Find the mean, variance, and standard
deviation of the probability distribution below. If Beth, the owner of the shop is
claiming that the average number of cupcakes sold in a day is 150 pieces, do
you think it is a believable claim?
 Number
of
cupcakes
sold per 90 120 135 150 160 175
day
(x )
Probability
0.15 0.10 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.15
P(x )
What I can do/
What else I can
do Oh, what a game!?
G. Finding Device a game of chance using a fair die with corresponding winnings and
practical losses.
application of For example, in rolling a die you may assign even outcomes as winning
concepts and outcomes and the odd outcomes as the losses or think of your own plan. Let X
skills in daily
the amount to be won by a player or the amount he will lose when he plays your
living
game. Compute for the mean or the average amount a player may win or lose,
the variance and the standard deviation, and interpret the results. Don’t forget
1
that each face of a die has a probability of . Be prepared to describe your
6
game and demonstrate it in our class next meeting or you may prepare a video
of your demonstration to be submitted online.

Rubrics

ASSIMILATION Complete the following statements by writing the correct word or words.
What I have 1.) The mean of a discrete random variable is interpreted as the _________
learned value of a random variable over repeated trials of an experiment.
H. Making 2.) The variance and standard deviation of a discrete random variable
generalizations measured or described the ________________ of the assumed values
and abstractions of the random variable to the mean.
about the lesson 3.) A small variance or standard deviation means that the assumed values
or data points tend to be _________ to the mean.
 4.) A higher variance or standard deviation means that the assumed values
or data points are _____________ from the mean.

What I can Choose the letter of the best answer.

achieve 1.) Which of the following best describe the mean of a discrete random
I. Evaluating variable?
learning a. It is the lowest assumed value of a discrete random variable.
b. It is the highest assumed value of a discrete random variable.
c. It is the average value of a discrete random variable over
numerous trials of an experiment.
d. It is the amount of spread, dispersion, or variability of the
assumed value of a discrete random variable.
2.) Which of the following best describe the variance and standard deviation
of a probability?
a. It is the lowest assumed value of a discrete random variable.
b. It is the highest assumed value of a discrete random variable.
c. It is the average value of a discrete random variable over
numerous trials of an experiment.
d. It is the amount of spread, dispersion, or variability of the
assumed value of a discrete random variable.
3.) How would you interpret a very small variance or standard deviation?
a. The values of the random variables are equal to the mean.
b. The values of the random variables are closer to the mean.
c. The values of the random variables are farther from the mean.
d. The values of the random variables have no relationship with the
mean.
4.) Which of the following data show most likely the smallest possible
variance or variability?
a. the number of passengers in a tricycle per destinations
b. the number of applicants in the different job opening
c. the number of families who own a private vehicle in different cities
in NCR
d. the number of adults who use public restrooms in Metro Manila
5.) The mean of the probability distribution below is equal to 37.05 with a
variance of 36.75 and a standard deviation of 6.06. If you are the owner
of the retail store, how many ice candies will you prepare to ensure that
you can supply the demands of your customers every day?
No. of ice
candy
sold per 30 32 36 40 42 45
day
(x )
Probability
0.30 0.10 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.25
¿

a. 10 pieces and below

b. 11-20 pieces
c. 21-30 pieces
d. 30 pieces and above
J. Additional activities This activity is design for you to gain a deeper understanding of the mean,
for application or variance, and standard deviation. It will not just help you to practice your skill but
remediation it will give you a chance to compare the results with theoretical explanations.
Try it and enjoy it!

Things to do:
Roll a die 50 times. Record the result and construct a probability distribution to
find the mean, variance, and standard deviation. Compare the results with
theoretical results:

Take Note of This:

 The probability distribution of rolling a die is given below, this will serve as your
theoretical result.

Outcome
1 2 3 4 5 6
(x )
Probability
of the 1 1 1 1 1 1
Outcome 6 6 6 6 6 6
P(x )
V. REMARKS
VI. REFLECTION
A. No. of learners who CSS 1 – 46/50
HUMSS 3 – 50/59
earned 80% in the BP 3 – 42/46
evaluation BP 1 – 50/50
BP 4 – 42/48
B. No. of learners who
CSS 1 – 4/50
require additional HUMSS 3 – 9/59
activities for BP 3 – 4/46
BP 1 – 0/50
remediation who BP 4 – 6/48
scored below 80%
C. Did the remedial Yes.
lessons work? No. of CSS 1 – 2/4
HUMSS 3 – 5/9
learners who have BP 3 – 2/4
caught up with the BP 1 – 0/0
lesson BP 4 – 2/6

D. No. of learners CSS 1 – 2/4

HUMSS 3 – 4/9
who continue to BP 3 – 2/4
require remediation BP 1 – 0/0
BP 4 – 4/6
E. Which of my Since the topic on Computing for the Mean and Variance was already discussed prior to
teaching strategies this, it is easier to recall the computation part of the topic at hand. The discussion
worked well? Why did focused on interpreting the mean and variance and which has a higher value among
these work? different random variables
F. What difficulties did
I encounter which my
None
principal or supervisor
can help me solve?
G. What innovation or
localized materials did
I use/discover which I None
wish to share with
other teachers?

Prepared by:

NICKOLAS V. TOLENTINO
Teacher II

Checked by:

JENNALYN R. FRAGATA, MAEd

Subject Group Head – Math Department
Approved:

BELINDA C. LOYOLA
Principal IV
E.T. TIRONA MEMORIAL
School NATIONAL INTEGRATED HIGH Grade Level 11
SCHOOL
STATISTICS
GRADE 11 Teacher NICKOLAS V. TOLENTINO Learning Area AND
IDEA Exemplar PROBABILITY
February 20-21, 2024
Teaching CSS 1 M-TH 6:50 – 7:40 MIDTERM –
Dates and HUMSS 3
BP 3
M-TH
M-TH
9:20 – 10:10
10:30 – 11:20
Quarter SECOND
Time BP 1 M-TH 1:00 – 1:50 SEMESTER
BP 4 M-TH 1:50 – 2:40

I. OBJECTIVE SESSIONS 2 and 3

1. Content The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of random variables
Standards and probability distributions.
2. Performance The learner is able to apply an appropriate random variable for a given real-life
Standards problem (such as in decision making and games of chance).
3. Most Essential The learner solves problems involving mean and variance of probability
Learning distributions.
Competencies (M11/12SP-IIIb-4)

Objectives At the end of this session, the learners will be able to:
1. Calculate the mean and the variance of a discrete random variable;
2. Solve real-life problems involving mean and variance of probability
distributions;
3. Interpret the expected value of a discrete random variable; and
4. Foster an attitude of inquiry by encouraging learners to explore and
question the nature of random variables.
II. CONTENT Solving Problems Involving Mean and Variance of Probability Distributions
III. LEARNING
RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s
Guide
2. Learner’s CLMD PIVOT 4A Statistics and Probability Module pp. 104-118
Materials
3. Textbook
4. Additional
Materials from
Learning
Resources (LR)
portal
B. Other Learning Slides Deck, Chalkboard
Resources
IV. PROCEDURES
COI No.
INTRODUCTION COLLABORATIVE APPROACH
What I Need to
Know/What I Choose the letter of the best answer.
know
1.) Which of the following represents the mean value of a discrete random
A. Reviewing
previous lesson variable?
or presenting the a. Expected Value
new lesson b. Median
c. Standard Deviation
 d. Variance
For numbers 2-3, refer to the table below:
x 2 4 6 8
P(x ) 0.12 0.29 0.24 0.35
2.) Which of the following is the correct formula to find the expected value of
the probability distribution?
a. E ( x )=∑ [x ∙ P ( x ) ]
b. E ( x )=∑[x 2 ∙ P ( x ) ]
c. E ( x )=∑ [ x 2 ∙ P ( x ) ]−μ2

√
d. E ( x )= ∑ [ x 2 ∙ P ( x ) ]−μ 2
3.) What is the mean or the expected value of the given probability
distribution?
a. 4.85
b. 5.64
c. 6.32
d. 7.12
For numbers 4-5, refer to the problem: A life insurance company will sell a
₱500,000.00 five-year term life insurance policy exclusive for police
enforcers for a premium of ₱1,000.00. The chance that a police enforcer will
survive in 5 years is 99.95%.
4.) What is the probability that a police enforcer will NOT survive in five-
years?
a. 0.5
b. 0.05
c. 0.005
d. 0.0005
5.) What is the expected value to the company of a single policy?
a. ₱550.00
b. ₱650.00
c. ₱750.00
d. ₱850.00

What is New The table below shows the probability distribution of the number of girls in a
B. Establishing a
family of three children in Barangay Maligaya. Calculate the mean and variance
purpose for the
lesson of the random variable with the given probability distribution.
Outcome or GBB, BGB, GGB, GBG,
BBB GGG
Sample Point BBG BGG
x 0 1 2 3
1 3 3 1
P(x)
8 8 8 8

Mean: E ( x )=μ x =∑ [ x i ∙ P ( x ) ]
Variance: σ 2=∑ [ x 2 ∙ P ( x ) ] −μ 2

√
Standard Deviation: σ = ∑ [ x 2 ∙ P ( x ) ]−μ 2

x P(x) x
2 2
x ∙ P(x)
1
0
8
 3
1
8
3
2
8
1
3
8

DEVELOPMENT Game of Chance

What is in Read the conversation below and answer the questions that follow.
C. Presenting
examples/
instances of the
new lesson

Questions:
1.) If you are Cardo, would you buy a raffle ticket? Why?
2.) If Cardo decided to buy five tickets, what is the probability that he would
win the prize if 1000 tickets were sold?
3.) How much money will Cardo gain if he wins the prize?
4.) How much money will be wasted if he will not win the prize and he buy
one ticket?
5.) What if 1000 tickets were purchased by different individuals, what is the
expected value of buying one ticket?
6.) How would you describe Romulo as a friend?

What is it
D. Discussing To answer question 1 in the previous activity, you have to understand first the
new concepts consequences of buying a ticket, will it give you advantages and disadvantages?
and practicing Can you afford to spend extra money to buy a ticket?
new skills # 1
Look at this way, if you will buy a ticket you will have a chance to win the prize
 worth ₱15,000.00 if you are lucky enough it is good for you. But on the other
hand, what if you are not lucky, then you will lose ₱500.00 for buying the five
tickets. Considering this amount (₱500.00), you are aware that you can buy
more essential needs like foods, school and medical supplies, and other
miscellaneous needs with this amount rather than using it to buy tickets.
However, if you allocated extra money for other unexpected expenses, buying a
ticket is not bad at all. The point of making the right decision is not difficult if you
know how to consider what is more important.

If you are Cardo, you need to understand the given details on the situation for
you to make the right decision. If you will win the prize, your net gain is
₱15,000.00 less ₱500.00 (amount spend for buying 5 tickets) or ₱14,500.00.
The probability that you will win the prize is five out of one thousand tickets or
5
. But if you decide to buy one ticket only, then your net gain is ₱15,000.00
1000
less ₱100.00 (amount spend for buying 1 ticket) or ₱14,900.00 and the
1
probability that you will win the prize is one out of one thousand tickets or .
1000
The more tickets you buy, the more chances of winning. However, your chance
of losing is higher than your chance of winning because it is equal to 1 less than
the probability of winning if you buy five tickets the probability that you will not
995
win the prize is or 0.995 while if you buy one ticket only, the probability is
1000
999
or 0.999.
1000

What if 1000 tickets were purchased by different individuals, what is the

expected value of buying one ticket? To answer this question, you need to apply
the formula for the mean or expected value of the discrete probability
distributions which is equal to E ( x )=μ x =∑ [x i ∙ P ( x i) ]. The expected value is
also defined as the average value of a random variable over numerous trials of
an experiment. The table below is the probability distribution of the given
situation.
x 14,900 −100
P(x ) 1 999
or 0,001 or 0.999
1000 1000

Using the formula of expected value,

E ( x )=( 14,900 ) ( 0.001 ) + (−100 )( 0.999 )
E ( x )=−85

The negative value means that one loses money on the average. In particular,
someone who buy tickets, and although has a chance to win losses ₱85.00 per
ticket purchased.

Meanwhile, having a friend like Romulo who are ready to help you or to advise
you in time of need is a precious one. He is a kind of friend who does not insist
on what he wants but let his friend decide on his own after giving a piece of
advice. You are blessed if you will find a true friend that you can rely on. Having
a true friend is wealth.
ENGAGEMENT Read each situation carefully to solve each problem.
What is more Raffle for a Cause
F. Developing A raffle is held to raise funds for a charity event. A raffle ticket costs ₱150.00
mastery (leads and there are two thousand tickets to be sold. Only one ticket holder will win a
to Formative prize of ₱150, 000. 00. Construct the probability distribution of the discrete
Assessment 3) random variable, compute for the expected value, and interpret the result.

Colored Wheel
 A roulette wheel is divided into eight colors blue, red, yellow, green, orange,
violet, black, and white. Each time roulette is spun, you can have a bet of
₱10.00. If the outcome is either black, blue, or violet you will lose the bet. But if
the outcome is red or yellow, your money will be doubled (you will win additional
₱10.00 plus your bet), and if it is green or orange you will win nothing and your
bet will be given to you. But if the result is white, your money will be tripled (you
will win an additional ₱20.00 plus your bet. If X denotes the net gain of a player
what is the expected value of a ₱10.00 bet?

Body Parts Insurance

An insurance company will sell a ₱500,000.00 one-year term leg insurance
policy for ramp models for a premium of ₱1,000.00. Find the expected value to
the company of a single policy if a model has a 99.97% chance of being
uninjured in one year?

What I can do/

What else I can Raffle for a Cause!
do Things to do:
G. Finding Make a plan for a Christmas raffle bonanza in which the PWD (Person with
practical Disability) will be the beneficiaries. The plan should consist of the number of
application of tickets to be sold, the amount per ticket, and the number of winners and their
concepts and corresponding prizes. Let X be the random variable representing your net gain
skills in daily per ticket, and compute the expected value of X and the net gain if all tickets will
living be sold out. Also, using your creativity prepare a sample of your ticket.

Rubrics
ASSIMILATION Complete the following statements by writing the correct word or words and
What I have formulas.
learned 1.) The mean of a discrete random variable X is also called _________.
H. Making 2.) The expected values is the ____________ value of a random variable is
generalizations ____________.
and abstractions 3.) The formula to find the mean or expected value of a discrete random
about the lesson variable is _____________.
4.) The _________ and _________ of a discrete random variable X indicate
the variability of X over a large number of experiments or trials
5.) In your own words, write the different steps on how you can solve real-
life problems involving mean or expected value.

What I can Choose the letter of the best answer.

achieve 1.) What of the following best described the expected value of a probability
I. Evaluating distribution?
learning a. It measures the variability of the values assumed by the random
variables.
b. It gives the difference between the highest and lowest values
assumed by
c. the random variables
d. It is the square root of the variance of the probability distribution.
e. It is the average value of a random variable over numerous trials
of an experiment.
For numbers 2-3, refer to the problem: You buy three ₱1,000.00 raffle tickets
for a prize of a new 20-passenger Sarao jeepney valued at ₱800, 000.00.
Two thousand tickets are sold.
2.) What is the probability of winning the prize in the purchase of three
tickets?
1
a.
2000
2
b.
2000
3
c.
2000
4
d.
2000
3.) What is the probability tha you will NOT win the prize?
3
a.
2000
97
b.
2000
 997
c.
2000
1997
d.
2000
For numbers 4-5, refer to the problem: A roulette wheel in an amusement
park has the numbers 1 through 60. If you bet ₱100.00 for a randomly
chosen number from 1 to 60, you will have a chance to win a cellular phone
worth ₱5,000.00.
4.) What is the mean or the expected value for those who take a bet?
a. −10.12
b. −15.40
c. −16.67
d. −18.25
5.) How much will the organizer earn if 100 games will be played?
a. ₱50,000.00
b. ₱100,000.00
c. ₱150,000.00
d. ₱250,000.00
J. Additional activities Study and analyze each situation to solve the problem.
for application or Business Opportunity
remediation The net gain for a day of Joy in a Cup Bread and Pastry Shop depends on the
number of cupcakes sold within a day. If X is the amount of income within a day
for five consecutive days. Compute the mean or expected earnings for a day
and the variance. The probability of X is shown below.
x 5000 4500 4000 3500 3000
P(x ) 0.20 0.16 0.31 0.17 0.16

Investment
A person may earn ₱100,000.00 by investing in the stocks of an international
company with a probability of 0.40 or lose ₱35,000.00 over the same period with
a probability of 0.60. Let X denote the net gain of a person who will invest in the
company, construct the probability distribution of X , and compute for the
expected value of a person who will invest in the same company. Interpret the
result.

V. REMARKS
VI. REFLECTION
A. No. of learners who CSS 1 – 48/50
earned 80% in the HUMSS 3 – 48/59
evaluation BP 3 – 44/46
BP 1 – 50/50
BP 4 – 42/48
B. No. of learners who CSS 1 – 2/50
require additional HUMSS 3 – 11/59
activities for BP 3 – 2/46
remediation who BP 1 – 0/50
scored below 80% BP 4 – 6/48
C. Did the remedial Yes.
lessons work? No. of CSS 1 – 2/2
learners who have HUMSS 3 – 7/11
caught up with the BP 3 – 1/2
lesson BP 1 – 0/0
BP 4 – 3/6
D. No. of learners CSS 1 – 0/2
who continue to HUMSS 3 – 4/11
require remediation BP 3 – 1/2
BP 1 – 0/0
BP 4 – 3/6
E. Which of my By using collaborative learning, the class was divided into groups to perform a
 teaching strategies
task such as solving a word problem, discussing with the class the mistakes of
worked well? Why did
others, and presenting their answers in front of the class
these work?
F. What difficulties did
I encounter which my
None
principal or supervisor
can help me solve?
G. What innovation or
localized materials did
I use/discover which I None
wish to share with
other teachers?

Prepared by:

NICKOLAS V. TOLENTINO
Teacher II

Checked by:

JENNALYN R. FRAGATA, MAEd

Subject Group Head – Math Department

Approved:

BELINDA C. LOYOLA
Principal IV
 E.T. TIRONA MEMORIAL
School NATIONAL INTEGRATED HIGH Grade Level 11
SCHOOL
STATISTICS
GRADE 11 Teacher NICKOLAS V. TOLENTINO Learning Area AND
IDEA Exemplar PROBABILITY
February 22, 2024
Teaching CSS 1 M-TH 6:50 – 7:40 MIDTERM –
Dates and HUMSS 3
BP 3
M-TH
M-TH
9:20 – 10:10
10:30 – 11:20
Quarter SECOND
Time BP 1 M-TH 1:00 – 1:50 SEMESTER
BP 4 M-TH 1:50 – 2:40

I. OBJECTIVE SESSION 4
1. Content The learner demonstrates understanding of normal probability distribution.
Standards
2. Performance The learner is able to accurately formulate and solve real-life problems in
Standards different disciplines involving normal distribution.
3. Most Essential The learner illustrates normal random variable and its characteristics.
Learning (M11/12SP-IIIc-1)
Competencies
At the end of this session, the learners will be able to:
Objectives 1. Define a normal random variable;
2. Illustrate a normal random variable and its characteristics;
3. State and apply the concepts of the empirical rule or 68%-95%-99.7% of
the distribution; and
4. Foster curiosity in exploring different methods and strategies to identify
possible values.
II. CONTENT Illustrating a Normal Random Variable and its Characteristics
III. LEARNING
RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s
Guide
2. Learner’s CLMD PIVOT 4A Statistics and Probability Module pp. 119-131
Materials
3. Textbook
4. Additional
Materials from
Learning
Resources (LR)
portal
B. Other Learning Slides Deck, Chalkboard
Resources
IV. PROCEDURES
COI No.
INTRODUCTION INQUIRY-BASED
What I Need to
Know/What I Choose the letter of the best answer.
know
1.) The total area under the normal curve is _________.
A. Reviewing
previous lesson a. −1
or presenting the b. 0
new lesson c. 0.5
d. 1
2.) Which part of the normal curve is extended indefinitely in both directions
along the horizontal axis, approaching but never touching it?
a. Center
b. Tail
c. Top
 d. Spread
3.) Which of the following statements is CORRECT about the shape of the
normal curve?
a. The shape of the normal curve is based on the given Mean and
Standard Deviation of the distribution.
b. The shape of the normal curve is based on the given Mean and
Median of the distribution.
c. The shape of the normal curve is based on the given area and
standard Deviation of the distribution.
d. All of the above
4.) According to the 68%-95%-99.7% rule or better known as an empirical
rule, the standard deviation and mean interval that covers approximately
95% of the data from a frequency distribution is____
a. 2 μ± 2 σ
b. μ ± σ
c. μ ± 2σ
d. μ ±3 σ
5.) Suppose the distribution of data about the recovered victims of COVID
19 daily has a mean of 145 and a standard deviation of 22. How many
standard deviations away from the mean is a value of 101?
a. It is one standard deviation above the mean.
b. It is one standard deviation below the mean.
c. It is two standard deviations above the mean.
d. It is two standard deviations below the mean.

What is New Read the following statements carefully and determine whether it is TRUE or
B. Establishing a FALSE. Write the word TRUE if it is correct and FALSE if it is incorrect, then
purpose for the modify the statement to make it true.
lesson
1.) Probability is the value greater than or equal to zero but less than or
equal to one.
2.) Discrete variables are the infinite numerical values like heights, weights,
distance and length.
3.) 34% is also equal to 0.34.
4.) Mean, mode and standard deviation are the measures of central
tendency.
5.) Mean is equal to the summation of scores divided by the number of
cases.
DEVELOPMENT The distribution of the height (X) in centimeter (cm) of the 16 teachers of
What is in SCNHS was presented below. Construct a histogram for the random variable ( X
C. Presenting ).
examples/ X F
instances of the 138 1
new lesson 139 2
140 3
141 4
142 3
143 2
144 1

The following items show four pictures captured by the author during his travel in
the different places and constructed using GeoGebra application which
 represents a common object. Analyze the group of pictures carefully then
identify the common object they represent. Write your answer by filling in the
empty boxes below each item. A hint is also provided for you.

Can you define or describe each word that you have obtained?
1.) _________________________________________
2.) _________________________________________
3.) _________________________________________
4.) _________________________________________
5.) _________________________________________

Normal Probability Distribution is a probability distribution of continuous

What is it
random variables. It shows graphical representations of random variables
D. Discussing
obtained through measurement like the height and weight of the students, the
new concepts
percentile ranks of the A&E (Accreditation and Equivalency) Test result of the
and practicing
Alternative Learning System students, or any data with infinite values. It is used
new skills # 1
to describe the characteristics of populations and help us visualize the
inferences we make about the population. It also used to determine the
probabilities and percentile of the continuous random variables in the
distribution. For example, your grades in Mathematics is one of the scores in the
distribution, you can predict the location of that score in the distribution and
interpret it with regards to the mean and standard deviation.

Properties of Normal Curve

1.) The normal curve is bell-shaped.
2.) The curve is symmetrical about its center. This means that, if we draw a
segment from the peak of the curve down to the horizontal axis, the
segment divides the normal curve into two equal parts or areas.
3.) The mean, median, and mode coincide at the center. This also means
that in a normal distribution, or a distribution described by a normal
curve, the mean, median, and mode are equal.
4.) The width of the curve is determined by the standard deviation of the
distribution.
5.) The tails of the curve are plotted in both directions and flatten out
indefinitely along the horizontal axis. The tails are thus asymptotic to the
baseline. A portion of the graph that is asymptotic to a reference axis or
another graph is called an asymptote, always approaching another but
never touching it.
6.) The total area under a normal curve is 1. This means that the normal
curve represents the probability, or the proportion, or the percentage
associated with specific sets of measurement values.
To visualize and understand the properties/characteristics of a normal curve,
refer to figure 2, as shown below.
A normally distributed random variable with a mean µ = 0 and standard
deviation ơ = 1 is called a standard normal variable. It is presented using
standard normal distribution where the center of the curve is zero, which is
mean and added one unit from the center to the right and subtract one unit from
the center to the left.

The shape of a normal curve is based on the two given parameters, the mean
and the standard deviation of the distribution. When comparing two distributions
each described by the normal curve, the following are the three situations based
on the said parameters.

a.) When the means are not equal, but the standard deviations are equal.
( μ1 ≠ μ2 ; σ 1=σ 2), the curves have a similar shape but centered at different points,
as shown in figure 4.

b.) When the means are equal, but the standard deviations are equal.
( μ1=μ2 ; σ 1 ≠ σ 2), the curves are centered at the same point but they have
different height and spreads as shown in figure 5.

c.) When the means are different and the standard deviations are also different (
μ1 ≠ μ2 ; σ 1 ≠ σ 2), the curves are centered at different points and vary in shapes,
as shown in figure 6.
Empirical Rule
The empirical rule is better known as 68% - 95% - 99.70% rule. This rule states
that the data in the distribution lies within one (1), two (2), and three (3) of the
standard deviation from the mean are approximately 68%, 95%, and 99.70%,
respectively. Since the area of a normal curve is equal to 1 or 100% as stated
on its characteristics, there are only a few data which is 0.30% falls outside the
3-standard deviation from the mean. For instance, the distribution of the grades
of the Senior High School students in Statistics and Probability for the Third
Quarter is shown below in Figure 7.

Using the empirical rule, you can say that the distribution of the grades of the
Senior High School in Statistics and Probability are distributed normally because
the shape of the graph is bell-shaped and symmetric about its mean, which is
87. This also indicates that most of the students’ grades fall close to the mean
and fewer of them are far below and/or above the mean It can summarize the
distribution in the following percentage:
 68% of data lies within 1 standard deviation from the mean have a grade
of 83 to 91
 95% of data lies within 2 standard deviations from the mean have a
grade of 79 to 95
 99.70% of data lies within 3 standard deviations from the mean have a
grade of 75 to 99

Example #1
The scores of the Senior High School students in their Statistics and Probability
quarterly examination are normally distributed with a mean of 35 and a standard
deviation of 5.
1.) What percent of the scores are between 30 and 40?
2.) What scores fall within 95% of the distribution?

Solution:
Draw a standard normal curve and plot the mean at the center. Then, add the
standard deviation to the mean once and mark it to the right of the mean. Add
 twice the standard deviation to the mean and put it to the right of the first sum.
Then, add thrice the standard deviation to the mean and mark it to the right of
the second sum. Do the same to the left. This time, instead of adding, subtract
the standard deviation from the mean. An illustration is provided below in figure
7:

Answers:
1.) The scores 30 to 40 falls within the first standard deviation from the
mean. Therefore, the scores that fall between 30 and 40 is approximately
68% of the distribution.
2.) Since 95% of the distribution lies within 2 standard deviations from the
mean, then the scores corresponding to this area of the distribution are
scores from 25 up to 45.
Example #2
The district nurse of Candelaria East needs to measure the BMI (Body Mass
Index) of the Alternative Learning System students. She found out that the
heights of male students are normally distributed with a mean of 160 cm and a
standard deviation of 7 cm. Find the percentage of male students whose height
is within 153 cm to 174 cm.

Solution:
The mean of this problem is 160, it is subtracted by 7 to the left (e.g. 160 -7 =
153; 153-7 = 146; 146 – 7 = 139) and add 7 to the right. (e.g. 160 + 7 = 167; 167
+ 7 = 174 + 7 = 181).

As stated in figure 8, 153 cm falls at 1 standard deviation from the mean to the
left and the height of 174 cm falls at 2 standard deviations from the mean to the
right. Therefore, it covers the whole 68% and 13.5%. of the distribution and the
sum of it is 81.5%

Answer:
81.5% of the male students have a height between 153 cm to 174 cm.

ENGAGEMENT Activity 1: True or False. Write the word TRUE if the statement is correct and
What is more FALSE if the statement is incorrect.
D. Developing 1.) The total area of the normal curve is 1.
mastery (leads 2.) Normal probability distribution is used to determine the probabilities of a
to Formative discrete random variable.
Assessment 3) 3.) The mean, median and mode in a normal distribution have the same
value.
4.) The distance of the number in the horizontal line or the x−¿ axis should
always be proportional.
5.) The normal probability distribution has a mean μ=1 and standard
deviation σ =0.

Activity 2: Use Empirical rule to complete the following table. Write on the
respective column the range or interval of the scores based on the given
parameters.
Mean Standard 68 % 95 % 99.7 %
Deviation
Ex. 50 3 47 to 53 44 to 56 41 to 59
1 135 28
2 87 5.5
3 213 15
4 567 20
5 785 29
What I can do/
Make a Survey
What else I can
Materials Needed
do
1.) Cell phone
E. Finding
2.) Computer/Laptop
practical
3.) Pen/Pencil
application of
4.) Calculator
concepts and
5.) Short Bond Paper
skills in daily
living
Instructions:
1. Contact at least 20 of your classmates through SMS or messenger apps.
2. Ask them for the result of their pre-test (What I Know) or pre-assessment of
this module
3. Compute the mean and standard deviation of the collected data includes your
own score.
4. Use the empirical rule, to answer the following questions
a. What is the interval or range of scores falls within 68%?
b. What is the interval or range of scores falls within 95%?
c. What is the interval or range of scores falls within 99.7%?
d. What is the interval or range of scores falls within 81.5%?
e. In which interval away from the mean does your score belong?
5. Illustrate the distribution of the data you obtained from this survey through a
diagram and put a mark on the interval where your score located.

ASSIMILATION 1.) A normal random variable is a set of a numerical value of continuous

What I have random variables which is normally distributed.
learned 2.) Normal Distribution is a probability distribution of continuous random
F. Making variables. It also represents the probability, or the proportion, or the
generalizations percentage associated with specific sets of measurement values.
and abstractions 3.) A normal curve has the following characteristics:
about the lesson a. It should be bell-shaped and symmetric about its center.
b. Both sides of the tails of a normal curve do not touch the
horizontal axis.
c. In the horizontal axis, use 0 at the center where the mean is
located and use 1, 2, and 3 to the right and -1, -2 and -3 to the
left. But still, remember there is an integral part of each number.
However, it is not limited to the -3 and 3, it is extended
indefinitely.
d. The distances between numbers in the horizontal line or the x-
axis are always equal.
 4.) Empirical rule. This rule states that the data in the distribution lies within
the 1, 2, and 3 of the standard deviation of the mean.
5.) Sixty-eight percent (68%) of data lies within 1 standard deviation from
the mean.
6.) Ninety-five percent (95%) of data lies within the 2-standard deviation
from the mean.
7.) Ninety-nine and seven-tenths percent (99.70%) of data lies within the 3-
standard deviation from the mean.

Choose the letter of the best answer.

What I can 1.) What is the shape of a Normal Probability Distributions?
achieve a. Bar
G. Evaluating b. Bell
learning c. Circle
d. Line
2.) Which of the following statements is the characteristic of a normal
probability distribution?
a. The three measures of central tendency such as mean, mode,
and median are equal.
b. The three measures of central tendency such as mean, mode,
and median are not equal
c. The two measures of central tendency such as mean and mode
are equal while the median is greater than zero
d. The two measures of central tendency such as mean and mode
are equal while the median is less than zero.
3.) Based on the empirical rule, the bell-shaped distribution will have
approximately 68% of the data within what number of standard
deviations of the mean?
a. 0
b. 1
c. 2
d. 3
4.) If the mean and the standard deviation of a continuous random variable
that is normally distributed are 10 and 3, respectively, find an interval that
contains 99.7% of the distribution.
a. [ 7 , 16 ]
b. [ 4 ,16 ]
c. [ 7 , 17 ]
d. [1, 19]
5.) The first quarterly assessment result of Grade 11- STEM students in
their Statistics and Probability subject had scored with a mean of 40 and
a standard deviation of 8. A histogram of the data shows that the
distribution is normal. Use the Empirical Rule to find the percentage of
scores between 24 and 48.
a. 13.5 %
b. 68 %
c. 81.5 %
d. 95 %
H. Additional activities Read the following problems carefully. Apply the empirical rule and illustrate
for application or your answer through a diagram.
remediation
1.) IQ scores of the ALS students in the Division of Quezon are normally
distributed with a mean of 110 and a standard deviation of 10.
a. What percent of the distribution falls within the IQ scores of 100
to 130?
b. What percent of the distribution falls within the IQ scores of 90 to
140?
2.) A normal distribution of data has a mean of 78 and a standard deviation
of 9.
 a. What scores fall within 68% of the distribution?
b. What scores fall within 95% of the distribution?
V. REMARKS
VI. REFLECTION
A. No. of learners who CSS 1 – 44/50
earned 80% in the HUMSS 3 – 51/59
BP 3 – 40/46
evaluation BP 1 – 49/50
BP 4 – 40/48
B. No. of learners who CSS 1 – 6/50
require additional HUMSS 3 – 8/59
activities for BP 3 – 6/46
remediation who BP 1 – 1/50
BP 4 – 8/48
scored below 80%
C. Did the remedial Yes.
lessons work? No. of CSS 1 – 4/6
HUMSS 3 – 4/8
learners who have BP 3 – 3/6
caught up with the BP 1 – 1/1
lesson BP 4 – 3/8
D. No. of learners CSS 1 – 2/6
who continue to HUMSS 3 – 4/8
BP 3 – 3/6
require remediation BP 1 – 0/1
BP 4 – 5/8
E. Which of my
By discussing every possible variation of a normal curve and illustrating each;
teaching strategies
also by having themselves understand the easiness of using the empirical rule in
worked well? Why did
solving for the area under the normal curve and its boundaries.
these work?
F. What difficulties did
I encounter which my
None
principal or supervisor
can help me solve?
G. What innovation or
localized materials did
I use/discover which I None
wish to share with
other teachers?

Prepared by:

NICKOLAS V. TOLENTINO
Teacher II

Checked by:

JENNALYN R. FRAGATA, MAEd

Subject Group Head – Math Department

Approved:

BELINDA C. LOYOLA
Principal IV