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Contents
Exercise Solutions (Chapters 1 - 16)

Problem Solutions (Chapters 1- 16)

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Exercise 1--6
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Ex: 1.25 b. 1imc tnken to cross 2 J.l.ffi


T= 50K
ni ""'· BT;ne ···1Jgl(2K11 length '= ..1.~;
6.75 X Hf
:: 30 ps

""' 7.3 X IOJ\50)JI1 e-1.12112xU2/IIJ-5 x~I!J c. In n-~i driff current density Jn in


J~ ' qnJt,.E
.~ 9.6 x IO-:l9/cm3
T"'"' 350K = L6 X 10" 19 X 1{) 1t, X 1350 X l V
n; ""· BTm e. lit/l!IITI
2x w-·l
··-~ ,,~ 1.08 X A!cm2 104
"" 7.3 X JO'~(JSQ)J/1 C·-l.la/tl X $.42 X I() • X .1~01
d. Ddff current 1, = Aqnu,.-dritr
= 4.15 X 10 11 /cml ""' Aqn11n£
= 0.25 X 10·-B X 1.08 X 104
Ex: 1.26
"" 27 11A
N 0 = 10 17/cm 3
From Exercise 3.1 n1 at Note 0.25 11-m 2 = 0.25 x 10· 8 cm2
• _ dn(x)
T ,.,. 350 K = 4.15 X 1011 /cnl Sx. 1.29/,. ··· qD,--
dx
It, ""' Nv """ 10 11/cm 3 From Figure E 1 • 2 9

ni2 llu = 10 17/cm~ "" 10~ I (JJ.m) 3


p,a!-N
f) ' 4 2 >'I\
Dn " 35 <-1n·/s 35 x (10) (f.tmr /s:
(4.l5 X 10 11 ) 2 = 35 X 10~(!1-m) 2 /s
1011
dn _ 105 -0 _
····· 10'1Lm~ 2
"' 1.72 x 106 /cnl dx- -~- ·-

J , qD dn(x)
Ex: 1.27 n • lit
At 300 K, n1 = 1.5 X IOH1/cm 3 = 1.6 X 10~ 19 X 35 X 108 X 105
Pp = N" "" 56 X 10- 6 AI( 11-m )2
Want electron concentration
w = 56 11 A/( 11-m) 2
I
= TIP "" .5 X lO "' 1.5 X 104 /cm) For 1. = I mA ""1. X A
106
.2 =-> .4 = I nv\ -· . !OJ IJ:A ::::.18 lltn~
;. N A = Pp = !!!.. Jn 56 )J.AI(t.l.tn) 2
TIP

( 1.5 X 10 10{ Ex;l.30


1.5 X 104 Using equation 1 . 4 5

1.5 X 1016fcmJ D. ~ = v,.


llo li-p
Ex:l.28 Dn = Jl,V,. = 1350X25.9X w->
a. u,·driff = -~J.-nE $!; 35 cm /s 2
Here negative sign indicates that electrons ' -;!
move in a direction oppOSite toE Dp = )LpVT "' 480 X 25.9 X 10
We use a.: 12.4 cm2/s
'-'··drifT '" -!J.-.E
J<;x: 1. 31
·"-' 1350 X --=---, Equation 3 . 50
2 x Hr·4
•. . 4
"" 6.75 X 10 cm/s "'""' 6.75 x 10 mls W=

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Exercise 5-7
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In = 0.25 mA, V01• (),25 v.


VA"-"50V
=>g., ·""· 10 mA IV
v
_.:! ""· 200 k.H
lo g,. = 11 2/ n
0 ·..•.•
- ·--=>lo ''' rnA
Vol' 0.2V.

Gv ,. . TJv
l','\"i,\!

' UJno mA I V)(2 kHl


R0 "'· Rn ll r 0 :::. RJ> "'" 20 k!l "'+10
.>ttl "" Gv "" - gm(/?1> !I r11 !I Rl) ::: Ex: 5.30
CDamputicr
- g.,(Rn II Rt) ·.~ ~ 20 V!V 1
100 H =>g., ~· 10 rnA IV
for iJ~, "' (IO'JH 2V 0 v ·"" {)J)5 V.
.~!..!! 211,
- - => 10 1.25 mA
iJo ( Avt'#'l "' l V. Vov 0.25V
•··•

Ex: 5.28
1}(J 0.91 v.
,..,_ ....
T.l.~-·- .. , fJs (!~ ···~····'-·--···· 91 mV.
I +g..,R,

Rout·::::~. IOOH

;-;;~~ T . ,~ 0.9V
A.,,. I ~ RL

I tkn

Assuming V ~ ·-t x

From Ex 5.27 Ex: .5.31


CD (sou ret~ follower!
I
50 mV 200!! "' :-;~ ~ gm = 5 mA IV
_!_'J:' ---·-···- => 'i R' ,"'>,•tl

vfh_, 200 mV · "' ··

:. N, = 1.5 kH

-g.,( Rn !! ~2 ···20
4
' g,.R\
I ·IV ,2
In - -k,--- \· 1)\ 0Ji25 mA
2 L
Ex: 5.29

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Exercise 11-5
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LetR 1 = JQkfl Ex: t1 .. 21


Refer~ the KHN circuit in Fig;ll. 24Choosi.ng
<k:gaifi=R2 /R 1 = = R2 = lOkfl C=1nF
liS j6> _,. !)0
R "'·-1-."" 4
1 . _9 "" 15.9 kfl
IT(}t~t)l ~ 0;2985we 1 la),;C l1rl0 X 10
·· · w coC:R 1.. UsingEq.li.62 and selecting R1 ·= 10 kU
C"" I . = 5SnP R1 =
Ri "" lO kO
0.2895 X 2-tt 104 X: 104 Using Eq.l1.63 and setting R2 .~ 10 Hl
(b)SeOOlld•Order l!ection with transfer (unction:
R3 "" R2(2Q- I) ""' 10(2 x 2- I) = 30 k!l
0.4295w~
T(.v} = •. .
s· + 0.461J-1w,. + 0.4293t~t;
. . . .· 2
High .freuency gain = K "" 2 - a" . 1.5 V I V
where the numera«>r cQiiflkient was selected io T!w tf$i~1er function to the output ofthe Jirst inte-
yiclcl a de gilin.ofunity !rarotis
sKI(C!!L_
2 w., 2
s+sQ+w.,
Tims the. centre-frequency gain

"' K J1 ""' KQ lJ/Z 1.5 X 2 '"' 3 VI V


CRw.,
·~: 11.22

Select R 1 ""' R2 = R 3 "" R5 = 10 kfl


=> C ·"" 1 "" 2.43 nF
J0.4293 X 2nl04 X 104
C4 = C6 = C ,., 2.43nF

Q = ..}i)A2'93w,, = 1.4 => R6 = -'L = 14 kfl


0.4684wP C to) 0

(c) Sccond·Order Section with Transfer-function;


~ '
T(s) "' ,0.988..Jw- 11

~-· + s0.1789w 1, + 0.9883w 211


The circuit is similar to that in (b) above but with
R1 "' R2 "" R3 ·"' R5 "" 10 kH given C "" lnF RL = 10 kH

R ~,. _1_ "' I 31.83 kH


w.,c 2n5 x 10~ x 10··~
R1 "' Ulkfl~Rf, IOk!l
"" 1.6 nF
R2 = 10 k!l ""} RJ "" R1 (2Q- I)
Q ·""" Jo.~ss3 = 5_56
O.lr89 = 10(10 -· I) '"' 90 kl!
Thus Rt. = Q t 111 0 C ""' 55.6 kH 811 w 2 ''" 1,) 2 ~ R11 ·'-" 10(~) 2
""· 25.6 k!l
Placing the three sections in cascade, i.e. connect- R 1, " n 5
ing the output of the first-order section to the
input of the second-order section in (b) and the
output of of section (b) to the input of (c) results
OC gain"" x::. "' ( b):: '" 2- 3

in the I)V.:ralltmnsfcr function in eq. Ill . 2 5 Rf. '"' 3 X to '" 16.7 kfl
2- 115

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Chapter 3-12
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3.32 -CONSTANT VOLTAGE


(b)
DROP MODEL
(a)
3V
+IOV
a>
\l±:fJ-0.7
tf4ll0- lO =lOrnA ~ ·~353mA
'f\:!/-1-

CD -1. 235 + 0.7 = -0.535 v@


OA~
Q)-0.7¥ v "' -3 + 0.353(5)
l
s kn ®-o.7; w V = -1.235V G)

= 1.86mA
-3V
-IOV
(b)
3.34
+IOV (a)

OO!I20)kfl
5kfl

('20)
ti=O 6X =!~
1
lOkll
I =
(toll4-0.7
20) + 20 "" 0.124 rnA
-IOV
v "' 20/ = 2.48 v
102 '" lO- ( -10) - 0.7 (b)
15 1.29 mA

- IO + 1.29(10) + 0.7 "" 36 V

3.33
(a)

t:utoff ·: ~<~
2 2
:.I = OA
v ""' ~2 - ~2 "' ·0 ..'; v

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Chapter 11-4
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11.8 :.V1(2i + 2s + I) Eq. (b)


rrt (dB) (a) -+(b)

V0 (2.Y3 +2s+1)1 "' V 0 +2sV 1


V0 (4.$4 .+ :f1{4 + 4) + .l(2 + 4 + 2) + $(2 + 2) +'I)
=V0 + 2sV1
V0 (s) A 2s
V ( .) ""' T (s) 4 J ,
1 II 4• + 8s' + 8.f· + 4s
0.5
r( )
.$ =s j 2
+·2s +2s+ I
Poles are given by:
s' + 2sl + 2s + I ·"' 0
Numemtor is given by (s + I )(i + s + I) = 0
a, (s- i.i)(s1 + ( 10l)2)(i + (3 X 101 )~)3 .:. Poles are s = - I nnd s
(,~2 f (6 X 103)2) 11.10
""a 1s(l + to")(.t2 + 9 X 106 )(i + 36 x 106 ) A_= I dB, A.... =20 dB, w/w, "' 1.3
Degree of Numerator . ~ m "' 7 using: A< ...,) = , o log [, t t1 (::f']
Pegree of Denominator ~ N
Given that there is one zero at "' :
N-M:::J=t>NzS
a1 s{i + 106 )(i + 9 X l06 )(i + 36 X 106 )
:. T(s) ~ . *. 1 6
s + b1 s + b6 .• + ... + b 0
From circuit : ~.:urrent drawn from V00 rail = 21B
= cmrent rerumen to Vss nul
:.Power= (V 1JD+ Vs 5 )X2111 =t>
I mW = (1.65 + 1.65) X 2 In log(toAm;, 'w-1) = log(r2("'•YN.)
' (dp

1 mW A . flO )
.·. / 0 "' = 151.5 11-A logl(IO '"'" -I) UJ
4 X 1.65 V N
- 21og(•...,l<>>.r)--
~I '"'·· 18 ! 1.1 "' 126.3 JLA
11.9 = 11.3 ~choose N ·~ 12
The actual vnlue of stopband altenuation qm be
<D cakulaled using the intt•ger value of N :
L--"""'--.---o
+ + A{w,) = JOiog(l + r'(·~~·)2 "]; IV= 12
_tv!'. ~
V; . Vo

o-----·-s-~l:
= 27.35 dB actual anenuation
If the stopband specs are to he met exactly we
need lo lind A_,.

The easiest way to solve the circuit is to me nodal t'J. l(r"-:~hinJ 10 ~ I


anal)·~is at nodes (I), {2), 0)
("'·I,,,,..{'
At nooe C\l 'if c.o 0
A,_= 20
Va + V 0 + ~~..:- Vi ~· O N .12
I I! s 2s =" OJl\24
:V, = V 0 (2.1 1 + 2.~ + I) Eq. (a) l(llng( I + 1· 1

At node 12) "il =0 0.73 <JB


()

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Chapter 16-10
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16.34
Note that the output is high if no
word is selected. Thus, logically, high must corre-
spond 10 logic 0 (and no transistor, as noted in the
te~l).
Correspondingly, the words stored in are
,rl,rl,rl -
0100,0000. 1000, 1001,0101,0001.01 10, and
0010.

16,35
Needz=x+y

.......
X y z
,,.r
.....
00 00 ()()()()

()()()()
::1 ,,.r
..... .....
00 OJ
,,r
00 10 ()()()()
,,.r
.....
00 II ()()()()
:~
01 00 ()()()() ....
,,.r

01 OJ 0001
,,r
.....
,,.r ,,.r
::1
OJ 10 0010 ..... ..... ,,.r
01 II 0011
. .r
'4 .....
10 00 ()()()() 04 03 02 01
10 01 0010 Note lhat a IOta! of 14NMOS and 4PMOS are
used.
10 10 0100

+·+
10 11 OJIO
II 00 ()()()()

11 OJ 0011
11 10 OliO
16.36
11 11 1001
(a) Forthe PMOS, with V8 =2.5 V
L 0 = (90/3)10- 6(1211.2)[(5- 1)2.5- 2.5 2 /2)

= JO x w·•oo)[4(2.5l- 2.5' 121


= 2.0625 mA
Thus the average charging cu~rent is 2.06 mA
Time for precharge 1=CVI/
whence
1= I X 10- 12 (5 - 0) I (2.06 X 10- 3 ) = 2.42 ns
(b) For the word-line rise.

T = RC = 5 x 10.1 x 2 x 10-" = JO n•
Here, vw = 5( I - ~ -•"">
Thus the rise time (I 0% to 90%) is essentially the
time 1 to 90%, where
0.9(5) = 5(1- e-'' 10 )
e·o'IO = O.J
and 1 = -10 ln(O.Il = 23 ns

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