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WORKSHEET 5
FUNCTIONS

1. Which of the following relations are functions? Give

reasons: _____________________________________________

(a) R₁ = {(1, 7) (2, 7) (4, 7) (6, 7)} 

(b) R₂ = {(1, 2) (1, 3) (1, 4) (1, 5)} 

(c) R₃ = {(x, y) (y, z) (z, t) (t, v)}

ANSWER:

There are two relations considered as functions and those are: {(1, 7) (2, 7) (4, 7)
(6, 7)} and {(x, y) (y, z) (z, t) (t, v)}. But why?

(a) R₁ = {(1, 7) (2, 7) (4, 7) (6, 7)} : This relation doesn’t have a repetition in X value or
input value but there is in Y value or output value. Repetition in X value in relation can’t
be considered as a function as what the module has shown in the example 2 but in case
of Y value in relation, it can be considered as a function. If we refer to the example 1 in
the module, we can see that there is a repetition in Y value and it is still considered as a
function which is why this relation can be considered as a function.

(c) R₃ = {(x, y) (y, z) (z, t) (t, v)} : The reason why this relation is considered as a
function is that every input value corresponds to an output value and there is no
repetition in both value.

2. Which of the following arrow diagram represents functions? 

3. Let A = {3, 5, 7} and B {1, 2, 3, 4}.

Find if R = {(3, 2) (5, 4) (7, 4) 1 is a mapping from A to B.

ANSWER:

Yes, it is since, R = {(3, 2); (5, 4); (7, 4)} then Domain (R) = {3, 5, 7} = A

I observe that no two ordered pairs in R have the same first component.

Therefore, R is a mapping from A to B.

3 1
2
5
3
7 4

4. If A = {a, b, c, d}     B = {e, f, g}

Is R = {(a, e) (a, f) (a, g) (b, e) (b, f) (b, g) (c, e) (c, f) (d, g)} a function from A to B.

Give reasons to support your answer.

ANSWER:

No, this is not a function because of the repetition of X value. Based on the given
module, repetition in X Value can’t be considered as a function which there will be no
function from A to B.
5. If x, y∈ {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

Then, which of the following are function in the given set?

    (a) f₁ = {(x, y): y = x - 1}

    (b) f₂ = {(x, y): x + y < 3}

    (c) f₃ = {(x, y): x > y}

    (d) f₄ = {(x, y): x + y = 4}

6. Let A = {-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3} and B = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}.

Consider the rule f(x) = x².

Find domains (f) and range (f).

ANSWER:

Consider the rule f(x) = x2

x = -3 y=9

x = -2 y=4

x = -1 y=1

x=0 y=0

x=1 y=1

x=2 y=4

x=3 y=9

DOMAIN: {-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3}

RANGE: {0, 1, 4, 9}

7. Given f(x) = 3x – 1. Find:  (i) f (-2) (ii) f (5) (iii) f (0)

ANSWER:
(i): f ( -2 ) = 3 ( -2 ) – 1

= -6 – 1

= -7

(ii): f ( 5 ) =3(5)–1

= 15 – 1

= 14
(iii): f ( 0 ) =3(0)–1

=0–1

= -1

8. Let f(x) = x² + 1, x∈R, find,

(a) f (2) - f (1)

(b) f (1) - f (0)

(c) f (-2) - f (-3)

9. Let f(x) = ((4x – 3))/ ((5x + 1)), x ∈ R. Find:

(a) f (-1) (b) f (1) (c) f (-1) + f (1)

ANSWER:

Let f(x) = ((4x – 3))/ ((5x + 1)),

f( -1 ) = ((4 (-1) – 3))/ ((5 (-1) + 1)),

f( -1 ) = (( -4 – 3))/ (( -5 + 1)),
 f( -1 ) = (( -7 ))/ (( -4 )),

Let f(x) = ((4x – 3))/ ((5x + 1)),

f( 1 ) = ((4 ( 1 ) – 3))/ ((5 ( 1 ) + 1)),

f( 1 ) = (( 4 – 3))/ (( 5 + 1)),

f( 1 ) = (( 1 ))/ (( 6 )),

Let f(x) = ((4x – 3))/ ((5x + 1)),

10. If f(x) = 5x + 3, x∈R.

If f(x) = 13, find the value of x.

ANSWER:

f(x) = 5x + 3, x∈R.

f( 13 ) = 5x + 3, x∈R.

13 – 3 = 5x

10 = 5x

x = 10

x=2

11. A function f: R → R is defined by f(x) = x³.

Determine range of f.

ANSWER:
 3
Let f: R→R:f(x)= x ,∀∈R

Then, domain of f=R and range of f=R. we have

x -3 - -1 0 1 2 3
2

f -27 - -1 0 1 8 27
(x) 8

12. What is difference between relation and a function? Is every relation a function? Why?

ANSWER:

The difference between a relation and a function is that a relation can have multiple outputs for
a single input, but a function only has one input and one output. This is the most important
factor in distinguishing between relation and function. Functions are relations that connect one
set of inputs to another set of outputs, whereas relations are a group of ordered pairings from
one set of objects to another set of objects.
As a result, all functions are relations, but not all relations are functions.

Sets of lists are used to define both functions and relations. There can't be two lists in a function
that disagree exclusively on the last element. This would imply that the function has two values
for the same set of arguments. In relation, on the other hand, there can be any number of lists
that agree on everything but the last element.

Classify the relation as a function if each input value only has one output value. Do not classify
a relation as a function if any input value leads to two or more outputs. A function is a relation in
which each input has only one output.

13. Let A = {-1, 0, 1, 2} and B = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}.

Consider a rule f(x) = x². Find the domain (f) and range (f).

ANSWER:

Consider a rule f(x) = x².

x = -1 y=1

x=0 y=0

x=1 y=1

x=2 y=4

DOMAIN: {-1, 0, 1, 2}

RANGE: { 0, 1, 4, }

14. Let A = {1, -1, 2, -2, 3, -3} and B = {1, 4, 9}.

Consider the rule f(x) = x², where x∈A.

Draw the arrow diagram to represent the rule f(x) = x² from A to B. Also, find domain and range
of mapping.