Baroque Architecture

4/4/22, 10:08 PM Baroque Architecture
Preethimol Gopi
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Baroque Architecture
Preethimol Gopi
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Published Apr 18, 2021
Introduction
Baroque architecture is a unique pleasing style that arose in Italy

in the finale of the 16th century, and later on, extended through
Europe. It was a dramatic and extended form of renaissance
architecture that was prevailing in Europe during the
15th century. The “Italian Baroque architecture was primarily
found in churches and palaces in Italy, Spain, Portugal, France,
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/baroque-architecture-preethimol-gopi 1/10
and Austria”. It was more dramatic and theatrical in its outlook

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and appearance, hence it gained more importance than old
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architectural forms. Baroque architecture was founded by famous

architect Christopher Wren (“Baroque Architecture: Definition,
History, Characteristics,” n.d.). The most famous “extravagant

style of baroque architecture are St. Charles Church Vienna,
Schonbrunn Palace, Belvedere Palace, old Vienna city hall,
imperial stables, St peter’s Basilica Vatican, Church of the Jesu,
Palace of Versailles and many more. The generic features include
its composite plan and designs, oval shape, and the specialties
are “grandeur, dramatic outlook, contrast, lighting, curvy shape,
array-based surface, glided statuary, etc.” more specifically,
bright colors and attractive paintings on ceiling and layers is
commendable. When it comes to France classic elements were
added and it expanded to central Europe, Britain, and Spain, and
so on. Therefore, Baroque is dramatic and theatrical in its
appearance and it overpowered the previous
architectures (“Baroque architecture | Definition, Characteristics,
& Facts,” n.d.).
Baroque architecture: Early stage
Earlier baroque structure was “meant to be a pearl with

movements, and striations” (“Baroque Architecture,” 2020). The
baroque style architecture was initially evolved in Italy and spread
across various parts and its scope and expansion was not much
appreciated in early stages. The earlier renaissance models were
palaces and churches and later it transformed to its various
models like “cathedrals, parish churches, and monastic buildings,

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royal palaces, town planningVerifying...
structures etc.”(“Baroque
Architecture: Definition, History, Characteristics,” n.d.). Thus we
can see a shift from traditional palaces and churches to the town
planning where it preplanned to crate great parks, gardens outside

the residential buildings. These architecture repealed old, simple
plans and started using “ground plans” which greatly focused to
have a better look from the top, but this plan was much more
complicated, gorgeous, and vibrant. Baroque plans earlier the
renaissance architects used square, or circle or cross for ground
plans, but baroque shifted to oval, which is bit tougher than the
prior. The points noted by "Baroque Architecture: Definition,
History, Characteristics,” (n. d.), has noted that “Francesco
Borromini” had found a honey shaped church, and other with
convex and concave walls. Later on other architects established
buildings with different designs using name of the king etc. The
early baroques was St Peters Basilica, which is mix of renaissance
and baroque, include central plan design, Latin cross and front
extension etc. later baroques had been mixed with western culture
and it is more classic. It used “double sloped mansard roof”, the
Chateaux and Palace of Versailles were belonged to this class. The
common types are Italian, French and Spanish Baroques and
classifications were early, high and late baroques (“Baroque
architecture,” 2021).
Baroque architecture: The design, style and technology
The Preethimol
BaroqueGopibuildings had a unique ground plan and curving
walls as their features. The baroque architecture innovations were
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not limited to its ground plan, but these buildings were the pioneer
of “idea of movement”. Baroque buildings had a unique

characteristics of curved walls, which is either regular curves and

counter curves and columns. Even the interior designs had curves
on walls. It also had used devices like “volutes, scrolls, ears,
architectural and ornamental elements like ribbon curls at ends
for the exterior of the building. The buildings had listed a tradition
on its representations (“Baroque Architecture: Definition, History,
Characteristics,” n.d.). It is always a combination of Bernini,
Borromini and Crotona’s architecture and it also shows a religious
supremacy and beliefs and worship patterns in that period.
The generic features of visual and theatrical effects

included;
Domes: The interior of the buildings had paints “ sky filled with
angels, sun beams, and heavenly vision” (“Baroque architecture,”
2021).
Quadrature: it was an illusion replicating painting of “saints and

angels with stucco frames and decoration. It had three dimensions
and found Atlantes on some paintings (“Baroque architecture,”
2021).
Grand stairways: The stairways had a central region with dramatic

Preethimol Gopi
them which give different views and it was a place of
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ceremonies (“Baroque architecture,” 2021).

Cartouche: these were the pictographs with “sculpted frames and

forms” which give three D views to the building walls (“Baroque
Mirrors: paced which provide a hollow of deep and bigger place.

These can be found at “ Hall of mirrors and Palace of
Versailles”. (“Baroque architecture,” 2021).
Incomplete architecture: some places they have created

incompleteness which gives a disorienting eye(“Baroque
Chiaroscuro: which is a type of art which is a combo of dark and

light which gives a better impression and in-depth and dramatic 3-
D view (“Baroque architecture,” 2021).
Overhead Sculpture: “this was widely used with a potty figures of

small male child on ceiling which is of wood material, plaster or
stucco, marble etc. which gives a dramatic impressive outlook of
floating in the air” (“Baroque architecture,” 2021).
Solomonic column or “Barley sugar column with a spiraling

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twisting shaft with motion”. (“Baroque
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Elliptical or oval spaces were widely used and they have tried to
avoid right angles (“Baroque architecture,” 2021).
Baroque: Architecture with Vaults and Buttresses
The Baroque churches were formed with vaulted and domed roofs
and “counterthrust” buttress to extract the outward pressure.
Christopher Wren has used walls up to the nave to support the
buttresses and walls. He has used the technology of quadratura for
this purpose (“Baroque Architecture: Definition, History,
Characteristics,” n.d.). The Baroque architecture was single by
having a combination of many elements like faced, ground plan,
interior designs, dome, etc. the facade was facing outside and it
had storeys which were vertically having elements like “columns,
pilasters, cornices, or pediments from the wall” by replacing the
old vertical storey. The traditional outlook of the architecture was
driven from the sculptures and paintings used. The “Baroque
Architecture: Definition, History, Characteristics,” (n. d. ) also
noted that generally baroque buildings are “complex, surprising
and dynamic” in its features.
The Light and “rising and falling” order:
The light had given many effects on Baroque buildings and they
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have covered its exterior and interior which given a dramatic and
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theatrical effect”. This is not giving light to all parts, but by

concentrating on some parts and other parts given a shadow effect
or darkness. The decoration of the building also brought many

features to the light effect. Thus, the light has made manipulated
vibrant look to the buildings (“Baroque Architecture: Definition,
History, Characteristics,” n.d.)
The buildings of Baroque model used orders like “Tuscan, Doric,

Ionic, Corinthian and Composite” which are always different from
each other proportionately with its columns, pilasters and vertical
liking and soon” (“Baroque Architecture: Definition, History,
Characteristics,” n.d.).
Italian, French and German Baroque Architectures:
Italy was the origin of baroque architecture and later it

transcended to other places like French, Germany, and Britain etc.
The major professional architects in Italy were “Bernini,
Borromini, Pietro da Crotona and Guarino Guarini etc. and they
even had different accent and styles in baroque models. The
famous St. Peter’s Basilica belongs to this group and it shows
transformation from renaissance, and it also represents the
“Christian art” (“Baroque Architecture: Definition, History,
Characteristics,” n.d.).
The French Baroque architecture was a different form of baroque

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model in France where the pioneers were “Salomon de Brosse,
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Francois Mansart, Louis Le Vau, and Jacques Lemercier

etc”. Here, besides personality classification of school in which

they belonged was significant. They have used French decorative

art and French furniture were used(“Baroque Architecture:
Definition, History, Characteristics,” n.d.). The German baroque
architecture was much similar to Italian model, which was
prominent in Austria and Germany. But in Germany, baroque
came late in 17th century due to the presence of war. The major
architects were “Johann Bernhard, Fischer von Erlach, and
Johann Lukas von Hidebrandt etc.” (“Baroque Architecture:
Definition, History, Characteristics,” n.d.).
Conclusion:
Baroque architecture was a model developed in Italy and spread

across different regions in the later evolutionary stages. The
commonly found classifications are Italian Baroque architecture,
French Baroques and German Baroques. This model was
developed by replacing the existing renaissance model of
architectures and became a largely “decorative and theatrical”
model. The evidences proves that Baroque models is closely
associated with Catholic Churches and palaces(“Baroque
architecture,” 2021). It has taken its base from the “renaissance

Preethimol Gopi
architecture”, but eliminated rectangles and its general features.
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The Domes, Colonnades, were taken from early period. But

baroque model has introduced many interior and exterior effects,

lighting mechanism, dramatic views and ceiling decorations

etc. (“Baroque architecture,” 2021).
The (“Baroque Architecture,” 2020) notes that baroque

architecture is a continuation of renaissance architecture, but it
always shows its reaction against it renaissance by modeling and
innovating. The basic features were taken from renaissance and
decorated in a “dramatic and theatrical way”. Thus, this baroque
model proves that, it finds scope for inventing and provides an
“artistic expression”.
References:
Baroque architecture, 2021. . Wikipedia.
Baroque architecture | Definition, Characteristics, & Facts

[WWW Document], n.d. . Encyclopedia Britannica. URL
https://www.britannica.com/art/Baroque-architecture
Preethimol Gopi
(accessed 4.10.21).
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Baroque Architecture: Definition, History, Characteristics
[WWW Document], n.d. URL http://www.visual-arts-
cork.com/history-of-art/baroque-architecture.htm (accessed
4.10.21).
Baroque Architecture: The History, The Form, and The Artists

[WWW Document], 2020. . Indonesia Design. URL
https://indonesiadesign.com/story/baroque-architecture
(accessed 4.10.21).
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4/4/22, 10:08 PM Baroque Architecture

HULE ADDIS ENTERTAINMENT

Baroque architecture is a unique pleasing style that arose in Italy

and Austria”. It was more dramatic and theatrical in its outlook

architectural forms. Baroque architecture was founded by famous

History, Characteristics,” n.d.). The most famous “extravagant

Baroque architecture: Early stage

Earlier baroque structure was “meant to be a pearl with

models like “cathedrals, parish churches, and monastic buildings,

planning where it preplanned to crate great parks, gardens outside

Baroque architecture: The design, style and technology

of “idea of movement”. Baroque buildings had a unique

characteristics of curved walls, which is either regular curves and

The generic features of visual and theatrical effects

Quadrature: it was an illusion replicating painting of “saints and

Grand stairways: The stairways had a central region with dramatic

ceremonies (“Baroque architecture,” 2021).

Cartouche: these were the pictographs with “sculpted frames and

Mirrors: paced which provide a hollow of deep and bigger place.

Incomplete architecture: some places they have created

Chiaroscuro: which is a type of art which is a combo of dark and

Overhead Sculpture: “this was widely used with a potty figures of

Solomonic column or “Barley sugar column with a spiraling

HULE ADDIS ENTERTAINMENT

Baroque: Architecture with Vaults and Buttresses

The Light and “rising and falling” order:

theatrical effect”. This is not giving light to all parts, but by

or darkness. The decoration of the building also brought many

The buildings of Baroque model used orders like “Tuscan, Doric,

Italian, French and German Baroque Architectures:

Italy was the origin of baroque architecture and later it

The French Baroque architecture was a different form of baroque

Francois Mansart, Louis Le Vau, and Jacques Lemercier

etc”. Here, besides personality classification of school in which

they belonged was significant. They have used French decorative

Baroque architecture was a model developed in Italy and spread

architecture,” 2021). It has taken its base from the “renaissance

The Domes, Colonnades, were taken from early period. But

baroque model has introduced many interior and exterior effects,

lighting mechanism, dramatic views and ceiling decorations

The (“Baroque Architecture,” 2020) notes that baroque

Baroque architecture, 2021. . Wikipedia.

Baroque architecture | Definition, Characteristics, & Facts

HULE ADDIS ENTERTAINMENT

Baroque Architecture: The History, The Form, and The Artists

Like Comment Share

To view or add a comment, sign in

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