COMMON CHEMICAL

COMPOUNDS
ALVARO JIMENEZ QUIÑOY, CLAUDIA GONZALEZ
ASENSIO,
ARAIS MARIA ESTRADA CARDO & CARLOS RAFAEL
BLANCO CHINCHILLA
 INDEX
1. Introduction
2. Definition and elements of inorganic compounds
3. Common inorganic compounds 1: water, hydrogen peroxide and ammonia
4. Common inorganic compounds 2: non-metallic oxides
5. Common inorganic compounds 3: metallic oxides
6. Common inorganic compounds 4: acids
7. Common inorganic compounds 5: bases
8. Common inorganic compounds 6: salts
 INTRODUCTION
• As we know, there are 118 chemical elements, but there are over 10
million chemical compounds.
• There are two types of compounds:
-Organic compounds: found in living organisms, and are formed by
carbon
-Inorganic compounds: mainly found in the inanimated world, but also in
living organisms.
 coMMON INORGANIC
COMPOUNDS
WATER, HYDROGEN PEROXIDE &
AMMONIA
Water (H2O): Liquid at room temperature. Most important liquid for
living organisms. Used for drinking, to live, to do housework, etc.

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2): Liquid at room temperature. Used as a

bleach and disinfectant.

Ammonia (NH3): Gaseous at room temperature. Used for cleaning

products and fertilisers.
 coMMON INORGANIC
COMPOUNDSnon-metallic
(II)
oxiDES
Carbon dioxide (CO2): Gaseous at room temperature. Produced by breathing and
combustion. Causes the greenhouse effect. It is non-toxic.

Carbon monoxide (CO): Gaseous at room temperature. It is a toxic gas, which can
cause death. Also produced by combustion.

Sulphur dioxide (SO2) and Sulphur trioxide (SO3): Gaseous at room temperature.
Produced during combustion of sulhpur compunds. It is responsible for acid rain.

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2): Gaseous at room temperature. Produced during combustion of

nitrogen compounds. It is a pollutant and is also poisonous.
 coMMON INORGANIC
COMPOUNDS (III)
metallic
oxiDES
Iron (II) oxide (FeO) and Iron (III) oxide (Fe2O3): Solid at room
temperature. They are used for orientation of living things, as
construction materials, and it can also be a mineral.

Fe2O3 as a mineral (hematite).

 coMMON INORGANIC
COMPOUNDS (IV) ACIDS
Hydrochloric acid (HCl): Gaseous at room temperature. Produced during
digestion in the stomach. Solutions of this compound are found in cleaning
metal products.

Nitric acid (HNO3): Liquid at room temperature. Used for explosives,

fertilisers, to make colorants, etc.

Sulphuric acid (H2SO4): Dense liquid at room temperature. The most

common produced compound. It is used for oil refining, fertilisers, explosives,
etc.
 coMMON INORGANIC
COMPOUNDS (V)
ACIDS
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and Potassium hydroxide (KOH): Solid at
room temperature. Used for cleaning products, such as soaps, correction
of food acidity, etc.

Aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)3) and Magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2)

: Solid at room temperature. Used to alliviate stomach problems.
 coMMON INORGANIC
COMPOUNDS (Vi) sAlTS
Sodium chloride (NaCI): Solid at room temperature. It is used as a cooking condiment
(table salt).

Calcium chloride (CaCI2): Solid at room temperature. Absorbs humidity and used as a
drying agent in packaging.

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3): Solid at room temperature. Forms marble. Its insoluble in
water, but reacts with acids.

Sodium hydrocarbonate (NaHCO3): Solid at room temperature. Used to treat acid

indigestion and as a chemical yeast.
 coMMON INORGANIC
Copper (II) sulphateCOMPOUNDS (Vi)
(CuSO4): Solid at room temperature. Used to protect crops.

Potassium nitrate (KNO3) and Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3): Solid at room

temperature. Used as a fertiliser and to make explosives.

Magnesium sulphate (MgSO4): Solid at room temperature. Used for bath salts, for
medical applications and gardening.

Calcium sulphate (CaSO4): Solid at room temperature. Used as a construction material.

Sodium hypochlorite (NaCIO): Liquid at more than 18º, solid at less than 18º. When
dissolved in water, forms bleach.
THE END