TURBOJET

Thermal efficiency:

T0 1
ηT =1− =1−
T t3 τr τc
At M0=0, thermal efficiency is 0% for ramjet and 50% for ideal turbojet

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5.7.3 Optimum Compressor Pressure Ratio

For maximum specific thrust, F / ṁ0 :

τ c, max F /ṁ =
√τ λ
0
τr

2
 γ
π c ,max F / ṁ =( τ c ,max F / ṁ ) γ −1
0 0

v9
v0
=
2
γ −1√ [ ( √ τ −1 ) + τ −1 ]
λ
2
r

F
ṁ0
=a0
v9
v0 (
−M 0 )
c pT 0
f=
h PR λ
(τ −√τλ )

f
S=
F
ṁ0

TURBOFAN

Mass flow through engine core: ṁ C

Mass flow through fan (bypass): ṁ B

ṁ B
Bypass ratio: α=
ṁ C

Total mass flow: ṁC + ṁB =( 1+ α ) ṁC

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4
5.9.1 Optimum bypass ratio, *

Thrust ratio for minimum thrust-specific fuel consumption:

1
FR=
2

PCA

two exceptions:
1) Approach flow / freestream:
Tt 0 γ −1 2
τ r= =1+ M0
T0 2

( )
pt 0 γ −1 2
γ
πr = = 1+ M0 γ −1
p0 2

2) Burner:
ht burner exit ( c p T t )burner exit
τ λ= =
h0 ( c p T )0

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