How does the Earth form?

The Earth where we are born, live and die is a special planet
because only on this planet living things can live. Do you know how the
earth formed?

Approximately 4.6 billion years ago, the solar system was a cloud
of dust and gas known as a solar nebula. Gravity collapses the material in
on itself as it begins to spin, forming the sun in the centre of the nebula.
With the rise of the sun, the remaining material begins to clump up. Small
particles drew together, bound by the force of gravity, into larger
particles. The solar wind sweeps lighter elements, such as hydrogen and
helium, from the closer regions, leaving only heavier rocky materials to
create a smaller terrestrial world like Earth.

Earth’s rocky core formed first, with heavy elements colliding and

binding together. Dense material sinks to the centre, while the lighter
material creates the crust. The planet's magnetic field probably formed
around this time. Gravity captures some of the gas and forms the planet's
early atmosphere. 

The first era in which the Earth existed is known as the Hadean
Eon. This name comes from the Greek word "Hades" which means
underworld. This refers to the condition of the planet at the time. It
consists of the Earth's surface being under a continuous bombardment by
meteorites and intense volcanism. The condensed water vapour, along
with the ice delivered by comets accumulates in the atmosphere and cools
the outside of the molten planet. Then, it forms a dense crust and
produces oceans.

70–110 million years after the start of Solar System, the Earth's
only satellite, the Moon, was formed. The most common theory is the
"Giant Impact Hypothesis". According to this theory, the Moon
originated from a collision between Earth and a Mars-sized object called
Theia. The collision is enough to vaporize some of the Earth's outer
layers and melt both bodies, and some of the mantle material is ejected
into orbit around the Earth. The ejecta in orbit around the Earth condenses
and under the influence of its gravity, becomes a more spherical body.

The Hadean Eon ended approximately 3.8 billion years ago with
the start of the Archean era. Archean means "beginning" or "origin" in
Greek. This refers to the fact that it was during this period that the Earth
cooled significantly and life forms began to evolve. Earth's surface
continues to reshape itself over the next millennia, continents forming and
breaking apart. Then, the continents migrate across the surface,
sometimes they join together to form supercontinents.

Since that time, various living beings have appeared. The dinosaurs
rule and die, mammals achieve ascendancy, hominids begin to slowly
evolve into the species that we know as homo sapiens, and civilization
emerges. From this phenomenon, the Sun, Moon, Earth, and life as we
know are all created.

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