Volume of

Collection Volumetric Reynolds’

Water
Trial No. Time flow rate, Q Number, Re Type of Flow
Collected
(s) (m3/s) (dimensionless)
(mL)
1 280 21 1.33333E-05 1057.009076 Laminar
2 290 23 1.26087E-05 999.562931 Laminar
3 260 19 1.36842E-05 1084.825105 Laminar
4 270 6 0.000045 3567.405633 Transitional
5 260 5.8 4.48276E-05 3553.737412 Transitional
6 280 6.5 4.30769E-05 3414.952401 Transitional
7 690 5 0.000138 10940.04394 Turbulent
8 675 4.7 0.000143617 11385.33713 Turbulent
9 700 5.6 0.000125 9909.460092 Turbulent

Describe the difference between a laminar and turbulent flow.

A laminar flow is a movement of fluid which characterized by a very smooth and even flow in a
horizontal layer with less occurrence that the fluid will mix between layers. In quantitative aspect in
terms of Reynolds’ number, the magnitude is less than 2000 (dimensionless unit. On the other hand, for
the turbulent flow, it is a movement of fluid which characterized by a chaotic flow with uneven and
swirling movements. This chaotic motion will result for the fluid to mix between layers. In terms of its
Reynolds’ Number, the magnitude is greater than 4000.

The transition between laminar and turbulent flow as a function of NRe is not always straightforward.
Describe other parameters that can affect this transition.

One of the parameters that can affect the transition between laminar and turbulent flow is the critical
velocity. It is the velocity of fluid at which flow changes from laminar to turbulent. Because of this
parameter, the changes is not straightforward since the fluid achieved a critical velocity first in order for
the transition to gradually occur. From lower critical velocity in which a laminar changes its velocity as it
moves to the transition flow to upper critical velocity in which the velocity changes as the transition flow
enters the turbulent flow.

Comment on the probable sources of any errors in your results

Based on the data obtained, errors that must be overlooked during the conduct of the experiment might
be due to little inaccuracy on recording the data. There must be a little delay or too early to note the
most important details in the experiment. The environment is also a big factor for the error because
temperature appreciably change during the conduct of the experiment. When the controlled
temperature change, arbitrary values will altered as well.

Conclusion:

The Reynolds’ number of the fluid obtained in the experiment as a function of flow rate was successfully
determined and the result of the experiment met the expected outcome. The laminar flow was
characterized by a smooth and even flow while turbulent flow showed a chaotic movement.
Recommendation

To further improve the result of the experiment, more trials in conducting the experiment is
very ideal to accurately analyze the result. Moreover, conduct the experiment in a more temperature
stable environment so as the result will give a more accuracy and less error for the values to achieve.