What, Approximately, Is The Average Height of The Tropopause Over The Equator ?

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Participant: CASEY, CASEY
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Licence: FLIGHT OPERATIONS OFFICER
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Examination: 050 METEOROLOGY
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1 What, approximately, is the average height of the tropopause over the equator ?
16 km
8 km
11 km
40 km
Origin ID: 2 Maximum attainable 1.00

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2 What is the boundary layer between troposphere and stratosphere called?
Tropopause.
Atmosphere.
Ionosphere.
Stratosphere.

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3 A temperature of +15°C is recorded at an altitude of 500 metres above sea level. If the
vertical temperature gradient is that of a standard atmosphere, what will the
temperature be at the summit of a mountain, 2500 metres above sea level?
+2°C
-2°C
0°C
+4°C

Theme 50.1.2.1 Vertical distribution of temperature Reached points 1.00
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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
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4 Convective activity over land in mid-latitudes is greatest in
summer during the night and early morning.
summer in the afternoon.
winter during the night and early morning.
winter in the afternoon.

Theme 50.1.2.2 Transfer of heat: Reached points 1.00
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5 The dry adiabatic lapse rate has a value of
1°C/100m
2°C/1000FT
0.5°C/100m
0.65°C/100m

Theme 50.1.2.3 Lapse rate, stability and instability Reached points 0.00
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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
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6 A significant inversion at low height is a characteristic of
cumulus clouds
the passage of cold front
nocturnal radiation
advection fog

Theme 50.1.2.4 Development of inversions, inversions Reached points 1.00
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7 You plan a flight over a mountain range at a true altitude of 15000 FT/AMSL. The air is
on an average 15°C colder than ISA, the pressure at sea level is 1003 hPa. What
approximate indication should the altimeter (setting 1013.2 hPa) read?
13830 FT.
16230 FT.
14370 FT.
15690 FT.

Theme 50.1.6.1 Pressure altitude, density altitude, true alt. Reached points 0.00
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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
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8 You are flying at FL 340 (250 hPa) on the northern hemisphere. The wind is
geostrophic and there is a cross wind from the right all the time. Your true altitude will
increase
decrease, only if the pressure at the surface is decreasing on your route
decrease
increase, only if the temperature at your flight level is rising on your route

Theme 50.1.6.1 Pressure altitude, density altitude, true alt. Reached points 1.00
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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
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9 The geostrophic wind speed is directly proportional to the
horizontal pressure gradient
sine of latitude
density of the air
curvature of isobars

Theme 50.2.2.1 Primary cause of wind, pressure gradient, Reached points 1.00
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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
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10 What characteristics will the surface winds have in an area where the isobars on the
weather map are very close together?
Very weak but gusty and flowing across the isobars.
Moderate and flowing parallel to the isobars.
Strong and flowing parallel to the isobars.
Strong and flowing across the isobars.

Theme 50.2.2.2 Relationship between isobars and wind Reached points 1.00
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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
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11 How, if at all, is the relative humidity of an unsaturated air mass influenced by

temperature changes?
It is only influenced by the amount of water vapour.
It increases with increasing temperature.
It is not influenced by temperature changes.
It decreases with increasing temperature.

Theme 50.3.1.2 Temperature/dewpoint, mixing ratio, Reached points 0.00
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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
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12 Supercooled droplets can occur in
precipitation but not in clouds
clouds but not in precipitation
clouds, fog and precipitation
clouds but not in fog

Theme 50.3.2.1 Condensation, evaporation, sublimation, Reached points 1.00
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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
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13 In a layer of air the decrease in temperature per 100 metres increase in height is more
than 1°C. This layer can be described as being
conditionally stable
absolutely stable
absolutely unstable
conditionally unstable

Theme 50.3.3.1 Adiabatic processes Reached points 1.00
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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
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14 A layer in which the temperature decreases with 1°C per 100m increasing altitude is
conditionally unstable
absolutely unstable
absolutely stable
neutral for dry air

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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
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15 A parcel of unsaturated air is forced to rise through an isothermal layer. So long as it

remains unsaturated, the temperature of the parcel
decreases 1°C per 100 m
becomes equal to the temperature of the isothermal layer
remains constant
decreases 0.65°C per 100 m

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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
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16 What process in an air mass leads to the creation of wide spread NS and AS cloud
coverage?
Sinking
Radiation
Lifting
Convection process

Theme 50.4.1.1 Cooling by adiabatic exp. by advection Reached points 0.00
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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
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17 Rising air cools because
surrounding air is cooler at higher levels
it becomes more moist
it contracts
it expands

Theme 50.4.1.1 Cooling by adiabatic exp. by advection Reached points 0.00
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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
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18
Which one of the displayed cloud forms is representative of a cumulonimbus
capillatus?

Theme 50.4.1.2 Cloud types, cloud classification Reached points 0.00
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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
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19 Advection fog is most likely to form when
a mild moist airstream flows over snow covered ground and the wind speed is less
than 10 kt
cold air is forced over higher ground and further adiabatic cooling occurs
cold maritime air flows over a warmer surface and the wind speed is greater than
15 kt
warm maritime air flows over a relatively warmer surface and the wind speed is
greater than 15 kt

Theme 50.4.2.2 Advection fog Reached points 0.00
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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
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20 Which of the following sets of conditions are most likely to lead to the formation of
advection fog?
Clear skies at night over an inland marshy area
A mild moist airstream flowing over colder surfaces with the wind speed less than
15 kt
A mild moist airstream flowing over colder surfaces with a wind in excess of 30 kt
Cold maritime air flowing over a warmer land surface at a speed greater than 15 kt

Theme 50.4.2.2 Advection fog Reached points 0.00
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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
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21 How does freezing rain develop?
Snow falls through a layer where temperatures are above 0°C
Through melting of ice crystals
Rain falls through a layer where temperatures are below 0°C
Through melting of snow grains

Theme 50.5.2.1 Types of precipitation, Reached points 0.00
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22 What type of cloud can produce hail showers?
AC
NS
CS
CB

Theme 50.5.2.1 Types of precipitation, Reached points 0.00
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23
The air mass affecting position "R" is most likely to be
Polar Continental
Polar Maritime
Tropical Maritime
Tropical Continental

Theme 50.6.1.2 Classification of airmasses, mods. Reached points 0.00
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24
What change in pressure, will occur at point A, during the next hour?
Approximately constant pressure
Irregular fluctuations
A rise in pressure
A drop in pressure

Theme 50.6.2.3 Cold front, associated clouds and weather Reached points 0.00
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25
The weather most likely to be experienced at position "B" is
frequent showers of rain or snow
early morning fog lifting to low stratus later
poor visibility in anticyclonic circulation
advection fog and drizzle

Theme 50.6.2.5 Weather behind the cold front Reached points 0.00
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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
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26 What characterizes a stationary front ?
The surface wind usually has its direction parallel to the front
The surface wind usually has its direction perpendicular to the front
The warm air moves at approximately half the speed of the cold air
The weather conditions that it originates is a combination between those of an

intense cold front and those of a warm and very active front

Theme 50.6.2.7 Stationary front, assoc. clouds & weather Reached points 0.00
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27 When are the rainy seasons in equatorial Africa?
March to May and August to October.
April to July and December to February.
March to May and October to November.
December to February and July to October.

Theme 50.8.2.2 Seasonal variations of weather and wind, Reached points 0.00
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28 Which wind systems converge on the ITCZ, when it lies at the equator?
SW monsoon and NW monsoon
SW monsoon and NW trade winds
NW monsoon and SW trade winds
SE trade winds and NE trade winds

Theme 50.8.2.3 Intertropical convergence (ITCZ), weather Reached points 0.00
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29
Considering the route indicated from Lisbon to Freetown, the Harmattan is a
NE wind affecting north-west Africa during November to April reducing visibility in

rising dust.
SW monsoonal wind causing extensive areas of advection fog along the West
African coast south of 15°N.
localised depression giving squally winds.
warm southerly dust-bearing wind affecting the coast of North Africa.

Theme 50.8.4.1 Local seasonal weather and wind- Reached points 0.00
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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
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30 Under which conditions would you expect the heaviest clear ice accretion to occur in a
CB?
Between -30°C and -40°C
Close to the freezing level

Theme 50.9.1.2 Types of ice accretion Reached points 0.00
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31 Low level vertical wind shear can be expected during the night
and early morning only in winter
and early morning only in summer
in association with radiation inversions
in unstable atmospheres

Theme 50.9.3.2 Weather conditions for horiz. windshears Reached points 0.00
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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
32 What are squall lines?
Bands of intensive thunderstorms.
Unusual intensive cold fronts.
The surface weather associated with upper air troughs.
The paths of tropical revolving storms.

Theme 50.9.4.1 Structure of thunderstorms, squall lines, Reached points 0.00
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33 At the surface the lifetime of a typical microburst and the diameter of the area affected
by damaging winds are in the order of
5-10 minutes and 12 km

Theme 50.9.4.4 Development and effect of downbursts Reached points 0.00
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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
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34 On which of the following aviation weather charts can a pilot most easily find a
jetstream?
Surface chart.
Wind / temperature chart.
Upper air chart.
Significant weather chart.

Theme 50.10.2.1 Charts of significant weather, tropopause, maximum Reached points 0.00
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B B Y Y3 3/4/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
35 Which weather chart gives information about icing ?
700 hPa chart
500 hPa chart
Significant weather chart
Surface chart

Theme 50.10.2.1 Charts of significant weather, tropopause, maximum Reached points 0.00
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36 TAF HKNW 030415 Z 0515 24005 KT 8000 DZRA BKN004 OVC080 TEMPO 0608 6000M
BKN010 +RA GRADU 1012 15010 KT 9999 SCT006 BKN020 RAPID 1415 22010 G 25 KT
5000M +TSSH BKN009 CB
Which predominant cloud type would you expect at 0600 Z
Nimbostratus
Stratocumulus
Towering cumulus
Cumulonimbus

Theme 50.10.3.1 Aeronautical codes:METAR, TAF, SPECI, SIGMET, SNOW
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37 The TAF weather messages are
hourly or semi-hourly weather observations
special weather observations
airport forecasts
landing forecasts of the "trend" type

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38 What does the term METAR signify?
A METAR signifies the actual weather report at an aerodrome and is generally

issued in half-hourly intervals.
A METAR is a warning of dangerous meteorological conditions within a FIR.
A METAR is a flight forecast, issued by the meteorological station several times

daily.
A METAR is a landing forecast added to the actual weather report as a brief

prognostic report.

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39 Runway visual range can be reported in
a METAR
both a TAF and a METAR
a SIGMET
a TAF

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40 What is the lowest forecast visibility that can be expected during an approach into
Madrid at 2300 UTC ?
TAF LEMD 281200Z 281812 13005KT CAVOK TEMPO 1821 8000 SCT020 SCT030
BECMG 2123 21005KT 9999 SCT015 BKN080 PROB40 TEMPO 2306 6000 SCT008
6000 metres
10 kilometres or more
8000 metres
Greater than 10 kilometres

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What, Approximately, Is The Average Height of The Tropopause Over The Equator ?

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What, Approximately, Is The Average Height of The Tropopause Over The Equator ?

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F T ra n sf o F T ra n sf o

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2 What is the boundary layer between troposphere and stratosphere called?

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4 Convective activity over land in mid-latitudes is greatest in

summer during the night and early morning.

summer in the afternoon.

winter during the night and early morning.

winter in the afternoon.

Origin ID: 27 Maximum attainable 1.00

5 The dry adiabatic lapse rate has a value of

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6 A significant inversion at low height is a characteristic of

the passage of cold front

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decrease, only if the pressure at the surface is decreasing on your route

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9 The geostrophic wind speed is directly proportional to the

horizontal pressure gradient

density of the air

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Very weak but gusty and flowing across the isobars.

Moderate and flowing parallel to the isobars.

Strong and flowing parallel to the isobars.

Strong and flowing across the isobars.

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11 How, if at all, is the relative humidity of an unsaturated air mass influenced by

It is only influenced by the amount of water vapour.

It increases with increasing temperature.

It is not influenced by temperature changes.

It decreases with increasing temperature.

Origin ID: 34 Maximum attainable 1.00

12 Supercooled droplets can occur in

precipitation but not in clouds

clouds but not in precipitation

clouds, fog and precipitation

clouds but not in fog

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neutral for dry air

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15 A parcel of unsaturated air is forced to rise through an isothermal layer. So long as it

decreases 1°C per 100 m

becomes equal to the temperature of the isothermal layer

decreases 0.65°C per 100 m

Origin ID: 728 Maximum attainable 1.00

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17 Rising air cools because

surrounding air is cooler at higher levels

it becomes more moist

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19 Advection fog is most likely to form when

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Clear skies at night over an inland marshy area

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21 How does freezing rain develop?

Snow falls through a layer where temperatures are above 0°C

Through melting of ice crystals

Rain falls through a layer where temperatures are below 0°C

Through melting of snow grains

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22 What type of cloud can produce hail showers?

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