140 Project Management (M.M.S. Sem.

IV)

Chapter

7 Gantt Chart

7.1 MEANING OF GANTT CHART

A Gantt chart is a useful graphical tool which shows activities or tasks

performed against time. It is also known as visual presentation of a project where
the activities are broken down and displayed on a chart which makes it is easy to
understand and interpret.
A Gantt chart is a popular tool in project management. It basically drills
down activities which need to be done by a fixed time period. It is commonly used
for tracking project schedules.
On the chart, tasks are shown on the vertical axis while the scheduled time-
spend is laid out on the horizontal axis. Each task is represented by a bar that
shows the time required for the project.
The bar then represents or shows percentage of tasks that have been
completed. It also shows dependencies, which simply means the inter linkages
between various activities in the project.
Understanding the inter linkage between activities is very important to
monitor and Gantt charts help the project manager to do just that. It conveys the
information about the completion of other activities in the project. This
information is important because of the inter linkages between various activities
and if one activity gets delayed it will have an impact on others.
Gantt chart is a useful tool in planning and scheduling the projects. It keeps
the management updated as to when the project will get completed. It also keeps
the management informed about any additional resources that are required, and
manage dependencies between tasks.
They are commonly used in scheduling production processes, employee
roster or scheduling, events scheduling, production processes, etc. Microsoft Excel
can also be used to create Gantt charts apart from other independent software
available in the market.

7.2 NUMERICALS

Q.1. For the given problem,

Gantt Chart 141

1. Calculate EST, EFT, LST, LST and Total Float

2. Plot a Gantt chart for resources requirements & a resource graph over
time. If the available man-power is limited to 20 find out the days of over
allocation. Also find out the if available man- power is limited to 25 find
out the days of over allocation

Activity PRED DUR Manpower

A -
B -
C A
D B
E B
F B
G C, D
H E
I F
J G, H, I
(MMM/MFM MUMBAI UNIVERSITY 2013)
Solution:
(1) Diagram:
8 4
7 8
6 5
8 4
4 8
8 6
5 5
6 4
6 5
10 6

C-6
2 4
G -5
A-8
D-8
H-6 J - 10
1 5 7 8
E-4
B-7 I-6

3 6
F-8

ACT. PERD DUR EST EFT LST LFT Total Manpower

Float
A - 8 0 8 2 10 2 4
B - 7 0 7 0 7 0 8
142 Project Management (M.M.S. Sem. IV)
C A 6 8 14 10 16 2 5
D B 8 7 15 8 16 1 4
E B 4 7 11 11 15 4 8
F B 8 7 15 7 15 0 6
G C, D 5 15 20 16 21 1 5
H E 6 11 17 15 21 4 4
I F 6 15 21 15 21 0 5
J G, H, I 10 21 31 21 31 0 6

Critical path B-F-I-J= 31 days

(2) Gantt Chart:

If the resources are limited to 20 workers, then the days of over allocation of
resources are on 8th , 9th , 10th and 11th day.
If the resources are limited to 25 workers, then the days of over allocation of
resource does not arise.

Q.2. A project consists of nine activities for which the relevant data is given
in table.
Activity Immediate Duration Total Cash Flow
Predecessor (Days) Reqd. for activity (Rs. Lakhs)
Gantt Chart 143

A -- 5 25
B -- 5 30
C A 10 40
D B 7 28
E A 6 12
F C, D 8 24
G C, D 6 15
H E, F 5 10
I G 4 12
(MMM/MFM MUMBAI UNIVERSITY 2008)
i. Draw the network and find the project completion time.
ii. Compute EST, EFT, LST, LFT and Total float for each activity.
iii. Draw the Gantt chart for the project.
iv. What is the maximum requirement of cash and on which day does it
occur?
Solution :
(1)

E-6
2 4

A-5 C- 10 H-5
F-8

1 5 7
I-4
D- 7
B- 5 G- 6

3
6

(2)
Activity Duration EST EFT LST LFT Total Float
A 5 0 5 0 5 0
B 5 0 5 3 8 3
C 10 5 15 5 15 0
144 Project Management (M.M.S. Sem. IV)
D 7 5 12 8 15 3
E 6 5 11 17 23 12
F 8 15 23 15 23 0
G 6 15 21 18 24 3
H 5 23 28 23 28 0
I 4 21 25 24 28 3
Critical path A-C-F-H= 28 days
(3)

(4) The maximum requirement of cash is Rs 80 Lacs and this happens on day 6
to day 11.
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