Unit 5.

INVENTIONS
PHONETICS
1. Choose the compound with different stress.
1. A. computer screen B. back door C. alarm clock D. bank manager
2. A. toothache B. night club C. crossroads D. half-price
3. A. motorbike B. waiting room C. second class D. traffic lights
4. A. mobile phone B. credit card C. swimming pool D. check-in desk
5. A. travel agent B. city centre C. tourist visa D. supermarket
2. Fil1 each gap with a suitable compound below and practise the dialogue.
birthday present wine bar handbag boyfriend earrings
A: Oh, no. I can’t find my (1) _____________________________.
B: Have you looked in your (2) _____________________?
A: Of course.
B: Maybe, you left them in that (3) _____________________ last night.
A: Oh, no, maybe I did.
B: Are they important?
A: Yes, they were a (4) _____________________ from my (5) _____________________.

VOCABULARY
1. Fill each gap with the correct form of the word in brackets to complete the sentences.
1. There’s increasing demand for cars which are more ____________________ (economy) on fuel.
2. I’ve always thought he was a ____________________ (wonder) actor.
3. They’ve always ____________________ (courage) me in everything I’ve wanted to do.
4. The world changed rapidly after the ____________________ (invent) of the telephone.
5. The move from TV to film was a logical ____________________ (develop) in her career.
6. Painting is a relatively ____________________ (expensive) way to enhance your home.
7. The country is heavily ____________________ (depend) on oil and gas imports.
8. Freedom of ____________________ (choose) is very important to many people.
9. A woman of her ____________________ (able) will easily find a job.
10. This will reduce the ____________________ (environment) risks to employees’ health.
2. Fill each gap in the passage with a suitable word below.
computers medal business enthusiasts possessions
heroes system plane memory van
One of my greatest (1) __________________ is Steve Wozniak, who was working at Hewlett Packard
when Steve Jobs persuaded him to become his (2) ____________________ partner. They didn’t have any
money, so they sold their most valuable (3) ____________________ to raise the money for their venture. These
included Wozniaks scientific calculator and Jobs’ Volkswagen camper (4) ____________________. Together
they founded Apple.
Wozniak wrote most of the software for the operating (5) ____________________. He created the
Apple I for computer (6) ____________________ and Apple II, the world’s first personal computer, for the
general public. It became one of the most popular personal (7) ____________________ of the 1970s and 1980s.
The Apple computer’s big advantage was that it was easy to use. In 1981, Wozniak was flying his (8)
____________________ when he had a bad crash which resulted in (9) ____________________ loss. In 1985,
he and Jobs received the National Technology (10) ___________________ from Ronald Reagan, the American
President. He finally left Apple in 1987.
3. Fill each gap with the correct form of the word in brackets to complete the passage.
One of the most important (1) ____________________ (achieve) in the history of the motorcar was the
development of the Model-T Ford in 1813, which was the first car to be produced in a large scale. The (2)
____________________ (invent) of this method of production was Henry Ford, the (3) ___________________
(found) of the Ford Motor Company.
The production line, as it came to be (4) _________________ (know), offered employment to thousands
of (5) ____________________ (work). It cut costs as well, making cars (6) ____________________ (afford) to
many (7) ____________________ (custom). In addition, the replacement of old work practices made cars more
(8) ____________________ (rely), while numerous improvements to the inferior of the car made driving a (9)
____________________ (please). So car owners thank Henry Ford for his enormous (10) _________________
(contribute) to the car industry.
4. Read the following passage and choose the best answer.
If you ask anyone who (1) ____ television, they will tell you that it was John Logie Baird. While Baird
was, of course, extremely important in the history of television, it would be more (2) ____ to see his role as part
of a link of events which finally led to television as we (3) ____ it today.
The history of television really began in 1871 with the (4) ____ by Berzelius, a Swiss chemist, of the
chemical selenium. It was found that the amount of electric current that could carry selenium (5) ____ on how
much light struck it. This discovery led to G. R. Carey, an American inventor, (6) ____ up with the first real
television system in 1875. His system used selenium to transmit a picture along wires to a (7) ____ of light
bulbs. This picture was not clear, however. Over the next few years, a number of scientists and inventors
simplified and (8) ____ on Carey’s system. It was not (9) ____ 1923 that Baird made the first practical
transmission. Once again, the picture was (10) ____ through wires, but it was much clearer than Carey’s mostly
fifty years (11) ____.
The Second World War (12) ____ the development of television. After the war, television (13) ____
began to flood the market, with the first mass TV (14) ____ watching the baseball World Series in the American
in 1947. Within a few years, television had captured the (15) ____ of the whole world.
1. A. noticed B. found C. invented D. conceived
2. A. real B. accurate C. specific D. particular
3. A. know B. realise C. comprehend D. distinguish
4. A. sighting B. finding C. location D. discovery
5. A. relied B. affected C. depended D. resulted
6. A. going B. coming C. making D. doing
7. A. row B. list C. queue D. procession
8. A. bettered B. extended C. developed D. approved
9. A. after B. until C. up to D. then
10. A. sent B. pushed C. transferred D. transported
11. A. ago B. after C. before D. later
12. A waited B. cancelled C. abandoned D. delayed
13. A. sets B. boxes C. machines D. models
14. A. assembly B. audience C. gathering D. group
15. A. notice B. awareness C. attention D. observation
Contact zalo: 0344371627
GRAMMAR
1. Fill each gap in the sentences with the correct form of a suitable verb below.
meet leave be buy hurt
think come walk teach want
1. Remember _______________________ some milk on your way home tonight.
2. I’m busy at the moment. Would you mind __________________________ back later?
3. I’m sorry, Huy. I didn’t mean ____________________ your feelings.
4. When she was a child, her parents wouldn’t allow her ____________________ in the streets.
 5. There must be something wrong with An. He keeps ____________________ he’s being followed by a
detective.
6. As they’d received a bomb threat, the police ordered everyone ___________________ the building.
7. I remember ____________________________ to be a pop star when I was a little boy.
8. Phong agreed ____________________ me English if I helped him with French.
9. His brother really enjoys going to parties and ____________________ new people.
10. The film star disguised herself to avoid ____________________ recognised.
2. Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Michael Crichton, who died in 2008, always (1) ____________________ (enjoy/ write) even when he
was very young. At the age of fourteen, he (2) _____________________ (manage/ get) a column published in
The New York Times. It’s not surprising that he (3) ____________________ (plan/ study) literature. He went to
Harvard University although he (4) _____________________ (decide/ change) course while he was there and
got a degree in biological anthropology. After that, he went on to study at Harvard School of Medicine and it
was at this time that he (5) ____________________ (start/ write).
Crichton (6) ____________________ (admit/ be) a workaholic and often slept for four hours a day or
less while he was writing. His books are full of scientific detail (7) ____________________ (help/ readers/
understand) exactly how the things he is describing work, for example how dinosaurs could come back to life
from DNA in Jurassic Park. His books often describe problems that can happen when scientists (8)
____________________ (fail/ think) carefully about what they are doing, something he believed was true in
real life. Crichton also (9) ____________________ (want/ become) a film director and worked on a number of
films. He also (10) ____________________ (help/ create) the television series ER.
3. Fill each gap with the present perfect tense of a suitable verb below.
delay disappear discover give leave
arrest close die marry set fire
1. Mr Long ____________________________ his long-time girlfriend, Ms Lan.
2. His father ________________________ at the age of 78.
3. Once again, bad weather _____________________ the tennis final.
4. The Foreign Minister _____________________ London for a two-day visit to Rome.
5. A plane of 150 people _____________________ in the French Alps.
6. Demonstrators _____________________ to cars in a suburb of Paris.
7. Heavy snow _____________________ hundreds of roads in Scotland.
8. An American businessman _____________________ $10 million to cancer research.
9. Customs officers _________________________ three suspected drug smugglers at the airport.
10. A farmer ________________________________ hundreds of Roman coins in a field.
4. Choose the correct answer.
1. Did you remember bread when you were out?
A. to buy B. buying C. both
2. We regret ____ that the flight to Amsterdam will be delayed for one hour.
A. to announce B. announcing C. both
3. I like ____ through my lunch break so that I can leave the office early.
A. to work B. working C. both
4. ____ you like to come out with me this evening?
A. Do B. Would C. both
5. I really love ____ at the sea.
A. to look B. looking C. both
6. They don’t allow people ____ inside the building.
A. to smoke B. smoking C. both
7. If we buy a house it will mean ____ a lot of money.
 A. to borrow B. borrowing C. both
8. “My computer won’t work.” - “Try ____ it on.”
A. to switch B. switching C. both
9. I can hear somebody ____ up the stairs.
A. come B. coming C. both
10. I hate ____ this, but your hair looks terrible.
A. to say B. saying C. both
5. Put each verb in brackets into either the past simple, present perfect simple or present perfect
continuous.
I (1) __________________ (move) to London three weeks ago to take up a new post at my company’s
London office. Ever since then, I (2) ______________________ (wonder) if I (3) __________________ (make)
the right decision. I (4) __________________ (see) a lot of negative things about living in the capital, and I
can’t say London (5) __________________ (make) a very favourable impression on me. It’s so polluted and
expensive, and the people are so distant. You see, I (6) __________________ (grow up) in a fairly small town
called Devizes and I (7) __________________ (spend) all of my life there. I (8) _________________________
(always/ want) to live in a big city and so when my company (9) __________________ (offer) me a job in
London, I (10) __________________ (jump) at the chance.
I think I’m not alone in my aversion to the big city. According to a programme I (11) _______________
(just/ hear) on the radio, more and more people (12) __________________ (stop) working in London recently,
and a lot of large companies (13) ___________________________ (choose) to move away from the centre. Oh
well, it’s too late to change my mind now, because the job is up and running, and I (14) __________________
(already/ sell) my house in Devizes. But I must admit, over the past few days, I (15) ______________________
(secretly/ hope) that the company would relocate me back to my old town.

READING
1. Fill each gap (1 -6) with a suitable questions (A-F).
The Internet is without doubt one of the most important inventions in history. It was started in 1968 by
the US government, but at first it was used mainly by scientists. Since 1990 when the World Wide Web was
created, it has changed the world, and its uses are growing every day.
(1) _________________
The Internet is a network (several networks, in fact) of millions of computers around the world,
connected by phone lines, satellite or cable, so that all the computers on the net can exchange information with
each other.
(2) _________________
Not quite. The Internet links computers. And the World Wide Web is a system which links the
information stored inside these computers.
(3) _________________
A company or organisation stores its information in electronic documents on one of the Internet
computers, somewhere in the world. This computer space - the company’s website - has an address, in the same
way as the telephone has a number. To visit a website, you simply enter the address. Your computer is
connected to the website, a document is downloaded, and a page appears on your computer screen.
(4) _________________
When you visit a website looking for information, some words on the page may be underlined, showing
that there is more information about the subject in another document. If you click on one of these words, the
Web automatically connects your computer to a new document or website, even if this is stored thousands of
kilometres away. You are surfing the net!
(5) _________________
The main use of the Internet is to find information, for your schoolwork or job, or just to find out more
about your hobbies, sports or current events. You can also use the Internet to read newspapers and magazines,
play games, plan your holiday or buy things from your favourite shop. E-mail makes it possible to send
electronic messages anywhere in the world in seconds, and you can use the Internet to chat with people and
make new friends.
(6) _________________
If you don’t already use the Internet, all you need to get started is a computer, a modem and a phone
line. Using the Internet is cheaper and easier all the time. Are you ready to surf the net? There’s a whole
exciting Internet world out there waiting for you!
A. What exactly is the Internet?
B. What do I need in order to use the Internet?
C. How do I surf the net?
D. That’s the same thing as the Web, isn’t it?
E. What can I use the Internet for?
F. What is a website and how do I use one?
2. Fill each gap in the passage with a suitable word.
Everyone has heard of Bill Gates, (1) _________________ of the richest and most successful people in
the world. Microsoft, the business he started (2) _____________ a friend in 1975, has become the worlds largest
computer software company, and Gates was the world’s youngest billionaire at the (3) _______________ of 31.
His full name is William Henry Gates III, and he (4) _________________ born on 28th October,1955,
in Seattle, USA. At school, Bill soon showed that he was very intelligent, and especially good at Maths and
Science. His parents decided to send him to Lakeside, the private school (5) _________________ he first began
to use computers. 13-year-old Bill Gates and his school friend Paul Allen were soon spending all their time (6)
_________________ programs and learning about computers (7) _________________ of their schoolwork!
After finishing school in 1973, Bill went to Harvard, Americas most famous university, the next year,
Bill and Paul Allen wrote an operating (8) _______________ for Altair, one of the worlds first microcomputers.
The two friends started Microsoft in 1975, and Gates left Harvard. Before long, Microsoft was a major business
success. (9) _________________ then, the company has continued to grow, producing most of the worlds
leading PC software. One reason for his success is that Gates has always (10) _______________ very ambitious
and hardworking. This has not left him much time for a normal personal life, but in 1994 he married Melinda
French, a Microsoft employee, and in 1995 he wrote a best-selling (11) _________________ The Road Ahead.
Bill has mixed feelings about spending so much time running Microsoft. “There are a lot of experiences
I (12) _________________ had, but I do like my job,” he says. When he (13) _________________ find time to
relax, he likes puzzles, golf and reading about science. For such a rich person, his life is simple, and he spends
little (14) _________________ himself and his family, when it comes to helping people, though, Gates is very
generous. He has already given huge amounts of money to charity, and says that he plans to give (15)
_________________ almost all of his wealth when he retires.
3. Read the following text and choose the best answer.
Kids love gadgets, don’t they? Or perhaps it’s just that they have never lived without them? Children
today would find it hard to imagine life without mobile phones, iPods, computer games and the Internet, and
there are very few who aren’t technically literate and skilled at using them. Technology has advanced rapidly,
particularly over the last decade, and gadgets and gismos will have an ever-increasing influence on children’s
lives. A survey of young people between the ages of 8 and 18 in America showed that the average time children
spend using electronic gadgets has risen dramatically, to around 7 hours and 38 minutes a day. And some are
consuming up to 10 hours’ electronic content a day, because they use more than one gadget at the same time.
Technology has without question improved the quality of children’s lives. Children’s television can be
informative as well as entertaining, and in schools, computers are increasingly used as an aid to learning.
Educational software frequently offers children the chance to work together, take turns, discuss and solve
problems, and all computer games help to improve motor skills and hand-eye co-ordination. Computers and the
Internet offer children a sense of empowerment, and provide them with the tools and information needed to
solve problems or find things out. Texting, emailing and blogging all drive children to be more experimental
with the written word. A recent British survey showed that children who use technology are much more
confident about their writing skills. Technology also has a social role. Over 25% of British 8 to 11-year-olds
who have a computer are members of an online social network like Facebook or Bebo. They make new friends
and chat online, and consider this important, although it can also have downsides. Furthermore, good computer
skills are essential in today job market, so the more confident children are with computers, the greater the
advantage they will have when looking for a job.
Despite these considerable advantages, the press contains almost daily reports of the negative effects that
technology has on children. There is a widely held opinion that technology makes children lazy, while this isn’t
technically true, it can reduce or replace the opportunity for physical activity for some children. But is there an
even darker side? Dr Susan Greenfield believes so. She thinks that spending too long in cyberspace can actually
alter the chemistry of the brain. As some children spend between six to nine hours daily staring at a screen, she
thinks that their minds are developing differently. The more we play games, the more we are focused on the
process and the thrill of attaining the goal. When we win at something, a chemical called dopamine is released
in the brain, which makes you feel happy and so becomes addictive. What does not count here is the meaning
and content - what does the game mean? Who are the characters in the game and why are they there? This is
another level of understanding and reasoning that the brain needs and which is omitted in many computer
games. Dr Greenfield is concerned that if we don’t do enough of the right type of thinking, our brains could
become less able to function on all levels.
1. According to the text, children nowadays ____.
A. could be better at operating technology.
B. have better lives than they did ten years ago.
C. are certain to be affected by technological advances.
D. are going to have problems with technology in the future.
2. The US survey showed that ____.
A. every child spends over seven hours with gadgets.
B. American children spend more time with gadgets than other children.
C. most children use two gadgets at one time.
D. children spend more time on gadgets than ever before.
3. According to the text, technology ____.
A. can help children develop mentally and physically.
B. is the best tool for teaching children in school.
C. is used by children principally for entertainment and fun.
D. encourages children to work harder.
4. According to the text, what is another important advantage that computer skills give children?
A. They help them to use social networking sites.
B. They help with future employment.
C. They make them better at talking.
D. They make them more confident with people.
5. How does Dr Greenfield feel about computer games?
A. She thinks they stop children exercising.
B. She thinks they are harmless fun.
C. She thinks they are potentially dangerous.
D. She thinks they are good, because they produce a useful chemical.

SPEAKING
1. Look at the list of inventions. Do as the examples.
the telephone 105
the printing press 1440
paper 1876 A: I think the telephone was invented in 1901.
the ballpoint pen 1901 What do you think?
the personal computer (PC) 1924
B: I’m not sure. I think it was invented 1876.
television 1938
radio 1976
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2. Look at the inventions in 1. Which is the oldest? Which is the newest? Which do you think is most
important? Order them 1-7 (1 = most important).
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3. Put the jumbled spoken parts of Huy and Quang into a meaningful conversation.
1. Didn’t you promise to stay there at least for a year?
2. But I thought you enjoyed working in an architect’s office.
3. Well. Good luck.
4. I’ve decided to leave my job next month.
5. It sounds quite a cheerful place to me. Can’t you manage to ignore them and get on with your work?
6. But I feel like doing something different for a while.
7. Yes, I did. But I can’t stand working with those people. One of them refuses to stop talking while she
works, while another one keeps singing to himself. And then there’s a man who usually attempts to tell
awful jokes which he always gets wrong. I detest working with all that noise around me.
8. No, I can’t. I just can’t carry on going there every day. I’m hoping to go abroad for a bit.

WRITING
1. Write in the gap the word which should not be in the sentence.
1. She went to the market for to do her daily shopping.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2. I hope that to see you again someday.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
3. John is so experienced enough to take on such responsibilities.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
 4. Drawing it is a relaxing hobby.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
5. The Browns enjoy to travelling abroad when they get the chance.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
6. We had quite an adventure when we went for climbing in the Swiss Alps.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
7. I’ll never forget about travelling by plane for the first time.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
8. Lan suggested we waiting until Phong got back.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
9. As well as he studying to become a doctor, Huy works part-time as a waiter.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
10. My brother’s car needs being servicing.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Complete the second sentences using the words in brackets.
1. He arrived too late to catch the 9.30 train. (arrive)
He didn’t ________________________________________________________ the 9.30 train.
2. We started working here three years ago. (have)
We _____________________________________________________ three years.
3. Could you pass me the cheese, please? (mind)
Would you _____________________________________________________ the cheese?
4. They made her pay $500 tax for the package. (to)
She _____________________________________________________ for the package.
5. I think it’s interesting to visit Japan. (visiting)
I think _____________________________________________________.
6. Is this your first visit to South America? (been)
Have_____________________________________________________ to South America before?
7. Learning about other cultures is important. (learn)
It _____________________________________________________ other cultures.
8. Oh, no. My wallet is still in the car. (left)
I _____________________________________________________ in the car.
9. During the rush hour, it takes me over one hour to get to work. (getting)
During the rush hour, _____________________________________________________ over an hour.
10. I have difficulty in understanding his accent. (find)
I _____________________________________________________ his accent.
3. You have been asked to write a composition discussing the topic: There is no need to write letters.
Telephoning is a better way of communicating with people. Write a composition of your own (about 300
words) from what you have been guided below.
OPENING
Paragraph 1:
 introducing topic and argument
 qualifying the statement
BODY
Paragraph 2:
 points in favour of telephoning
 giving specific examples
Paragraph 3:
 introducing opposite points of view
  points against telephoning/ in favour of writing (listing reasons)
Paragraph 4:
 further support for letter writing
CONCLUSION
Paragraph 5:
 expressing personal views and summing up
 balancing the argument
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From the sentences given (1-3), find out an animal noun whose number of letters has been provided.
1. A five-letter noun

1. It’s a large and fierce animal living in the forest.

2. It belongs to the cat family.
3. It has got black stripes.
2. An eight-letter noun

1. It’s a very strong and big animal.

2. It lives in forests and eats leaves.
3. It’s grey and has got a long trunk.