INTERIOR DESIGN OF RESIDENTIAL

BUILDING

INTERNSHIP REPORT

Submitted by

RAJESH.S

(18103045)

In partial fulfilment for the award of the degree

of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

IN

CIVIL ENGINEERING

HINDUSTHAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Accredited with ‘A’ Grade by NAAC
(An Autonomous Institution, Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai)

COIMBATORE 641032

NOVEMBER 2021
HINDUSTHAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Accredited with ‘A’ Grade by NAAC
(An Autonomous Institution, Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai)

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the internship report “INTERIOR DESIGN OF

RESIDENTIAL BUILDING” submitted by DINESH KUMAR.T (18103013) to
Hindusthan college of Engineering and technology, Coimbatore in the partial
fulfilment of the requirement of the award of degree of B.E in Civil Engineering is
a bonafide record of Internship. The training fulfils the requirements as per the
regulations of this institute and meets the necessary standards for submission.
Place:
Date:

Internship In-charge Head of the Department

Reg.No:………………
Submitted for the Anna University Project Viva-Voce conducted on
……………….

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, I humbly submit all the glory and thanks to the
Almighty, the great architect of Universe for showering his blessings upon me and
giving me necessary wisdom to overcome all hurdles in accomplishing this
dissertation work.
I wish to express my sincere thanks to our Chairman Thiru. T. S. R.
Khannaiyann , Managing Trustee Smt. Sarasuwathi Khannaiyann, Executive
Managing trustee Mrs. Priya Satish Prabhu and Chief Executive officer Dr.
K. Karunakaran of Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology, for
providing us with ample facilities to fulfil our Internship training.
I express my gratefulness to our Principal Dr. J. Jaya for having offered
me the opportunity to do the Internship training .
I wish to thank Dr. K. Akil, Professor and Head, Department of Civil
Engineering, for her valuable support in carrying out this Internship training
successfully.
I take immense pleasure to express my heartfelt thanks to our Internship
training Coordinators Mr. R. Sakthivel & Mr. R. Parthasaarathi, Assistant
Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, for his valuable suggestions and
constant support to complete this Internship Training.
I take immense pleasure to express my heartfelt thanks to Mr. M.Dinesh
kumar , Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, for his valuable
suggestions and constant support to complete this Internship training.
I wish to place my deep sense of gratitude and heartfelt thanks to Ms.
R. Sangeetha, HR Manager, Supreme Infra and Mr. P. Karthikeyan, Pace
Academy for their dedicated involvement and valuable suggestions during
Internship training
I would like to enunciate special thanks to all Teaching, Non-Teaching
Staffa and my friends, whom contributed to the great success of this internship
Training.

i
 28.08.2021

To
Ms. R. Sangeetha,
HR Manager,
Supreme Infra,
No.16, 7th Street, Tatabad,
Coimbatore-12.
0422-4213406.

Dear Sir / Madam,

Sub: Implant Training – IV Year Civil Engineering Student – Permission Requested – Reg.

Greetings from Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore!

Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, an Autonomous institution,

accredited by NAAC with ‘A’ grade, renders invaluable service in the field of higher educa tion since 2000.
As part of the curriculum and academic fulfillment, our students are required to undergo 4 weeks implant
training in an industry/ organization of the same domain to enrich the practical knowledge and exposure
during their study period.

With reference to the above -mentioned subject, the following student of Fourth Year B.E. Civil
Engineering of our institution would like to undergo training in your esteemed organization:

S.No. Register No. Name of the student

1 18103045 RAJESH S

The student shall follow the rules and regulations of your organization and maintain highest order of
discipline during the training period. The student shall not divulge any of the technical information of your
organization, which he may come across during the implant training.

We will be thankful if you could accommodate our student in your esteemed organization foimplantr
training. We believe that the experience acquired by our student from your esteemed organization during their
training will help him to understand the on-field practical knowledge, which will also fulfill the requirement
of the curriculum.

Thanking you,

ii
 SUPREME INFRA
NO: 16, 7TH STREET, TATABAD, COIMBATORE -12. PH: 0422-4213406. www.SUPREMEINfRA.IN

04th October 2021

CERTIFICATE OF INTERNSHIP

This is to certify that Mr. RAJESH S, final year student of B.E – Civil
Engineering from HINDUSTHAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, Coimbatore has completed his Four weeks Internship at our
Construction Company from 01.09.2021 to 30.09.2021. During the period of
his Internship with us, we found he was punctual, sincere and result oriented.

We wish Mr. RAJESH S, all the best for his future endeavour.

iii
 ABSTRACT
This project describes the construction of a residential building. The proposed
residential building is to be constructed at ooty. In this internship we present

our 1-month practicum experience of the construction work of a residential

building. The content of all is broadly explained and it’s constructed from the

practical basis of the site work. In this opening of chapter 1, I give details to the

company background including its mission, vision, the project those runs

through the company consultation. So, it gives details of the company in terms

of reader can easily know and access the company. The second chapter is the

most hunted chapter which explains my overall internship Familiarity in one

month. we record on it the overall work I have been executing. It gives a

highlight what I have been doing and main works of the construction industry.

After all those chapters explained above, we go to the chapters and explains the

main benefits of the internship in terms of different aspect and area. It is obvious

that the internship has a plus in terms of improving skills and different abilities

as a whole. The final chapter is conclusion what we learnt and understand from

this internship program.

iv
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE
TITLE
NO. NO.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i
INSTITUTION LETTER ii
CERTIFICATION OF INTERNSHIP iii
ABSTRACT iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
LIST OF FIGURES vii
1 ABOUT COMPANY 1
1.1 General 1
2 ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE 2
3 THE PROJECT DETAILS 3
3.1 General 3
3.2 3d-Elevation 3
3.3 Interior design 4
3.4 Interior design styles 4
3.4.1 Classic style 4
3.4.2 Elegant style 5
3.4.3 Antique style 6
3.4.4 Modern style 7
3.4.5 Contemporary style 8
3.4.6 Minimalist style 9
3.4.7 Urban style 10
3.4.8 Country style 11
3.4.9 Rustic style 12
3.4.10 Industrial style 13
3.5 7 Elements of interior design 13

v
 3.5.1 Space 13
3.5.2 Line 14
3.5.3 Forms 15
3.5.4 Lights 16
3.5.4A Task lighting 16
3.5.4B Accent lighting 17
3.5.4C Ambient lighting 18
3.5.5 Colour 18
3.5.6 Patterns and structures 19
4 CONCLUSION 20

vi
 LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE NO. TITLE PAGE NO.
2.1 Organisation Structure 2
3.1 3d-Elevation 3
3.2 Classic style 5
3.3 Elegant style 5
3.4 Antique style 7
3.5 Modern style 7
3.6 Contemporary style 8
3.7 Minimalist style 10
3.8 Urban style 10
3.9 Country style 12
3.10 Rustic style 12
3.11 Industrial style 13
3.12 Space 14
3.13 Line 15
3.14 Forms 15
3.15 Task lighting 17
3.16 Accent lighting 17
3.17 Ambinent lighting 18
3.18 Color 19
3.19 Patterns and texture 19

vii
 CHAPTER 1
ABOUT COMPANY
1.1 GENERAL
For more than 25 years Supreme Infra has delivered quality,
responsiveness and customer service with every commercial construction project.
Ever since its inception the company has undertaken niche construction activities
all over South India. Supreme Infra, build quality construction projects according
to their original specifications, on time and in budget.

The company has been in the field of Civil, Interior Design and
Structural Construction for the past 25 years. The company has pioneered in using
cost effective measures in construction and has adapted to the various changes
brought in by technology. Architectural craftsmanship, engineering, integrity,
honesty, and quality workmanship are what they have built their reputation upon.
Customer satisfaction drives every aspect of their commercial contractor business.
The intrinsic needs of the client are realized through meticulous planning and
execution. Thereby offering the client value added services like quality and timely
completion of projects.

While their values are traditional and their experience vast, they
remain on the forefront of technology as it applies to the commercial construction
trade. Staying on the leading edge of the industry is important to the company along
with legal and ethical business practices, emphasis on quality construction and
focus on budget and schedule, are offered on every project they build.

To deliver on these values, Supreme Infra relies on their wealth of

experience. Their employees average over 10 years with the company. Their key
employees and ownership learned their craft in the finest institutions and by
working under the best architects with hands on experience.
1
 CHAPTER 2

ORGANISATION STRUCTURE

Fig 2.1 Organisation structure

2
 CHAPTER 3
THE PROJECT DETAILS
1. GENERAL

PROJECT: WOODBRIAR

LOCATION: OOTY

CLIENT: M/S SRIDHAR

ARCHITECT: MANCIHI ARCHITECT

CONSULTANT: PYRAMID MANAGEMENT CONSULTANT

CONTRACTOR: SUPREME INFRA

PROJECT COST: 250 CRORES (PHASE 1 & 2)

PROJECT DURATION: 5 YEARS

DATE OF STARTING OF PROJECT: 19/11/2020

EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION: 31/12/2025

2. 3D – ELEVATION

Fig 3.1 3d Elevation

3
3.3 INTERIOR DESIGN

Interior design is the process of shaping the experience of interior

space, through the manipulation of spatial volume as well as surface treatment. Not
to be confused with interior decoration, interior design draws on aspects of
environmental psychology, architecture, product design and furniture design in
addition to traditional decoration. An interior designer is a person who is
considered a professional in the field of interior design or one who designs interiors
as part of their job.

4. INTERIOR DESIGN STYLES

1. CLASSIC STYLE

Classical interior style is based on order, symmetry and balance which

relates to the ideals of the Greek and Roman empires. A primary element in
classical style is the use of a focal point around which visual balance is achieved,
for example a feature fireplace flanked on either side by matching armchairs with
an ornate mirror above. The colour palette common to classical interior design style
is often inspired by nature. A variety of yellows, blues, greens, browns as well as
softer, muted hues like terracottas, grays and pinks are commonly used. When
accenting with whites, choose off-white if you want to stay in keeping with a more
authentic classical colour palette. Choose bright white if you want a slightly more
contemporary feel instead.

4
 Fig 3.2 Classic style

Fabrics used in classical interior design style tend to be elegant

without being overly ornate or attention grabbing. Cotton, canvas and velvet are
some commonly used in classic interiors. Natural flooring of wood, stone or marble
works best in the classically styled environment as they relate well to the natural
colour schemes used.

3.4.2 ELEGANT STYLE

The Elegant or Art Deco style was developed following World War I,
to offer people a new style for a new era. The excitement and optimism of post-
war Europe and America formed the basis for this glamorous and elegant style of
design.

Fig 3.3 Elegant style

Elegant or Art Deco furniture is streamlined in design. It was modern

and sleek for the time while still remaining comfortable. Many designs of furniture

5
used industrial materials such as bent chrome base that gives the piece a rocking
effect. Wood pieces are highly lacquered in black, with woods used including
exotic Brazilian rosewood, ebony, birds-eye maple, and light maple veneers.
Upholstery is typically of velour, making the rigid structural form more
comfortable.

Elegant or Art Deco lighting is extensive including ceiling lights,

floor lamps, table lamps and wall lamps. Floor lamps include tall torchieres in
wrought iron or chrome with hand blown glass shades. Some are also of black
wrought iron. Table lamps of bright nickel with white, clear, frosted, or colourful
glass shades are common. Wall lamps can be bronze, aluminum, steel, or silver
plated base metal with opaque white or colourful glass shades. All this lighting is
warm, usually orange or yellow in colour.

Surfaces in the Elegant or Art Deco style are generally sleek and
clean, lacking any texture in order to contrast the more decorative and ornate
objects and furniture within the space. Mirrors made of nickel, chrome, or silver
are decorated with motifs of deer, peacocks, roses, and geometric shapes. Bronze
sculptures are sleek covered with coloured or pearl beads. Desk sets of pen and
pencil on a base are streamlined in design.

3.4.3 ANTIQUE STYLE

The Antique/Victorian style originated during the Victorian era and is

often described as opulent and luxurious. Antique/Victorian style is the near
opposite to minimalism, it is based on an excessive amount of ornate and
flamboyant decorations, accessories, the more you have on display the better. But
Antique/Victorian style also includes features in order to avoid clutter. The
excessive decorative furniture and ornament are contrasted by plain floor and wall
surfaces.

6
 Fig 3.4 Antique style

The Antique/Victorian Style uses deep hues, pastels and neutral

colours contrast the rich textures against the bright shades in upholstery and wall
coverings. Exotic materials and heavy woods became available during
Antique/Victorian era and were used extensively in the furniture of the time but
today you can find pieces of Antique/Victorian style furniture in cheaper materials.
This has seen a recent revival in the style with a type of modern victorian style
emerging.

3.4.4 MODERN STYLE

The creation of the modern interior design style is credited to a group

of European designers that started the Bauhaus School of Design in Germany in
1919. The Bauhaus philosophy is that form and function should combine in all
designs.

7
 Fig 3.5 Modern style

The modern interior style is ideal for apartments and small spaces as
it maximizes space and create the impression that a room is larger than it actually
is. Minimal textures and bold geometric forms, neutral colours accented with a
single bold colour along with polished finishes and asymmetrical balance are key
identifying features of modern style interiors.

3.4.5 CONTEMPORARY STYLE

The terms modern interior design and contemporary interior design

are often used interchangeably, however there is a difference between the two.
Contemporary interior design can only mean trendy looks that are in style at any
current moment, while modern interior design refers to the specific geometrical,
clean-lined style called modern. The fact that the modern style may also be a part
of a current look or trend adds to the confusion between modern and contemporary.

Contemporary interiors are comfortable and welcoming without being

cluttered and dark and is a style that is equally appropriate for offices and stores,
lofts and homes. A contemporary style home can be a quiet and comfortable retreat.

Fig 3.6 Contemporary style

8
 The key identifying feature of a contemporary style interior design is
line. Line can be used through the use of bold color blocks, high ceilings, “square”
edged furniture, linear wooden floors, floor mats, bare windows and geometric
shapes in wall art and sculpture. The bare space, on walls, between pieces of
furniture, and above in upper areas also become just as important as the areas filled
with objects. Each piece stands out as individual and unique.

Smooth, clean, geometric shapes are essential for contemporary style

furniture pieces with upholstered furniture usually in black, white, or another
neutral tone. These pieces should be simple and uncluttered, without curves or
decoration. Sofas, chairs, and ottomans usually have exposed legs with Beds and
chairs usually having no trims or tassels. In conclusion, with contemporary
interiors, less is more. Go basic, bare, bold, and structural with bespoke, unique
and individual furniture.

3.4.6 MINIMALIST STYLE

The concept of minimalist style is to strip everything down to its

essential quality and achieve simplicity. Minimalism simplifies living spaces to
reveal the essential quality of buildings and conveys simplicity in attitudes toward
life.

The basic geometric forms, elements without decoration, simple

materials and the repetitions of structures can represent a sense of order and
essential quality. The movement of natural light in minimalist buildings reveals
simple and clean spaces.

In order to successfully implement minimalist style storage is key in

order to allow the space to remain minimal while still retaining the essential objects
you use within that space.Minimalist kitchens are an excellent example of this,
where clever use of space and hidden storage is regularly used.
9
 Fig 3.7 Minimalist style

3.4.7 URBAN STYLE

Urban interiors feature nontraditional home materials and design

features, often including objects that are more traditionally used in an industrial
sense. The Urban style sees the use of galvanized steel, concrete floors, metal
siding, exposed beams and unfinished surfaces to create a distinctly modern,
bohemian look. Often random, non functional (in household terms) objects are
included in Urban interiors to create an outdoor or industrial atmosphere.

In more upscale urban interiors, however, the look is far more

polished, with bespoke fixtures, sophisticated finishes and clever small space
solutions, such as open floor plans that allow for multifunctional rooms.

Fig 3.8 Urban style

10
 This alludes to the central function of urban interiors which is to create
space, sometimes in surprising ways. Combination living/working spaces have
become traditional in inner cities and industrial areas, often referred to as studio
apartments. Renovated warehouses might feature a concrete floor for large scale
artwork or production and an upper loft for a living space.

Industrial building converted into high rise apartments, upscale

condominiums and mixed-use buildings are other innovations to urban living
spaces and rather that fighting the existing industrial feature within these spaces
Urban interior design embraces them.

3.4.8 COUNTRY STYLE

Country style interior design is cosy bearing the resemblance of

cottage style. There are many various culturally different country style designs that
have the features of the time and style that was traditional to those countries. Thus
you may find such country style types as Indian country, French country, English
country, American country, Italian country or Tuscan, and Modern country.

Each type of country style has taken characteristic features of the

culture it was used in. English country is relaxed and comfortable incorporating
many floral patterns as well as stripes and plaids. Natural light wood, such as oak,
is used throughout the English country styles. Open space is not considered
important in the country style with large furniture pieces often dominating a space
with the walls often decorated with a variety of pictures, utensils or other objects.

French country style is characterized by deep and bright colours –

aubergine, lavender, yellow, azure blue. colours are built into floral and animal
patterns. The furniture is robust and basic. Italian country style, also known as
Tuscan is warm and rustic. It incorporates such colours as ochre, terracotta, golden
yellow, and green.
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 Fig 3.9 Country style

The flooring and fireplaces are made of natural stone. Unfinished

wooden pieces and textured walls accentuate the rustic feel. American country
style has its main feature in simplicity. The furniture can be stained, painted or
unfinished. Modern country style has an updated look. Incorporating modern art,
furniture or lighting into the traditional design makes it more up to date but still
cozy and lived-in.

3.4.9 RUSTIC STYLE

Rustic design is drawn from natural inspiration, using raw and often
unfinished elements including wood and stone.Rustic design may incorporate
accessories from the outdoors with warmth emulating from the design and
architectural details that may include features like vaulted ceilings adorned with
wood beams or reclaimed wood floors.

Fig 3.10 Rustic style

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3.4.10 INDUSTRIAL STYLE

Fig 3.11 Industrial style

There’s a sense of unfinished rawness in many of the elements, and

it’s not uncommon to see exposed brick, ductwork and wood. An iconic home with
an industrial design theme would be a renovated loft from a former industrial
building.

Think high ceilings, old timber and dangling metal light fixtures with
sparse functional furniture. There may possibly be one or two pieces of abstract art
or photography to add a dash of colour to an otherwise neutral color scheme
derived from the primary materials of wood and metals.

5. 7 ELEMENTS OF INTERIOR DESIGN

Interior Design is indeed a science that is bound by its own elements

and principles and yes, it is not as simple as one imagines it to be..! Generally
interior designers go by the rule book that states that “There are 7 Elements and 7
Principles of Interior Design”.

1. SPACE

Space is one of the most important elements of interior design. Space

acts as a foundation on which the entire interior design plan is built.Hence it is

13
essential that the designer is well aware of the space available, its dimensions and
its utilities.

Fig 3.12 Space

Space is divided into two types namely – Two Dimensional Space

which covers the floor (includes length and width) and Three Dimensional Space
which forms the living space (includes length, width and height).

A space that is essentially filled with furniture/decor items is a

Positive Space and an empty space is a Negative Space. An equilibrium has to be
maintained between the positive and negative spaces and either overcrowding or
skimping on the furniture/decor items is going to affect this equilibrium.

3.5.2. LINE

Lines give birth to forms and shapes and are responsible for
establishing a sense of harmony, contrast and unity (3 of the 7 principles) in a living
space.They define shapes and act as visual guides of an interior space. Lines are
broadly categorized into three types – Horizontal, Vertical and Dynamic.

While horizontal lines adorn structures likes tables, chairs and beds,
vertical lines can be found on windows, doorways and almirahs. While horizontal
lines add a safe and secure feeling to the space, vertical lines emote free and

14
expansive nature. Dynamic or angular lines, which are action oriented add drama
and can be seen on structures like stairs.

Fig 3.13 Line

An interior designer knows how to utilize these lines to define the

forms, another important interior design element.

3.5.3. FORMS

Forms mean shapes in general, an outline of any three dimensional

object in the space. The form is often used interchangeably with the term shape in
interior design.

Fig 3.14 Forms

15
 It is a close relative to line in that it can be used to produce distinct
feelings and effects when applied according to the principles of interior design. A
well-defined form establishes harmony and additional forms add balance to the
space.

There are two types of forms Geometric (man-made) and Natural

(organic). Also forms are categorized as open and closed; open forms are those that
can be looked into and closed forms are those that are enclosed by a closed
surface.A solid understanding of the above mentioned elements i.e. space and line
is required to achieve a good form.

3.5.4. LIGHT

Light is one of the most obvious elements of interior design. Either

natural or man-made, without light other elements namely color, texture and
pattern have no significance at all. Light sets in the mood and ambiance into a
living space and highlights the every other element including space, line and forms.

While smart placement of doors and windows should take care of the
natural light, man-made or artificial lighting is broadly divided into three major
types namely – Task Lighting, Accent Lighting and Ambient Lighting.

3.5.4A TASK LIGHTING

As the name says, task lighting is to light up specific areas where you
want to do something. Examples of these are a desk lamp for a working area, a
reading lamp on the bedside table, recessed kitchen lights for the food prep counter,
cabinet lighting that turns on when you need to get something inside, or a picture
light for your favorite wall painting.

16
 Fig 3.15 Task lighting

3.5.4B ACCENT LIGHTING

Fig 3.16 Accent lighting

These are the lights that give character and beauty to your space.It
could be those pendant lights that give your dinner table a rich flair, or a favorite
quote in neon lights installed on your wall.The function of accent lighting is
primarily to create that ooh la la factor you’d like in your home; providing
illumination is a secondary function.If it can do both in equal measure, then give
yourself some brownie points…!

17
3.5.4C AMBIENT LIGHTING

Ambient lighting illuminate the entire space. These are usually found
overhead, like flush or semi-flush fittings, chandeliers, even wall lights.

Fig 3.17 Ambient lighting

It’s best if these lights could be in different circuits so you don’t have
to turn everything on. You can also have the lighting installed with dimmers so that
it would be easier for you to create the mood you want.

3.5.5 COLOR

Colors don’t need any special introduction. Colors establish an

aesthetic connection between objects and set the mood.Colors must be chosen
based on the psychology and the mindset of the dweller. For example, red is an
excellent choice for dining room as it encourages appetite and green for bedroom
as it is the color of tranquility and health.Each color has three distinct
characteristics namely Hue, Value and Intensity, and an interior designer must be
well aware of these characteristics to perform various permutations and
combinations.

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 Fig 3.18 Color

Colors are broadly classified into Primary and Secondary colors and
also sub-categorized into Tertiary, Complementary, Analogous and
Monochromatic colors.

3.5.6 PATTERNS & TEXTURE

Fig 3.19 Patterns and texture

Patterns add interest and life to interior design and work along with
colors. Patterns tell a story of their own and add the elements of continuity and
smooth transition in a living space.Patterns could be of any shape and mostly
comprise of attractive and repetitive designs. Paisley, a design pattern which takes
the shape of a droplet-shaped vegetable is one of the most commonly used patterns
on wall paints, pillow covers and other decorative surfaces.

19
 CHAPTER 4
CONCLUSION
The internship is a bridge between the theoretical knowledge and the
practical or the reality at the work at the field of construction or civil engineering
work. The responsibilities of the hosting company are to teach student and shape
them in the four weeks as a real site worker. My hosting company is a contractor
and they help me and my friends who took the internship session in this company
in acquiring different knowledge in different positions.

This program played an important role to break the conventional

thought that field works can be only implemented by students who hold a degree
or people who have an experience in building construction. We were able to
acquire a high level of confidence to deal with problems that arise in a building
construction.

Since I took my internship session in the SUPREME INFRA. I get an

opportunity to work in the different party of the construction work which helps me
to gain more knowledge by seeing what they work in their own office and what are
their main responsibilities to the client and also each other.

20