STA.

TERESA COLLEGE
BAUAN BATANGAS
COLLEGE DEPARTMENT

Research in Education I
Introduction
In this module, the lessons focus on the nature, definition, and values
of research, the essential factors for effective research, the
characteristics of a good research and the possible difficulties that may
be encountered in research

Student Learning Objectives (SLO)

1. Recognize the perspective of research
1.1 Explain the nature, definition, and values of research
1.2 Discuss the essential factors for effective research
1.3 Enumerate the characteristics of a good research
1.4 Discuss the possible difficulties that may be encountered in
research

Content
What Research is Not
Research is not

Accidental discovery:

Accidental discovery may occur in structured research process

• Usually takes the form of a phenomenon not previously noticed
• May lead to a structured research process to verify or
understand the observation

Research is not

Data Collection
• an intermediate step to gain reliable knowledge
• collecting reliable data is part of the research process

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BAUAN BATANGAS
COLLEGE DEPARTMENT

Research is not

Searching out published research results in libraries (or the internet)

• This is an important early step of research
• The research process always includes synthesis and analysis
• But, just reviewing of literature is not research

What Research Is

• It is searching for theory, for testing theory or for solving a problem.

(Sevilla et al., 1992)

• It is a careful, critical inquiry or examination in seeking facts or

principles; a diligent investigation to ascertain something.
(Andres, 1998)
• It is a purposive, systematic, and scientific process of gathering,
analyzing, classifying, organizing, presenting and interpreting
data for the solution of a problem, for prediction, for invention, for
the discovery of truth, or for the expansion or verification of
existing knowledge, all for the preservation and improvement of
the quality of human life. (Calderon, 1993)

Values of Research
General Purposes
1. It preserves and improves the quality of human life
2. It reduces man’s burden of work, improves judgment, increases
satisfaction in multitudinous ways, adds to his power, among
others.

Specific Purposes
1. To liberate the student in some measure from the denomination of a
single textbook and the viewpoint of one instruction
2. To provide a beginning in independent study
3. To promote the development of logical habits of thinking and
organization
4. To discover new facts about known phenomena
5. To find answers to problems which are only partially solved by existing
methods
6. To improve existing techniques and develop new instruments or
products
7. To discover previously unrecognized substance or elements
8. To discover pathways of action of known substances and elements

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BAUAN BATANGAS
COLLEGE DEPARTMENT
9. To order relate, valid generalizations into systematized science
10. To provide basis for decision-making in business, industry, education,
government and in other undertaking
11. To satisfy the researcher’s curiosity
12. To find answers to queries by means of scientific methods
13. To acquire a better and deeper understanding about one phenomenon
than can be known and understood better by research
14. To expand and verify existing knowledge
15. To improve educational practices for raising the quality of school
products
16. To promote health and prolong life
17. To provide man with more of his basic needs
18. To make work, travel, and communication faster, easier and more
comfortable

Essential Factors for Effective Research

1. Men
2. Money
3. Materials

Characteristics of a Good Research

Research…
According to Henson & Soriano, 1999
1. is systematic
2. is controlled
3. is empirical
4. is an inquiry
5. is about solving problems
6. is about adherence to a method
7. concentrates on a specific subject/topic

According to Crawford (as quoted by Aquino)

1. It is a systematic and refined technique of thinking.
2. It employs specialized tools, instruments, and procedures in obtaining
adequate solutions to a problem.
3. It starts with a problem, collects data, analyzes data critically and
reach a decision based on actual evidence.
4. It involves original work instead of an exercise of a mere opinion.
5. It involves from a genuine desire to know not only “what” rather than a
desire to prove something.

According to De Leon and Claudio:

1. Produce processible result
2. Produce specific results

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BAUAN BATANGAS
COLLEGE DEPARTMENT
3. Produce generalizable result
4. Produce interpretable result

According to Best:
1. Gathers new data
2. Solves problems
3. Develops sound theories
4. Requires expertise
5. Involves an accurate observation and description
6. Is logical and objective
7. Is carefully recorded and reported

According to Thomas and Nelson (1996)

A good research must be:
1. Systematic
2. Logical
3. Empirical
4. Reductive
5. Replicable

According to Paul Leedy:

A good research…
1. Begins with a Question in the mind of the researcher
2. Requires a plan
3. Demands a clear statement of the problem
4. Deals with the main problem through sub-problems
5. Seeks direction through appropriate hypothesis
6. Deals with facts and their meaning
7. Is circular

The Circle of Research

Legend:
Research is a cyclic process
1. Research begins with an unanswered question in the mind of the
researcher.
2. Research sees the goal in a clear statement of the problem.
3. Research subdivides the problem into appropriate sub problems.
4. Research posits tentative solutions to the problem(s) through
appropriate hypothesis.
5. Research looks for facts directed by the hypothesis and guided by the
problem.
6. Research interprets the meaning of the facts which leads to resolution
of the problem; thus confirming or rejecting the hypotheses and
providing an answer to the question which began the research cycle.

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BAUAN BATANGAS
COLLEGE DEPARTMENT
7. Research holds the hypotheses until all the facts are in and
interpreted. At that point the hypotheses are supported or rejected.
Problems Faced by A Researcher

https: //www.slideshare.net/ankur19june/problems-faced-by-researcher

Assessment and Evaluation

1. From the discussion above, write your own list of the five most
outstanding characteristics of a good research.
2. How is research relevant during Covid 19 pandemic? Justify in not
more than five sentences.

Criteria:
Content 5 pts.
Mechanics: 5 pts
Organization: 5 pts

http://press-files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/p277501/pdf/Chapter-1-The-
Nature-of-Research-and-Innovation.pdf

3. Quiz

References
Ariola, M. (2014) Research and Statistics with Thesis and Dissertation Writing.
Unlimited Books Library Services & Publishing Inc. Manila

Web access at http://lms.stcbauan.com/ . This site contains all course documents, PPTs,
assignments, examinations and other materials

Prepared: Checked: Approved:

Aida A. Casas ______________________ ____________________

Instructor Department Head Dean

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