DPP 1 - Basics JEE Main 2021 Crash Course

Hints & Solutions MathonGo

Sol 1: We have
1

y = a ⋅
1

1−loga x
and z = a
1−log y
a

⇒ log
a
y =
1

1−loga x
and loga z =
1

1−loga y

loga y−1 loga y

⇒ log
a
x =
loga y
and 1 − loga z =
loga y−1

1
⇒ loga x =
1−loga z

1 k
⇒ k = [∵ x = a ∴ log x = k]
1−loga z a

Sol 2: We have,
x x+4
6 = 7

⇒ x log 6 = (x + 4) log 7
4 log 7 4 log 7 4c
⇒ x = = =
log 6−log 7 log 2+log 3−log 7 a+b−c

Sol 3: SOLUTION We have,

x y
5 = (0.5) = 1000

⇒ x = log 1000 and y = log 1000

5 0.5
1 1
⇒ − = log 5 − log 0.5
x y 1000 1000

1 1 5 1
⇒ − = log ( ) = log 10. = log 310 =
x y 1000 0.5 1000 10 3

log x log y log z

Sol 4: We have, 1
=
2
=
5
log x log y log z 4 log x+3 log y−2 log z
⇒ = = =
1 2 5 4+6−10

⇒ 4 log x + 3 log y − 2 log z = 0

4 3 −2 4 3 −2
⇒ log (x y z ) = 0 ⇒ x y z = 1

Sol 5: We have,
x = log bc, y = log ca, z = log ab
a b c

⇒ x + 1 = log bc + log a, y + 1 = log ca + log bz + 1 = log ab + log c

a a b b c c

⇒ x + 1 = log abc, y + 1 = log abc, z + 1 = log abc

a b c
1 1 1
⇒ + + = log a + log b + log c
x+1 y+1 z+1 abc abc abc

1 1 1
⇒ + + = log abc = 1
x+1 y+1 z+1 abc

Sol 6: We have
1 1 1 1
+ + + … +
log2 n log3 n log4 n log43 n

= log 2 + log 3 + log 4 + … + log 43

n n n n

= log (2 × 3 × 4 × … × 43) = log 43!

n n

Sol 7: SOLUTION We have,

1 1 1 1 n(n+1)
+ + + … + =
log2 a log4 a log8 a log2n a λ

2 3 n n(n+1)
⇒ log 2 + log 2 + log 2 + … + log 2 =
a a a a λ
n(n+1)
⇒ log 2 + 2 log 2 + 3 log 2 + … + n log 2 =
a a a a λ
n(n+1)
⇒ (1 + 2 + … + n) log 2 =
a λ
n(n+1) n(n+1)
⇒ loga 2 =
2 λ
1 1 2
⇒ log 2 = ⇒ λ = 2 log a = log a
2 a λ 2 2

Sol 8: We have,
log 5 = x and log 6 = y
4 5

5 = 4 and 6 =
x y
⇒ 5
x y
⇒ 6 = (4 )
xy
⇒ 6 = 4
1
2xy 2xy−1 2xy−1
⇒ 2 × 3 = 2 ⇒ 3 = 2 ⇒ 3 = 2
1
⇒ log3 2 =
2xy−1
Sol 9: SOLUTION We have,
log a × log y × log z = log y × log z = log z
x a y x y x

logx a×loga y×logy z logx z loga N

∴ x = x = z [∵ a = 1]

Sol 10: We have,

loge x+log√e x+log3 x+…+log10 x
√e √e
e

55
= (1 + 2 + 3 + … + 10) log x = 55 log x = log x
e e e
55
loge x+log√e x+loge
→ x+…+log10 x loge x 55
∴ e e
= e = x

2
Sol 11: We have, 9log 3
(log2 x)
= log
2
x − (log
2
x) + 1
2 log3 (log2 x) 2
⇒ 3 = log x − (log x) + 1
2 2
2
log3 (log2 x) 2
⇒ 3 = log x − (log x) + 1
2 2
2 2
⇒ (log2 x) = log2 x − (log2 x) + 1
2
⇒ 2(log x) − log x − 1 = 0
2 2

⇒ (2 log x + 1) (log x − 1) = 0
2 2
1 −1/2
⇒ log2 x = − , log2 x = 1 ⇒ x = 2 ,2
2

Sol 12: We have,

3 2 5
{ (log3 x} +(log3 x)− }
4 4
x = √3
3 2 5
⇒ (log x) + (log x) − = log √3
4 3 3 4 x

3 2 5 1
⇒ (log3 x) + log3 x − =
4 4 2 log3 x

3 3 2 5
⇒ (log x) + 2(log x) − (log x) − 1 = 0
2 3 3 2 3
3 2
⇒ 3(log x) + 4(log x) − 5 (log x) − 2 = 0
3 3 3

⇒ (log x − 1) (3 log x + 1) (log x + 2) = 0

3 3 3
1 −1/3 −2
⇒ log3 x = 1, − , −2 ⇒ x = 3, 3 ,3
3

Clearly, x takes two rational values and an irrational value.

Sol 13: The given equation is meaningful, if x > 0 and x ≠ 1

Now, x log√x 2x
= 4
2
2 logx 2x logx 4x 2
⇒ x = 4 ⇒ x = 4 ⇒ 4x = 4 ⇒ x = ±1

But, x > 0 and x ≠ 1

Hence, the given equation has no solution.

Sol 14: We have,

89 πr
∑ log10 tan
r=1 180

π 2π 45π 89π
= log {tan × tan × … . . × tan × … × tan }
10 180 180 180 180

= log 1 = 0
10

Sol 15: We have,

3 4
10 < 6730.40 < 10

⇒ 3 < log 6730.40 < 4 ⇒ [log 6730.40] = 3

10 10

Sol 16: We have,

x x−1
3 = 4

⇒ x log 3 = (x − 1) log 4
10 10

⇒ x = (x − 1) log 4
3

⇒ x = 2(x − 1) log 2
3

⇒ x (2 log 2 − 1) = 2 log 2
3 3
2 log3 2
⇒ x =
2 log3 2−1

2 log3 2
Now, x =
2 log3 2−1

2 2
⇒ x = 1
=
2− 2−log2 3
log 2
3
 1 1 1
⇒ x = 1
= =
1− log2 3 1−log2 2 1−log4 3
2

Hence, option (a), (b) and (c) are correct and option (d) is not correct