2006 VCAA Further Mathematics Exam 2 Solutions 94 − 86 2 2

Free download and print from www.itute.com Q3b Slope = = ≈ 0.7 , ∴height = c + × age,
35 − 23 3 3
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94 = c + × 35 , ∴vertical axis intercept c ≈ 70.7 .
Core – Data analysis 3
∴height = 70.7 + 0.7 × age
Q1a S X = 3.8 (Graphics calculator)
Q3c The ‘abnormal’ height of the 20-month old boy has a much
greater effect on the slope of the least squares regression line
X − X 83.1 − 89.3 than on the slope of the three median line.
Q1b z = = = −1.4
sX 4.5
Q1c Module 1: Number patterns
97.5%
Q1a 48000 − 3000 × 2 = 42000 kg

2.5% Q1b d = −3000

Q1c 48000 − 3000n = 0 , n = 16 days

2 Z 400 500
Q2a r = or = 0.8
500 625
Q1d Min = 76, Q1 = 80 , median = 83, Q3 = 85.8 , max = 89.8
Q2b Fourth month 400 × 0.8 = 320
Fifth month 320 × 0.8 = 256

Q2c H n = 625 × 0.8 n −1

Q2d H 6 − H 7 = 625 × 0.8 5 − 625 × 0.8 6 ≈ 41 hours

Q2e H n < 100 , 625 × 0.8 n −1 < 100 , 0.8 n −1 < 0.16 ,

(n − 1) log 0.8 < log 0.16 , ∴ n − 1 > log 0.16 , n > 9.2
Q1e 89.5 log 0.8
∴the tenth month.
Q1f Median height increases as age increases.
Q2f S 3 = 1525 , S12 =
(
625 1 − 0.812 )
= 2910.3
Q2a 0.53 1 − 0.8
Hours worked in the nine months 2910.3 − 1525 = 1385.3 ≈ 1385
Q2bi r 2 = 0.75412 = 0.569 = 56.9%
Q3a r = 90% = 0.9 , d = 2000
Q2bii The coefficient of determination 0.569 (56.9%) represents
the proportion (percentage) of the variability in height with age Q3b V4 = 38225 ( Graphics calculator)
that is explained by the least squares regression line.
Q3c n = 10 (Graphics calculator)
Q3a
d 2000
Q3d v ∞ = = = 20000 litres
1− r 0.1

Module 2: Geometry and trigonometry

Q1a ∠AXY = 180 − 90 − 45 = 45 0

Q1b XY = AY = 55 , ∴ AX = 55 2 + 55 2 = 77.8 m

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Q1c 78 − 45 = 33 , ∴ 033 0 20
Q2a Slope = − = −0.125 . Let x be the distance in km and y
160
Q1d YC = 142 − 55 = 87 , XY = 55 the amount of fuel in litres left. y = −0.125 x + 50
∴ XC = 87 2 + 55 2 ≈ 102.9 m
Q2b The van uses 0.125 litres for each km.
30
1 Further distance = = 240 km
Q1e Area of ∆ABC = × 142 × 251 × sin 45 0 ≈ 12601 m2 0.125
2
Q2c Capacity of the tank = 18 × 3.5 + 12 = 75 litres
Q1fi BC = 142 2 + 2512 − 2(142 )(251) cos 45 0 ≈ 181 m
Q3a, 3ci
sin ∠ABC sin 45 0
Q1fii = , ∴ ∠ABC ≈ 33.7 0
142 181

Q1g Let MN = x m, AN = MN = x .
1 1
Area = × MN × AN , ∴ 3200 = x 2 , x 2 = 6400 , x = 80 .
2 2
Hence MN = 80 m

PQ
Q2a = tan 20 0 , ∴ PQ = 125 tan 20 0 ≈ 45.5 m
125

Q2b P
θ angle of depression Q3b y ≥ 2 x

45.5 Q3cii Maximum number of dogs = 2

θ Q3d P = 40 x + 30 y
98 T
45.5
tan θ 0 = , θ = 24.9 Q3ei x and y must be whole numbers including zero. In the
98 feasible region the point that produces maximum profit is (2,6 ) ,
i.e. 2 washes and 6 clips.
3.5 − 0.25 × 2
Q3a r = = 1.5 m
2 Q3eii Maximum P = 40(2 ) + 30(6 ) = 260 dollars
Q3b Internal height h = 2.4 − 0.25 × 2 = 1.9 m
Maximum volume = πr 2 h = π (1.5) (1.9 ) = 13 m3
2
Module 4: Business-related mathematics

Q1ai Annual depreciation = 10% × 60000 = 6000

Module 3: Graphs and relations
Q1aii Value (after 3 years) = 60000 − 6000 × 3 = 42000
Q1ai $30

Q1aii 5 km 60000 − 12000

Q1aiii Number of years = =8
6000
Q1b
Q1bi 1 − 0.85 = 0.15 = 15%

Q1bii After 3 years, V = 60000 × (0.85) = 36847.50 dollars

3

Q1biii 60000 × (0.85) < 12000 , ∴ 0.85 n < 0.2 ,

n

log 0.2
∴n > , n > 9.9 , ∴ n = 10 .
log 0.85

Q1c Sketch y = 60000 − 6000n and y = 60000 × (0.85) . When

n

n = 7 , 60000 − 6000n < 60000 × (0.85) .

n

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  2 
8 Q2c George defeated Keith who defeated Ian.
Q2 Cost (in 8 years) = 60000 × 1 +  = 70300 dollars
 100  Q2d Keith defeated Harriet who defeated Josie. Also Keith
defeated Ian who defeated Josie. ∴ x = 2
Q3a Total value A (in 8 years) = principal + interest
7000 × 6.25 × 8 Q2e Dominance
= 7000 + = 10500 dollars
100 0 1 2 2 1 6
2 0 2 2 1 7
Q3b Total value A (in 8 years) 
8×4 D1 + D2 = 1 0 0 1 0 2
 6   
= 10000 × 1 +  ≈ 16103 dollars 3
 4 × 100  1 0 1 0 1
2 1 2 3 0 8
Q3c By graphics calculator TVM solver or by calculation,
6.5 First is Keith, last is Ian.
P = 500 , Q = 200 , R = 1 + = 1.005417 and
12 × 100
n = 8 × 12 = 96 , Q3a

total value A (in 8 years) = PR n +

(
Q Rn −1 )
R −1

= 500 × (1.005417 ) +
96 (
200 1.005417 96 − 1 )
≈ 25935 dollars
0.005417

Q4 By graphics calculator TVM solver or by calculation,

10
P = 20000 , R = 1 + = 1.00833333 , n = 24 , A = 0 , Q3b The critical path could be one of the following paths:
12 × 100

∴ 20000 × (1.00833333) −
24 (
Q (1.00833333) − 1
24
=0
) ADGI, BEGI and CFHI. Each path has four activities.
∴ there are 9 − 4 = 5 non-critical activities.
1.00833333 − 1
∴ Q = 922.90 dollars Q3c Since activities A and C are non-critical, ∴the critical path
Total interest = 922.90 × 24 − 20000 ≈ 2150 dollars is BEGI.

Q3d Duration of I = 19 − 12 = 7 hours

Module 5: Networks and decision mathematics
Q3e Max. combined duration for F and H = 12 − 3 − 1 = 8 hours
Q1a George must play guitar because Harriet can play drums
only.

Q1b ∴Josie must fill the vocal position and Keith must play
keyboards. Hence Ian must play saxophone. Module 6: Matrices

Person Position Q1a 2 × 3 because Q has 2 rows and 3 columns.

Harriet Drums
Ian Saxophone 14.50 
2500 3400 1890    75959.60 
Keith Keyboards Q1bi M = QP =    21.60 =  
1765 4588 2456 19.20  171848.50
Q 2a Because one cannot compete against oneself.  

Q3a Josie won against George. Q1bii $75959.60 is the monthly takings of the outlet at Eastown
and $171848.50 is the monthly takings of the outlet at Noxland.

Q1c The number of columns in matrix P does not match up with

the number of rows in matrix Q, ∴PQ is not defined.

Q2a
S E N
0.80 0.09 0.10 S
T = 0.12 0.76 0.05 E
0.08 0.15 0.85 N

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Q2b
300000 S
K 0 = 120000  E
180000  N

Q2c
0.80 0.09 0.10 300000 268800
TK 0 = 0.12 0.76 0.05 120000  = 136200 
0.08 0.15 0.85 180000  195000 

Q2d
194983.00  194982.90 
T K 0 = 150514.40  , T K 0 = 150513.35 
35   40

254502.60 254503.75

194982.89  194982.90 
T K 0 = 150513.16  , T K 0 = 150513.12 
45   50

254503.95 254503.98

194983 
K → 150513 
254504

Q3a
2 1 1   x  12
1 − 1 1   y  =  1 
    
0 2 − 1  z   6 

Q3b Det = 1, ∴the equations have a unique solution.

Q3c By graphics calculator,

−1
2 1 1 − 1 3 2
1 − 1 1  =  1 − 2 − 1

 
0 2 − 1  2 − 4 − 3

Q3d

− 1 3 2  12 3
 1 − 2 − 1  1  = 4
    
 2 − 4 − 3  6  2
∴3 bookshops, 4 sports shoe shops, 2 music stores.

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