i

EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

BENEFIT AND DRAWBACK OF THE SPECIAL EMPLOYMENT

PROGRAM TO THE WORKING COLLEGE STUDENTS OF EARIST-MANILA

A Research
Presented to the
Faculty of the College of Public Administration Society
Eulogio “Amang” Rodriguez
Institute of Science and Technology

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the
Subject Purposive Communication
Of Bachelor of Public Administration

by:
MAUREN J. TRUMPETA
TIMOTHY F. ORGANO
PATRICIA JOYCE A. GARCIA
CHRISTINE B. DE LA CRUZ
ALELIE M. FERNANDO
RENZ E. FLORES
ROSALYN D. LARADA
JAY AR C. SEÑEREZ JR.

2022
ii
EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
CERTIFICATION

This thesis is entitled “BENEFIT AND DRAWBACK OF THE SPECIAL

EMPLOYMENT PROGRAM TO THE WORKING COLLEGE STUDENTS EARIST-
MANILA” prepared by MAUREN J. TRUMPETA, TIMOTHY F. ORGANO, PATRICIA
JOYCE A. GARCIA, CHRISTINE E. DE LA CRUZ, ALELIE M. FERNANDO, RENZ E.
FLORES, ROSALYN D. LARADA, and JAY AR C. SEÑEREZ JR. in partial fulfillment of
the requirements for the Purposive Communication leading to the degree of Bachelor of Public
Administration has been examined for acceptance an approval for FINAL SEMESTER.

MRS. MARIEGAEY A. MIERGAS

Adviser

APPROVAL SHEET
Approved by the panel for oral defense on, _________________________ with a rating
of _____________.

Chairman

Member Member

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the subject Purposive

Communication to the degree of Bachelor of Public Administration.

DR. LEONORA V. DIVINA

Dean, PAS
iii
EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to express their gratefulness and gratitude to the following
persons whose immeasurable contributions had afforded them rewarding experience in
completing this study.

To Mrs. Mariegaey A. Miergas, their adviser for guidance encouragement and

recommendations and passing of knowledge to complete this research.

To Researcher’s Parents, for understanding and for giving them inspirations, moral
support and supporting their time management needs.

To Researcher’s friends and classmates, for helping them answer their inquiries and
ideas to form this research paper.

Finally, to the Almighty God for his guidance and strength for giving the researchers
knowledge and wisdom.

M.J. T
T. F. O
P.G. A. G
C.E.D.C
A.M.F
R.E.F
R.D.L
J.A.R.S.J
iv
EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
ABSTRACT

Title : BENEFIT AND DRAWBACK OF THE SPECIAL EMPLOYMENT

PROGRAM TO THE WORKING COLLEGE STUDENTS
OF EARIST-MANILA

Researchers : MAUREN J. TRUMPETA

TIMOTHY F. ORGANO
PATRICIA JOYCE A. GARCIA
CHRISTINE E. DE LA CRUZ
ALELIE M. FERNANDO
RENZ E. FLORES
ROSALYN D. LARADA
JAY AR C. SEÑEREZ JR.

Degree : BACHELOR OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Year : 2021-2022

Adviser : Mrs. Mariegaey A. Miergas

Rationale of the Study

The study was conducted to assess the RA No. 10917 Amending RA No. 9547 to the
selected working college students at EARIST-Manila and to know the benefit and drawback they
are getting from this law.

Statement of the Problem

The study aims to point out the benefit of SPES Law or Special Program for Employment
of the Students and to distinguish the drawback of it, and hopefully to help the government and
educators to aid it.
v
EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Certification/ Approval Sheet . . . . . . . . ii
Acknowledgement . . . . . . . . . iii
Abstract . . . . . . . . . . iv

CHAPTER
1. The Problem and Its Setting
Introduction . . . . . . . . 1-2
Statement of the Problem . . . . . . 2-3
Theoretical Framework . . . . . . 3-4
Conceptual Framework . . . . . . 4
Scope and Limitation . . . . . . . 4-5
Definition of Terms . . . . . . . 5
2. Review of Related Literature and Studies
Increasing in Punctuality of Beneficiaries . . . . 5
Develops Multitasking . . . . . . 5-6
Becoming Adaptive . . . . . . . 6
Industrial based . . . . . . . 6-7
Summary . . . . . . . . 8
3. Research Methodology
Research Procedure . . . . . . . 9
Research Design . . . . . . . 9
Respondents . . . . . . . . 9
Research Instrument . . . . . . . 10
Data Gathering Procedure . . . . . . 10

BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . 11
1
EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
CHAPTER 1

The Problem and Its Setting

INTRODUCTION
Republic Act No. 10917, or An Act Amending Certain Provisions of RA 9547 Otherwise
Known as an Act Strengthening and Expanding the Coverage of the Special Program for
Employment of Students, Amending for the Purpose Provisions of RA 7323, Otherwise Known as
the Special Program for Employment of Students, lapsed into law on 21 July 2016 as the late
Benigno Aquino III had ended his presidency. The Act was passed and designed to strengthen
the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE)’s existing youth employment facilitation
program by expanding the coverage of the program to include “not only poor but deserving
students and out-of-school youth, but also dependents of displaced workers, and would-be
displaced workers due to business closures or work stoppages, or natural calamities, who intend
to enroll in any secondary, tertiary, or technical-vocational institutions.” Likewise, this law has
extended the SPES employment period “from 52 days to 78 days or three (3) months and raises
the age limit of the program’s beneficiaries from the current 15 to 25 years old to 15 to 30 years
old.” Furthermore, students who are employed in activities related to their course “may earn
equivalent academic and practicum or on-the-job training credits.” (Bureau of Local
Employment)
The study shall identify six variables that are either independent or dependent in nature in
relation to their role in the topic. Multitasking, a skill learned by working students, is an
independent variable on account of its influence on the student who is enrolled and employed at
once. The industry or field of employment is also an independent variable owing to its
encompassing role in the choices and decisions that the enrolled student makes during the tenure.
On the one hand, adaptability is a dependent variable by reason of the multitasking done, with
how it makes adjustments to the environment easier for the student despite the immense
workload incurred. Time management is a dependent variable as well by virtue of the respective
industry or field of employment, acknowledging the varying classes of jobs such as: a) labor-
intensive work; b) capital-intensive work; c) blue-collar work; and d) white-collar work, among
others. Punctuality is another dependent variable following the mastery of time management.
2
EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
The number of beneficiaries under the program is also a dependent variable on account of the
varying classes of jobs mentioned in relation to time management. The Adaptability, Time
Management and Punctuality is solely classified as mediating variable viewing their nature to be
both dependent and independent variables, they have the capacity to be influence and to
influence.

The study shall be conducted in acknowledgment of the observation that there was no
substantial assessment of the program’s effectiveness, seconded by a report of the International
Initiative for Impact Evaluation in 2018. The report said the Department of Labor and
Employment (DOLE) had been bidding “to increase graduation rates and facilitate employment
through the Special Program for Employment of Students (SPES)” beginning 1993. (Beam et al,
2018) An assessment of its effectiveness has to be done yet, hence the partnership between the
International Initiative for Impact Evaluation and Innovations for Poverty Action and the
Philippine Labor Department. The evaluation revealed that while the program failed to affect
education outcomes among students, it managed to increase enrollment for men who are at a
higher risk of dropping out of school. The report likewise found that while the program did not
influence self-esteem, life, office skills, and wage perceptions among beneficiaries, it was able of
improving their confidence in work prospects after graduating. Finally, the assessment has
established that employment outcomes of students are most likely the receiving end of the
program’s promising impact, citing the increased employability of beneficiaries in private
businesses, local government units (LGUs), and non-governmental organizations (NGOs).

The study aims to address concerns posed by the variables in the preceding paragraphs.
While the related literature revealed that confidence in work prospects among students after
graduation improved, it failed to determine which of the variables are benefits and drawbacks of
the program.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Nowadays, few of the students from secondary and tertiary level were expected to
reconsider working while studying. There were several reasons why they preferred to gain
income independently such as they were financially unstable, solely providing themselves, a
3
EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
breadwinner of the family, or they might be a single parent at same time, a teenage parent who
chose to finish school. Hence, under Philippines' constitution, the Republic Act No. 10917 which
amended the certain provisions from Republic Act No. 9547 and also amended for the purpose
provision of Republic Act No. 7323- had introduced the Special Program for Employment of
Students also known as SPES. And this research study primarily aims to discover the possible
outcomes of this passed law and bring to light the current situation of those working students
from first year level of EARIST-Manila. To acquire the qualified and significant information,
this research study must confidently answer the following questions:

1. What are the benefits and drawbacks of SPES or the Special Program for Employment of
Students to the working students' academic performances?

2. What are the benefits and drawbacks of SPES to the working students' employment and
income rates?

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

The benefit and drawback of the special employment program to the working college
students of EARIST-Manila is the sole purpose why we aimed to analyze the mandated by the
law program which is the SPES or RA 10917 Amending Act 9547, we are expecting to confirm
our variables which includes (1) Increasing the Punctuality of the Beneficiaries, as they work
while study they are capable of submitting the requirements on or before the due date; (2)
Develops Multitasking a lifetime skill that hone them into becoming an individual that can both
ace studying and working; (3) Becoming Adaptive, this program positively effect them by being
able to adopt on variety of ambience; this three variables are considered as the positive outcome
of the SPES. On the other hand, we also provide three variables that shows the dismissive part of
this law (1) Industrial-based, many of the working students cannot be able to get the support
from government due to their industry, the most common example are the students from BPO
companies; (2) Time Management, even though this program enable them to have a life-skill,
conflict with time are also evident that sometimes causing them to stop studying and focus on job;
(3) Disturbing Quantity of Non-Beneficiaries, due to our first drawback variable we also noticed
the number of non-beneficiaries as we, ourselves have not meet someone engage in this law. The
4
EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
research problem, come across the identifying of the variables such as the quantity of non-
beneficiaries, trouble in time managing and the industry they belong. While, the benefits have
not reach the other students that may help them in the future, this law also come in variety of
positive support from our Philippine Government like allowance allotted by the National
Government to Local Government Units.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

TIME MANAGEMENT (MV)

MULTITASKING (IV)

ADAPTABILITY (MV)

INDUSTRY (IV) PUNCTUALITY (MV)

NUMBER OF BENEFICIARIES
(DV)

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

This study about the RA No. 10917 Amending RA No. 9547 targets the selected working
scholars in Eulogio “Amang” Rodriguez Institute of Science Technology to prove the positive
and negative variables given by us and base on our observations like the life-skills they get as a
working student and the disadvantages cause by it such as the difficulty in time management.
This study is expected to lasts for two months conducting the selection and research
5
EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
methodology, any further conflicts that the respondents can cause shall not be honored in the
process.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

⚫ SPES- Special Program of the Employment Student

⚫ EMPLOYMENT- the agreement which is performed between employer and employee that
determine the task and the job role.

⚫ EDUCATION- The integral development of a person and it is develops a society in which

people are aware of their rights and society

⚫ OSY- Out of School Youth

⚫ DRAWBACK- A refund of duties especially on an imported product subsequently exported

or used to produce for export.
6
EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

•Increasing in Punctuality of Beneficiaries

Indicated by Steinberg et al. (1981) connecting with understudies in low maintenance and
some regular work is turning out to be progressively boundless all through the world. Working
while at the same time getting the hang of, as per an examination distributed 30 years prior,
provides students with a smart thought of the abilities they'll require sometime down the road
(Schill, McCartin, and Meyer, 1985). Understudies who work low maintenance can promptly
gain cooperation, client assistance, correspondence, and down to earth abilities, as indicated by
new examination (Lucas and Lammont, 1998; Curtis and Lucas, 2001).Students might have the
option to relate their low maintenance work encounters straightforwardly to their scholarly
information, inspiration, and occupation possibilities to improve and clean their abilities (Curtis
and Shani, 2002; Curtis and Williams, 2002). As indicated by a few investigations, a blend of
monetary necessities and the possibility to acquire experience can ultimately further develop
future work amazing open doors (Harvey, 2000; Devlin, James and Grigg, 2008; Nonis and
Hudson, 2006). While working low maintenance and concentrating on full-time has various
advantages, respondents regularly thought to be low maintenance work as a prerequisite to
flourish in the present advanced education field, as per Watts and Pickering (2000). It is coherent
that the cash procured from low maintenance work is habitually spent on fundamental living
expenses, as indicated by Manthei and Gilmore's (2005) study.Part-time work, particularly in
advanced education, is frequently a way for understudies to experience this present reality, which
can assist them with becoming both by and by and expertly (Tymon, 2013; Tomlinson, 2007).
For understudies to turn out to be more alright with work, advanced education organizations
should search for opportunities to open them to instructive, low maintenance professional, and
professional adventures (Yorke, 2004; Glover, Regulation and Youngman, 2002).

•Develops Multitasking
Acoording to Emily B. et al (Dec 2018), straightforwardly assist understudies with building
fundamental abilities: Taking part in SPES alone doesn't seem, by all accounts, to be adequate to
7
EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
work on understudies' confidence or increment their work status. The interaction assessment
uncovered that a few PESOS execute some type of fundamental abilities or values development
preparing. Creating projects to straightforwardly furnish understudies with preparing in the areas
that Give tries to advance might be generally minimal expense and more fruitful. Research in
different settings has tracked down blended achievement in straightforwardly giving delicate
abilities preparing to youngsters.

•Becoming Adaptive
As per the objective of this review, it is to sort out what elements impact LPU-Laguna
CITHM understudies' support in the Work and Travel Abroad Program. The scientists utilized
quantitative exploration to gather information utilizing a study survey, which permitted them to
distinguish the main components that impact members' accessibility for the Work and Travel
Program. The analysts surveyed the 31 Joined Pinnacles Philippines representatives who partook
in the mid year 2015 Work and Travel Abroad Program. In light of the information accumulated,
the scientists observed that most of the members were female and dominatingly the travel
industry understudies. Every one of the members are single, and the majority of them are
between the ages of 18 and 19. Culture and travel abroad were viewed as the most compelling
elements in impacting the member's choice to take part in the Work and Travel Program, while
family and family members abroad were viewed as the most un-persuasive. The analysts found a
critical connection between orientation, culture, travel abroad, companions, past clumps of
candidates, return of speculation, and future work. The members' apparent advantage of the
program is that they acquire new information and capacities that they couldn't go anyplace else,
as well as the amazing chance to make new companions and reinforce their accreditations for
future positions.

•Industrial based
In light of the examination led by Emily B. et al (Dec 2018) Table 18 shows the work
preparation files we made on confidence, work assignments, fundamental abilities and working
environment skills in light of inquiries as portrayed before. We lead tests for heterogeneity in
reactions by three divisions: orientation, standard schooling level and relative family pay. We see
no effect of SPES on any of these four list measures. The point gauges on all actions are near
8
EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
nothing and not measurably critical. We additionally observe no proof of differential treatment
impacts in light of orientation, training level or family pay.

To summarize all the significant reviews of related literature that were mentioned above
in connection to the research study of the implemented law, Republic Act No. 10917, Amending
Republic Act No. 9547, we are aware that the Philippines, in today's situation, is not included as
a first-class country in the world, especially now that we are in the midst of a pandemic for
almost two consecutive years. The three results of the review of related literature show there is
still a positive outcome to the law whereby a student can have the opportunity to have work even
while they are studying. Furthermore, being a working student has advantages, as the variables
indicate they can develop and enhance their skills in terms of being punctual and adaptive to the
environment they have in the workplace, as well as multitask the tasks they have been assigned
by their head. Most importantly, their experience is a plus in their credentials for applying for
other positions in the future. On the other hand, it has drawbacks in terms of managing their time
between work and being a student; it has negative effects on their educational status in school.
Second, even though the law is implemented, not all companies adjust the schedules of working
students to allow them to cope with their responsibilities in school. Along these lines, the result
of the drawbacks in related studies that we researched is that not all companies give way to their
working student employees. Also, not all working students can access the benefits of the said
law. It still depends on their industry. Lastly, many people are suffering about how they can
support their financial needs because many companies are reducing their employees because of
the tentative alert level and safety precautions from the government that need to be followed as a
result of the negative effect on working students at this time.

Therefore, this implemented law by the government is very imperative to study because
the law is not being practiced well. People need to understand their rights to not be fooled by the
companies they are working for.
9
EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH PROCEDURE

This qualitative research aims to discover the benefits and drawback of the RA No. 10917
Amending RA No. 9547 also known as the Special Program for employment of students and to
observe the genuineness of our six variables. We will do the research by selecting our samples
from the population of EARIST-Manila that can help us verify our study and assumptions
regarding our chosen topic. Thereafter, we will get their consent to do the interview through the
use of google forms or depending the available apps for them and serve them the open-ended
questions. Subsequently, after gathering their responses we will discuss it and form innovated
perspective from it, also the conclusion and recommendation.

RESEARCH DESIGN

The general goal of this phenomelogical study is to represent and acknowledge a certain
phenomenon in-depth and attain at the essence of people who live inexperienced being a working
student and the phenomenon of their situation. The actuality of this phenomenology is
established on the ideal-material dichotomy; because in everything that has been experience
consist of material and ideal component.

In addition, this study will help us to be more aware what is really happening in a life of a
working student at this time. This would help us to commiserate on how this people manage and
live with the life that they determine and the path they’ve specify just to ratify how capable to be
a someone who have a dream not only of their self but for the people who believes on the things
that they are capable of doing.

RESPONDENTS

Our study will be focusing in the selected working college students 1st year level of Eulogio
“Amang” Rodriguez Institute of Science Technology located at Nagtahan St,
10
EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

Some of the research instrument we considered are secondary research, interview and
survey. Secondary research is not advisable considering that data, videos or existing statistics
about the SPES beneficiaries of EARIST-Manila is incapable to be access in present time. We
crossed out the interview method for the reason that it will be too risky in this time of situation;
Therefore, among all the choices we decided to came up with the survey due to the fact that it
will be more convenient for us to conduct our method using the internet and devices.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

In accordance to our research instrument, we will be handling out surveys through the use
of google forms; The sets of our questionnaire will be an open ended questions that will allow
the respondents to express their own views and particular opinions regarding our queries. Some
of the questions that we will include are:

⚫ Tell me about your life as a working student.

⚫ What type of industry do you work? Does it allow working students?

⚫ How much do you know about the Special Program for Employment of Students?

⚫ What are life-skill/s that you obtain as a working student?

⚫ Are you capable to manage your time doing work and school-related tasks?
11
EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
References:

Republic Act No. 10917. Retrieved February 10, 2022, from

https://www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2016/ra_10917_2016.html

Beam, E., Linden, L., Quimbo, S., & Richmond, H. (2018). Impact evaluation of the
Philippine Special Program for Employment of Students, 5-6.
https://www.3ieimpact.org/sites/default/files/2019-01/ie87-philippines-spes.pdf

Abenoja et al. (March, 2019) The Experiences of Working While Studying: A Phenomenological

Study of Senior High School Students. Retrieved from:https://edarxiv.org/w5t7a/download

Espiridion, et al. (September, 2015). FACTORS AFFECTING THE AVAILMENT OF LPU–

LAGUNA CITHM STUDENTS OF THE WORK AND TRAVEL ABROAD PROGRAM.

Retrieved from: http://lpulaguna.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/9.FACTORS-
AFFECTING-THE-AVAILMENT-OF-LPU-LAGUNA-CITHM-STUDENTS-OF-THE-
WORK-AND-TRAVEL-ABROAD-PROGRAM.pdf

Elsevier B.V. (2015 ). Effects of Workload on Academic Performance among Working Students

in an Undergraduate Engineering Program. Retrieved from:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2351978915004989