Participant: Licence: Examination: Date 3 Flug, Flug Ppla 140-Human Performance and Limitation 4/17/2013

F T ra n sf o F T ra n sf o
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Participant: FLUG, FLUG
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Examination: 140-Human Performance and limitation
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1 Two pilots, both seated at the controls and qualified on type, have just commenced a
flight when they experience an engine failure. Who should take control of the aircraft?
The pilot in the left-hand seat
The Captain
The pilot who, during the pre-flight briefing on emergencies, the captain agreed
should take over control in such a situation
The more experienced of the two
Origin ID: 216 Maximum attainable 1.00

Theme 1.1.3 Flight safety concepts Reached points 0.00
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2 Complete the following statement. At altitude the pressure of oxygen in the

atmosphere is:
The same as at mean seal level (MSL)
Unaffected, as partial pressure is independent of altitude
lower than at MSL
Higher than at MSL

Theme 1.2.1.1 The atmosphere Reached points 1.00
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3 Complete the following statement. The International Standard Atmosphere (ISA)

sea-level pressure is equal to:
50 inches of mercury
1013.25mb
1014.00 mb
1014.25 Hpa

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4 The proportion of oxygen in relation to other gases that comprise the atmosphere:
decreases with increased altitude.
increases with increased altitude.
varies exponentially with other constituent atmospheric gases.
remains constant throughout the atmosphere.

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5 Complete the following statement. In the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA), as

altitude increases in the Troposphere, temperature:
decreases
also increases
stays the same
will not be affected as it is independent of altitude

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6 If you have suffered prolonged exposure to exhaust gases, what period of time should
elapse before you pilot an aircraft?
12 hours
3 hours
A number of days
2 weeks

Theme 1.2.1.3 High altitude environment Reached points 1.00
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7 Complete the following statement. The condition whereby the body does not receive
enough oxygen to function correctly is known as:
Hypotension
Hyperglycemia
Hyperventilation
Hypoxia

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8 Above what altitude do pilots need to breath supplementary oxygen?
2,000ft
8,000ft
10,000ft
20,000ft

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9 Complete the following statement. A likely symptom, or likely symptoms, of Hypoxia

might be:
cyanosis
increased heart rate
formication
all of the above

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10 Complete the following statement. The effects of Hypoxia can be increased by:
increased altitude
increased temperature
alcohol
All of the above

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11 Complete the following statement. After SCUBA diving to a depth of just over 30ft,
using compressed air, it is recommended that person does not fly for:
48 hours
12 hours
24 hours
6 hours

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12 Hypermetropia is caused by a & & & & .. eyeball and treated by a & & & & lens
whereas Myopia is caused by a & & & & & .. eyeball and treated with a & & & & . Lens.
Shortened, convex, lengthened, concave
Lengthened, convex, shortened, concave
Lengthened, concave, shortened, convex
Shortened, concave, lengthened, convex

Theme 1.2.2.2 Vision Reached points 1.00
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13 Complete the following statement. The Fovea consists of:
cones only
cones and rods
no light cells-it is part of the blind spot
rods only

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14 Complete the following statement. As light falls on the Retina at increasing angels
from the Fovea the sharpness of central vision:
decreases
increases
remains the same
decreases at first and then returns to normal

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15 Two light aircraft are on a head on collision course with a closing speed of 280 kts.
Flight visibility is 4 kilometers. What would be the time available to either pilot to take
avoiding action, if visual contact were made at maximum visual range?
25 30 seconds
10 15 seconds
20 25 seconds
15 20 seconds

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16 Complete the following statement. The power of accommodation in an eye:
has nothing to do with the lens
is decreased as the elasticity of the lens decreases
is increased as the elasticity of he lens decreases
is not affected by the degree of elasticity of the lens

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17 Which of the following organs of the body supplies the single mist dependable source
of sensory information?
The Eye
The Neo-cortex
The Ear
The Nose

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18 In a Myopic eye, the eyeball is& & & & . than normal causing the image to fall& & & the
retina
longerbehind
longer in front of
shorterbehind
shorter in front of

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19 Completer the following statement. Hypermetropia and Myopia are normally caused
by:
stress
badly fitting spectacles
eye strain
a misshappened eye ball

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20 Where is the blind spot?
Where the optic nerve enters the Retina
On the edge of the Lens
On the Iris
On the Fovea

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21 Complete the following sentence. Loudness is measured in;
Cycles per second
Hertz
Pascals
Decibels

Theme 1.2.2.5 Integration of sensory inputs Reached points 1.00
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22 The frequency band that a healthy young person can hear is:
20 20,000 cycles per second

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23 What is the scientific name for the ear-drum?
The Cochlea
The Staples
The Tympanum
The Stirrup bone

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24 The Vestibular Apparatus detects ...................... acceleration:
Positive "g"
Linear
Angular and linear
Angular

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25 Complete the following sentence. When flying solo, a pilot who suspects he is
suffering from spatial disorientation should:
believe the indications of his instruments
swallow hard, pinch the nostrils and blow down the nose to clear the Eustachian
tube
blink rapidly several times
believe his somatosensory senses

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26 Complete the following statement. The Conductive System consist of:
The semi-circular canals and otoliths
The cochlea and Eustachian tube
The cochlea and the Mitus
The ear drum and ossicles

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27 Complete the following statement. Another name for "leans" is :-
The Somatogyral Illusion
The Oculogravic Effect
The Oculogyral Illusion
Ocular Disorientation

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28 Which of the following are ways to help avoid stress in the cockpit?
Having a cool drink at hand, at all times
Not allowing yourself to be rushed into acting before you are ready
Modifying your pre-flight plan whenever you feel you are off-track or behind time
All of the above

Theme 1.2.3.3 Problem areas for pilots Reached points 1.00
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29 Complete the following statement. The level of stress felt by an individual is

dependent on;
none of the above
Actual ability
Perceived demand
a combination of perceived demand and ability

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30 Complete the following statement. If a pilot is used to flying in relatively polluted or

hazy air and then flies in a very clear sky:
near objects may appear further away than they are
distant objects may appear closer than they are
distant objects may appear further away than they are
near objects may be mistaken for those further away

Theme 1.3.1 Human information processing Reached points 0.00
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31 Complete the following statement. To enable us to carry out functions requiring

multi-functioning, we must:
learn to block certain stimuli
learn skills thoroughly through our motor-programme faculty
use only reflex actions
train ourselves so that our Central Decision Maker can carry out several decisions
at once

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32 Which of the following will give the illusion that the aircraft is too low during an
approach?
A down-sloping runway
A brightly lit aerodrome in an otherwise dark area
An up-sloping runway
A narrower than normal runway

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33 It is generally accepted that the short-term memory can hold how may items and for
how long?
4 items for 15 seconds
7 items for 5-10 minutes
7 items for 10-20 seconds

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34 You are approaching an up-sloping runway with no visual approach aids, such as
VASIs or PAPIs. Which of the following statements would not apply to your situation?
A lower than normal approach may occur
There is a possibility of touching down in the undershoot area
a higher than normal approach may occur
Then runway may appear shorter than it actually is

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35 From the options below, choose the correct sequence of the various stages of the
reasoning process.
detection, perception, decisions taken, feedback, action
detection, feedback, decisions taken, action, perception
perception, action, feedback, detection, decisions taken
detection, perception, decisions taken, action, feedback

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36 The number of alcohol units consumed generally accepted as being the amount beyond
which significant physical damage may be sustained, is 21 for men and 14 for women per:
day.
fortnight.
month.
week.

Theme 2 Human Performance and Limitations-english Reached points 0.00
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37 Whilst maintaining a straight and level attitude, the process of accelerating may produce
the Sensation of pitching nose up, which requires the pilot to:
increase acceleration to reduce the exposure time to disorientation and concentrate on

cockpit management.
use common sense and make full use of vestibular information.
believe visual Information such as Instruments and/ or the real horizon and ignore any
vestibular and somatosensory derived Information.
ease the control column forward to correct the pitch up Sensation.

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38 The safest course of action for any pilot flying solo and experiencing spatial disorientation
would be to:
rely entirely on somatosensory (seat of the pants} information.
take motion sickness tablets under the supervision of a CAA medical examiner.
pay most attention to and trust the aircraft instruments.
dose the eyes, take some deep breaths and rest.

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39 A prominent cloud layer sloping across a flight path may result in.
the pilot becoming dizzy.
banking the aircraft.
flying in a circle.
disruption of the pilot's selective radial scan.

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A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
40 The immediate result of adrenaline being released into the bloodstream when the body is
initially subjected to stress is:
a reduced rate of breathing.
a decrease in the pulse rate.
stabilisation of the breathing rate.
an increased pulse rate.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
Participant: DOME, DOME
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
The Captain

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
2 Complete the following statement. The most appropriate time for a pilot to give
passengers an initial briefing on emergency procedures is:
During a pre-flight safety briefing
At the moment any emergency occurs; it is not necessary to worry them before
that
Just after take-off
While waiting at the hold for take-off

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
3 At any point during an instructional flight, the instructor may take control of the
aircraft to teach a manouvre or technique, and then hand control to the students so
that he can practice himself. What verbal communication should
occur?Instructor=IStudent=S
No verbal communication is necessary. As soon as the instructor wants to teach a

manouvre, the student should relinquish control
I: "have control" . Then, when the teach is complete, I: "You have control" . There
is no response needed from the student.
I: "have control" . S: "You have control" . Then, when the teach is

complete. I: "You have control".S: "I have control"
The instructor should ask ATC for permission before taking control

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
4 Which of the following is not a term used for the defined position of the pilot s eye?
Reference Eye Point
Bird s Eye View
Eye Datum
Design Eye Position

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
5 The three-needle type altimeter used in many light aircraft is:(i)Easy to

mis-read(ii)Hardly ever mis-read(iii)Accurate and reliable(iv)Not very accurate or
reliable
(ii) only
(i) and (iii)
(ii) and (iv)
(i) only

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
6 Which of the following is NOT a basic consideration governing the ay controls should
be both designed and arranged?
Important controls should be located in easily reached and un-obstructed

positions
Controls having different functions should both look and feel different
Controls should be standardized in location and sense of use from one aircraft to
the other
Controls should be standardized between aircraft, in terms of their shape and

materials

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c

atmosphere is:
lower than at MSL
Higher than at MSL

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
8 Complete the following statement. In the International Standard Atmosphere(ISA), as

altitude increases in the Troposphere, pressure:
will not be affected as pressure is independent of altitude
stays the same
decreases
also increases

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
9 Complete the following statement. At altitude, the volumetric proportion of oxygen in

the atmosphere is:
the same as at mean sea level (MSL)
dependent on the actual altitude
lower than at MSL
higher than at MSL

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
10 Complete the following statement. If the atmospheric pressure decreases, the partial
pressure of the oxygen in the atmosphere will:
not be affected as it is independent of atmospheric pressure
stay the same
decrease
increase

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c

stays the same
also increases
decreases

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
12 The pulse is generated by the contraction of which heart chamber?
Left Ventricle
Left Auricle
Right Ventricle
Right Auricle

Theme 1.2.1.2 Respiratory and circulatory systems Reached points 0.00
PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
13 Which organ controls all other bodily functions?
The heart
The Spinal Cord
The Lungs
The Brain

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c

might be:
unconsciousness
impaired judgment
tingling fingers and toes
all of the above

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
15 Complete the following statement with the most correct of the options, a), b), c), d).
Compared to a non-smoker, someone who smokes is likely to experience the effects
of hypoxia at:
any altitude
the same altitude
a lower altitude
a higher altitude

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c

might be:
cyanosis
increased heart rate
formication
all of the above

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
rods only
cones only
cones and rods

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
18 Complete the following statement. Empty Field Myopia is a condition where the eyes
naturally focus at a distance of approximately:
20 500 metres
infinity
at the horizon
1 2 meters

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
19 Complete the following statement. To lessen the danger of collision with an aircraft
which might be in a pilot s blind spot and closing on a constant relative bearing, the
pilot should:
roll the aircraft from right to left by a few degrees every 10 minutes or so
carry out a systematic look out at all times
carry out periodic clearing turns
change heading by a few degrees every 10 minutes or so

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
The Neo-cortex
The Ear
The Eye
The Nose

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
Pascals
Cycles per second
Hertz
Decibels

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
22 Complete the following statement. Presbycusis is an impairment of hearing due to:
Damage to the cochlea
Smoking
Damage to the semi-circular canals
Age

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
23 What is the scientific name for the ear-drum?
The Tympanum
The Staples
The Stirrup bone
The Cochlea

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
24 Complete the following sentence. If your Eustachian tube is blocked and you cannot
clear your ears, you should:
ground yourself until the condition causing the blocking of the Eustachian tube
has cleared up
Fly only as a passenger
Proceed with your flight but ensure that you swallow hard frequently
clear your nose with a nasal inhaler before flying

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
25 What is the most important sense for spatial orientation?
Sight
All senses play their part in situation awareness
"Seat of the pants"
Hearing and balance

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
26 What is noise induced hearing loss?
Loss of hearing due to damage to the ossicles.
Loss of hearing due to damage to the middle ear
Loss of hearing due to damage to the vestibular apparatus
Loss of hearing due to damage to the cochles

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
27 When the body does not have sufficient oxygen to meet its needs, the condition is known
as:
hypoxia.
hyperventilation.
hypsometrosis.
hyperpnoea.

Theme 1.2.3.2 Common minor ailments Reached points 0.00
PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
28 Which of the following may cause fainting?
A too rapid eye scan
A sudden shock
Over meticulous flight planning
All of the above

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
29 Being badly overweight increases a pilot s susceptibility to which of the following

conditions?
Hypoxia at higher altitudes
Hypothermia
Heart attack
All of the above

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
30 You are positioned short of the holding point and are in the middle of your pre take-off
checks when you receive clearance to take-off by ATC. The wisest course of action is:
Skip the last few items on your checklist and take-off as cleared
Rapidly run through your remaining checks, acknowledge ATC s clearance and
take-off
Ask ATC to "standby" and complete your checks properly, recommencing your
checks by going back over the last one or two previously completed items on your
check list
Ignore ATC, and finish your checks before replying

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c


PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
32 Complete the following statement. A false perception characterized by a distortion of

real sensory stimuli is known as:
hallucination
day-dreaming
mirage
boredom response

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
33 How may decisions can be made by the Central Decision maker at any one time?
Over 10
1 only
2 or 3
Up to 7

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
34 Which of the following will give the illusion that the aircraft is too low during an
approach?
A brightly lit aerodrome in an otherwise dark area
A down-sloping runway
An up-sloping runway
A narrower than normal runway

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
how long?

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
36 The parameter advised by the CAA Flight Safety Group regarding flight crew donating
blood is that they should not fly within ..............hours after giving blood or blood plasma.
Select the answer that correctly completes this Statement.
2 hours.
There is no such advisory time restriction provided the donation blood m any one
month is 600 millilitres or less.
6 hours.
24 hours.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
37 The safest course of action for any pilot flying solo and experiencing spatial disorientation
would be to:
rely entirely on somatosensory (seat of the pants} information.
take motion sickness tablets under the supervision of a CAA medical examiner.
pay most attention to and trust the aircraft instruments.
dose the eyes, take some deep breaths and rest.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
38 Approaching a runway that is significantly smaller than previously expected may be

perceived as being:
nearer than it actually is.
farther away than it actually is.
at its actual range.
longer than it actually is.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
39 Visual acuity is the capacity of the eye to determine small detail which is essential for the
early detection of distant oncoming aircraft The sharpest visual acuity occurs when the
retinal image is sharply focused on the …..(i).... so that the pilot.. (ii)... to look exactly in the
direction of the oncoming aircraft in order to detect it.
(i) (ii)
optic nerve does need
fovea does not need
fovea does need
iris does not need

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
40 The cockpit perspective of a down sloping runway is represented by illustration:

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
Participant: MAHA, MAHA
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
The Captain

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
2 You are preparing for a training flight with an instructor and cannot find your checklist.
You should:
Use a checklist for a different aircraft type
Take time to find the checklist at the risk of missing part of your airborne time
Perform the checks from memory
Rely on the instructor to point out anything that you might have missed

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
3 Which of the following occur when a pilot is sitting too high in a cockpit?(i)Good
downward outside view(ii)Poor view of instruments(iii)Upwards outside view
obstructed
(i), (ii) and (iii)
(i) only
(ii) and (iii) only
(i) and (ii) only

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
4 An analogue display is generally better than a digital display for showing which sort of
data?
Subjective
Quantitative
Numerical
Qualitative

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
the other

positions

materials

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
6 In which layer or layers of the atmosphere do conventional aircraft fly?i. The

Troposphereii. The Stratosphereiii. The Ionosphere
i and ii
i only
i and iii
ii and iii

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
7 Complete the following statement. In the International Standard Atmosphere(ISA), as

altitude increases in the Troposphere, pressure:
will not be affected as pressure is independent of altitude
also increases
decreases
stays the same

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
8 Complete the following statement. If the atmospheric pressure decreases, the partial
pressure of the oxygen in the atmosphere will:
increase
not be affected as it is independent of atmospheric pressure
stay the same
decrease

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c

stays the same
also increases
decreases

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
10 Which gas, which is absorbed by the body during normal breathing, plays an
important role in decompression sickness?
Carbon Monoxide
Carbon Dioxide
Oxygen
Nitrogen

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
11 Which of the following sequences best describes the order of the flow of blood in the
Circulatory System?
Heart, aorta, arteries, capillaries, veins, heart, pulmonary vein, lungs, pulmonary
artery, heart
Heart, aorta, lungs, pulmonary artery, arteries, capillaries, veins, heart, pulmonary
vein, heart
Heart, aorta, arteries, capillaries, veins, capillaries, arteries, lungs heart
Heart, aorta, arteries, capillaries, veins, heart, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary
vein, heart

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
12 Complete the following statement. Brain cells that have been deprived of oxygen will
start to die in:
2 hours
½ hour
2 seconds
2 minutes

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
2 weeks
12 hours
A number of days
3 hours

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
14 You are taking a friend flying and are cruising at 6,000ft. Your passenger begins
suffering from a tingling sensation, dizziness and visual disorders and then becomes
unconscious. Your passenger is probably suffering from:
Angina
Food poisoning
Hypoxia
Hyperventilation

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
10,000ft
2,000ft
20,000ft
8,000ft

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
16 In which part of the eye is visual acuity at its highest?
The fovea
The Pupil
The Retina
The Cornea

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
17 What is the name of the condition in which the eyes of people in mid to late middle age
are unable to accommodate sufficiently to focus on small objects near to the eye?
Myopia
Presbyopia
Hypermetropia
Astigmatism

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
18 Complete the following statement. Colour-blindness or, more accurately,

colour-defective vision, is caused by;
defective functioning of the ciliary muscles
a defect in the lens tissue of the eye
a defect in the structure of the colour-sensitive cones in the retina
a foreshortened eyeball

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
The Neo-cortex
The Ear
The Nose
The Eye

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
20 Dark adaptation takes about& & & ..for the Rods, and & & & & .. for the Cones:
30 minutes, 7 minutes

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
21 On what does the causes of noise induced hearing loss depend?
The duration of the noise above 100 dbs
The duration of the noise above 110 dbs
Both the intensity and duration of the noise above 100 dbs
Both the intensity and duration of the noise above 90 dbs

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
Pascals
Cycles per second
Hertz
Decibels

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
23 Complete the following statement. Presbycusis is an impairment of hearing due to:
Age
Damage to the semi-circular canals
Smoking
Damage to the cochlea

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
24 Which part of the ear senses linear accelerations and decelerations?
The semi-circular
The Tympanum
The Otoliths
The Ossicles

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
25 If an aircraft accelerates, what does the otoliths indicate to the brain?
That the aircraft is climbing and turning
That the aircraft is turning
That the aircraft is pitching down
That the aircraft is pitching up

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
tube

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
27 What is the most important sense for spatial orientation?
Hearing and balance
"Seat of the pants"
Sight
All senses play their part in situation awareness

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
28 Complete the following statement. The Conductive System consist of:
The cochlea and the Mitus
The ear drum and ossicles
The cochlea and Eustachian tube
The semi-circular canals and otoliths

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
29 A pilot should not fly for at least how long after a general anaesthetic?
24 hours
12 hours
2 hours
48 hours

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
30 Which level of Arousal gives the most effective performance?
High arousal
Optimal arousal
Low arousal
It depends on the individual

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
31 Which of the following are some of the most common stress factors likely to affect a
pilot in flight?
Operating in an ergonomically designed cockpit
Navigating across unfamiliar territory while coping with a high level of radio traffic
Selecting a high rate of climb
All of the above

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
32 What are Stress Factors or Stressors?
Circumstances or events which provoke any kind of reaction to the demands

placed upon the human organism
Events and circumstances which cause stress
Pulse-rate inducers
Measures of stress exhibited by a person

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
33 If a pilot is approaching a runway much larger than that at his home airfield, what is
his visual perception of the runway likely to be?
a different approach path should be adopted
Distances will be easy to judge
The runway will appear further away than it actually is
The runway will appear closer than it actually is

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
34 "Error" is a generic term which describes all those occasions when a series of mental
or physical activities do not achieve their intended effect. Now, complete the following
statement. Errors:
are cumulative, one error leads to a second, which leads to a third etc
are isolated with no further consequence or influence
may be isolated or cumulative
are always part of the Error Chain

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
35 You are approaching an up-sloping runway with no visual approach aids, such as
VASIs or PAPIs. Which of the following statements would not apply to your situation?
Then runway may appear shorter than it actually is
There is a possibility of touching down in the undershoot area
A lower than normal approach may occur
a higher than normal approach may occur

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
36 What might describe the time of useful consciousness?
from the onset of hypoxia to the point when hyperventilation sets in.
The time between the onset of hypoxia to unconsciousness.
The time from when there is insufficent oxygen in the air to sustain full consciousness
during which cognitive processes and physical functions are relatively unimpaired to a
time after hypoxia sets in.
The time from when breathable air is no longer available to the time of
unconsciousness.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
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Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
37 Approaching a runway that is significantly smaller than previously expected may be

perceived as being:
farther away than it actually is.
longer than it actually is.
nearer than it actually is.
at its actual range.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
38 What is the human auditory range?
1 hz to 5,000Hz
5 Hz to 10,000Hz
20 Hz to 20,000Hz
10 Hz to 15K,000Hz

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
39 Gastroenteritis is a complaint that makes a pilot:
only fit to fly with the prior permission of a CAA medical examiner.
un fit to fly.
fit to fly with medication.
fit to fly.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
40 A runway that is unusually wider than previously expected may result in:
a high approach path being flown and undershooting the runway threshold.
a low approach path being flown and undershooting the runway threshold.
a normal approach path being flown as any pilot will set up a visual approach relative
to the actual runway.
a high approach path being flown and overshooting the runway threshold.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
Participant: DANI, DANI
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
1 Which of the following is the most important factor in deciding the size of a cockpit?
The overall size of the aircraft
The size of human beings in the central 90% of size distribution
The number of pilot-manipulated controls required I the cockpit
Heating and air-conditioning factors

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
obstructed
(i) only
(ii) and (iii) only
(i) and (ii) only
(i), (ii) and (iii)

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c

materials
the other

positions

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
4 Within the atmosphere, the pressure of oxygen (referred to as a partial pressure) along
with the pressure of other constituent gases decreases with increased altitude, leading
eventually to the effects of hypoxia in the most healthy pilot. Such a pilot should not suffer
the effects of hypoxia when operating for periods up to and including an altitude of:
14000ft.
8000ft.
10000ft.
12000ft.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
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w
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Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c

altitude increases in the troposphere, air density:
will not be affected as air density is independent of altitude
also increases
stays the same
decreases

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
6 Chemical receptors in the brain govern the respiratory process by monitoring levels of
oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body.
The receptors of a healthy body are more sensitive to changes in the level of:
equally both carbon dioxide and oxygen.
non of the above answers are correct.
carbon dioxide.
oxygen.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
7 Which part of the nervous system usually controls breathing?
The Central Nervous System
The Peripheral Nervous System
The Autonomic Nervous System
All of the above

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
8 Which gas, which is absorbed by the body during normal breathing, plays an
important role in decompression sickness?
Nitrogen
Carbon Dioxide
Carbon Monoxide
Oxygen

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
9 Enter into the following statement the most correct pair of figures from the options
below. The maximum recommended levels of alcohol consumption per week are& & &
for men, and & & & & . for women.
7 units3 units
21 units14 units
14 units21 units
3 units7 units

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
10 The blood carries& & & & & around the body and removes & & & .. from the body with
the exchange occurring in the & & & & & .
Carbon DioxideOxygenCapillaries
Carbon DioxideOxygenVeins
OxygenCarbon DioxideArteries
OxygenCarbon DioxideCapillaries

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
Right Ventricle
Left Auricle
Left Ventricle
Right Auricle

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
12 Which of the following gases regulate the rate and depth of breathing, depending on
the levels at which the gas is present in the blood?
Oxygen
Carbon Monoxide
Nitrogen
Carbon Dioxide

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
13 Complete the following sentence. If, while piloting an aircraft, you suspect that you
are suffering from spatial disorders (e.g a feeling of tumbling backwards after a rapid
transition from a climb to straight and level flight), the correct action to take would be:
to trust your senses, because instruments can give false information
to concentrate on looking out
to trust your aircraft s instruments
to close your eyes for a few seconds to regain your orientation

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
2 weeks
12 hours
A number of days
3 hours

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
2,000ft
10,000ft
8,000ft
20,000ft

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
16 With an in-flight visibility of 4 kilometers, a light aircraft flying at 120 kts sees a fast jet
at maximum visual range. The light aircraft pilot assumes that the fast jet is flying at
450 kts. What time would be left to the pilot of either aircraft to take avoiding action?
About 17 seconds
About 10 seconds
About 7 seconds
About 14 seconds

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
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Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
The Cornea
The Pupil
The fovea
The Retina

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
18 At night it is easier to focus on an object if you:
look slightly to one side of it
look directly
look directly at it while holding your eyes open as wide as you can
look about 50 degrees either side of it

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
19 Two light aircraft are on a head on collision course with a closing speed of 280 kts.
Flight visibility is 4 kilometers. What would be the time available to either pilot to take
avoiding action, if visual contact were made at maximum visual range?
10 15 seconds
20 25 seconds
25 30 seconds
15 20 seconds

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
20 Complete the following statement. The power of accommodation in an eye:
is not affected by the degree of elasticity of the lens
is decreased as the elasticity of the lens decreases
is increased as the elasticity of he lens decreases
has nothing to do with the lens

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
21 Complete the following statement. In order to see a sharp image of an oncoming

aircraft which has been detected by the eye, a pilot should:
look to one side of the oncoming aircraft
look directly at the oncoming aircraft
blink several times to make the image clearer
commence a systematic scan of the airspace in front of him

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
22 Complete the following statement. To lessen the danger of collision with an aircraft
which might be in a pilot s blind spot and closing on a constant relative bearing, the
pilot should:
roll the aircraft from right to left by a few degrees every 10 minutes or so
carry out periodic clearing turns
carry out a systematic look out at all times
change heading by a few degrees every 10 minutes or so

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
23 Complete the following statement. The amount of light entering the eye is controlled
by the;
Pupil
Lens
Cornea
Iris

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
tube

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
25 A pilot should not fly for at least how long after a local anaesthitic?
48 hours
2 hours
12 hours
24 hours

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c

conditions?
Hypothermia
Heart attack
All of the above

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
27 Which level of Arousal gives the most effective performance?
Optimal arousal
High arousal
Low arousal
It depends on the individual

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
28 Complete the following statement. Repeating information several times in order to

transfer it to long-term memory is called:
chunking
memory induction
prompting
rehearsing

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c


PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
30 Complete the following statement. When compared to visual stimuli, auditory stimuli
(noises) are:
less likely to attract attention and more likely to be responded to in error
more likely to attract attention and more likely to be responded to in error
less likely to attract attention and less likely to be responded to in error
more likely to attract attention and less likely to be responded to in error

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
31 If a pilot is approaching a runway much larger than that at his home airfield, what is
his visual perception of the runway likely to be?
Distances will be easy to judge
The runway will appear closer than it actually is
The runway will appear further away than it actually is
a different approach path should be adopted

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
how long?

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
33 "Error" is a generic term which describes all those occasions when a series of mental
or physical activities do not achieve their intended effect. Now, complete the following
statement. Errors:
are isolated with no further consequence or influence
are always part of the Error Chain
may be isolated or cumulative
are cumulative, one error leads to a second, which leads to a third etc

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
34 From the options below, choose the correct sequence of the various stages of the
reasoning process.
perception, action, feedback, detection, decisions taken
detection, feedback, decisions taken, action, perception
detection, perception, decisions taken, action, feedback
detection, perception, decisions taken, feedback, action

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
35 Which of the following statements is false?
Information from our senses is stored in the long-term memory
We can spoil out attention between several different things by concentrating on

them in rapid succession
Our bodies are continuously receiving numerous stimuli from our five senses
Some stimuli are better than others at getting our attention

Theme 1.3.1.1 Attention and vigilance Reached points 0.00
PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
36 Whilst operating at relatively low altitude, a pilot who experiences the physical Sensation
of tingling, particularly in the hands, feet and around the lips, together with anxiety, visual
disorder, and dizziness is probably:
hyperventilating.
hyposthenic.
hypopnoic.
hypoxic.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
37 Select the Statement you consider to be most correct.
Eating increases the rate of alcohol oxidation.
Sleeping, or drinking black coffee, increases the rate at which the body processes
alcohol.
Decreased altitude greatly increases the adverse effects of alcohol.
Increased altitude greatly increases the adverse effects of alcohol.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
38 During the process of slowing an aircraft down, a pilot may experience the illusory
perception of:
becoming weightless.
feeling sick.
pitching nose down.
pitching nose up.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
39 A pilot who is flying with a more experienced colleague considers that the colleague has
decided upon a course of action that may endanger the aircraft. The less experienced pilot
should:
be assertive and prepared to take control of the aeroplane.
immediately express any doubts.
question the experienced pilot's judgement provided it is believed that the criticism will
be accepted in good faith.
accept the course of action to maintain the rapport between the two pilots.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/18/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
40 A very fast low flying military aircraft and a light aircraft that are on a head on collision
course have a very rapid closing speed. In the event of such a scenario, how would the
image of the military aircraft be perceived by the pilot of the light aircraft as range
decreased?
Initially the image would show only a small growth rate until the aircraft were close to
impact when the image would enlarge rapidly.
Initial growth would be rapid and further growth would be at a steady rate.
The image would grow very quickly at a constant rate.
Initially it would appear stationary until the last few seconds before impact when it
would grow at a uniform rate.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
Participant: DANO, DANO
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
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Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
obstructed
(i) and (ii) only
(i) only
(ii) and (iii) only
(i), (ii) and (iii)

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
the other

positions

materials

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
3 Within the atmosphere, the pressure of oxygen (referred to as a partial pressure) along
with the pressure of other constituent gases decreases with increased altitude, leading
eventually to the effects of hypoxia in the most healthy pilot. Such a pilot should not suffer
the effects of hypoxia when operating for periods up to and including an altitude of:
8000ft.
12000ft.
10000ft.
14000ft.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c

atmosphere is:
Higher than at MSL
lower than at MSL

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
5 Complete the following statement. Air in the atmosphere is made up of:
Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (21%), Carbon Dioxide (0.03%) and Hydrogen(1%)
Nitrogen (1%), Oxygen (78%), Carbon Dioxide (21%) and Argon (0.03%)
Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (21%), Carbon Dioxide (0.03% and Hydrogen (1%)
Nitrogen (21%), Oxygen (0.03%), Carbon Dioxide (78%) and Argon (1%)

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
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stays the same
also increases
decreases

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
7 Respiration is a spontaneous act regulated primarily by the brain's sensitivity to:
atmospheric pressure.
the amount of oxygen adhered to haemoglobin.
the amount of haemoglobin in the blood.
the carbon dioxide level in the blood.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
8 Chemical receptors in the brain govern the respiratory process by monitoring levels of
oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body.
The receptors of a healthy body are more sensitive to changes in the level of:
equally both carbon dioxide and oxygen.
carbon dioxide.
non of the above answers are correct.
oxygen.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
Right Ventricle
Right Auricle
Left Ventricle
Left Auricle

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
10 Complete the following sentence. If, while piloting an aircraft, you suspect that you
are suffering from spatial disorders (e.g a feeling of tumbling backwards after a rapid
transition from a climb to straight and level flight), the correct action to take would be:
to concentrate on looking out
to trust your aircraft s instruments
to close your eyes for a few seconds to regain your orientation
to trust your senses, because instruments can give false information

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
A number of days
3 hours
2 weeks
12 hours

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
12 Complete the following statement. The condition whereby the body does not receive
enough oxygen to function correctly is known as:
Hyperventilation
Hyperglycemia
Hypoxia
Hypotension

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
13 Complete the following statement. The effects of Hypoxia can be increased by:
increased altitude
increased temperature
alcohol
All of the above

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
14 Complete the following statement. After SCUBA diving to a depth of just over 30ft,
using compressed air, it is recommended that person does not fly for:
24 hours
6 hours
12 hours
48 hours

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
15 With an in-flight visibility of 4 kilometers, a light aircraft flying at 120 kts sees a fast jet
at maximum visual range. The light aircraft pilot assumes that the fast jet is flying at
450 kts. What time would be left to the pilot of either aircraft to take avoiding action?
About 14 seconds
About 7 seconds
About 17 seconds
About 10 seconds

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
16 Hypermetropia is caused by a & & & & .. eyeball and treated by a & & & & lens
whereas Myopia is caused by a & & & & & .. eyeball and treated with a & & & & . Lens.
Shortened, concave, lengthened, convex
Lengthened, convex, shortened, concave
Lengthened, concave, shortened, convex
Shortened, convex, lengthened, concave

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
rods only
cones and rods
cones only

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
The Retina
The fovea
The Pupil
The Cornea

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
19 Complete the following statement. Empty Field Myopia is a condition where the eyes
naturally focus at a distance of approximately:
1 2 meters
at the horizon
infinity
20 500 metres

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
The Eye
The Nose
The Ear
The Neo-cortex

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
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21 In a Myopic eye, the eyeball is& & & & . than normal causing the image to fall& & & the
retina
longerbehind
shorter in front of
longer in front of
shorterbehind

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
22 Complete the following statement. The amount of light entering the eye is controlled
by the;
Iris
Pupil
Lens
Cornea

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
Pascals
Decibels
Cycles per second
Hertz

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
24 The frequency band that a healthy young person can hear is:

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
25 The Vestibular Apparatus detects ...................... acceleration:
Linear
Angular and linear
Positive "g"
Angular

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
26 What is noise induced hearing loss?
Loss of hearing due to damage to the ossicles.
Loss of hearing due to damage to the middle ear
Loss of hearing due to damage to the vestibular apparatus
Loss of hearing due to damage to the cochles

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
27 Complete the following statement. One of the main contributing factors to the onset of
motion sickness is:-
Stalling
The mismatch between visual and vestibular sensory inputs
Rolling quickly into turns
Performing high g manoevres

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
28 When the body does not have sufficient oxygen to meet its needs, the condition is known
as:
hypoxia.
hyperventilation.
hypsometrosis.
hyperpnoea.

Theme 1.2.3.2 Common minor ailments Reached points 1.00
PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c

conditions?
Hypothermia
Heart attack
All of the above

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
30 Which of the following is more likely to increase the stress level of a pilot while
flying?
Flying with a more experienced pilot
Flying a familiar route
High cockpit housekeeping skills
A recent and serious argument with a colleague

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
31 Which of the following statements is false?
The right training can make a stressful task less stressful
All people react in the same way to the same stressful situation
Stress is cumulative
Stress is a natural condition of life

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
32 Which of the following are terms generally used to describe a type or types of memory
within the subject of Human Performance and Limitations?
Long-term memory
All of them
Sensitive memory
Felicitous memory

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
33 Complete the following statement. A false perception characterized by a distortion of

real sensory stimuli is known as:
mirage
boredom response
hallucination
day-dreaming

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
34 When making a decision, will a pilot be influenced by previous experience?
Yes, past experience can play a part in decision-making
Yes, but only if the experience is good
Yes, but only if the experience was bad
No, each decision is unrelated

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
35 Complete the following statement. If, as an inexperienced pilot, you are flying with
someone of much greater experience, and you see him do something you consider to
be dangerous, you should:
wait until the action or manouvre is completed, and then question him
ignore the situation because he obviously knows what he is doing
do nothing for the moment, but check the wisdom and correctness of his action by
discussing it with an instructor after you have landed
immediately question his course of action

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
36 Haemoglobin, the conjugated protein that transports oxygen around the body, is more
readily attractive to:
nitrogen.
oxygen.
carbon dioxide.
carbon monoxide.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
37 Following a rapid change from a climb to straight and level flight, a pilot flying solo has the
Sensation of tumbling backwards.
S/ he should:
rely on somatosensory (seat of the pants) information.
close the eyes for a few seconds then visually concentrate on the natural horizone.
initiate a dive then rapid recovery to reverse the Sensation.
concentrate on and trust the aircraft Instruments.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
38 A visual approach to an unfamiliar aerodrome with a down sloping runway that does not
have any form of visual glide slope aid, is more likely to result in:
a steeper approach than that intended.
an approach very dose to the intended approach path.
a more shallow approach than that intended.
an approach that diverts considerably from intended approach path.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
39 You are the least experienced of two pilots flying the aircraft. You believe that your more
experienced colleague has elected to undertake a course of action that may endanger the
aircraft. In view of your inexperience you should:
only question her/ his judgement if you believe such action will not compromise the
working relationship.
be assertive and prepared to take control of the aeroplane.
always speak up if in doubt.
accept the course of action taken by your more experienced colleague in order to
maintain a safe rapport.

PD rm PD rm
Y Y
Y
Y
er
er
ABB
ABB
y
y
bu
bu
2.0
2.0
to
to
re
re
he
he
Licence: PPLA
k
k
lic
lic
C
C
w m w om
w
w
w.
Date
A .c o
B B Y Y3 4/17/2013 w.
A B B Y Y.c
40 When maintaining a lookout, pilots should understand that the most effective scanning
method is:
a selective concentration on the most likely areas of conflicting traffic.
to slowly and smoothly sweep the entire field of view from top to bottom.
not to concentrate on anyone particular area for a short period of time.
a series of short regularly spaced eye movements, progressing across the field of view.


Participant: Licence: Examination: Date 3 Flug, Flug Ppla 140-Human Performance and Limitation 4/17/2013

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Participant: Licence: Examination: Date 3 Flug, Flug Ppla 140-Human Performance and Limitation 4/17/2013

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F T ra n sf o F T ra n sf o

The pilot in the left-hand seat

The more experienced of the two

Origin ID: 216 Maximum attainable 1.00

2 Complete the following statement. At altitude the pressure of oxygen in the

The same as at mean seal level (MSL)

Unaffected, as partial pressure is independent of altitude

lower than at MSL

Higher than at MSL

Origin ID: 103 Maximum attainable 1.00

3 Complete the following statement. The International Standard Atmosphere (ISA)

Origin ID: 104 Maximum attainable 1.00

decreases with increased altitude.

increases with increased altitude.

varies exponentially with other constituent atmospheric gases.

remains constant throughout the atmosphere.

Origin ID: 2 Maximum attainable 1.00

5 Complete the following statement. In the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA), as

stays the same

will not be affected as it is independent of altitude

Origin ID: 112 Maximum attainable 1.00

Origin ID: 129 Maximum attainable 1.00

Origin ID: 133 Maximum attainable 1.00

8 Above what altitude do pilots need to breath supplementary oxygen?

Origin ID: 134 Maximum attainable 1.00

9 Complete the following statement. A likely symptom, or likely symptoms, of Hypoxia

increased heart rate

all of the above

Origin ID: 135 Maximum attainable 1.00

All of the above

Origin ID: 136 Maximum attainable 1.00

Origin ID: 137 Maximum attainable 1.00

Shortened, convex, lengthened, concave

Lengthened, convex, shortened, concave

Lengthened, concave, shortened, convex

Shortened, concave, lengthened, convex

Origin ID: 139 Maximum attainable 1.00

13 Complete the following statement. The Fovea consists of:

cones and rods

no light cells-it is part of the blind spot

Origin ID: 140 Maximum attainable 1.00

remains the same

decreases at first and then returns to normal

Origin ID: 143 Maximum attainable 1.00

Origin ID: 149 Maximum attainable 1.00

16 Complete the following statement. The power of accommodation in an eye:

has nothing to do with the lens

is decreased as the elasticity of the lens decreases

is increased as the elasticity of he lens decreases

is not affected by the degree of elasticity of the lens

Origin ID: 150 Maximum attainable 1.00

Origin ID: 156 Maximum attainable 1.00

Origin ID: 157 Maximum attainable 1.00

badly fitting spectacles

a misshappened eye ball

Origin ID: 158 Maximum attainable 1.00

20 Where is the blind spot?

Where the optic nerve enters the Retina

On the edge of the Lens

Origin ID: 162 Maximum attainable 1.00

21 Complete the following sentence. Loudness is measured in;

Cycles per second