Department of Education

Science 5
The Menstrual Cycle
Second Quarter- Week 2

Caroline E. Asehan
Writer

Henel T. Perez
Delia B. Tanseco
Dr. Ma. Aurora S. Bartolaba
Validators

Abigail M. De Lios
Reynante H. Espeleta
Armida S. Oblinada
Quality Assurance Team

Schools Division Office – Muntinlupa City

Student Center for Life Skills Bldg., Centennial Ave., Brgy. Tunasan, Muntinlupa City
(02) 8805-9935 / (02) 8805-9940
 This Supplementary Learning Module (SleM) focuses on the phases of
the menstrual cycle. It provides you self-learning activities that will further
develop your understanding on the lesson.

Most Essential Learning Competency

Explain the menstrual cycle (S5LT-llc-3):

1. Identify, describe and trace the phases of the menstrual cycle using
illustrations and diagrams;
2. Complete the phases of the menstrual cycle using paragraph
completion worksheets and a flow chart.

Directions: Read the questions carefully. Encircle the letter of the best
answer.
1. What do you call the process of shedding of the lining of the
endometrium that causes the blood flow in a female?
A. menarche C. menopause
B. menstruation D. ovulation
2. What causes the thickening of the uterine lining?
A. follicular phase C. menstruation phase
B. luteal phase D. ovulation phase
3. When does the menstrual cycle begin?
A. follicular phase
B. luteal phase
C. menstrual phase
D. ovulation phase
4. Which of the following causes the menstrual cycle?
A. the body preparing for old age
B. the female body preparing to give birth
C. the female body preparing for pregnancy
D. the female body preparing to produce milk
5. Which phase of the menstrual cycle does fertilization takes place?
A. follicular phase C. menstrual phase
B. luteal phase D. ovulation phase
6. How many days accounts for an average menstrual cycle?
A. 5 C. 14
B. 7 D. 28

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7. When does the lining in the uterus thickens in preparation for the egg?
A. days 1-7 C. days 18-25
B. days 8-11 D. days 26-28
8. When does pregnancy happen?
A. lutheal phase C. menstrual phase
B. follicular phase D. ovulation phase
9. Which refers to the passageway of menstrual blood from the uterus
through the vagina?
A. menarche C. menopause
B. menstruation D. ovulation
10. In which phase of menstrual cycle fertilization may take place?
A. menstrual phase C. luteal phase
B. ovulation phase D. follicular phase

Directions: Identify the terms being described. Chose your answer from the
word bank below and write them in the space provided before each number.

scrotum vagina uterus cervix penis

penis erection

______1. a loose sac of skin that holds the testes

______2. a hollow muscular organ that receives and holds a fertilized ovum
______3. the opening to the uterus
______4. a male organ that is used by males both for sexual reproduction
and the elimination of body wastes
______5. the female reproductive organ that receives the sperm cells

The menstrual cycle is the process that prepares a woman for

pregnancy. This cycle repeats itself at an average of 28 days a month.
Menstruation referred to the monthly shedding of the lining of the
endometrium of the uterus. A female’s first menstrual flow is called
menarche, a signal that the body is ready for reproduction.

Menstrual blood flows from the uterus through the small opening in the
cervix and passes out of the body through the vagina. Most menstrual periods

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last from 3 to 5 days. The different phases of the menstrual cycle are the
menstrual phase, follicular phase, ovulation phase, and luteal phase.

Activity 1
Directions: Study the diagram given:

Directions: Describe the things that happen in each phase of the menstrual
cycle using the diagram.

https://tinyurl.com/y6ywog5k

1.___________________ 2.____________________

3.`_______________________ 4._______________________

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B. Directions: Identify the numbered items in the diagram by writing the
corresponding phases from the box below.
Egg released Egg dies if If egg is fetilized, it
(ovulation) not fertilized settles into thick
lining
Menstruation Lining starts
(period) to thicken

5 1

https://tinyurl.com/y6ywog5k

2
4
3

Why is the menstrual cycle important in females?

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

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Menstrual Cycle
The following are phases of the Menstrual Cycle:
1. Menstrual Phase- This is the female’s monthly shedding of the
endometrial lining of the uterus. . During this period, egg cells begin to
mature in the ovaries. As the eggs develop, the surrounding cells release
estrogen hormone into the bloodstream. The onset of the menstrual
phase occurs approximately from Day 1-7.
2. Follicular Phase- The endometrium or the lining of the uterus starts to
thicken as the effect of the release of the estrogen hormone within Day
8-11. The follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) increases and in turn
stimulates the growth of the ovarian follicles.
3. Ovulation Phase – occurs when a mature egg (ovum) is released from
the ovarian follicle to the nearest fallopian tube during the menstrual
cycle. As the egg moves down the fallopian tube it stays there for 3-4
days. As this happens, the lining of the uterus continues to grow thicker
and during this time, fertilization may take place. This phase is
completed for Day 12-17.
4. Luteal Phase- The next phase where the follicle starts to develop into a
hormone-producing structure called corpus luteum.It produces
estrogen and large amounts of progesterone that signals the uterus to
thicken in preparation for pregnancy. If fertilization does not take place,
the thickened lining of the uterus is shed and discharge from the body.
This occurs from Day18-28
5. The menstrual cycle repeats, after approximately 28 days.

Activity 1
Directions: Write the missing letters in the boxes to complete the words. Use
the given clues as to your guide.
1. Shedding of the blood from the lining of the uterus.
n t a o

2. Lining of the uterus

e d t r m

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3. First menstrual period
m n h e

4. State in which a woman carries a fertilized egg inside her body.

r g n y

5. Counted from the first day of 1 period to the first day of the next period.

y l

Activity 2
Directions: Write a paragraph describing the menstrual cycle on the space
provided.

KEYWORDS TO INCLUDE

uterus cycle egg cell

lining sperm cell ovulation

mature fertilization ovary

menstruation

Ovary
Write your answer here. ovulation

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Directions: Encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. Which phase does pregnancy be possible?

A. follicular phase. C. menstruation phase
B. luteal phase D. ovulation phase

2. Which menstrual cycle phase happened when the uterine linings begin
to break down and bleeding results?
A. follicular phase. C. menstruation phase
B. luteal phase D. ovulation phase

3. Which phase does occur when the matured eggs travel from the ovary to
the uterus?
A. follicular phase. C. menstruation phase
B. luteal phase D. ovulation phase

4. Which day of the menstrual cycle is completed when the endometrium or

the lining of the uterus starts to thicken as the effect of the release of the
estrogen hormone?
A. days 1-7 C. days 12-17
B. days 8-11 D. days 18-28

5. Which diagram shows that a mature egg is released from the ovary?

A. C.

B. D.

6. Which diagram shows that the endometrium is being shed?

A. C. C.

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 B. D. D.

7. Which day of the onset of the menstrual phase occurs?

A. days 1-7 C. days 12-17
B. days 8-11 D. days 18-28

8. Which of the following best describes menstruation?

A. the female body preparing for pregnancy
B. the monthly shedding of the lining of the uterus
C. the preparation period of a female’s body to give birth.
D. the fertilization of the female’s mature egg inside the uterus.

9. What do you call the process when menstrual blood passes away from the
uterus through the vagina?
A. menarche C. menopause
B. menstruation D. ovulation

10. Which best describes ovulation?

A. occurs when the endometrium or the lining of the uterus starts to
thicken
B. occurs when the surrounding cells release estrogen hormone
into the bloodstream.
C. occurs when the follicle starts to develop into a hormone-producing
a structure called corpus luteum
D. occurs when an ovum is released from the ovarian follicle to
the nearest fallopian tube during the menstrual cycle.

References:

Evelyn T. Sarte, Science Beyond Boarders TextBook

Pp54-59
Internet:
https://tinyurl.com/y5pbtubp
https://tinyurl.com/y6ywog5k
https://tinyurl.com/yyv7d9gr

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 10
1.endometrium is
shed
POST TEST LOOKING
2.Egg matures BACK
1.D Lining 3.Egg is released
2.C thickening 4.Egg dies if not
3.D Days fertilized 1.Sterility
4.B
5.Lining starts to 2.Scrotum
5.A
thicken 3.Ovary
6.B
7.A 4.Cervix
8.B Ovulation 5.Penis
9.B Days 6.Vulva
10.D 1.Menstruation
ACTIVITY 1 7.uterus
2.If egg is fertilized 8.Erection
Menstruatio it settles into thick
Check your..ACTIVITY 1
n Days lining
3.egg released
during ovulation PRE-
4.egg dies if not TEST
1.B 1.B
ACTIVITY 3 fertilized
2. C 2. A
Check your.. 5.lining starts to
3.D 3.C
thicken
4. E 4.C
5.A 1.Menstruation
ACTIVITY 2 5.D
2.Endometrium 6.D
3.Menarche 7.D
4.pregnacy 8.B
5.cycle 9.B
Check your..ACTIVITY 2 ACTIVITY 1 10. C
ACTIVITIES:
Answer Key