Class 6

Subject -Science

Lesson no. 10

Motion and Measurement of Distance

Exercises-

Q1. Give two examples each, of modes of transport used on land, water and air.

Ans. Land transport- Car, bus.

Water transport- Boat, ship.

Air transport- Helicopter, aeroplane.

Q2. Fill in the blanks :

1] One metre is 100 cm.

2] Five kilometre is 5000 m.

3] Motion of a child on a swing is periodic motion.

4] Motion of the needle of a sewing machine is periodic motion.

5] Motion of a wheel of a bicycle is circular motion.

Q3. Why can a pace or a footstep not be used as a standard unit of length?

Ans. A pace or a footstep not be used as a standard unit of length because the length of a pace or a
footstep varies from person to person. Hence, result obtained will not be same.

Q4. Arrange the following lengths in their increasing magnitude:

{1 meter, 1 centimetre, 1 kilometre , 1 millimetre}

Ans.1] 1 millimetre.

2] 1 centimetre.

3] 1 meter.

4] 1 kilometre.

Q5.The height of a person is 1.65 m. Express it into centimetre and millimetre.

Ans. Given-Height of a person = 1.65 m

1 m = 100 cm
 100 × 1.65 = 165 cm

Hence, the height of a person is 165 cm

1cm = 10 mm

165 × 10 = 1650 mm

Hence, the height of a person is 1650 mm

Q6. The distance between Radha's home and her school is 3250 m. Express this distance into km.

Ans. Given-The distance between Radha's home and school = 3250 m

1 km = 1000m

3250 ÷ 1000 = 3.25 km

Hence, the distance between the Radha's home and school is 3.25 km.

Q7. While measuring the length of a knitting needle, the reading of the scale at one end is 3.0 cm and
at the other end is 33.1 cm. What is the length of the needle?

Ans. Given- The reading of scale at one end= 3.0 cm

The reading of scale at another end =33.1 cm

.°. The actual reading of the needle is = 33.1 - 3.0 = 30.1 cm.

Q8. Write the similarities and differences between the motion of a bicycle and a ceiling fan that has
been switched on.

Ans. A] Similarities :

1] The blades of a ceiling fan and the wheels of a bicycle are fixed at a point.

2] Both have circular motion about their respective fixed point.

B] Differences:

1] A bicycle has rectilinear motion whereas the blades of a ceiling fan do not have rectilinear motion.

2] The motion of the blades of a ceiling fan is a periodic , whereas the motion of a bicycle is not.

Q9. Why would you not like to use a measuring tape made of an elastic material like rubber to
measure distance? What would be some of the problems you would meet in telling someone about a
distance you measured with an such a tape?

Ans. An elastic tape is stretchable. It cannot be used for measuring distance because the length of such
tape may change on stretching. As a result the measured length would not be correct.

Q10. Give two examples of periodic motion.

Ans. (1) Motion of a pendulum of a clock.

 (2) Motion of a boy on a swing.

Q11. Why do we need a standard unit of measurement?

Ans. We need a standard unit of measurement –

i)To make our measurements more common, reliable and accurate.

ii) While taking a measurement, the value should be same to everyone.

iii) In order to that , we have a common unit for measurement called standard unit. SI units are used
everywhere in the world for the sake of uniformity.

Q12. How can a measured length be expressed?

Ans. A measured length can be expressed-

i) By a number representing the numerical value of the length.

Ii) This number is followed by the unit in which the quantity is measured.

Ex. 35 km.

In this, 35 is the numerical value or number and kilometre(km) is the unit.

Q13. State any two precautions to be observed while measuring the length with the help of a metre
scale.

Ans. The two precautions are-

i) The starting point of the scale should coincide with zero mark of the metre scale.
ii) The eyes should be exactly perpendicular to the line with the point of measurement.

Q14. Why can't we use hand span and arm length as standard units of length?

Ans. We cannot use hand span or arm length as standard units of length because hand span and arm
length differs from person to person.

Q15. How many cm are there in 2.5m?

Ans. 1m = 100 cm

So, 2.5 m = 2.5 × 100

= 250 cm

Q16. Define:

1] Periodic motion :- The motion that repeats itself in a regular interval of time is called periodic motion.

Ex. See - Saw.

2] Random motion :- The motion in which direction keeps changing is called random motion.

Ex. Flying of bee, butterfly.

3] Vibrating motion :- The type of motion in which an object moves to and fro about a fixed point is
called vibrating motion.

Ex.String instrument.

4] Oscillatory motion :- A motion that repeats itself over and over again about its mean position is called
oscillatory motion.

Ex.A simple pendulum and molecules oscillator.

5] Rectilinear motion :- When the object moves in a straight line , this motion is called rectilinear
motion.

Ex.March past of Soldier.

6] Circular motion:- The motion of an object which moves around a fixed path [axis] without changing
the path is called circular motion.

Ex. Globe, wheel.

7] Standard unit- The unit that can be used anywhere around the world as a common unit of
measurement is called as a standard unit.

Ex. Metre is standard unit of measuring length.

8] State of rest- The object which do not change its position with time, is said to be in state of rest.

Ex. Car parked at a place.

9] State of motion-The object which changes its place with time, is said to be in state of motion.

Ex. A Moving car.

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