Name: Harvey Andaya

Year & Section: BEED-3

Subject: GEN-ED 5

Lesson 8 Major Points

Technical Writing
Technical Writing is a composing discipline which is at times characterized as working
on the complex. It also involves communicating complex information to those who need it to
accomplish some task or goal. It often results in relevant, useful and accurate information geared
to particularly targeted audiences in order to enable a set of actions on the part of the audience in
pursuit of a defined goal. Although the dean of an engineering college once denied the very
existence of technical writing, many of us are confident of its reality. But we are not sure that we
can convince others of its uniqueness. Mills and Walter (1954), likewise note that technical
writing is “concerned with technical subject matter,” but admit the difficulty of saying precisely
what a technical subject is. In writing, they call a technical subject one that falls within science
and engineering and elaborate their view by adding large characteristics of the form namely, its
concern with scientific and technical matters, its use of a scientific vocabulary and conventional
report forms, its commitment to objectivity and accuracy, and the complexity of its task,
involving descriptions, classifications, and even more intricate problems.
Gordon H. Mills and John A. Walter, Technical Writing (New York, 1954), pp. 3-5.
Employment Interview
Employment interview or Selection Interview is known as job interview is part of the
lives of individual who aims to have a successful future. In the opinion of Werther and Davis
(1985), “The selection interview is a formal, in depth conversation conducted to evaluate the
applicants’ acceptability. Certainly, it is the most important and widely used interview type that
is conducted to find out potential suitable candidates for the vacant positions. And the purpose of
having an interview is actually twofold, in which it shows the employer what you can do for the
company or job, and it gives you an opportunity to assess whether your qualifications and career
ambitions align with the position. Therefore, an important objective of employment interview is
to assess the suitability of candidates.
Werther Jr, W. B., & Davis, K. (1985). Personnel management and human resources.
Planed Interview
Planned Interview is a conventional interview that is thoroughly planned. Thus, the
interviewer has a plan of action worked out according to time to be devoted to every candidate,
kind of data to be looked for, data to be given, the methodology of interview, etc. This kind of
interview is also called structured interview. According to a blog, it is a type of quantitative
interview that makes use of standardized sequence of questioning in order to gather relevant
information about a research subject. This type of research is mostly used in statistical
investigation and follows a premediated sequence. The structured interview may be a promising
alternative to the traditional unstructured interview (Hunter & Hunter, 1984). Therefore, in a
structure interview, the researcher creates a set of interview questions in advance and these
questions are asked in the same order so responses can be easily placed in similar categories.
Wright, P. M., Lichtenfels, P. A., & Pursell, E. D. (1989). The structured interview: Additional
studies and a meta‐analysis. Journal of occupational psychology, 62(3), 191-199.

Lesson 9 Major Points

English for academic purposes and its foundation
English for Academic Purposes refers to the language and associated practices that
people need in order to undertake study or work in English medium. (EAP) courses provide
language instruction for academic study to help people learn some of the linguistic and cultural
mainly institutional and disciplinary practices involved in studying or working through the
medium of English. This is categorized into two skills, the language and academic skills which is
addressed. On the other hand, EAP are criticized for adopting an unquestioning stance toward the
departments and disciplinary practices that students encounter. The traditional mainstream EAP
approach has been described as “accommodationist” (Benesch, 2001) and it has been suggested
that EAP too easily adopts the role of just fitting students into the mainstream activity of
department and into subordinate roles in the academic world.
Benesch, S. (2001). Critical English for academic purposes: Theory, politics, and practice.
Routledge.
Writing with Academic Integrity
Guaranteeing integrity in writing can be a challenge. Writing with integrity means the
author is writing using his or her own words and being sure to not inadvertently mislead the
reader about whether an idea was the writer’s own. It is about rephrasing ideas in the author’s
own words and understanding, while also providing credit to the original source. In another
perspective, as a student, academic integrity means making moral decisions, asking questions,
and following instructions even when faced with difficult situations. An article states that many
teachers, students, and administrators embrace the principles of academic integrity because they
know that the goals of teaching, learning, and research can only be accomplished in
environments in which ethical standards are upheld.
https://www.chapman.edu/academics/academic-integrity/_files/the-fundamental-values-of-
academic-integrity.pdf
Plagiarism
According to the Merriam-Webster online dictionary, plagiarism means to steal and pass
off as one’s own, to use without crediting the source, to commit literary theft and to present as
new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source, in short plagiarism is an act
of fraud. A survey (released in June, 2005) conducted as part of Center of Academic Integrity’s
Assessment project reveals that 40% of students admitted to engaging in plagiarism as compared
to 10% reported in 1999 (CAI 2005). Another mass survey conducted by a Rutgers University
professor in 2003 reports 38% of students involved in online plagiarism (Rutgers 2003). These
alarming figures show a gradual increase. The new generation is more aware of technology than
ever before. Plagiarism now is not confined to mere cut and paste; synonymizing and translation
technologies are giving a new dimension to plagiarism. Therefore, plagiarism is considered to be
a most serious scholastic misconduct; academia everywhere is undertaking efforts to educate the
students and teachers, by offering guides to explain types of plagiarism and how to avoid it.
https://www.plagiarism.org/article/what-is-plagiarism
(CAI 2005) The Center for Academic Integrity’s Assessment Project Research survey by Don
McCabe, http://www.academicintegrity.org/cai_research.asp, visited: 22 July 2006
(Rutgers 2003) Study at Rutgers Confirms Internet Plagiarism Is Prevalent,
http://ur.rutgers.edu/medrel/viewArticle.html?ArticleID=3408, visited: 22 July 2006

Lesson 10 Major Points

Writing Research-Based Journal Articles
Journal articles are shorter than books and written about very specific topics. A journal is
a collection of articles that is published regularly throughout the year. Journals present the most
recent research, and journal articles are written by experts, for experts. It focuses on a specific
discipline or field of study. Journal articles are typically of substantial length and usually reflect
research, whether it be surveys of existing research or discussions of original research. Most
journal articles will be prefaced with an abstract and will include extensive documentation within
the article or at the end of the article. Most research begins with a survey of existing literature on
the topic and proceeds with the development of new ideas or new research into a topic. Articles
are usually written by experts in their fields, although journals might also publish letters from
their readership commenting on articles that have been published in previous issues. Journals
might also include opinion articles or editorials. Examples of journals include Journal of the
American Medical Association, American Sociological Review, Psychological Reports,
Publications of the Modern Language Association, Educational Research Quarterly, and
Evolutionary Biology.
https://libguides.unf.edu/articletypes/definitions

Writing Research-Based Argumentative Essay

The argumentative essay is a genre of writing that requires the students to investigate a
topic and evaluate evidence and also establish a position on the topic in a concise manner. An
argumentative essay is commonly assigned as a capstone or final project in first year writing or
advanced composition courses and involves lengthy, detailed research. Thus, this generally calls
for extensive research of literature or previously published material. It also requires empirical
research where the students collect data through interviews, surveys, observations, or
experiments. In an article, it states that detailed research allows the student to learn about the
topic and to understand different points of view regarding the topic so that s/he may choose a
position and support it with the evidence collected during research. Therefore, regardless of the
amount or type of research involved, argumentative essays must establish a clear thesis and
follow sound reasoning.
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/essay_writing/
argumentative_essays.html
https://www.utoledo.edu/al/english/programs/composition/studio/genres/argument.html

Analyzing Texts
To analyze means to break something down into its parts and examine them. In an article,
Analyzing is a vital skill for successful readers. Analyzing a text involves breaking down its
ideas and structure to understand it better, think critically about it, and draw conclusions.
However, analyzing texts in the classroom is a critical issue for us today.  It is crucial for us to
learn so that we are able to understand the text that we are reading.  If students are not able to
understand the texts that they are reading, they will not be able to interpret the texts for
themselves and make the texts relevant. Therefore, students need to be taught how to analyze
texts in classrooms, which can be done through activities or projects.  One way to do this would
be to teach the students how to make a critical edition.  Teaching students how to organize and
create a critical edition will not only teach them how to analyze a text, but it will also help
students find relevance in the text that they are reading.
https://owl.excelsior.edu/orc/what-to-do-after-reading/analyzing/