STANDARD ENGINEERING SPECIFICATIONS

SSD0003EJE

STEEL STRUCTURE DESIGN

0 2013/07/31 ISSUED FOR STANDARD B.W.MUN H.J.MIN Y.Y.KOO

REV. DATE DESCRIPTION MADE BY CHECKED BY APPROVED BY

SAMSUNG ENGINEERING CO., LTD.

 STANDARD ENGINEERING SPECIFICATIONS

SSD0003EJE

STEEL STRUCTURE DESIGN

JOB NO :

REV. DATE DESCRIPTION MADE BY CHECKED BY APPROVED BY

SAMSUNG ENGINEERING CO., LTD.

 ENGINEERING SPECIFICATIONS
SSD0003EJE
STEEL STRUCTURE DESIGN
ISSUED:2013.07.31 PAGE i OF i

REVISION HISTORY

Revise
Revised
d Revised Page Reasons for Revision
Date
Number

- This Specification is newly established according to

company standard by Environmental & Water Engineering
Department.
- Department : Environmental & Water Engineering Dept.
0 2013.06.30 Newly Established
- Prepared by : Byoung Wuk Mun
- Checked by : Hyung Joo Min
- Approved by : Young Youl Koo
 ENGINEERING SPECIFICATIONS
SSD0003EJE
STEEL STRUCTURE DESIGN
ISSUED:2013.07.31 PAGE i OF i

CONTENTS

Page
1. GENERAL
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1.1 Scope ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1

2. APPLICABLE CODES AND SPECIFICATIONS -------------------------------------------- 1

2.1 Code --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
2.2 Standard Drawings -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
2.3 Order of Precedence ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2
2.4 Units ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2

3. DESIGN LOADS ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3

3.1 Load Combinations -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3
3.2 Special Considerations --------------------------------------------------------------------- 4

4. DESIGN REQUIREMENT -------------------------------------------------------------------- 4

4.1 Deflection ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4
4.2 Lateral Displacement ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 4
4.3 Miscellaneous Details --------------------------------------------------------------------- 5

5. DESIGN DETAILS --------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------- 5

5.1 Flooring ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5
5.2 Access Platforms ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5
5.3 Stairways -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5
5.4 Ladders ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6
5.5 Handrails -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6
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1. GENERAL
1.1 Scope
This specification shall apply to the design requirements and material of steel structures
except handrails, platforms, ladders, stairs, etc. which are furnished as accessories of the
process equipment such as towers, tanks, etc.

2. APPLICABLE CODES AND SPECIFICATIONS

2.1 Code

(1) ASCE "American Society of Civil Engineers"(ASCE 7-10)

(2) AISC "American Institute of Steel Construction, 2011"
(14th ED - Manual of Steel Construction)
(3) IBC "International Building Code, 2006"
(4) AWS "American Welding Society"
AWS A5.1 - Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes
(5) ASTM "American Society for Testing and Materials, 1997"
(6) JIS "Japanese Industrial Standards, 1997"
(7) NEPA 30-1993 “Flammable and Combustible Liquid Code”

2.2 Standard Drawings

(1) General notes (1/2)
(2) General notes (2/2)
(3) Abbreviation & symbols
(4) Reinforcing detail (1/3)
(5) Reinforcing detail (2/3)
(6) Reinforcing detail (3/3)
(7) Steel member list
(8) Anchor bolts
(9) Base plates - Hinge support
(10) Beam shear connection detail
(11) Girder splice - moment connection detail
(12) Girder to column - moment connection detail
(13) Column splice - moment connection detail
(14) Horizontal bracing connection detail
(15) Vertical bracing connection detail (1/2)
(16) Vertical bracing connection detail (2/2)
(17) Knee bracing connection detail
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(18) Post to beam connection detail

(19) Steel stair detail
(20) Ladders detail
(21) Handrail detail
(22) Grating & Joist detail
(23) Fire proofing detail
(24) Girth and Purlin detail
(25) Misc. Detail Units

Unless otherwise specified, metric Celsius and kilogram units shall be applied as the
measurement system for drawings and documents to be submitted.

2.3 Order of Precedence

The order of precedence of codes and standards shall be as follows.

(1) This STEEL STRUCTURAL DESIGN specification

(2) Related standard specifications.(To be issued later or simultaneously )
(3) Other authorized codes and standards

2.4 Units
Unless otherwise specified, metric Celsius and kN units shall be applied as the
measurements system for drawings and documents to be submitted.
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STEEL STRUCTURE DESIGN
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3. Design Loads

The design loads shall be basically applied as described in the GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA FOR
CIVL & STRUCTURAL WORK specification (SSD0010EAN).

3.1 Load Combinations

The combination of loads and forces to be considered for steel structure design shall be
referred to Table 2-1 and Table 2-2

3.1.1 Using Allowable stress design

Table 2-1. Load Combination Table

Load
Term of combination
Loading condition Combination Remark
loading
factor
(See note 1)
Long-term Normal operation D + L + Eqo + Po + Cr + V + T 1.0
Erection D + Eqe + Pe + W 0.75 Not
applicable for
Short-term Hydraulic test D + L + Eqt + Pt + 0.25W 0.75 normal type's
piperack
Wind D + L + Eqo + Po + V + T + W 0.75

3.1.2 Using Load and Resistance Factor design

Table 2-2. Load Combination Table

Load
Term of combination
Loading condition Combination Remark
loading
factor
(See note 1)
Long-term Normal operation 1.2(D + Eqo + Po + T) + 1.6(Cr + L + V) N/A
0.9(D + Eqe + Pe) + 1.3(0.5W)
Erection N/A Not
0.9(D + Eqe + Pe) + 1.0E applicable for
1.2(D + Eqt + Pt) + 1.3(0.5W) + L normal type's
Short-term Hydraulic test N/A piperack
1.2(D + Eqt + Pt) + 1.0E + L
1.2(D + Eqo + Po + T) + 1.3W + L + V
Wind N/A
1.2(D + Eqo + Po + T) + 1.0E + L + V

Where D ; Dead loads

L ; Live loads including soil and water pressure
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W ; Wind force
Eqo ; Operating equipment load
Eqe ; Erection load of equipment
Eqt ; Test load of equipment
Po ; Operating pipe load
Pe ; Erection load of pipe
Pt ; Test load of pipe
Cr ; Handling device load (Equipment load and lifting load)
V ; Vibration load
T ; Loads, forces and effects due to contraction or expansion
resulting from temperature changes, shrinkage, moisture
change creep in component materials, movement due to
differential settlement or combination thereof.
(Note 1)
The total of combined load effects may be multiplied by load combination factors.
An increase in the allowable stresses will not be allowed in conjunction with a decrease
due to the above load combinations.

(Note 2)
For equipment test load shall be considered as dead load.
For equipment operating load shall be considered as dead load.

3.2 Special Considerations

(1) Where vibration induced by equipment or operation is specified or anticipated, the

supporting members shall be designed to prevent the fatigue failure.

4. Design Requirements

4.1 Deflection

4.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, the following criteria for the deflection shall be adhered to
for the normal operation and test load combination.
(1) Wall stanchions less than 1/300 of the height and 2.5cm
(2) Purlins and girths less than 1/150 of the span
(3) Beams and girders supporting floors less than 1/300 of the span and 2.5cm
(4) Cantilevered girders less than 1/250 of the span and 2.5cm
(5) Grating and floor plate less than 6mm
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4.1.2 The deflection of girders for travelling cranes, depending on types, shall be as follows
for the span of the girders.
(1) Hand-operated crane less than 1/500 of the span
(2) Light electric crane of 60 m/min less than 1/800 of the span
and below in travelling speed:
(3) Normal electric crane of 90 m/min less than 1/1000 of the span
and below in travelling speed:
(4) Normal electric crane of above less than 1/1200 of the span
90 m/min in travelling speed,
crane for steel manufacturer, etc.:

* Equipment manufacturer’s requirement shall be followed if any.

4.2 Lateral Displacement

4.2.1 The lateral displacements due to the load combinations including wind or seismic
loads shall not exceed the bellows ;
(1) Piperacks less than h/180
(2) Equipment Structures less than h/180
(3) Occupied Buildings less than h/200

where, “h” is the height of the piperacks, structures or buildings.

4.3 Miscellaneous Details

4.3.1 Two or more monorails provided for maintenance of equipment in the

same span shall not be considered to operate simultaneously.
Calculation of stress in the girders supporting the monorail shall be made
accordingly. However, when simultaneous operation is required, the above
requirement shall not be applied.

4.3.2 Buckling of Fireproofed members

For the steel columns, beams, or braces covered with concrete fireproofing, normally
buckling shall not be considered. However, when the minimum width of a fireproofed
column or brace is less than 1/15 of the length, the buckling shall be considered.

4.3.3 Neither the floor plate nor grating flooring shall be considered as offering lateral restraint to
beams

5. DESIGN DETAILS

5.1 Flooring
5.1.1 Galvanized grating flooring shall be used for floors including stairs, walkways and
platforms on pipe rack and other parts.
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5.1.2 The other material for flooring, such as checkered plate, expanded metal, etc,. shall be
used for floors, if specified in the detail drawings.

5.2 Access Platforms

5.2.1 Platforms shall be provided by the regular operating procedure and normal recurring
maintenance requirement.

5.2.2 Minimum platform widths shall be as follows.

1) Connecting walkways and access platforms for
servicing other parts of equipment ; 750 mm minimum
2) Service platform ; 900 mm minimum
3) Platforms and walkways : 2100 mm minimum clear headroom

5.2.3 Opening in grating for pipes shall be large enough to accommodate pipe flange.

5.2.4 Platforms, except tower wing platforms, shall be framed with straight structural
members and shall be designed for the loads specified.

5.3 Stairways
5.3.1 Stairs shall be 750mm(sub stair) and 900mm (main stair) wide and shall be
constructed of standard channel stringers.

5.3.2 Stair treads shall have a theoretical width and rise as follows.
(1) width ; no less than 225 mm
(2) rise ; not more than200 mm

5.3.3 Minimum vertical headroom clearance shall be 2300mm and minimum perpendicular
clearance shall be 1800mm.
5.3.4 The maximum vertical run for a single flight of stairs shall be 4500mm.

5.3.5 Stair landings shall preferably be minimum 900mm wide but not less than the width
of the respective stairs.
5.3.6 Where doors open into a platform, provide a 750mm minimum width clear of door
swing on landing in front of doors.
4.3.7 Stair treads shall be galvanized steel grating with visible edge safety nosing.

5.4 Ladders
5.4.1 Ladders shall be 450mm wide and shall be constructed of minimum 19mm in diameter
steel bars welded at every 300mm space to flat bar or angle side rails.

5.4.2 Ladders exceeding 9m of straight run shall be provided with intermediate landings
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5.4.3 Ladders higher than 4.5m above grade and in an exposed position shall be
provided with a 750mm diameter safety cage.
5.4.4 Ladder access openings shall be provided with a safety chain or bar.

5.4.5 Headroom clearance under cages shall be minimum 2.1m and maximum 2.4m from grade
or platform level.

5.4.6 Where an intermediate ladder on a tower is positioned at an extreme edge of a

platform, a half cage shall be carried down to platform level or top of handrail
but not connected to either.

5.5 Handrails
5.5.1 Stairways, platforms and walkways shall be provided with handrails consisting of
toe plates (except the part of the stair stringers).

5.5.2 Toe plates shall likewise be provided on the edge of platforms at access openings
and equipment opening where no handrail is provided.

5.5.3 Handrails shall be designed for a minimum concentrated load of 50kg applied at any point in
any direction on the top rail.